CN107008742A - A kind of method for accelerating remedying oil-polluted soils - Google Patents
A kind of method for accelerating remedying oil-polluted soils Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to contaminated soil remediation technical field, a kind of method for accelerating remedying oil-polluted soils is specifically disclosed.Comprise the following steps：Inoculated and cultured bacterial-feeding nematodes, the bacterial-feeding nematodes after being tamed on petroleum concentration gradually increased nematode growth media flat board；Organic matter is added into oil-polluted soils, is uniformly mixed, the organic matter addition is the 0.5 1% of oil-polluted soils quality；Bacterial-feeding nematodes after the domestication are inoculated with into the oil-polluted soils that with the addition of organic matter, using the microorganism in bacterial-feeding nematodes, organic matter and oil-polluted soils, soil repaired.This method is repaired to oil-polluted soils, it is simple and convenient, it is easy to implement, addition organic matter can improve the microbial environment of soil, organic matter and bacterial-feeding nematodes collective effect, accelerate the petroleum concentration of reduction contaminated soil, recycle the method for the invention, the effect of purification soil can be effectively acted as, the recycling of living again of contaminated soil is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to contaminated soil remediation technical field, and in particular to a kind of side of quickening remedying oil-polluted soils
Method.
Background technology
Soil nematodes is one of major function monoid of soil animal, is metazoa the abundantest in soil, extensively
In the soil for being distributed in various habitats, quantity is up to 7.6 × 105-9.2×106/m2.Soil nematodes is broadly divided into by trophic group
4 major classes：Bacterial-feeding nematodes, Fungal-feeding nematode, herbivore nematode and omnivorous nematode is caught, wherein bacterial-feeding nematodes are in farmland ecosystem
In quantity account for more than 60%, it is higher in the ratio of rhizosphere soil, up to 90% or so, have in soil ecosystem important
Ecological functions.
At present, the domestic phytoremediation carried out and microorganism remediation contaminated soil have had more research, but on animal
The research of repairing polluted soil is relatively seldom.And correlative study shows that the ecological functions of bacterial-feeding nematodes not only include itself generation
Thank, also including by taking food microorganism, stimulating the change of the quantity, activity and structure of community of edaphon, and add in soil
Plus biomass carbon can improve the activity of Soil Microorganism, but function about bacterial-feeding nematodes in oil-polluted soils and its with
Influence of the interaction to soil oil degradation between microorganism is also indefinite.In order to the biological prosthetic of oil-polluted soils
New way provides preliminary scientific basis, and the research using animal material repairing polluted soil is necessary.
The content of the invention
For in the prior art on animal reparation contaminated soil research it is relatively seldom the problem of there is provided one kind accelerate repair
Oil-polluted soils are repaired by the method for multiple oil-polluted soils, simple and convenient, it is easy to implement, and adding organic matter can be with
Improve the microbial environment of soil, organic matter and bacterial-feeding nematodes collective effect, accelerate the petroleum concentration of reduction contaminated soil, follow
Ring uses the method for the invention, can effectively act as the effect of purification soil, realizes the recycling of living again of contaminated soil.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of method for accelerating remedying oil-polluted soils, comprises the following steps：
（1）The inoculated and cultured bacterial-feeding nematodes on petroleum concentration gradually increased nematode growth media flat board, are obtained after domestication
Bacterial-feeding nematodes；
（2）Organic matter is added into oil-polluted soils, is uniformly mixed；The organic matter addition is oil-polluted soils
The 0.5-1% of quality；
（3）Bacterial-feeding nematodes after the domestication are inoculated with into the oil-polluted soils that with the addition of organic matter, bacterial-feeding nematodes enter
Enter oil-polluted soils, soil is repaired.
Further, in addition to determination step（4）, i.e., the relevant parameter of soil after reparation is measured, checking food is thin
Reparation state of the bacterium nematode to oil-polluted soils repair ability and soil.
Further, the oil-polluted soils add 5-20 bar bacterial-feeding nematodes in terms of dry ground in every gram of dry ground.
Further, the oil-polluted soils add 5 bacterial-feeding nematodes in terms of dry ground in every gram of dry ground.
Further, the organic matter addition is the 1% of oil-polluted soils quality.
Further, the organic matter includes one kind in stalk, rapeseed cake or charcoal.
Further, the size-reduced processing of the stalk, rapeseed cake, thing charcoal and the processing of 2 mm sieves excessively are made.
Further, the bacterial-feeding nematodes after the domestication, which are, to be 10 gL in petroleum concentration-1Grown on culture medium
Bacterial-feeding nematodes.
Further, the bacterial-feeding nematodes are pattern nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans。
It is using the beneficial effect produced by above-mentioned technical proposal：A kind of quickening remedying oil-polluted soils of the present invention
Oil-polluted soils are repaired by method, simple and convenient, it is easy to implemented, and addition organic matter can improve the microorganism of soil
Environment, organic matter and bacterial-feeding nematodes collective effect, accelerate the petroleum concentration of reduction contaminated soil, recycle of the present invention
Method, can effectively act as the effect of purification soil, realize the recycling of living again of contaminated soil.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is bacterial-feeding nematodes number change block diagram in culture period in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that organic matter influences block diagram with bacterial-feeding nematodes on oil-polluted soils repairing effect in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that organic matter influences block diagram with bacterial-feeding nematodes on soil microbes biomass carbon in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is organic matter and influence block diagram of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to soil base respiration in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is organic matter and influence block diagram of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to soil respiration entropy in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is that organic matter influences block diagram with bacterial-feeding nematodes on soil fluorescein hydrolytic enzyme activities in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is organic matter and influence block diagram of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to dehydrogenase activity in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is organic matter and influence block diagram of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to catalase activity in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is organic matter and influence block diagram of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to urease activity in the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is organic matter and influence block diagram of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to sucrase active in the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 is organic matter and influence post of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to edaphon phosphatide fatty acid total amount in the embodiment of the present invention
Shape figure；
Figure 12 be in the embodiment of the present invention organic matter and bacterial-feeding nematodes to gram-positive bacteria in soil, Gram-negative bacteria,
Bacterium, the influence block diagram of fungi/bacterial biomass；
Figure 13 be in the embodiment of the present invention organic matter with bacterial-feeding nematodes to actinomyces, eukaryotic microorganisms, fungi, Cong Zhi in soil
The influence block diagram of mycorrhiza fungus biological amount；
In figure, FSP- high-temperature sterilization oil-polluted soils；S- kills nematode soil；The oil pollution of SP-5.0g oil/kg dry ground
Soil；+ 5 bacterial-feeding nematodes g of oil-polluted soils of SPN-5.0g oil/kg dry ground-1Dry ground；SPNW-5.0g oil/kg
+ 5 bacterial-feeding nematodes g of oil-polluted soils of dry ground-1The stalk of dry ground+1%；The oil of SPNC-5.0g oil/kg dry ground
+ 5 bacterial-feeding nematodes g of contaminated soil-1The rapeseed cake of dry ground+1%；The oil-polluted soils of SPNB-5.0g oil/kg dry ground+
5 bacterial-feeding nematodes g-1The charcoal of dry ground+1%.There is significant difference between different letter expression processing.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
The present invention uses manual simulation's oil-polluted soils, and different organic matters are added into oil-polluted soils, are inoculated
The patience bacterial-feeding nematodes of culture are tamed, using the microorganism in bacterial-feeding nematodes, organic matter and oil-polluted soils, to soil
Repaired.
Selected organic matter includes one kind in stalk, rapeseed cake or charcoal, and the stalk is ripe crops cauline leaf
（Fringe）Partial general name, is often referred to wheat, paddy rice, corn, potato class, rape, cotton, sugarcane and other crops（It is usually thick
Grain）Remainder after harvest seed.The photosynthetic product of crops has more than half to be present in stalk, and stalk is rich in
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and organic matter etc. are a kind of with multiduty reproducible living resources；The rapeseed cake is through high temperature
Processing is formed, nontoxic, tasteless, and comprehensively, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio are suitable for nutrient, and the content of organic matter is high；The charcoal is that biology has
Machine material（Biomass）In anoxic or anoxybiotic environment, the solid product generated after high temperature pyrolysis.High-quality energy can be used as
Source, soil conditioner；Stalk, rapeseed cake or the size-reduced processing of charcoal and the processing of 2 mm sieves excessively, are mixed with oil-polluted soils
More fully, abundant organic matter is provided for soil remediation.
The domestication of bacterial-feeding nematodes：The bacterial-feeding nematodes of some surface sterilizations are inoculated in nematode culture medium, are put into
Culture is enlarged in 22 DEG C of constant incubators, by 1 month incubation time, selection nematode population was optimal and active best
Culture dish, on the nematode growth media flat board that its turn is inoculated into addition oil, and step up nematode growth media
In petroleum concentration to 2 gL-1、4 g·L-1、8 g·L-1With 10 gL-1.Final tame out can be 10 in petroleum concentration
g·L-1The bacterial-feeding nematodes grown on culture medium, survival ability of the bacterial-feeding nematodes in oil-polluted soils after domestication is more
By force, the ability of its remedying oil-polluted soils is made also to be obviously improved.
In order to be further understood from a kind of method for accelerating remedying oil-polluted soils of the present invention, with reference to specific implementation
Example is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
1 experimental section
1.1 experiment material
For examination soil：Soil is picked up from Anhui Province and county, chooses large particulate matter in soil, rejects stone, and gravel, plant is residual
Body, crosses 2mm sieves, is put into -26 DEG C of refrigerator freezings three days, then is transferred to one week of culture in 22 DEG C of bio-incubators, using repeatedly
Freeze-thaw method, multigelation 5-7 times kills the nematode being originally present in soil.Nematode is separated with tray method, until being without nematode
Only.
For examination oil：The crude crude oil of experiment, petroleum crude oil derives from Sinopec Jin Nan oil fields, and it is managed substantially
Changing property is：Colloid, asphalitine total content 8.4%, ground relative density are 871.4 kgm3 (25 DEG C), freezing point is 26.8
DEG C, ground viscosity is 18.7 mPas (60 DEG C), wax content 24.7%.
The preparation of oil-polluted soils：Manual simulation's contaminated soil, petroleum crude oil is completely dissolved with acetone, is slowly added into
For in examination soil, fully mixing, being positioned in fume hood, do not stop stirring, after after complete volatilization, contaminated soil is killed into line with remaining
Soil is mixed, and it is 5.0 gkg to make petroleum contaminated soil concentration-1。
The bacterial-feeding nematodes that this experiment is used are pattern nematodes：Caenorhabditis elegans, using monoculture
Method, the enrichment culturing at 22 DEG C is inoculated on culture medium by nematode.In order to reduce experimental error, it is to avoid bacterial-feeding nematodes itself
The microorganism pollution experiment soil of carrying is, it is necessary to which the processing that carried out disinfection to the nematode of enrichment culturing, thimerosal is 0.002% unwrapping wire
The antibiotic mixing of bacterium ketone and 0.1% streptomycin sulphate.
1.2 experimental design
7 kinds of processing are set：
FSP- high-temperature sterilization oil-polluted soils；
S- kills nematode soil；
The oil-polluted soils of SP-5.0g oil/kg dry ground；
+ 5 bacterial-feeding nematodes g of oil-polluted soils of SPN-5.0g oil/kg dry ground-1Dry ground；
+ 5 bacterial-feeding nematodes g of oil-polluted soils of SPNW-5.0g oil/kg dry ground-1The stalk of dry ground+1%；
+ 5 bacterial-feeding nematodes g of oil-polluted soils of SPNC-5.0g oil/kg dry ground-1The rapeseed cake of dry ground+1%；
+ 5 bacterial-feeding nematodes g of oil-polluted soils of SPNB-5.0g oil/kg dry ground-1The charcoal of dry ground+1%.
Wherein, because the water content of different soils is different, therefore soil is converted into calculating oil and food bacterium line after dry ground
The amount of worm, for example："+5 bacterial-feeding nematodes g of oil-polluted soils of SPN-5.0 g oil/kg dry ground-1Dry ground " is meant
" pollution concentration of oil is that the oil addition of every kilogram of dry ground is 5.0 g oil, i.e. 5.0 g oil/kg dry ground, Ran Houtian
Plus the quantity of bacterial-feeding nematodes be every gram of dry ground of 5 nematodes, that is, 5 nematodes, i.e., 5 food bacteriums are added in every gram of dry ground
Nematode g-1Dry ground ".
Soil is sub-packed in 250 mL triangular flasks, altogether 168 triangular flasks, every bottle of soil loading amount is equivalent to 120 g dry ground
Weight, water content is adjusted to the 50% of saturation moisture content.In whole sterile working, every gram of dry ground for handling SPN, SPNW, SPNC and SPNB
5 nematodes are added, and processing SPNW, SPNC and SPNB are separately added into 1% stalk, 1% rapeseed cake and 1% charcoal, and 22
It is incubated at DEG C.This experiment is destructive sampling, and experiment sampling every time randomly selects six processing, each four weights of processing
It is multiple.Nematode population, oil residual concentration, edaphon life the 0th, in 7,14,28,56,112,168 days sampling analysis soil
Object amount carbon, soil base respiration, soil respiration entropy, microbial enzymatic activities and structure of soil microbial community.
1.3 assay method
1.3.1 microbes biomass carbon assay：
- K is fumigated using Vance and Joergensen chloroform2SO4Extraction method, by micro- in TOC analysis-e/or determining leaching liquors
Biotinylated biomolecule amount carbon, the conversion coefficient of microbes biomass carbon is 0.38.
1.3.2 soil base respiration assay：
Soil base respiration uses gas Chromatographic Determination.
1.3.3 the measure of soil petrochina content
Soil oil residual concentration is determined using ultrasonic extraction-microtitration assay.
1.3.4 the measure of edaphon enzymatic activity
(1) soil FDA hydrolytic enzyme activities are determined：
Determined using FDA (fluorescein diacetic acid fat) method for hydrolysis of optimization；
(2) measure of desaturase activity in soil：
Using TTC reducing process；
(3) measure of Activity of Catalase in Soil：
Using permanganimetric method；
(4) measure of soil urease liveness：
Using the blue colorimetric method of beautiful phenol；
(5) measure of soil invertase activity：
The milligram number of 1.00 g soil glucose represents sucrase active after 24 hours.
1.3.5 microorganism lipoid fatty acid（PLFA）Measure：
It is measured using GC-MS.
1.3.6 the measure of nematode population：
Nematode separation uses tray method, is counted with stereoscope.
1.4 data are calculated and statistical analysis
Data are handled and drawn using the softwares of sigma plot 13.0, and carrying out difference using the statistical softwares of SPSS 22.0 shows
The analysis of work property.
2 results and analysis
The change of bacterial-feeding nematodes quantity in 2.1 culture periods
It can be drawn by Fig. 1, during sampling in the 0th day, there was no significant difference between each processing, samples within the 7th day, the 14th day and the 28th day
When, SPNC nematode population highest is handled, is in significant difference with other processing；During sampling in the 28th day, SPNC nematode population
At most, it is in significant difference between each processing；During sampling in the 56th day, nematode population is shown as：SPNC>SPNW>SPN>SPNB；The
During sampling in 112 days and 168 days, at most, SPNB nematode populations are minimum for processing SPNW nematode populations；56th day, 112 days and 168 days
During sampling, the processing bacterial-feeding nematodes quantity of addition organic matter is in significant difference.
2.2 organic matters and influence of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to oil-polluted soils repairing effect
As shown in Fig. 2 as incubation time increases, the trend gradually reduced is presented in the petroleum concentration overall trend of contaminated soil.
During sampling in the 0th day, there was no significant difference between each processing；During sampling in the 7th day, except processing SPNC, each processing and control treatment FSP
There was no significant difference；During sampling in the 14th day, soil petroleum concentration is shown as：Handle FSP>SP>SPN>SPNB>SPN>SPNW>
SPNC, processing SPNC have significant difference with other processing, and oil residual concentration is minimum；During sampling in the 56th day, soil oil
Residual concentration is shown as：FSP>SP>SPN>SPNB>SPNW>SPNC, it can be deduced that the processing petrochina residual quantity of addition organic matter
It is below handling FSP, SP and SPN, processing SPNC oil residual quantities are minimum；During sampling in the 112nd day, it is presented notable between each processing
Sex differernce, petroleum contaminated soil concentration is less than processing FSP, SP and SPN in the processing of addition organic matter and nematode；Adopt within 168th day
During sample, soil petroleum concentration shows as handling FSP>SP>SPN>SPNB>SPNW>SPNC.As a result show that addition organic matter and food are thin
Bacterium nematode can reduce the petroleum concentration of contaminated soil, with the 0th day sample compared with, at the end of culture, processing FSP, SP, SPN,
SPNW, SPNC and SPNB petroleum concentration reduce about 8.26%, 41.15%, 56.79%, 61.89%, 68.66% and 58.91% respectively；With
Processing FSP is compared, processing SP, SPN, SPNW, SPNC and processing SPNB petroleum concentrations reduce about 35.11% respectively, 52.48%,
58.58%th, 65.70% and 58.91%；Compared with handling SPN, processing SPNW, SPNC and SPNB petroleum concentration is reduced about respectively
12.83%th, 27.81% and 4.77%.
2.3 organic matters are with bacterial-feeding nematodes to soil microbes biomass carbon, base respiration, the influence for breathing entropy
2.3.1 organic matter and influence of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to soil microbes biomass carbon
As shown in figure 3, the microbes biomass carbon of soil has the trend gradually reduced in the culture period of 168 days.SPNC is whole
In individual culture period, microbes biomass carbon highest.During sampling in the 0th day, processing SPNC is in significant difference with other processing；7th
During its sampling, microbial biomass C content shows as SPNC>SPNW>SP>SPN>S>SPNB, with S-phase ratio, SP, SPNW, SPNC
With SPN microbial biomass carbons increase about 8.53%, 89.16%, 422.76% and 4.85%, processing SPNB microbial biomass carbons are reduced about
38.74%, processing SPNW and processing SPNC have significant difference with other processing；During sampling in the 14th day, soil microbial biomass
Carbon content shows as SPNC>SPNW>SP>SPNB>SPN>S, there was no significant difference between processing SP, SPNW, SPNB and SPN, and
Handle SPNC and other processing differences significantly (P<0.05)；During sampling in the 28th day, in notable between the processing of addition organic matter
Sex differernce, and be in significant difference with control treatment S；During sampling in the 56th day, processing SP, SPNW and SPNC and S are variant
Significantly, the processing microbes biomass carbon of addition organic matter is all higher than other processing, during sampling in the 112nd day, SPNW and SPNC with
Other processing are in significant difference, and SPNW soil microbes biomass carbon is more than SPNC；During sampling in the 168th day, the micro- life of soil
Thing biomass C can show as SPNW>SPNC>SPNB>SPN>SP>S, it can be deduced that in the organic mass-energy increase soil of addition
Microbes biomass carbon, after incubation phase, SPNW microbes biomass carbon highest.
2.3.2 organic matter and influence of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to soil base respiration
The trend that soil base respiration is totally reduced afterwards in whole culture period in first increasing, as shown in figure 4, during sampling in the 0th day,
Processing SPNC soil base respirations are most strong, and the processing soil base respiration of addition organic matter is all higher than control treatment S；Adopt within 7th day
During sample, with control treatment S-phase ratio, processing SP, SPN, SPNW, SPNC and SPNB soil base respiration intensity is enhanced about respectively
52.39%th, 111.78%, 373.15%, 939.14% and 167.53%, compared with handling SPN, handle SPNW, SPNC and SPNB soil
Base respiration intensity enhances about 123.41%, 390.67% and 26.32% respectively, and processing SPN soil base respirations intensity is relatively handled
SP improves about 28.04%.It is in significant difference that SPNW and processing SPNC, which are handled, with other processing；During sampling in the 14th day, soil base
Downward trend is totally presented in plinth respiratory capacity；During sampling in the 28th day, SPNC soil base respirations are most strong；56th day and the 112nd day
During sampling, processing SPNW base respirations are most strong, and soil base respiration has significant difference between different organic matter processing；112nd
During its sampling, there was no significant difference by SP, SPN and SPNB and S；During sampling in the 168th day, soil base respiration shows as handling SPNC
>SPNW>SPNB>SPN>SP>S, shows that adding organic mass-energy increases the base respiration of soil.In whole culture period, SPNW is handled
With processing SPNC compared with other processing, soil base respiration is stronger.
2.3.3 organic matter and influence of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to soil respiration entropy
The state for first increasing and reducing and tend to be steady afterwards was integrally presented at 168 days for the microbial respiratory entropy of soil in culture period, such as
Shown in Fig. 5, during sampling in the 0th day, except processing SPNC, the processing breathing entropy of addition nematode is much larger than processing SP and processing S；7th day
During sampling, SPNB microbial respiratory entropy highests are handled, are in significant difference with various processing；During sampling in the 14th day, SPNW is handled
Entropy highest is breathed, the microbial respiratory entropy respectively handled is in significant difference with control treatment S；During sampling in the 28th day, entropy is breathed
Show as：Handle SP>SPNB>SPNW>SPN>SPNC>S, the breathing entropy of microorganism drastically declines；During sampling in the 56th day, processing
SPNW microbial respiratory entropy highests, there was no significant difference between processing SPN, SPNC and SPNB；During sampling in the 112nd day, processing SP,
SPNW and SPNC and control treatment S has significant difference；During sampling in the 168th day, breathing entropy is shown as：Handle SPNC>SP>S>
SPNB>SPNW>SPN.When sampling within the 112nd day and the 168th day, except control treatment S, processing SPN breathing entropy is less than other places
Reason, show the addition of bacterial-feeding nematodes has certain actively impact for improving soil environment.In whole culture period, addition is different
Organic matter different is influenceed on soil environment.During sampling in the 0th day to the 7th day, processing SPNC breathing entropys are than processing SPNW and SPNB
Low, during sampling in the 56th day to 112 days, processing SPNB breathing entropys are lower than processing SPNW and SPNC, during sampling in the 168th day, processing
It is lower than processing SPNC and SPNB that SPNW breathes entropy.
2.4 organic matters and influence of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to soil enzyme activities
2.4.1 organic matter and influence of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to fluorescein hydrolytic enzyme activities
As shown in fig. 6, in whole culture period, processing SPNW and processing SPNC are compared with other processing, fluorescein hydrolyzing activity
Property is strong.During sampling in the 0th day, there was no significant difference with control treatment S by processing SPN and SPNB；During sampling in the 7th day, fluorescein hydrolysis
Enzymatic activity shows as SPNW>SPNC>SPNB>SP>SPN>S, SPNW and SPNC fluorescein hydrolytic enzyme activities are far above other places
Reason；During sampling in the 14th day, there was no significant difference with SPNC by SPNW, has significant difference with other processing；During sampling in the 28th day,
In significant difference between the processing of addition organic matter, and SPNW fluorescein hydrolytic enzyme activities highest, processing SPNB and processing
There was no significant difference by S, SP and SPN；During sampling in the 56th day, processing SPNW and SPNC is in significant difference with other processing, except place
SP is managed, the fluorescein hydrolytic enzyme activities respectively handled are all higher than handling S；During sampling in the 112nd day, between processing S, SP, SPN and SPNB
There was no significant difference for fluorescein hydrolytic enzyme activities；Handle SPNW soil fluorescein hydrolytic enzyme activities most strong；During sampling in the 168th day,
FDA hydrolytic enzyme activities show as SPNW>SPNC>SPNB>SPN>S>SP, except processing SPNW and SPNC, without significantly between each processing
Sex differernce, processing SP handles SPN, SPNW and SPNC ratio control treatment S-phase ratio, increased respectively than control treatment S reductions about 8.88%
Plus about 2.80%, 233.64 % and 123.13%, SPNB it is more unchanged than fluorescein hydrolytic enzyme activities with S-phase, show add organic matter
Fluorescein hydrolytic enzyme activities in contaminated soil can be changed.
2.4.2 organic matter and influence of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to dehydrogenase activity
As shown in fig. 7, interior overall presentation first rises the trend reduced afterwards, and Initial stage of culture, stone to dehydrogenase activity in the training period
The dehydrogenase activity of oily pollution processing is higher.During sampling in the 0th day to the 56th day, the processing of addition oil is deposited with control treatment S
In significant difference, SPNC dehydrogenase activity highests are handled；During sampling in the 0th day, except processing SPNB, each processing dehydrogenase activity without
Significant difference；During sampling in the 7th day, except processing S, there was no significant difference for dehydrogenase activity between each processing；During sampling in the 14th day, with
Control treatment S-phase ratio, processing SP, SPNW, SPNC, SPNB and SPN dehydrogenase activity increases about 200% respectively, 379.70%,
1127.83%th, 350.79% and 394.97%；During sampling in the 28th day, except processing SPN, other processing are with control treatment S in notable
Sex differernce；In sampling in 56th day, except processing SPNC and S, there was no significant difference between other various processing；During sampling in the 168th day,
Dehydrogenase activity is shown as：Handle SPNB>SPNC>SPNW>SPN>SP>S, it can be deduced that the organic mass-energy of addition improves contaminated soil
Dehydrogenase activity.
2.4.3 organic matter and influence of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to catalase activity
As shown in figure 8, catalase activity generally tended to be steady at 168 days in culture period.During sampling in the 0th day, SPNW's
Catalase activity and control treatment S have significant difference, there was no significant difference between other each processing (P>0.05)；7th day
During sampling, there was no significant difference with control treatment S for each processing；During sampling in the 14th day, there was no significant difference with S by processing SPN, other
Processing has significant difference with S, with processing S-phase ratio, processing SP, SPNW, SPNC, SPNB and SPN catalase activity point
Do not increase by about 27.37%, 40.06%, 60.54%, 38.10% and 23.22%；During sampling in the 28th day, 56 days and 112 days, SPNB mistake
Catalase activity is most strong；During sampling in the 168th day, SP is in significant difference with other processing, and catalase activity is shown as
SP>S>SPNB>SPN>SPNW>SPNC。
2.4.4 organic matter and influence of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to urease activity
As shown in figure 9, urease activity in the training period it is interior it is overall present first to rise reduce and rise the trend reduced again again.0th
During its sampling, the processing and control treatment S for adding organic matter have significant difference；During sampling in the 7th day, the performance of urease activity size
Go out for SPNC>SPNW>SPNB>SPN>SP>There is significant difference with control treatment S in S, various processing；During sampling in the 14th day,
With control treatment S-phase ratio, processing SP, SPNW, SPNC, SPNB and SPN urease activity increases about 102.21% respectively, 670.87%,
162.40%th, 130.80% and 109.24%；During sampling in the 28th day, the processing of oil is added, urease activity is all higher than control treatment S,
Add the processing of bacterial-feeding nematodes has significant difference with processing SP；During sampling in the 56th day, the urase of addition organic matter processing
Activity has significant difference with control treatment S；During sampling in the 112nd day, except SPN, other processing are in significant difference with S；
During sampling in the 168th day, urease activity size shows as SPNW>SPNC>SPN>SPNB>SP>S, it can be deduced that addition organic matter with
Bacterial-feeding nematodes have certain humidification to urease activity in soil.
2.4.5 organic matter and influence of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to sucrase active
As shown in Figure 10, in whole culture period, SPNC sucrase active highest is handled.0th day sampling when, processing SPNC and
SPNB and control treatment S has significant difference；During sampling in the 7th day, sucrase active shows as SPNC>SPNW>SPN>SPNB>SP
>S, there was no significant difference by processing SP, SPNB, SPN and control treatment S；During sampling in the 28th day, sucrase active shows as SPNC>
SPNW>S>SPN>SPNB>SP, processing SPNC and SPNW and control treatment S-phase ratio, sucrase active are added about respectively
117.82% and 682.30%, processing SP, SPNB and SPN sucrase active reduces about 23.25%, 10.83% and 0.72% respectively；
During sampling in the 56th day, except processing SP, other processing are in significant difference with control treatment S；During sampling in the 112nd day, processing
SPNW and SPNC and control treatment S has significant difference；During sampling in the 168th day, sucrase active shows as SPNC>SPNW>
SPNB>S>SPN, with processing S-phase ratio, processing SP and SPN sucrase actives reduce about 27.58% and 30.42% respectively, and handle
SPNW, SPNC and SPNB sucrase active increase about 80.62%, 313.54% and 12.40%.Experiment shows addition organic matter, especially
It is addition rapeseed cake, is conducive to the raising of sucrase active in soil.
2.5 organic matters are with bacterial-feeding nematodes on structure of soil microbial community influence (PLFA)
2.5.1 the PLFA types detected in examination soil sample are supplied：
The microorganism PLFA for classifying surveyed according to standardized denomination is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 supplies the PLFA types detected in examination soil
2.5.2 organic matter and influence of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to edaphon phosphatide fatty acid total amount
As shown in figure 11, during sampling in the 0th day, processing SPNC has significant difference, Soil Microorganism phosphatide fat with other processing
Fat acid total amount is much larger than other processing；During sampling in the 168th day, PLFA microbial total amounts are shown as in soil：SPNC>SPNW>
SPNB>SPN>SP>S, shows that edaphon phosphatide fatty acid total amount is all higher than control treatment S in various processing, addition food is thin
PLFA total amounts are higher than SP and S in the processing of bacterium nematode.SPNC and SPNW is handled, has conspicuousness poor with the PLFA total amounts of other processing
It is different, show to add the processing of organic matter compared with other processing, microorganism PLFA quantity is more.
2.5.3 organic matter and bacterial-feeding nematodes to gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, bacterium, fungi in soil/
The influence of bacterial biomass
As shown in figure 12, the 0th day sampling when, processing SPNW in gram-positive bacteria it is minimum, except processing SPNW, other processing with it is right
According to processing S, there was no significant difference；During sampling in the 168th day, the processing of oil is added, gram-positive bacteria is all higher than control treatment S,
Gram-positive bacteria PLFA amounts are shown as：Handle SPNW>SPNB>SPNC>SPN>SP>S, shows that addition organic matter can promote soil
Gram-positive bacteria PLFA amounts increases in earth.During sampling in the 0th day, handle and deposited between SPNC Gram-negative bacteria and each processing
In significant difference, the Gram-negative bacteria PLFA quantity for handling SPNW is minimum；During sampling in the 168th day, Gram-negative bacteria
PLFA amounts show as SPNC>SPNW>SPNB>SPN>SP>S, shows that addition organic matter can increase Gram-negative bacteria in soil
Quantity, the addition of rapeseed cake can sharply increase Gram-negative bacteria micro organism quantity in soil in culture period.0th day and the
During sampling in 168 days, the processing of bacterial-feeding nematodes is added, bacterium PLFA quantity is more in soil, handle SPNC bacterium PLFA quantity
At most, the quantity of bacterium in soil can be increased by showing the addition of rapeseed cake.During sampling in the 0th day and the 168th day, SPNC and SPNB is handled
Fungi/bacterium PLFA quantity be all higher than other processing, and be in significant difference with other processing.Show addition stalk and rapeseed cake
Be conducive to the improvement of soil environment, the raising of soil quality.
2.5.4 organic matter is given birth to bacterial-feeding nematodes to actinomyces, eukaryotic microorganisms, fungi, AMF in soil
The influence of object amount
As shown in figure 13, during sampling in the 0th day, actinomyces PLFA amounts are shown as：SPNB>SPNC>SPN>S>SPNW>SP, handles SP
There is significant difference with S, processing SP actinomyces PLFA quantity is minimum；During sampling in the 168th day, actinomyces PLFA amounts are shown as：
SPNW>SPNB>SP>SPNC>SPN>S, the actinomyces PLFA amounts of various processing are all higher than control treatment S, are in control treatment S
Significant difference.During sampling in the 0th day, the processing eukaryotic microorganisms amount of addition organic matter is all higher than other processing, and processing SPNC
Eukaryotic microorganisms amount PLFA amount highests；During sampling in the 168th day, eukaryotic microorganisms PLFA amounts are shown as：SPNW>SPNC>SPNB>SP
>SPN>S, except processing SPNW and SPNC, with control treatment S, there was no significant difference for each processing, at the end of as a result showing culture period,
The PLFA amounts increase of eukaryotic microorganisms, handles SPNW eukaryotic microorganisms PLFA amount highests in soil.During sampling in the 0th day, except processing
SPNC, each processing fungi PLFA amounts have significant difference with control treatment S；During sampling in the 168th day, fungi PLFA amounts show as place
Manage SPNC>SPNW>SPNB>SP>SPN>S, except processing SPNW and SPNC, there was no significant difference with control treatment S for each processing, processing
SPNC fungi PLFA amount highests.During sampling in the 0th day, the AMF PLFA amounts and other processing for handling SPNC are in conspicuousness
Difference；AMF PLFA amounts show as handling SPNC>SPNB>S>SPN>SPNW>SP；During sampling in the 168th day, clump branch bacterium
Mycorrhiza fungi PLFA amounts are shown as：SPNW>SPNB>SPNC>SPN>SP>S, except processing SPNW and SPNB, is respectively handled with compareing place
Managing S, there was no significant difference.In general, addition organic matter can increase the AMF PLFA in soil to a certain extent
Amount.
3 discuss
Experimental result learns that, in Initial stage of culture, the nematode population for handling SPNC is most；During sampling in the 56th day, SPNC nematodes are handled
Quantity is reduced.It is probably that, because rapeseed cake is easily decomposes in a short time, nutrient have stimulated the growth of microorganism and bacterial-feeding nematodes, it is real
The later stage is tested, because rapeseed cake nutrient is largely consumed, the growth and breeding of no sufficient nutrient support microorganism and bacterial-feeding nematodes,
Cause the reduction of bacterial-feeding nematodes quantity.At the end of experiment culture, nematode population is shown as：Handle SPNW>SPN>SPNC>
SPNB, shows that adding different organic matters produces Different Effects to nematode population, processing SPNC and SPNB and control treatment SPN is manifested
Sex differernce is write, in organic matter processing, processing SPNB nematode populations in whole culture period are always below processing SPNW and SPNC, original
Because the acitve organic matter that can be provided for being probably charcoal is few, it is unfavorable for the growth of bacterial-feeding nematodes.
Experimental result learns that addition organic matter is conducive to the oil reparation of contaminated soil with bacterial-feeding nematodes, can reduce
The petroleum concentration of contaminated soil.With the 0th day sample compared with, the 168th day sampling when, processing FSP, SP, SPN, SPNW, SPNC and
SPNB petroleum concentrations reduce about 8.26%, 41.15%, 56.79%, 61.89%, 68.66% and 58.91% respectively, show native in soil
Write microorganism to have a certain impact to oil degradation, because processing FSP is sterilization treatment, i.e., at the end of culture period, with the 0th day phase
Do not change substantially than petroleum concentration；During sampling in the 168th day, oil residual concentration and the processing FSP phases of addition organic matter processing
Than, processing SP, SPN, SPNW, SPNC and processing SPNB petroleum concentrations reduce about 35.11% respectively, 52.48%, 58.58%,
65.70% and 58.91%；Compared with handling SPN, processing SPNW, SPNC and SPNB petroleum concentration reduces about 12.83% respectively,
27.81% and 4.77%.As a result show that organic matter and bacterial-feeding nematodes influence the oil reparation of contaminated soil to a certain extent, may
It is that the Soil Microorganism that is added to of organic matter brings nutrient, stimulates the growth and breeding of microorganism, the life to bacterial-feeding nematodes
It is long to produce certain influence with breeding.
Addition organic matter can improve the microbial activity of soil, and result of study that this is with Wang Yan et al. is consistent, soil addition
After organic matter, microbes biomass can be significantly improved.The study show that experiment Initial stage of culture, handles SPNW and SPNC microorganism
Biomass C is raised, and shows that stalk and rapeseed cake can increase Soil Microorganism biomass C；Reason is probably addition in soil
Stalk and rapeseed cake, discharge nutritional ingredient, improve soil environment, reduce stress of the environment to microorganism, promote microorganism
Growth；Cultivating the middle and later periods may be excessive due to organic matter decomposition, and the growth and breeding of microorganism are stimulated without sufficient nutrient, micro-
Biomass presents downward trend, causes the reduction for handling soil microbes biomass carbon in SPNW and SPNC.Experiment knot
Fruit shows that addition stalk and rapeseed cake can change the microbial activity of soil to a certain extent, promote bacterial-feeding nematodes growth with
Breeding.SPNB microbes biomass carbon increases to late stage of culture from initial stage to be reduced, and this is studied unanimously with Zhang Mingkui's, is shown
Charcoal can increase Soil Microorganism biomass C in a short time, but with the increase of incubation time, its microorganism biological
Amount carbon is gradually decreased.In general, addition stalk and the other processing of rapeseed cake soil microbes biomass carbon ratio are high.
Soil base respiration shows in whole culture period first rise after downward trend, this and Wang Xiaofei research is
Similar.In whole culture period, it can be found that processing SPNW and SPNC soil base respiration is adopted with other processing at six times
It is in significant difference in sample, reason is probably that the stalk that adds and rapeseed cake are easily decomposes in processing, stimulates Soil Microorganism
Growth, being conducive to the respiration of increasing for bacterial-feeding nematodes quantity, i.e. Initial stage of culture strengthens, and has discharged substantial amounts of CO2；Training
The foster later stage is probably that the organic matter that can be utilized due to microorganism is reduced, and petroleum contaminated soil concentration reduction, microorganism by
CO in the stress reduction arrived, soil2Discharge capacity reduce therewith.
All in all, organic matter is added in soil, had an impact to microbial respiratory entropy.During sampling in the 0th day, except processing
SPNC, the processing breathing entropy of addition nematode is much larger than processing SP and processing S, it may be possible to which the rapeseed cake for handling SPNC additions can fast quick-release
The nutrient for being available for microorganism growth to need is released, the stress that nematode and microorganism are subject to is small, and handles SPN, SPNW and SPNB line
Worm and microorganism receive the stress of soil environment, that is, breathe entropy and increased dramatically；Mid-term is cultivated in experiment, Soil Microorganism is exhaled
Inhale entropy to decline, one side reason is probably that nematode and microorganism in soil have adapted to soil environment, and another aspect reason may
It is that some are not suitable with certain micro-organisms to soil environment in Initial stage of culture, causes the death of microorganism and the reduction of quantity；The
During sampling in 168 days, processing SPNC microbial respiratories entropy is maximum, is in significant difference compared with other processing, may be after incubation
Phase, wheat stalk and charcoal are gradually decomposed in soil, improve soil environment, i.e. phase after incubation, handle SPNW and processing
SPNB breathing entropys are respectively less than processing SPNC.At the end of whole experiment culture period, microbial respiratory entropy shows as SPNC>SP>S>
SPNB>SPNW>SPN, the addition for indicating organic matter has a certain impact to edaphon metabolic activity, charcoal and stalk
Contaminated soil environment can be improved in certain culture period.
In whole culture period, processing SPNW and processing SPNC are compared with other processing, and fluorescein hydrolytic enzyme activities are strong.Reason
It is probably the addition of stalk and rapeseed cake, a large number of nutrients is brought to microorganism, causes certain micro-organisms amount reproduction in soil,
I.e. fluorescein hydrolytic enzyme activities drastically increase in a short time.During sampling in the 7th day, SPNW and SPNC FDA hydrolytic enzyme activities are equal
It is significantly higher than control treatment S, reason is probably experiment Initial stage of culture, and organic mass-energy of addition stimulates breeding and the nematode of microorganism
Growth；After incubation the phase, because organic matter is gradually decomposed or absorbed with the increase of time, microorganism is available in soil
Nutrients loss, causes the reduction of later stage FDA hydrolytic enzyme activities.Illustrate that addition organic matter and bacterial-feeding nematodes can promote oil pollution
Fluorescein hydrolytic enzyme activities in soil, FDA hydrolases in oil-polluted soils can be improved by especially adding stalk and rapeseed cake
Activity.
The dehydrogenase activity for adding oil pollution processing is generally higher than control treatment S.In experiment late stage of culture, it is added with
The processing dehydrogenase activity of machine matter is higher than other processing.Test result indicates that, the 0th day, 7 days, 14 days, 28 days, 56 days, 112 days
During sampling, the dehydrogenase activity for handling SPNC is most strong；During sampling in the 168th day, the dehydrogenase activity for handling SPNB is most strong.May be
Initial stage of culture rapeseed cake is easily decomposes, have stimulated the microorganism amount reproduction in soil, realizes the oxidation and conversion of petroleum hydrocarbon, causes
Processing SPNC dehydrogenase activity increases；Phase, the hydrogen atom quantity reduction of soil petrochina hydrocarbon, cause dehydrogenation after incubation
The enzymatic activity later stage is on a declining curve.Reason be on the one hand probably aoxidized substantially due to hydrogen ion easily decomposes in contaminated soil and
The result produced is converted, is on the other hand probably the nutrients loss that Soil Microorganism can be decomposed and absorbed, causes dehydrogenase
Activity reduction.At the end of whole culture period, it can be deduced that the increase being added with beneficial to dehydrogenase activity of organic matter.
Result of study draws, adds the activity that organic mass-energy improves catalase, this and Wang Yan research be it is consistent,
Added in soil after different organic matters, catalase activity in soil can be significantly improved.During sampling in the 112nd day, hydrogen peroxide
Enzymatic activity shows as SPNB>SPN>SP>S>SPNW>SPNC, and SPNB is stronger in whole culture period endoperoxides hydrogenase activity, this
Similar to the research that Li Jing is quiet, addition charcoal can improve Activity of Catalase in Soil.Experiment shows in Initial stage of culture, adds
Organic matter can strengthen catalase activity, edaphon is better adapted to environment.This and Zhou Likai results of study one
Cause, organic matter can strengthen catalase activity initial stage.
During sampling in the 0th day, there is significant difference in urease activity and the other processing of addition organic matter processing；In culture
Phase, processing SPNW, SPNC and SPNB urease activity is high, it may be possible to due to the addition of organic matter, cause the change of external source environment, pierces
The growth and breeding of microorganism are swashed, processing SP and processing SPN urease activities are reduced.During sampling in the 168th day, urease activity performance
For：SPNW>SPNC>SPN>SPNB>SP>S, processing SPNW, SPNC and SPN urease activity and control treatment S have significant difference,
Show the addition of organic matter has certain influence to the urease activity of oil-polluted soils.
Sucrase active is higher, and soil fertility is better, and sucrase active is the important indicator for reflecting soil fertility.SPNC's
Sucrase active is constantly in highest level in whole culture period.During sampling in the 56th day, sucrase active size is SPNC>
SPNW>SPN>SPNB>SP>S, it can be deduced that sucrase active in the organic mass-energy increase soil of addition.During sampling in the 0th day, except place
SPNC is managed, each processing sucrase active is below control treatment S, shows that addition oil enters soil, can influence the work of invertase
Property, this and Zhang Feng result of study are consistent：Petroleum concentration is in 0-30000 mg kg-1Interior, sucrase active will be pierced
Swash, be then suppressed more than sucrase active after this scope.Test result indicates that, addition organic matter can increase invertase in soil
Activity, can improve soil fertility.In whole culture period, processing SPNW and SPNB sucrase actives are compared with other processing, sugarcane
Anase activity is higher, shows that stalk and rapeseed cake are conducive to increasing sucrase active.
By the 0th day and sampling analysis in the 168th day, lipoid fatty acid in soil is counted, shows adding for organic matter
Plus the quantity and activity of Soil Microorganism can be stimulated, the relative abundance degree of Soil Microorganism population is changed, is added
Organic mass-energy dramatically increases bacteria total amount.Reason is probably the carbon source that organic matter can grow as microorganism, stimulates microorganism
Growth.During sampling in the 168th day, the fungi PLFA amounts for handling SPNW and SPNC are most, and reason is probably that stalk and rapeseed cake are stimulated
The growth and breeding of fungi.During sampling in the 168th day, AMF PLFA amounts increase, and show the addition energy shadow of organic matter
Ring AMF PLFA amounts.Test result indicates that, the ratio of soil fungi and bacterium is big in processing SPNW and SPNC, reflection
Soil environment can be improved by going out to add stalk and rapeseed cake.
4 conclusions
The processing of addition organic matter adds FDA hydrolases, dehydrogenase activity, catalase activity, urase and lived on the whole
Property and sucrase active, the microbial environment of soil can be improved by illustrating the addition of organic matter, and in whole culture period, processing
SPNW and SPNC soil base respiration and microbes biomass carbon is in higher level, it can be deduced that organic mass-energy promotes micro- life
The growth of thing, while influenceing regulation and control of the bacterial-feeding nematodes to edaphon.Dramatically increased the study find that adding organic mass-energy
Bacteria total amount and AMF total amount in soil, and SPNW and SPNC fungi/bacterium ratio is higher, shows stalk and dish
Cake and bacterial-feeding nematodes collective effect, can change biological community structure.
At the end of culture, the reduction of processing FSP, SP, SPN, SPNW, SPNC and SPNB petroleum concentration ratio initial concentration is about
8.26%th, 41.15%, 56.79%, 61.89%, 68.66% and 58.91%；Compared with handling FSP, SP, SPN, SPNW, SPNC are handled
With processing SPNB petroleum concentrations reduction about 35.11%, 52.48%, 58.58%, 65.70% and 58.91%；Compared with handling SPN, place
Reason SPNW, SPNC and SPNB petroleum concentration reduces about 12.83%, 27.81% and 4.77% respectively.Show that inoculation nematode can promote
The degraded of petroleum contaminated soil, and the processing for adding organic matter can advantageously promote oil degradation, and addition rapeseed cake processing
The efficiency highest of SPNC pollution degradation soil petrochinas.
The Extending culture time, or recycle the oil that the method for the invention can greatly degrade in soil,
The effect of purification soil can be effectively acted as, the recycling of living again of contaminated soil is realized.
General principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, the present invention
Claimed scope is by appended claims, specification and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method for accelerating remedying oil-polluted soils, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）The inoculated and cultured bacterial-feeding nematodes on petroleum concentration gradually increased nematode growth media flat board, are obtained after domestication
Bacterial-feeding nematodes；
（2）Organic matter is added into oil-polluted soils, is uniformly mixed；The organic matter addition is oil-polluted soils
The 0.5-1% of quality；
（3）Bacterial-feeding nematodes after the domestication are inoculated with into the oil-polluted soils that with the addition of organic matter, bacterial-feeding nematodes enter
Enter oil-polluted soils, soil is repaired.
2. a kind of method for accelerating remedying oil-polluted soils according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Also include determination step（4）, i.e., the relevant parameter of soil after reparation is measured, checking bacterial-feeding nematodes are to petroleum wastewater
Contaminate the repair ability of soil and the reparation state of soil.
3. a kind of method for accelerating remedying oil-polluted soils according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the petroleum wastewater
Soil is contaminated in terms of dry ground, and 5-20 bar bacterial-feeding nematodes are added in every gram of dry ground.
4. a kind of method for accelerating remedying oil-polluted soils according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the petroleum wastewater
Soil is contaminated in terms of dry ground, and 5 bacterial-feeding nematodes are added in every gram of dry ground.
5. a kind of method for accelerating remedying oil-polluted soils according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the organic matter
Addition is the 1% of oil-polluted soils quality.
6. a kind of method for accelerating remedying oil-polluted soils according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the organic matter
Including one kind in stalk, rapeseed cake or charcoal.
7. a kind of method for accelerating remedying oil-polluted soils according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the stalk,
The size-reduced processing of rapeseed cake, thing charcoal and the processing of 2 mm sieves excessively are made.
8. a kind of method for accelerating remedying oil-polluted soils according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after the domestication
Bacterial-feeding nematodes be can be 10 gL in petroleum concentration-1The bacterial-feeding nematodes grown on culture medium.
9. a kind of method for accelerating remedying oil-polluted soils according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the food bacterium
Nematode is pattern nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans。
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