CN107024033B - Closed-circuit heat pump drying system with dehumidification function - Google Patents
Closed-circuit heat pump drying system with dehumidification function Download PDFInfo
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- CN107024033B CN107024033B CN201710391074.6A CN201710391074A CN107024033B CN 107024033 B CN107024033 B CN 107024033B CN 201710391074 A CN201710391074 A CN 201710391074A CN 107024033 B CN107024033 B CN 107024033B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/003—Supply-air or gas filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump drying, in particular to a closed-circuit heat pump drying system with a dehumidification function. The system comprises a three-pressure air-cooled heat pump subsystem and a closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem. The three-pressure air-cooled heat pump subsystem comprises a main path compressor, a main path oil separator, a condenser, a recooler, a drying filter, a middle-pressure gas-liquid separator, a dehumidification evaporator, a heat source evaporator, a low-pressure gas-liquid separator, an evaporation pressure regulating valve, an auxiliary path compressor and an auxiliary path oil separator; the closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem comprises an auxiliary PTC electric heater, a circulating fan, a drying material chamber, a material, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a dehumidification chamber, a medium heating chamber and a connecting air channel. The invention solves the outstanding technical problems of serious environmental pollution, high operation cost, low drying speed, low dehumidification energy consumption and the like in the existing drying process, obviously improves the efficiency of drying materials by a heat pump, and ensures the layer color, quality and fragrance of the dried materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump drying, in particular to a closed-circuit type heat pump drying system with a dehumidification function.
Background
In the face of the increasingly outstanding problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution, the traditional drying technologies such as fuel oil, gas, coal or burning wood and the like are gradually eliminated, and the current commonly used environment-friendly drying technologies mainly comprise two technologies, namely an electric heating tube direct heating technology, which is simple to operate, but has low efficiency and high running cost, and is opposite to the national energy-saving policy; the other type adopts a heat pump drying technology, particularly an air source heat pump technology, has a simple structure, is convenient to install and use, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and is put into use by some enterprises. But the prior conventional air source heat pump drying technology has the following defects: when outdoor air temperature is too high in summer, the condensing pressure of the air source heat pump is too high, the compression ratio of the compressor is too large, the exhaust temperature is too high, the heating capacity and the energy efficiency ratio of the air source heat pump are rapidly reduced, and even the compressor is possibly subjected to frequent protective shutdown; similarly, when the outdoor air temperature is too low in winter, the evaporation temperature of the air source heat pump is too low, the surface of the evaporator is frosted seriously, the compression ratio of the compressor is too large, the exhaust temperature is too high, the heating capacity and the energy efficiency ratio of the air source heat pump are reduced sharply, and even the device can not run normally. In a word, when the outdoor temperature is too high or too low, the conventional air source heat pump has outstanding technical problems, and the popularization and the application of the air source heat pump in the drying field are seriously influenced. In addition, when dangerous materials, peculiar smell materials, materials with high water content and heat-sensitive materials are dried, the open-circuit type circulating drying medium mode cannot meet the requirements of the drying process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a closed-circuit heat pump drying system with a dehumidification function, and aims to solve the outstanding technical problems of serious environmental pollution, low dehumidification energy consumption, high operation cost, low drying speed, difficult temperature change regulation and the like in the conventional drying process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a closed-circuit type heat pump drying system with a dehumidification function, which comprises a three-pressure air-cooled heat pump subsystem and a closed-circuit type drying medium circulation subsystem. The three-pressure air-cooled heat pump subsystem is composed of a main path compressor, a main path oil separator, a condenser, a recooler, a drying filter, an observation mirror, a first expansion valve, a middle pressure gas-liquid separator, a second expansion valve, a dehumidification evaporator, a heat source evaporator, a low pressure gas-liquid separator, an evaporation pressure regulator, an auxiliary path compressor, an auxiliary path oil separator, a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve, a first electric regulator, a second electric regulator and a connecting pipeline. The specific connection relation is as follows: an exhaust port of the main path compressor is connected with an inlet of the condenser and an outlet of the second one-way valve respectively through the main path oil separator and the first one-way valve in sequence; the outlet of the condenser is connected with the main path inlet of the recooler; the main path outlet of the recooler is connected with the inlet of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator through a drying filter, an observation mirror and a first expansion valve in sequence; two outlets of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator are respectively connected with an inlet of a secondary circuit of the recooler and an inlet of the second expansion valve; the outlet of the second expansion valve is respectively connected with the inlets of the dehumidification evaporator and the heat source evaporator through a first electric regulator and a second electric regulator; outlets of the dehumidification evaporator and the heat source evaporator are connected with an inlet of the low-pressure gas-liquid separator; the outlet of the low-pressure gas-liquid separator is connected with the air suction port of the main-path compressor; the auxiliary outlet of the recooler is connected with the air suction port of the auxiliary compressor through the evaporation pressure regulator; and an exhaust port of the auxiliary compressor is connected with an inlet of the condenser and an outlet of the first check valve respectively through the auxiliary oil separator and the second check valve in sequence.
The closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem is composed of an auxiliary PTC electric heater, a circulating fan, a drying material chamber, materials, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a dehumidification chamber, a condensed water discharge port, a medium heating chamber and a connecting air channel. The specific installation and connection relation is as follows: a condenser and an auxiliary PTC electric heater are sequentially installed in the medium heating chamber, and an air outlet of the medium heating chamber is connected with an air inlet of a circulating fan through an air duct; an air outlet of the circulating fan is connected with an air inlet of the drying material room; a shelf for laying materials is arranged in the drying material room, and an air outlet of the shelf is connected with an air inlet of the dehumidification chamber through an air duct provided with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor; and a dehumidifying evaporator and a condensed water discharge port are arranged in the dehumidifying chamber, and an air outlet of the dehumidifying chamber is connected with an air inlet of the medium heating chamber through an air duct.
The main road compressor and the auxiliary road compressor are respectively in any form of a fixed-frequency scroll compressor, a fixed-frequency rolling rotor compressor, a variable-frequency scroll compressor and a variable-frequency rolling rotor compressor. The condenser, the dehumidification evaporator and the heat source evaporator are in any structural form of a finned tube type heat exchanger, a stacked type heat exchanger and a parallel flow type heat exchanger. The first expansion valve and the second expansion valve are respectively in the form of any one of a manual expansion valve, a choke expansion valve, a floating ball type expansion valve, a thermostatic expansion valve and an electronic expansion valve. The circulating fan is any one of a variable frequency fan, a fixed frequency fan and a gear shifting fan. The evaporation pressure regulator is in the form of any one of a proportional regulator, a proportional-integral regulator, a proportional-derivative regulator and a proportional-integral-derivative regulator which are controlled by the pressure before the valve (i.e. evaporation pressure). The recooler is in any structural form of a plate heat exchanger, a double-pipe heat exchanger and a flash tank.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a closed-circuit heat pump drying system with a dehumidification function, which has novel conception and skillful unit design, and has the following main advantages that by matching a dehumidification evaporator and an auxiliary circuit adjusting system (mainly comprising an auxiliary circuit compressor, an auxiliary circuit oil separator, an auxiliary circuit condenser, a recooler, an evaporation pressure regulator and the like) on the basis of a conventional heat pump drying system:
(1) Through the auxiliary adjustment of the auxiliary path adjusting system, the air-cooled heat pump drying system can solve the outstanding problems of overhigh condensation pressure, overlarge compression ratio of a compressor, overhigh exhaust temperature and frequent protective shutdown of the compressor in a high-temperature refrigeration working mode in summer, and can also solve the outstanding problems of overlow evaporation temperature, serious frosting on the surface of an evaporator, overlarge compression ratio of the compressor, overhigh exhaust temperature and sharp reduction of heating capacity and energy efficiency ratio in a low-temperature heating working mode in winter, the reliability, the stability and the economical efficiency of the year-round operation of the air-cooled heat pump drying system are improved, and the application field of the air-cooled heat pump drying system is widened.
(2) Through the auxiliary adjustment of the auxiliary path adjusting system, the heating capacity of the air-cooled heat pump drying system can be rapidly changed along with the requirements of the material drying process, the dehumidification energy consumption ratio of the dried material is obviously improved, and the layer color, the quality and the fragrance of the dried material are ensured.
(3) Through the rapid dehumidification function of the dehumidification evaporator and the closed-circuit type circulating drying medium mode, the air-cooled heat pump drying system realizes efficient drying of dangerous materials, peculiar smell materials, materials with high water content and heat-sensitive materials.
(4) The closed-circuit heat pump drying system with the dehumidification function provided by the invention overcomes the defects of the existing heat pump drying technology, and has the characteristics of high drying efficiency, energy conservation, good quality of dried materials, sanitation and the like, so that the closed-circuit heat pump drying system has wide market application prospect and huge market potential, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a single-stage compression drying working mode.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a single-stage compression + PTC + dehumidification drying operation mode.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a three-pressure drying operation mode.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a three-pressure + dehumidifying drying mode.
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the auxiliary road + PTC drying operation mode.
Number in the figure: 1 is a main path compressor, 2 is a main path oil separator, 3 is a condenser, 4 is a recooler, 5 is a drying filter, 6 is an observation mirror, 7 is a first expansion valve, 8 is a middle pressure gas-liquid separator, 9 is a second expansion valve, 10 is a dehumidifying evaporator, 11 is a heat source evaporator, 12 is a low pressure gas-liquid separator, 13 is an evaporating pressure regulator, 14 is an auxiliary path compressor, 15 is an auxiliary path oil separator, 16 is a first check valve, 17 is a second check valve, 18 is a first electric regulator, 19 is a second electric regulator, 20 is an auxiliary PTC electric heater, 21 is a circulating fan, 22 is a drying material compartment, 23 is a material, 24 is a temperature sensor, 25 is a humidity sensor, 26 is a dehumidifying compartment, 27 is a condensed water discharge port, and 28 is a medium heating compartment.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples (figures) without restricting the invention thereto.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a closed-circuit heat pump drying system with dehumidification function, which mainly comprises a three-pressure air-cooled heat pump subsystem and a closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem. The three-pressure air-cooled heat pump subsystem is composed of a main path compressor 1, a main path oil separator 2, a condenser 3, a recooler 4, a drying filter 5, an observation mirror 6, a first expansion valve 7, a medium pressure gas-liquid separator 8, a second expansion valve 9, a dehumidification evaporator 10, a heat source evaporator 11, a low pressure gas-liquid separator 12, an evaporation pressure regulator 13, an auxiliary path compressor 14, an auxiliary path oil separator 15, a first one-way valve 16, a second one-way valve 17, a first electric regulator 18, a second electric regulator 19 and a connecting pipeline. The specific connection relation is as follows: the exhaust port of the main-path compressor 1 is respectively connected with the inlet of the condenser 3 and the outlet of the second check valve 17 through the main-path oil separator 2 and the first check valve 16 in sequence; the outlet of the condenser 3 is connected with the main inlet of the recooler 4; the main path outlet of the recooler 4 is connected with the inlet of a medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 through a drying filter 5, an observation mirror 6 and a first expansion valve 7 in sequence; two outlets of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 are respectively connected with an inlet of a secondary circuit of the recooler 4 and an inlet of a second expansion valve 9; the outlet of the second expansion valve 9 is respectively connected with the inlets of the dehumidification evaporator 10 and the heat source evaporator 11 through a first electric regulator 18 and a second electric regulator 19; the outlets of the dehumidification evaporator 10 and the heat source evaporator 11 are connected with the inlet of a low-pressure gas-liquid separator 12; the outlet of the low-pressure gas-liquid separator 12 is connected with the air suction port of the main-path compressor 1; the bypass outlet of the recooler 4 is connected with the air suction port of a bypass compressor 14 through an evaporation pressure regulator 13; and an exhaust port of the auxiliary compressor 14 is respectively connected with an inlet of the condenser 3 and an outlet of the first check valve 16 sequentially through an auxiliary oil separator 15 and a second check valve 17. The closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem consists of an auxiliary PTC electric heater 20, a circulating fan 21, a drying material chamber 22, a material 23, a temperature sensor 24, a humidity sensor 25, a dehumidifying chamber 26, a condensed water outlet 27, a medium heating chamber 28 and a connecting air channel. The specific installation and connection relation is as follows: the medium heating chamber 28 is internally provided with a condenser 3 and an auxiliary PTC electric heater 20 in sequence, and an air outlet of the medium heating chamber is connected with an air inlet of a circulating fan 21 through an air duct; an air outlet of the circulating fan 21 is connected with an air inlet of the material drying room 22; a shelf for laying the materials 23 is arranged in the drying material room 22, and an air outlet of the shelf is connected with an air inlet of a dehumidifying chamber 26 through an air duct provided with a temperature sensor 24 and a humidity sensor 25; the dehumidification chamber 26 is provided with a dehumidification evaporator 10 and a condensed water outlet 27, and the air outlet is connected with the air inlet of a medium heating chamber 28 through an air duct.
The main compressor 1 of the invention is a fixed frequency scroll compressor and an auxiliary compressor 14 which are respectively a variable frequency scroll compressor. The condenser 3 is a finned tube heat exchanger, the dehumidifying evaporator 10 is a stacked heat exchanger, and the heat source evaporator 11 is a parallel flow heat exchanger. The first expansion valve 7 is a manual expansion valve, and the second expansion valve 9 is a choke type expansion valve. The circulating fan 21 is a variable frequency fan. The evaporation pressure regulator 13 is a proportional regulator controlled by the pressure before the valve (i.e., evaporation pressure). The recooler 4 is a plate heat exchanger.
Example 2
The main compressor 1 is a constant-frequency rolling rotor compressor, and the auxiliary compressor 14 is a variable-frequency scroll compressor. The condenser 3 and the dehumidifying evaporator 10 are stacked heat exchangers, and the heat source evaporator 11 is a parallel flow heat exchanger. The first expansion valve 7 is a manual expansion valve, and the second expansion valve 9 is a choke type expansion valve. The circulating fan 21 is a gear shifting fan. The evaporation pressure regulator 13 is a proportional regulator controlled by the pressure before the valve (i.e., evaporation pressure). The sub-cooler 4 is a flash tank. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
Example 3
The main compressor 1 is a variable frequency rolling rotor compressor, and the auxiliary compressor 14 is a fixed variable frequency scroll compressor. The condenser 3 is a stacked heat exchanger, the dehumidification evaporator 10 is a parallel flow heat exchanger, and the heat source evaporator 11 is a finned tube heat exchanger. The first expansion valve 7 is a thermostatic expansion valve, and the second expansion valve 9 is a choke expansion valve. The circulating fan 21 is a gear shifting fan. The evaporation pressure regulator 13 is a proportional-integral regulator. The recooler 4 is in any structural form of a plate heat exchanger, a double-pipe heat exchanger and a flash tank. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
Example 4
The main compressor 1 is a variable frequency rolling rotor compressor, and the auxiliary compressor 14 is a constant frequency rolling rotor compressor. The condenser 3 is a parallel flow type heat exchanger, the dehumidifying evaporator 10 is a fin tube type heat exchanger, and the heat source evaporator 11 is a fin tube type heat exchanger. The first expansion valve 7 is an electronic expansion valve, and the second expansion valve 9 is a floating ball type expansion valve. The circulating fan 21 is a fixed frequency fan. The evaporation pressure regulator 13 is a proportional-integral-derivative regulator. The subcooler 4 is a double-pipe heat exchanger. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
Example 5
The main compressor 1 is a variable frequency scroll compressor, and the auxiliary compressor 14 is a constant frequency rolling rotor compressor. The condenser 3 is a stacked heat exchanger, the dehumidification evaporator 10 is a parallel flow heat exchanger, and the heat source evaporator 11 is a finned tube heat exchanger. The first expansion valve 7 is a thermostatic expansion valve, and the second expansion valve 9 is an electronic expansion valve. The circulating fan 21 is a gear shifting fan. The evaporation pressure regulator 13 is a proportional-integral regulator. The recooler 4 is a double-pipe heat exchanger. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
Through the optimized matching combination of the three-pressure air-cooled heat pump subsystem and the closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem and the PLC intelligent regulation, the invention can realize five working modes:
(1) Single-stage compression drying working mode
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a single stage compression drying mode of operation that can be used when the outside air temperature is between about-5 deg.C and 45 deg.C, and when the material drying operation is initially initiated and the system does not require energy and humidity conditioning. At this time, the main circuit compressor 1, the fan of the heat source evaporator 11, the second electric regulator 19, and the circulation fan 21 are started, and the sub circuit compressor 14, the first electric regulator 18, and the auxiliary PTC electric heater 20 are turned off. The working process of the three-pressure air-cooled heat pump subsystem comprises the following steps: the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the main path compressor 1 sequentially passes through the main path oil separator 2 and the first one-way valve 16 to enter the condenser 3, releases heat to heat a circulating drying medium introduced by the circulating fan 21, is condensed into a supercooled or saturated liquid refrigerant, then sequentially passes through the recooler 4, the drying filter 5 and the observation mirror 6 to enter the first expansion valve 7, is changed into a medium-temperature medium-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant after being throttled and adjusted by the first expansion valve 7, enters the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 to be subjected to gas-liquid separation, then the liquid refrigerant at the lower part of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 is changed into a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant after being throttled and adjusted by the second expansion valve 9, enters the heat source evaporator 11 through the second electric adjuster 19, absorbs air source heat introduced by the fan of the heat source evaporator 11, is evaporated into low-pressure superheated refrigerant steam, then enters the air suction port of the main path compressor 1 after being subjected to gas-liquid separation, the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is discharged after being compressed by the main path compressor 1, and starts to enter the next cycle. The working process of the drying medium circulation subsystem is as follows: the high-temperature low-humidity drying medium from the medium heating chamber 28 enters the drying material chamber 22 through the circulating fan 21, releases heat to cool after heating the material 23, absorbs moisture of the material at the same time, becomes a low-temperature and high-humidity drying medium, then enters the medium heating chamber 28 through the dehumidifying chamber 26 after being detected by the temperature sensor 24 and the humidity sensor 25 in the air duct, and rises the temperature after absorbing the phase change latent heat released by the gaseous refrigerant entering the condenser 3, becomes a high-temperature and low-humidity drying medium, and starts the next cycle.
(2) Single-stage compression + PTC + dehumidification drying working mode
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a single-stage compression + PTC + dehumidification drying operation mode, which can be adopted when the outdoor air temperature is between-5 ℃ and 45 ℃ and the humidity of the drying medium detected by the temperature sensor 24 and the humidity sensor 25 is too high during the material drying operation. At this time, the main circuit compressor 1, the first electric regulator 18, the auxiliary PTC electric heater 20, and the circulation fan 21 are started, and the fan of the heat source evaporator 11, the auxiliary circuit compressor 14, and the second electric regulator 19 are turned off. The working process of the three-pressure air-cooled heat pump subsystem comprises the following steps: the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the main-path compressor 1 sequentially passes through the main-path oil separator 2 and the first one-way valve 16 to enter the condenser 3, releases heat to heat a circulating drying medium introduced by the circulating fan 21, is condensed into a supercooled or saturated liquid refrigerant, sequentially passes through the recooler 4, the drying filter 5 and the observation mirror 6 to enter the first expansion valve 7, is changed into a medium-temperature medium-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant after being throttled and adjusted by the first expansion valve 7, enters the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 to be subjected to gas-liquid separation, then the liquid refrigerant at the lower part of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 is changed into a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant after being throttled and adjusted by the second expansion valve 9, enters the dehumidification evaporator 10 through the first electric regulator 18 to absorb the heat of the circulating drying medium introduced by the circulating fan 21, is evaporated into low-pressure superheated refrigerant steam, then enters the air suction port of the main-path compressor 1 after being subjected to gas-liquid separation by the low-pressure gas-liquid separator 12, and after being compressed by the main-path compressor 1, the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is discharged and starts entering the next cycle. The working process of the drying medium circulation subsystem is as follows: the high-temperature low-humidity drying medium from the medium heating chamber 28 enters the drying material chamber 22 through the circulating fan 21, the heat is released to cool after the materials 23 are heated, meanwhile, the moisture of the materials is absorbed to become the low-temperature high-humidity drying medium, then the low-temperature low-humidity drying medium enters the dehumidifying chamber 26 after being detected by the temperature sensor 24 and the humidity sensor 25 in the air duct, the heat is released to heat the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant entering the dehumidifying evaporator 10, the water vapor in the drying medium becomes condensed water to be separated out and is discharged by the condensed water discharge port 27, then the low-temperature low-humidity drying medium enters the medium heating chamber 28 through the air duct, the phase change latent heat released by the gaseous refrigerant of the condenser 3 and the heat of the auxiliary PTC electric heater 20 are absorbed successively, the temperature is raised step by step to become the high-temperature low-humidity drying medium, and the next cycle is started.
(3) Three-pressure drying working mode
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a three-pressure drying operation mode, which can be adopted when the temperature of outdoor air is about 46-55 ℃ or-20-6 ℃ and the drying operation of materials is started and the system does not need energy and humidity adjustment. At this time, the main circuit compressor 1, the fan of the heat source evaporator 11, the sub circuit compressor 14, the second electric regulator 19, and the circulation fan 21 are started, and the first electric regulator 18 and the auxiliary PTC electric heater 20 are turned off. The working process of the three-pressure air-cooled heat pump subsystem is as follows: the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the main-path compressor 1 sequentially passes through the main-path oil separator 2 and the first one-way valve 16 to be mixed with the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant passing through the second one-way valve 17, then enters the condenser 3, releases heat to heat a circulating drying medium introduced by the circulating fan 21, is condensed into a supercooled or saturated liquid refrigerant, enters the main path side of the recooler 4 to release heat to heat a medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated gaseous refrigerant passing through the auxiliary path side of the recooler 4, is further supercooled into a liquid refrigerant with a high supercooling degree, then sequentially passes through the drying filter 5 and the observation mirror 6 to enter the first expansion valve 7, is throttled and adjusted by the first expansion valve 7 to become a medium-temperature medium-pressure two-phase refrigerant, enters the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 to be subjected to gas-liquid separation and then is divided into two-phase refrigerant, wherein one phase is the separated medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated liquid refrigerant, is discharged through the lower part of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8, then is throttled and adjusted by the second expansion valve 9 to become a low-temperature two-liquid two-phase refrigerant, enters the heat source evaporator 11 through the second electric regulator 19 to absorb heat introduced by the main-source evaporator 11, is evaporated into a low-pressure gas-liquid compressor 12 to be evaporated and then enters the low-liquid compressor 1 to be compressed, and then enters the low-pressure gas-liquid compressor 1 to be compressed, and then enters the low-gas-liquid compressor 1, and compressed gas-liquid compressor 1, and the high-liquid compressor 1. The other path is separated medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated gaseous refrigerant, the separated medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the upper part of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8, enters the auxiliary path side of the sub-cooler 4 to absorb the heat of the supercooled or saturated liquid refrigerant passing through the main path side of the sub-cooler 4, is changed into superheated gaseous refrigerant, then enters the air suction port of the auxiliary path compressor 14 through the throttling and pressure regulating of the evaporation pressure regulator 13, is compressed by the auxiliary path compressor 14 to discharge high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, then is mixed with the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant passing through the first one-way valve 16 through the auxiliary path oil separator 15 and the second one-way valve 17 in sequence, enters the condenser 3, and starts to enter the next cycle. The working process of the drying medium circulation subsystem is the same as the single-stage compression drying working mode.
(4) Three-pressure + dehumidifying and drying working mode
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a three-pressure + dehumidification drying operation mode, which can be adopted when the outdoor air temperature is approximately 46-55 ℃ or-20-6 ℃ and the humidity of the drying medium detected by the temperature sensor 24 and the humidity sensor 25 is too high in the material drying operation process. At this time, the main compressor 1, the sub-compressor 14, the first electric regulator 18, and the circulation fan 21 are started, and the fan of the heat source evaporator 11, the second electric regulator 19, and the auxiliary PTC electric heater 20 are turned off. The working process of the three-pressure air-cooled heat pump subsystem is as follows: the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the main compressor 1 sequentially passes through the main liquid oil separator 2 and the first one-way valve 16 to be mixed with the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant passing through the second one-way valve 17, then enters the condenser 3, releases heat to heat the circulating drying medium introduced by the circulating fan 21, is condensed into a supercooled or saturated liquid refrigerant, enters the main side of the recooler 4 to release heat to heat the medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated gaseous refrigerant passing through the auxiliary side of the recooler 4, is further supercooled into a liquid refrigerant with a large supercooling degree, then passes through the drying filter 5 and the observation mirror 6 to enter the first expansion valve 7, is throttled and adjusted by the first expansion valve 7 to become medium-temperature medium-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, enters the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 to be separated into two paths after gas-liquid separation, wherein one path is the separated medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated liquid refrigerant, is discharged through the lower part of the medium-pressure gas-liquid 8, is throttled and adjusted by the second expansion valve 9 to become a low-temperature gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant suction port, enters the first electric evaporator 10 to absorb heat of the circulating drying medium introduced by the main fan 21, is evaporated to become superheated low-pressure gas-liquid refrigerant, and superheated steam, and then enters the low-liquid compressor 1 to be compressed, and then enters the low-pressure gas-liquid compressor 1, and then enters the high-liquid compressor 1, and low-liquid refrigerant, and high-pressure gas-liquid refrigerant, and the high-liquid compressor 1, and low-liquid refrigerant, and gaseous refrigerant, and low-liquid refrigerant, and then enters the high-pressure gas-liquid compressor, and low-liquid separator 1, and low-vapor refrigerant, and the high-vapor phase refrigerant, and vapor separator 1, and the high-vapor separator 1. The other path is separated medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated gaseous refrigerant, the separated medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the upper part of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8, enters the auxiliary path side of the sub-cooler 4 to absorb the heat of the sub-cooled or saturated liquid refrigerant passing through the main path side of the sub-cooler 4 to become superheated gaseous refrigerant, then enters the air suction port of the auxiliary path compressor 14 through the throttling and pressure regulating of the evaporation pressure regulator 13, is compressed by the auxiliary path compressor 14 to discharge high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, then is mixed with the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant passing through the first one-way valve 16 sequentially through the auxiliary path oil separator 15 and the second one-way valve 17, enters the condenser 3, and starts to enter the next cycle. The working process of the drying medium circulation subsystem comprises the following steps: the high-temperature low-humidity drying medium from the medium heating chamber 28 enters the drying material chamber 22 through the circulating fan 21, the heat is released to reduce the temperature after the materials 23 are heated, meanwhile, the moisture of the materials is absorbed and changed into the low-temperature high-humidity drying medium, then the low-temperature low-humidity drying medium enters the dehumidifying chamber 26 after being detected by the temperature sensor 24 and the humidity sensor 25 in the air duct, the heat is released to heat the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant entering the dehumidifying evaporator 10, the water vapor in the drying medium is changed into condensed water to be separated out and is discharged through the condensed water discharge port 27, then the low-temperature low-humidity drying medium enters the medium heating chamber 28 through the air duct, the phase change latent heat released by the gaseous refrigerant of the condenser 3 is absorbed, the temperature is raised, the high-temperature low-humidity drying medium is changed, and the next cycle is started.
(5) Auxiliary road + PTC drying working mode
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of an auxiliary plus PTC drying operation mode, which can be adopted when the humidity of the drying medium detected by the temperature sensor 24 and the humidity sensor 25 is low in the middle and later stages of the material drying operation. At this time, the auxiliary compressor 14, the auxiliary PTC electric heater 20, and the circulation fan 21 are started, and the main compressor 1, the fan of the heat source evaporator 11, the first electric regulator 18, and the second electric regulator 19 are turned off. The working process of the three-pressure air-cooled heat pump subsystem is as follows: the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the auxiliary compressor 14 sequentially passes through the auxiliary oil separator 15 and the second one-way valve 17 to enter the condenser 3, releases heat to heat a circulating drying medium introduced by the circulating fan 21, is condensed into a supercooled or saturated liquid refrigerant, enters the main side of the subcooler 4 to release heat to heat a medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated gaseous refrigerant passing through the auxiliary side of the subcooler 4, is further supercooled into a liquid refrigerant with a higher supercooling degree, then sequentially passes through the drying filter 5 and the observation mirror 6 to enter the first expansion valve 7, is throttled and regulated by the first expansion valve 7 to become a medium-temperature medium-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, enters the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 to be subjected to gas-liquid separation, the separated medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated gaseous refrigerant is discharged through the upper part of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8, enters the auxiliary side of the subcooler 4 to absorb heat of the supercooled or saturated liquid refrigerant passing through the main side of the subcooler 4 to become a superheated gaseous refrigerant, then enters the suction port of the evaporating pressure regulator 13 to enter the auxiliary compressor 14, and finally, is compressed and discharged into a next circulating gaseous refrigerant. The working process of the drying medium circulation subsystem comprises the following steps: the high-temperature low-humidity drying medium from the medium heating chamber 28 enters the drying material chamber 22 through the circulating fan 21, releases heat to cool after heating the material 23, absorbs moisture of the material simultaneously to become the low-temperature high-humidity drying medium, then enters the medium heating chamber 28 through the dehumidifying chamber 26 after being detected by the temperature sensor 24 and the humidity sensor 25 in the air duct, and gradually heats up after absorbing the phase change latent heat released by the gaseous refrigerant of the condenser 3 and the heat of the auxiliary PTC electric heater 20 successively to become the high-temperature low-humidity drying medium, and starts the next cycle.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a closed circuit formula heat pump drying system with dehumidification function which characterized in that: comprises a three-pressure air-cooled heat pump subsystem and a closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem; the three-pressure air-cooled heat pump subsystem comprises a main path compressor (1), a main path oil separator (2), a condenser (3), a recooler (4), a drying filter (5), an observation mirror (6), a first expansion valve (7), a middle pressure gas-liquid separator (8), a second expansion valve (9), a dehumidification evaporator (10), a heat source evaporator (11), a low pressure gas-liquid separator (12), an evaporation pressure regulator (13), an auxiliary path compressor (14), an auxiliary path oil separator (15) and a connecting pipeline; the closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem comprises an auxiliary PTC electric heater (20), a circulating fan (21), a drying material room (22), a dehumidification chamber (26), a medium heating chamber (28) and a connecting air channel; the exhaust port of the main path compressor (1) is connected with the main path oil separator (2); the outlet of the condenser (3) is connected with the main path inlet of the recooler (4), and the main path outlet of the recooler (4) is connected with the inlet of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator (8) through a drying filter (5), an observation mirror (6) and a first expansion valve (7) in sequence; two outlets of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator (8) are respectively connected with a bypass inlet of the recooler (4) and an inlet of the second expansion valve (9); the outlets of the dehumidification evaporator (10) and the heat source evaporator (11) are connected with the inlet of the low-pressure gas-liquid separator (12); the outlet of the low-pressure gas-liquid separator (12) is connected with the air suction port of the main-path compressor (1); the bypass outlet of the recooler (4) is connected with the air suction port of the bypass compressor (14), and an evaporation pressure regulator (13) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the bypass outlet and the air suction port; an exhaust port of the auxiliary compressor (14) is connected with an auxiliary oil separator (15), and the auxiliary oil separator (15) is connected with the condenser (3); an inlet of the first one-way valve (16) is connected with the main path oil separator (2), and the main path oil separator (2) is connected with an air outlet of the main path compressor (1); an air outlet of the circulating fan (21) is connected with an air inlet of the dried material room (22); a shelf for laying the materials (23) is arranged in the drying material room (22); the drying material room (22) is connected with an air inlet of a dehumidifying chamber (26) through a connecting air duct, and a dehumidifying evaporator (10) is arranged in the dehumidifying chamber (26);
the three-pressure air-cooled heat pump subsystem further comprises a first one-way valve (16), a second one-way valve (17), a first electric regulator (18) and a second electric regulator (19); a second one-way valve (17) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the auxiliary oil separator (15) and the condenser (3); an inlet of the condenser (3) is connected with an outlet of a first one-way valve (16), the first one-way valve (16) is connected with the main path oil separator (2), and the first one-way valve (16) is respectively connected with an inlet of the condenser (3) and an outlet of a second one-way valve (17); the outlet of the second expansion valve (9) is respectively connected with a second electric regulator (19) and a first electric regulator (18); the first electric regulator (18) is connected with the dehumidification evaporator (10), and the second electric regulator (19) is connected with the inlet of the heat source evaporator (11);
the closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem further comprises a temperature sensor (24), a humidity sensor (25) and a condensed water discharge port (27); the condenser (3) and the auxiliary PTC electric heater (20) are positioned in the medium heating chamber (28), an air outlet of the medium heating chamber (28) is connected with an air inlet of the circulating fan (21) through a connecting air channel, the temperature sensor (24) and the humidity sensor (25) are arranged at an air outlet of the drying material room (22), the condensed water outlet (27) is arranged in the dehumidifying chamber (26), and an air outlet of the dehumidifying chamber (26) is connected with the air inlet of the medium heating chamber (28) through the connecting air channel.
2. The closed-circuit heat pump drying system with dehumidification function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the main path compressor (1) and the auxiliary path compressor (14) are respectively in any one form of a fixed frequency scroll compressor, a fixed frequency rolling rotor compressor, a variable frequency scroll compressor and a variable frequency rolling rotor compressor; the condenser (3) is in any structural form of a finned tube heat exchanger, a stacked heat exchanger and a parallel flow heat exchanger; the dehumidifying evaporator (10) is any one structural form of a finned tube heat exchanger, a stacked heat exchanger and a parallel flow heat exchanger; the heat source evaporator (11) is any one structural form of a finned tube heat exchanger, a stacked heat exchanger and a parallel flow heat exchanger.
3. The closed-circuit heat pump drying system with dehumidification function as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the first expansion valve (7) and the second expansion valve (9) are in the form of any one of a manual expansion valve, a choke expansion valve, a floating ball type expansion valve, a thermostatic expansion valve and an electronic expansion valve.
4. The closed-circuit heat pump drying system with dehumidification function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the circulating fan (21) is in any form of a variable frequency fan, a fixed frequency fan and a gear shifting fan.
5. The closed-circuit heat pump drying system with dehumidification function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the evaporation pressure regulator (13) is in the form of any one of a proportional regulator, a proportional-integral regulator, a proportional-derivative regulator and a proportional-integral-derivative regulator which are controlled by the pressure before the valve.
6. The closed-circuit heat pump drying system with dehumidification function as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the recooler (4) is in any structural form of a plate heat exchanger, a double-pipe heat exchanger and a flash tank.
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| CN107514899B (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2023-06-20 | 西安中亚科技发展有限公司 | Heat pump drying device |
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| CN109708457A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-03 | 扬州大学 | A kind of enclosed heat pump drying device for realizing double evaporating temperatures based on non-azeotropic mixed working medium |
| CN111520979B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-12-17 | 蔚复来(浙江)科技股份有限公司 | Kitchen waste fermentation bin drying and dehumidifying device and method adopting air energy heat pump |
| CN113739560B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2022-10-25 | 广东芬蓝环境科技有限公司 | Drying system control method and device and drying system |
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