CN107013857B - Lighting device for vehicle and manufacturing method of lighting device - Google Patents
Lighting device for vehicle and manufacturing method of lighting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107013857B CN107013857B CN201610973725.8A CN201610973725A CN107013857B CN 107013857 B CN107013857 B CN 107013857B CN 201610973725 A CN201610973725 A CN 201610973725A CN 107013857 B CN107013857 B CN 107013857B
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- light guide
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
- B60Q3/60—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by optical aspects
- B60Q3/62—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by optical aspects using light guides
- B60Q3/64—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by optical aspects using light guides for a single lighting device
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V19/00—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
- F21V19/001—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders the light sources being semiconductors devices, e.g. LEDs
- F21V19/003—Fastening of light source holders, e.g. of circuit boards or substrates holding light sources
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
- B60Q3/70—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by the purpose
- B60Q3/78—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by the purpose for generating luminous strips, e.g. for marking trim component edges
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V2200/00—Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2106/00—Interior vehicle lighting devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
- F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles
Abstract
The invention relates to a lighting device (1) for a vehicle, in particular for interior lighting. It has a flat or rod-shaped light conductor (2) formed in a curved manner and a plurality of light-emitting diodes (5). Wherein the light guide (2) and the light emitting diode (5) are arranged for light to be incident into the housing surface (3) of the light guide (2). According to the invention, the light-emitting diodes (5) are arranged on at least two different printed circuit boards (4) which are arranged in a row on the light conductor (2) or next to the light conductor (2) at a distance from one another. Wherein, the circuit boards (4) each contact at least one electrical conductor (6) guided along the row.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a lighting device for a vehicle having a light conductor and a Light Emitting Diode (LED) which is particularly suitable for interior lighting of the vehicle. It can realize interior lighting and environmental lighting for a vehicle. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a lighting device.
Background
Lighting devices with light-emitting diodes for interior lighting of vehicles are known from the background art. For example, DE102013015343A1 or DE102013210261A1 each disclose a lighting device in which the light of a plurality of light-emitting diodes is incident on a light conductor, for example. Such a light conductor can also form a light wire (Lichtzeile) integrated in the vehicle interior space.
Typically such light conductors are embedded in an inner panel component of the vehicle, such as a door panel or an instrument panel, and extend there along a contour predetermined by the shaping of the inner panel component. Depending on the shaping of the instrument panel, the light guide must follow geometrically complex contours, which place high demands on the arrangement of the light-emitting diodes on the light guide, as well as on its production and installation.
It is therefore known from practice that light emitting diodes are to be mounted on flexible printed circuit boards, which are also referred to as flexible circuit boards. Which is capable of following the bending of the optical conductor, wherein only a limited bending radius is possible in terms of manufacturing technology. Because the demands on the shock resistance of the electrical or electronic components are also high in vehicles, the flexible circuit board must be additionally fixed, for example by bonding, for durability.
European patent application EP2317210A1 describes an extended LED lighting device. Also described is a method of simulating neon lighting using a light emitting diode device ("LED" device) in which a bar having grooves in the length direction is formed in a desired pattern, wherein the bar is made of a light-guidable material that is rigid and contains a light-diffusing material to produce light similar to neon light. After the stem cools, the light emitter is inserted into the groove of the stem in a direction substantially perpendicular to the length direction of the stem, wherein the light emitter comprises a plurality of light emitting diodes ("LEDs").
Furthermore, U.S. patent application 2015/024713A 1 discloses a light guide for an automobile.
German patent publication DE102012105252A1 discloses a contact rail system for the electronic connection and positioning of LED boards. This enables a quick connection of the LED board to the power supply at a freely selectable position on the fixed rail, wherein the power supply line of the power supply is located above the fixed rail. In order to produce the electrical contact, the contact pins are pressed by pressure against the LED board in the power line (6). For safety, the LED board can be fastened with an open rivet which can extend in the open rivet channel or with a screw to be screwed.
There is a desire to simply manufacture the light conductor as well as the circuit board and install it in a vehicle. It has also been shown that flexible circuit boards allow only limited versatility of variation in vehicles, as flexible circuit boards must be structurally complex to accommodate each vehicle variation.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a lighting device for a vehicle using a tool with a structure that is as simple as possible, which allows a simple and independent adaptation to differently configured light conductors with a high shock resistance.
This object is achieved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous further embodiments of the invention are given in the dependent claims, the description and the figures.
The lighting device according to the invention for interior lighting of a vehicle, in particular of a vehicle, has a curvedly formed flat or rod-shaped light conductor for dispersing the distribution of light, wherein in particular the rod can have a (ring-shaped) circular, elliptical or square cross section. In addition, a plurality of, that is, two or more light emitting diodes (light emitting diodes, abbreviated as LEDs) are provided. The light conductor and the light emitting diode are respectively placed into the housing surface of the light conductor for light incidence. The light guide can thus be used as a diffuser for the light emitting diode.
According to the invention, the LEDs are arranged on at least two, three, four or more up to a plurality of mutually different circuit boards. That is, the circuit boards are not connected to each other but formed separately from each other. Advantageously, however, the different circuit boards are common pieces that are identical but formed separately from each other. In this case, individual leds can also form a group of leds, wherein the groups of leds are arranged on different circuit boards. The different printed circuit boards are arranged at intervals on the optical conductor or on a row adjacent to the optical conductor, wherein the printed circuit boards are respectivelyIn contact with at least one electrical conductor guided along the row. I.e. the circuit board is in contact with the same electrical conductor in common, i.e. each. The electrical conductor has a positive or negative potential. However, it is desirable to provide first and second electrical conductors which are guided adjacently or in parallel, one of which is connected to the positive potential and the other to the negative potential. The nominal cross section of the electrical conductor is preferably 0.5mm 2 Preferably about 0.13mm 2 . A third conductor can also be guided along the row as a signal line, which conductor is provided for the transmission of PWM signals or for other control signals of the circuit board. It is furthermore possible that one circuit board in a row performs the main function of controlling the other circuit boards implemented as slaves (Slave). The circuit board can be fixed directly to the light conductor or to a light conductor support, for example a frame, which holds the light conductor itself and if necessary also the circuit board.
According to the invention, at least one electrical conductor is arranged on the photoconductor in a printing process. The optical conductor thus acts as a non-conductive substrate on which the electrical conductor is printed along its extension, so that the electrical conductor is arranged on the substrate, more precisely on the optical conductor.
In one embodiment, the electrical conductor can be configured in particular flat, i.e. its thickness is small compared to the length and width.
With these constructions, the invention enables the formation of a light wire, for example for use in a vehicle, wherein the light wire is also capable of following complex geometries, in particular the shape and contour of a space. Particularly in the case of arc-shaped inner panel parts of vehicles, such as door panels or dashboards having an arc shape, the light-emitting diodes or circuit boards with the light-emitting diodes arranged thereon are flexibly arranged along the electrical conductor and are in contact with the electrical conductor. Furthermore, a simple series connection of the stages of the lighting device is possible, since, depending on the requirements, a small number or a plurality of circuit boards are simply arranged in rows, which are in contact with at least one common electrical conductor with a positive or negative potential, respectively. With the allocation of individual leds or groups of leds by means of different circuit boards, the leds can be calibrated before they are mounted in the lamp wire. By means of different circuit boards, it is also possible to achieve different spacings between individual circuit boards in a row, so that the light distribution can be adapted to different bends. Furthermore, the invention does not use a circuit board of flexible construction, the so-called flexible circuit board, so that a high shock resistance is achieved by a circuit board that is rigid and of small construction, which ensures durability and kinetic energy safety during operation of the vehicle. These rigid circuit boards are also more economical than flexible circuit boards due to the simple mechanical design.
In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the light guide body is preferably a rigid light guide rod made of a transparent plastic material, with a circular, elliptical or square cross-section (of annular or semicircular shape), for example. The light-guiding rod may have a length of a few centimeters to one meter or a few meters. The plastic material is, for example, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), which can also be injection molded. Preferably, the light guide is arranged above the housing surface for the exit of light. For example, the housing surface can have a segmented edge to allow scattered light to exit. The rod shape enables a structurally simple integration of the wire-like structure and of the interior panel component of the vehicle, i.e. for example in the butt edges or seams of the cladding material or the leather cover. Thus creating a linear illumination surface that is ideally embedded in the inner panel component.
Furthermore, a coloring layer, in particular produced in a printing process, can also be arranged on the light conductor in order to avoid inhomogeneities in the light propagation and simultaneous or alternative reflection of the light emitted from the plurality of light-emitting diodes. The coloring layer can be arranged between the photoconductor and the at least one electrical conductor or alternatively mask the electrical conductor at the same time after printing of the electrical conductor. More than two coloring layers may be considered, which may also be arranged in combination. The colors (white, black, color) may be chosen according to the technology as well as according to aesthetic considerations.
The invention can be applied particularly advantageously when the light conductors have a three-dimensional shape, for example with more bends, along, i.e. in the direction of the rows in which the circuit board is formed. Because by simply changing the spacing between the circuit boards, different, i.e. separate, circuit boards can flexibly adapt to a bend or curve.
For visually attractive illumination it has proven advantageous to determine the spacing between the different circuit boards in a row at least in dependence on the degree of bending of the light conductor, wherein the higher the degree of bending the smaller the spacing and the lower the degree of bending the larger the spacing. That is, a strong bending or a small bending radius of the light conductor in this section results in a narrower arrangement of the different circuit boards from each other. In contrast, a weak bend or a large bending radius results in a more widely spaced arrangement of different circuit boards.
Depending on the shape of the light conductor and its curvature, it is advantageous if different, mutually separate circuit boards are arranged on the housing surface of the light conductor in a mutually displaced manner. That is, the rows are also formed helically, zigzagged, or the circuit boards are spaced apart from each other across the longitudinal direction of the photoconductor. This is particularly advantageous when the light guide is formed in a rod shape and has bends in different directions.
For the simple implementation of the optical conductor while maintaining high flexibility, it is advantageous if the printed circuit board has at least one, i.e. one or more preferably bifurcated cut-off crimp connectors on the flat side facing away from the optical conductor for contacting the electrical conductor. The cut-off crimp connector can be fixed as a planar mounted electrical contact to a circuit board, preferably by soldering, by means of SMT (surface mount technology) or by means of a plug-in packaging technology (through hole technology, THT for short). The cut-off crimp connector is connected via a line with one or more light emitting diodes or via its control electronics. In the cut-off crimp connector, the electrical conductor is simply pressed in according to the arrangement of the circuit board and is thereby in electrical contact with the circuit board. A circuit board the light emitting diodes and, if necessary, other structural elements arranged on the circuit board are supplied with electrical power by means of a power supply device.
For the structurally simple and economical production of the optical conductor and the simple installation of the electrical conductor, it has proven to be advantageous when the electrical conductor is a flexible strand or a flexible flat ribbon cable. It preferably has an insulating sheath that is simply cut off when pressed into one or more cut-off crimp connectors. For electrical insulation from adjacent vehicle components, the contact points can be covered by trim (Einfassung).
Alternatively, for a solid and possibly space-saving design, the electrical conductor can be installed as a strand, a woven wire mesh or as an electrically conductive coating into at least one conductor channel in or on the optical conductor, or in or on the optical conductor support, such as a frame holding the optical conductor. More specifically, the electrical conductor may not be formed with an insulating sheath, but as strands, woven wire mesh, encased in or embedded in the conductor channels, or as a coating applied on the surface of the conductor channels. The material of the wire, wire mesh or coating is preferably copper or copper plating. The conductor channels are preferably formed in a rail-like or channel-like manner with side walls. In addition, the electrical conductor can be inserted or embedded in the channel bed between the side walls. A conductive coating is understood to mean a printed electrical conductor. The conductive channels provide sidewalls for the ink so that the ink is not or less lost prior to curing.
For printed electrical conductors, the conductive channels are advantageously ribbed in the longitudinal direction or have a wave structure. Thereby enabling to reduce the loss of ink. In one embodiment, the conductor channels may have a shallow depth at the transition to the grooves, or dams, to better retain the ink in the conductor channels before curing or sintering, and thereby produce thicker electrical conductors, i.e. electrical conductors with a larger cross-section. Loss or outflow of ink will be avoided. A combination of wave structures and dams is also possible. In this case, the wave structure is at most about 50% of the high point of the dam.
For simple installation of the lighting device, it is advantageous if the printed circuit board has at least one contact pin on the flat side facing the light conductor, which contact pin protrudes from the electrical conductor, i.e. protrudes from the printed circuit board surface, for contacting the electrical conductor. The contact pins can be soldered, for example, and can also be inserted into the base body of the circuit board, if desired.
In order to simply insert the contact pin into the conductive channel, the contact pin is formed to protrude into the conductive channel. The circuit board can thus be simply plugged onto the light conductor or the light conductor support via the pin and also displaced along the conductor channel and aligned along the row towards a determined position. The contact pin is formed, for example, in a cylindrical shape, wherein the outer diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of the conductor channel. However, other cross sections are possible. Desirably, the outer diameter of the contact pin is at least slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the conductor channel.
For a particularly high shock resistance of the lighting device, it is advantageous if the contact pin is pressed into the conductor channel. The conductor channel can, for example, have a projection which narrows the conductor channel laterally, i.e. projects from the side wall toward the inside, into which projection the contact pin is pressed.
For a permanently secure contact and, if appropriate, for the fastening of the circuit board to the light guide or the light guide support, it is advantageous if the conductor channel has at least one holding element for fastening at least one contact pin.
The idea of the present invention can also be implemented by a manufacturing method. The method of manufacturing a lighting device for a vehicle according to the invention comprises at least the steps of providing a light conductor, arranging a plurality of light emitting diodes on or in close proximity to the light conductor, and printing at least one electrical conductor.
In the arranging step, a plurality of light emitting diodes are arranged on the photo-conductor at intervals from each other or in a row next to the photo-conductor. The light emitting diode is arranged to cause light to be incident into the housing surface of the light guide. At least one electrical conductor is printed on the photoconductor during the printing step. The printed electrical conductor then contacts at least one light-emitting diode or a circuit board on which the light-emitting diode is arranged. If the light emitting diode is arranged on a circuit board, conductive tracks are provided on the circuit board, which establish electrical contact of the light emitting diode by means of contact points with the electrical conductors.
Printing of at least one electrical conductor is achieved by means of a printing process, for example by means of intaglio printing, offset printing or flexography. Screen printing (Siebdruckverfahren) is also contemplated. Particularly preferred for the present invention is the inkjet printing process (inkjetdrunckverfahren), which is also known as the inkjet printing process (tintertrahldbrunckverfahren). In the case of an inkjet printing process, a fluid medium, for example a pigment, can also be referred to as ink, is applied to a substrate, in particular in the form of drops, for example with a plurality of nozzles, which are preferably used simultaneously. The fluid pigment may be in the form of a solution, dispersion or suspension. The pigment is electrically conductive. As possible pigments, other colloidal metal solutions, in particular silver-based inks (silbertite), or Nano-based inks (Nano-Ink), which contain, for example, carbon nanotubes as conductive means, can also be considered. The pigment can be cured after being printed onto the substrate, for example before the application of further layers, for example by means of heat and/or UV radiation.
The printing process can also include a sintering process.
Optionally, the light conductor has a groove or cutout in which the electrical conductor can be arranged. Whereby the thickness of the electrical conductor can be increased more easily. In addition, other materials can be used, since the material for the electrical conductor introduced into the recess or cutout is guided correspondingly until sintering or curing.
The electrical conductor can have a conductive material such as copper, silver, gold, platinum, to name a few.
The thickness of the coated conductor sections can be varied in a simple manner, for example by printing a thick colored layer or coating a plurality of thin colored layers, so that the cross-sectional thicknesses of the first and second conductor sections can be determined at will in a simple manner. Thereby also thick conductor sections can be printed.
In the printing step, at least one electrical conductor is electrically and mechanically connected to at least one light emitting diode.
In the arranging step, the light emitting diode can be clamped in a recess of the light conductor, connected to the light conductor in an adhesive process, or in another way realized that the light emitting diode is fixed on the light conductor. For example, a stop means can be provided in the light guide body on the side wall of the recess, which stop means firmly hold the light emitting diode in a predetermined position after the light emitting diode has been arranged.
Combinations of printed conductors and interposer conductors are also contemplated, as described above.
Optionally, an adhesion step is provided. Here, after printing at least one electrical conductor, a conductive adhesive is additionally applied to electrically connect the electrical contact points of the light emitting diode with the printed electrical conductor. Advantageously, the light-emitting diode is thereby also fixed to the light conductor.
In order to avoid non-uniformity in light propagation or reflection of light emitted from the light emitting diode, a coloring layer can be arranged on a side of the light guide. The coloring layer can be arranged between the photoconductor and the electrical conductor or cover the electrical conductor. The two variants described above with respect to the arrangement of the coloured layers can also be combined. The use of a coloring layer also enables electrical insulation of the electrical conductor at the same time. In one embodiment, the colored layer is a film (Folie). Alternatively, a coloring layer can be applied in the printing step.
The combination of printed electrical conductors with Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) and other electrical and electronic components achieves: when all components and light emitting diodes are arranged on the light conductor and the connection of the circuit pattern is conformed via printed wiring or electrical conductors, the circuit board is omitted entirely.
Drawings
Advantageous embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein is shown:
fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a lighting device according to a first exemplary embodiment, which has a light conductor and a light-emitting diode arranged on the light conductor;
fig. 2 shows a schematic top view of a lighting device according to a first embodiment, with a light conductor and a light-emitting diode arranged on the light conductor;
fig. 3 shows a lighting device according to a second embodiment in a schematic side view, with a light conductor and a light emitting diode arranged on the light conductor;
fig. 4 shows, in a schematic perspective view, a lighting device according to a second embodiment, which has a light conductor and a light-emitting diode arranged on the light conductor;
fig. 5 shows a schematic perspective view of a lighting device according to a further embodiment, having a light conductor and a light-emitting diode arranged on the light conductor;
fig. 6 shows a schematic side view of a lighting device according to a further embodiment, having a light conductor and a light-emitting diode arranged on the light conductor and a printed electrical conductor;
fig. 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a lighting device according to a further embodiment, having a light conductor and a light-emitting diode arranged on the light conductor and a printed electrical conductor; and
fig. 8 is a flow chart of a manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
List of reference marks
1. Lighting device
2. Light conductor (e.g. light guide rod)
3. Shell surfaces (e.g. peripheral surfaces)
4. Multiple circuit boards
5. Multiple Light Emitting Diodes (LED)
6. Electrical conductor/conductors
7. Conductor channel
8. Contact elements (e.g. cylindrical contact pins)
9. Clamping element
10. Cutting press-connection connector
11. Positioning pin
12. Signal line
13. Concave part
14. Conductive adhesive
15. Coloring layer
S1 providing step
S2 arrangement step
S3 printing step
R longitudinal direction
U circumferential direction
Detailed Description
The drawings are merely schematic representations, and serve to illustrate the invention. Identical or similar elements are consistently provided with the same reference numerals.
Fig. 1 shows an illumination device 1 for a vehicle in a first embodiment, which is particularly suitable for interior illumination of a vehicle. For example, it is possible to thereby realize a backlight line of an inner panel part of a vehicle.
The lighting device 1 has a curvedly formed light conductor 2, here a light conductor rod having a semicircular cross section, which is further divided into a flat section (not further shown) and a circular section (not further shown). The light conductor 2 is made of a transparent, translucent synthetic material by using an injection molding process, wherein the synthetic material used here is PMMA. The light conductor 2 here has a plurality of bends with at least partly mutually different degrees of bending to follow the geometry or contour of the inner plate member.
A plurality of circuit boards 4, which are formed separately from one another, are arranged on the housing surface 3 of the optical waveguide 2, wherein these circuit boards are arranged in flat sections in order to be able to be fastened to the optical waveguide 2 in a better manner. Seven circuit boards 4 are shown here by way of example, wherein two or even more circuit boards 4 may also be provided, depending on the length and/or the requirements of the light conductor 2. The circuit boards 4 are arranged in a row along the longitudinal direction R of the optical conductor 2. As can be seen from fig. 1, the different circuit boards 4 arranged in a row have an independent spacing from one another, here exemplified by d 1 To d 6 These intervals are shown. The spacing is determined in particular by the degree of bending of the optical conductor 2, wherein a higher degree of bending, i.e. a stronger bending, results in a smaller spacing between the different circuit boards 4. Conversely, if the bending is weaker, the spacing d is larger.
Furthermore, the circuit board 4 has a plurality of light-emitting diodes 5, which are arranged in a scattered manner on different circuit boards 4. Furthermore, electrical and/or electronic components (not shown) for controlling the light emitting diodes 5 are attached to the circuit board 4. A plurality of individual light emitting diodes 5 are combined into a light emitting diode group according to the need and arranged on a single circuit board 4. The light-emitting diodes 5 are here embodied in polychromatic fashion as so-called RGB light-emitting diodes to emit red, green and blue colors and mixed colors. The present embodiment relates to a circuit board 4 and a number of light-emitting diodes 5, which are identical to one another. The circuit board 4 is formed by a substantially rigid matrix and is thus shock-resistant.
The circuit board 4 and the light emitting diodes 5 arranged thereon are arranged along the light guide body 2 such that light entry into the light guide body 2 and light exit from the light guide body 2 are achieved via the housing surface 3. For this purpose, the light guide body 2 has, for example, a recess in the flat section, into which the light-emitting diode 5 protrudes at least partially. Light exit occurs mainly on a circular section whose apex is opposite to the flat section.
Electrical conductors 6 (see fig. 2) can only be seen to a limited extent in fig. 1, which are guided along rows of circuit boards 4. In this embodiment, the electrical conductor 6 is introduced into the conductor channel 7 (see fig. 2) of the optical conductor 2 as a copper coating or copper layer, the layer thickness of which depends on the power consumption of the light emitting diode 5. Guiding electrical conductors 6 along the row of light emitting diodes 5 enables electrical contacting of electrical conductors 6 which are independent with respect to the distance d from each other and at least largely freely configurable. As can also be seen from fig. 1, the circuit board 4 has a plurality of contact pins 8 on its flat side facing the optical conductor, which contact pins 8 are inserted into the conductor channels 7 in order to contact the electrical conductor 6.
Fig. 2 shows a top view of a partial section of the light guide body 2. As can be seen from the figure, the flat section of the housing surface 3 of the optical conductor 2 has two conductor channels 7 arranged parallel to each other, both conductor channels 7 having an electrically conductive copper layer for forming the electrical conductor 6. For supplying power to the different circuit boards 4, one conductor channel 7 is electrically connected to a positive potential (not shown) and the other conductor channel 7 is electrically connected to a negative potential (not shown). The conductor channels 7 each have two side walls between which an electrical conductor 6 of the channel bed type is introduced. In fig. 2, it is also evident that the clamping element 9 protrudes laterally from the side wall of the conductor channel into the channel interior. As shown, a clamping element 9 is provided for receiving and for crimping the cylindrical contact pin 8. As the elastic element, the holding element 9 is formed with two spring-like elastic members like leaf springs and is pre-pressurized in the direction toward the inside of the channel. So that the contact pins 8 can be crimped in the clamping element 9 by mutual compression of the elastic parts.
In fig. 3a second embodiment of the lighting device 1 is shown. In order to avoid repetition, only features different from the foregoing embodiments are described below.
As shown in fig. 3, the electrical conductors 3 are not introduced or embedded into the optical conductor 2 here, but are guided apart from the optical conductor 2 along the circuit board 4 arranged in a row. In this embodiment, electrical conductor 6 is embodied as a flexible strand or a flat ribbon cable, which is particularly well adapted to the bending of optical conductor 2.
As is also known in fig. 3, the electrical conductors 3 are guided along rows of the circuit board 4 on a flat side of the circuit board 4 facing away from the optical conductors 2. I.e. the circuit board 4 is arranged between the electrical conductor 6 and the optical conductor 2. For the electrical contacting of the electrical conductor 6, a cut-off crimp connector 10 is arranged on the flat side of the circuit board 4 facing away from the optical conductor 2, into which cut-off crimp connector 10 the electrical conductor 6 is pressed or compressed by cutting off its insulating coating and is thereby held. Ideally, circuit board 4 is first attached to optical conductor 2 and then electrical conductor 6 is pressed into cut crimp connector 10.
On the flat side of the circuit board 4 facing the light conductor 2, cylindrical positioning pins 11 are arranged, which are not used here as contact pins, but are used only for fastening to the light conductor 2. For example, they are pressed into a circular recess of the optical conductor 2 or into one or more fixing channels like the conductor channel 7, thereby holding the circuit board 4 on the optical conductor 2. The fixing channel can also have a clamping element 9.
Fig. 4 shows a partial section of the optical conductor 2 in a perspective view, it being apparent from fig. 4 that on the flat side of the circuit board 4 facing away from the optical conductor 2, more than two cut-off crimp connectors 10 for the electrical potentials of different electrical conductors 6 are arranged. Further, a third cut-off crimp connector 10 for contacting a flexible signal line 12 is provided, via which signal line 12 the control of the circuit board 4, i.e. the light emitting diode 5, is effected.
Fig. 5 shows a partial section of the optical conductor 2, wherein here two different circuit boards 4 are displaced from one another in the circumferential direction U of the housing surface 3. This is easily achieved based on flexible electrical conductor 6 and flexible signal line 12. It is known that the outer edges of the circuit board 4 are not aligned but on parallel lines that are displaced from each other. This twisted arrangement, i.e. shifted in the circumferential direction U, enables a good adaptation of the light incidence to the light conductor 2.
According to the illustrated embodiment, the lighting device 1 can be modified in various ways. For example, it is possible for the contact pin 8 to be pressed into the conductor channel 7, wherein two joints are provided for the press fit (presspass). Thereby enabling the clamping element 9 to be omitted. It is also conceivable to form not only two but three conductor paths 7, of which two conductor paths 7 are connected to the potential and the third conductor path 7 is connected to the signal transmitter for signal transmission, for example for controlling the light-emitting diode 5. With correspondingly shaped forming tools, it is also possible to form the optical conductor 2 with conductor channels 7 extending helically or zigzag along the housing surface 3, so that the circuit boards 4 can be arranged shifted from one another in the circumferential direction.
Fig. 6 shows the lighting device 1 in a side view according to an embodiment of the invention. The side view shows a longitudinal section through the light conductor 2. The light conductor 2 has two recesses 13, and the light emitting diodes 5 are each arranged in a recess. In which the light-emitting diodes 5 shown on the left in fig. 6 are arranged on the circuit board 4, the light-emitting diodes 5 shown on the right are directly accommodated in the recesses 13, and the electronic components or power supply modules required for this purpose are arranged separately on the light-guiding body 2 and are connected to the light-emitting diodes 5 (shown on the right) via printed electrical conductors 6. The light emitting diode 5 will be in contact with an electrical conductor 6 imprinted on the optical conductor 2. The electrical and mechanical connection between the light-emitting diode 5 and the electrical conductor 6 is reinforced by means of a conductive adhesive 14 which is arranged at the transition between the two, i.e. applied to the light-emitting diode 5 in the region where the light-emitting diode 5 is connected to the electrical conductor 6 or to the circuit board 4 connected to the light-emitting diode. The conductive adhesive 14 completes the electrical and mechanical connection with the optical conductor 2.
At the electrical conductor 6 shown on the right, a coloring layer 15 is arranged between the optical conductor 2 and the electrical conductor 6. In one embodiment, the colored layer 15 is formed to be electrically insulating. The coloring layer 15 is applied, for example, in a printing process (Druckverfahren).
Fig. 7 shows a cross-sectional view through a lighting device 1 according to an embodiment of the invention. The distinctly printed electrical conductor 6 is arranged in a conductor channel 7 formed as a recess or cutout. By means of this design, the necessary thickness for electrical conductor 6 in cross section can be achieved (electrically conductive) despite the fact that the ink is initially in the liquid state. The ink is held in a predetermined position by the conductive path 7 until cured.
Fig. 8 shows a flow chart of a manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the invention. The method has at least three steps: providing S1, arranging S2 and printing S3. By means of the above-described method, a lighting device for a vehicle, in particular for interior lighting, is produced. In the providing step S1, a photoconductor will be provided. In the arrangement step S2, a plurality of light emitting diodes are arranged on or next to the photo conductor, and then in the printing step S3 at least one electrical conductor is printed on the photo conductor, whereby the light emitting diodes are in contact with at least one electrical conductor.
Optionally, the printing step S3 comprises a sub-step of sintering or (localized) heating (Unterschritt), for example by using UV radiation. Thus, the conductive "ink" is cured.
Optionally, the method has an adhesion step S4. In an optional bonding step S4, after the printing step S3, at least one electrical conductor is electrically connected to at least one of the light emitting diodes by means of a conductive adhesive using electrical contacts.
In a particular embodiment, the method comprises an optional step S5 of embossing a coloured layer. The printing step S5 can be performed before, during or after the printing step S3 of at least one electrical conductor. In a preferred embodiment the coloured layer is non-conductive. The colored layer is, for example, white, black, or a color of desired ambient illumination, such as red, blue, or green. Whereby the coloured layer optionally has a high reflectivity, for example by means of metal particles contained therein. Non-uniformities in the light propagation of the light emitted from the light emitting diode will be avoided by the coloring layer.
Claims (17)
1. A lighting device (1) for a vehicle, comprising:
-a bent, flat or rod-shaped light conductor (2); and
a plurality of light emitting diodes (5),
wherein the light guide (2) and the light emitting diode (5) are arranged for light to be incident into a housing surface (3) of the light guide (2),
the light-emitting diodes (5) are arranged in rows on the light guide body (2) or in the immediate vicinity of the light guide body (2) at intervals from each other, the light-emitting diodes (5) are fixed with the light guide body (2),
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the light-emitting diodes (5) each contact at least one electrical conductor (6), which is guided along a row and is produced in a printing process,
the LEDs (5) are arranged on at least two different printed circuit boards (4), the at least two different printed circuit boards (4) being arranged at a distance from each other in a row on the light guide body (2) or in close proximity to the light guide body (2), and the spacing (d, d) between the different printed circuit boards (4) in a row being defined at least in dependence on the degree of bending of the light guide body (2) 1 -d 6 ) Wherein the higher the degree of bending, the more the spacing (d, d 1 -d 6 ) The smaller the bending degree, and the larger the interval.
2. The lighting device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the circuit board (4) is arranged on the housing surface (3) of the light conductor (2) in a spiral form in mutually displaced rows.
3. The lighting device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the circuit board (4) is arranged on the housing surface (3) of the light conductor (2) in a Z-shaped row displaced from each other.
4. A lighting device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the light guide body (2) is a light guide rod made of a transparent plastic material.
5. A lighting device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that between the electrical conductor (6) made in the printing process and the optical conductor (2) or above the electrical conductor (6), a coloured layer (15) made in the printing process is arranged to avoid inhomogeneities in the light propagation of the light emitted from a plurality of the light emitting diodes (5).
6. A lighting device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the circuit board (4) has at least one cut-off crimp connector (10) for contacting the electrical conductor (6) on the flat side facing away from the optical conductor (2).
7. A lighting device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical conductor (6) is introduced as a coating in at least one conductor channel (7) in or on the optical conductor (2) or in or on an optical conductor holder.
8. A lighting device (1) for a vehicle, comprising:
-a bent, flat or rod-shaped light conductor (2); and
a plurality of light emitting diodes (5),
wherein the light guide (2) and the light emitting diode (5) are arranged for light to be incident into a housing surface (3) of the light guide (2),
the light-emitting diodes (5) are arranged in rows on the light guide body (2) or in the immediate vicinity of the light guide body (2) at intervals from each other, the light-emitting diodes (5) are fixed with the light guide body (2),
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the light emitting diodes (5) each contact at least one electrical conductor (6) which is guided along a row and is a flexible strand, a flexible flat ribbon cable or a woven wire mesh,
the LEDs (5) are arranged at least two timesOn a plurality of different circuit boards (4), the at least two different circuit boards (4) are arranged on the light conductor (2) or in a row next to the light conductor (2) at a distance from each other, and the spacing (d, d) between the different circuit boards (4) in a row is defined at least in dependence on the degree of bending of the light conductor (2) 1 -d 6 ) Wherein the higher the degree of bending, the more the spacing (d, d 1 -d 6 ) The smaller the bending degree, and the larger the interval.
9. A lighting device (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the electrical conductor (6) is introduced in at least one conductor channel (7) in or on the light conductor (2) or in or on a light conductor holder.
10. A lighting device (1) according to claim 7 or 9, characterized in that the circuit board (4) has at least one contact pin (8) protruding from the flat side towards the light conductor (2) for contacting the electrical conductor (6).
11. A lighting device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the contact pin (8) is formed for protruding into the conductor channel (7).
12. A lighting device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the contact pin (8) is pressed into the conductor channel (7).
13. A method for manufacturing a lighting device (1) for a vehicle, the method comprising the steps of:
-providing (S1) a bent, flat or rod-shaped light conductor (2);
-an arrangement (S2) of a plurality of light emitting diodes (5) on or in close proximity to the light guide (2) in such a way that the light emitting diodes (5) are arranged in such a way that light is incident into the housing surface (3) of the light guide (2);
-printing (S3) at least one electrical conductor (6) along a row on said optical conductor (2) such that said light emitting diode (5) is contacted by at least one of said electrical conductors (6),
wherein the light-emitting diodes (5) are arranged on at least two different printed circuit boards (4), which at least two different printed circuit boards (4) are arranged on the light guide body (2) or in a row next to the light guide body (2) at a distance from each other,
and defining the spacing (d, d) between different circuit boards (4) in a row at least in dependence on the degree of bending of the light guide body (2) 1 -d 6 ) Wherein the higher the degree of bending, the more the spacing (d, d 1 -d 6 ) The smaller the bending degree, and the larger the interval.
14. A method according to claim 13, characterized in that the circuit board (4) is arranged on the housing surface (3) of the light conductor (2) in a helically formed row displaced from each other.
15. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the circuit boards (4) are arranged on the housing surface (3) of the light conductor (2) in a Z-shaped row displaced from each other.
16. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, further comprising an adhesion step, wherein, after printing, the at least one electrical conductor (6) is electrically connected to at least one of the light emitting diodes (5) by means of an electrically conductive adhesive (14) through an electrical contact point.
17. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, further comprising the step of printing a colored layer (15) on the light conductor (2) before and/or after the printing step to avoid non-uniformities in the light propagation of the light emitted from the plurality of light emitting diodes (5).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015119109 | 2015-11-06 | ||
| DE102015119109.1 | 2015-11-06 |
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| CN107013857A CN107013857A (en) | 2017-08-04 |
| CN107013857B true CN107013857B (en) | 2023-12-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610973725.8A Active CN107013857B (en) | 2015-11-06 | 2016-11-04 | Lighting device for vehicle and manufacturing method of lighting device |
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| CN (1) | CN107013857B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102016121047B4 (en) |
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| DE102017211659A1 (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-01-10 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Lighting unit for a vehicle and method for its manufacture |
| DE102020134419A1 (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2022-06-23 | Hib Trim Part Solutions Gmbh | Illuminatable decorative part with a molded part with a light strip arranged on the back and method for producing the decorative part |
| CN112747284A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-05-04 | 深圳市银宝山新科技股份有限公司 | Rhythm product and manufacturing process thereof |
| DE102022127235A1 (en) | 2022-10-18 | 2024-04-18 | HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA | Lighting device for vehicles |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102016121047A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 |
| DE102016121047B4 (en) | 2021-07-01 |
| CN107013857A (en) | 2017-08-04 |
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