CN105861376B - A kind of serratia marcescens and its separation method and application - Google Patents

A kind of serratia marcescens and its separation method and application Download PDF

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CN105861376B
CN105861376B CN201610288569.1A CN201610288569A CN105861376B CN 105861376 B CN105861376 B CN 105861376B CN 201610288569 A CN201610288569 A CN 201610288569A CN 105861376 B CN105861376 B CN 105861376B
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serratia marcescens
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serratia
grub
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陶爱丽
王坦
黄思良
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Nanyang Normal University
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Abstract

The invention belongs to microorganisms technical fields, more particularly to a kind of serratia marcescens Serratia marcescens and its separation method and application, the serratia marcescens is preserved in China typical culture collection center, deposit number CCTCC M 2015634, preservation date on October 22nd, 2015.The present invention is aseptically homogenized by the way that the grub of field natural death is carried out polypide surface sterilization, adds sterile water to be coated on NA culture medium flat plate and cultivate, the purifying of picking single colonie obtains Serratia bacteria strain TC-1;The problems such as serratia marcescens of the present invention is used as biological insecticides, coating agent for seed and fertilizer additive, reduces pesticide residue, target biomolecule resistant and pollution of area source in agricultural production.

Description

A kind of serratia marcescens and its separation method and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to microorganisms technical fields, and in particular to a kind of serratia marcescens and its separation method and application.
Background technique
Microbial pesticide (microbial insecticide) refers to using living microorganisms and its metabolite, uses Carry out desinsection, kill mouse, sterilize, the preparation of weeding etc., mainly includes fungal source, bacterial origin, viral source, nematode source and antibiotics agriculture Medicine.Microbial source insecticide has many advantages, such as that low toxicity, pollution is light, some drugs are selectively high, meets pesticide from traditional organic The development trend that chemical substance is converted to " environment harmony pesticide " or " biorational pesticide ", by domestic and international researcher and makes The favor of user.
Serratia marcescens (Serratia marcescens) is a kind of important entomopathogenic bacterium, and as pest Highest attention of the pathogenic microorganism by biological control worker.People are from a variety of harmful insects for Plant aboveground organ of causing harm Separation obtains the serratia marcescens with insecticidal activity in vivo
Chinese patent CN104109649A discloses a kind of serratia marcescens NlM280 and the application as insecticide, glues Supernatant after bacteria suspension or the bacteria suspension centrifugation that matter Serratieae NlM280 fermented and cultured obtains can be applied to brown paddy plant hopper or two Change the prevention and treatment of snout moth's larva;To brown paddy plant hopper using injection and feed the bacterium bacteria suspension or fermented supernatant fluid the result shows that, bacteria suspension note It penetrates to lethality 2 days of brown paddy plant hopper up to 100%, 3 days lethalities of feeding bacteria suspension are 79.8%;The supernatant of the bacterial strain fermentation liquor Liquid does not influence its causative effect in 55 DEG C or less processing, and up to 97.2% when injecting fermented supernatant fluid lethality 2 days, feeding is sent out Ferment supernatant effect lag, lethality is up to 84.2% at 6 days.Bacteria suspension and fermented supernatant fluid feed striped rice borer after spraying rice, To at lethality 4 days of striped rice borer up to 80.0% or more.Chinese patent 105331566A discloses one kind, and the present invention relates to one Kind serratia marcescens S-JS1 and its application in control of insect, serratia marcescens S-JS1 solid culture thallus or fermentation The bacteria suspension that culture obtains can be applied to the prevention and treatment of brown paddy plant hopper, beet armyworm and prodenia litura;Brown paddy plant hopper is somebody's turn to do using spraying Bacterium bacteria suspension the result shows that, bacteria suspension 8 × 109School of the cfu/ml to brown paddy plant hopper 3 age nymph, long wing adult and brachypterism adult The positive death rate 5 days up to 67.47%, 63.58% and 78.28%;Adding 100 μ l concentration is 108The strain fermentation of cfu/ml Liquid is in feed block (1 × 1 × 1cm), and after 5 days, corrected mortality is respectively for beet armyworm and 3 th instar larvae of prodenia litura 45.64% and 32.20%;The post-equalization death rate is respectively 76.36% and 62.06% within 9 days.But above-mentioned patent cement sand thunder Salmonella is unobvious to the preventive and therapeutic effect of subterranean pest-insect.
Summary of the invention
To overcome drawbacks described above, the first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of serratia marcescens (Serratia marcescens)。
The second object of the present invention, which also resides in, provides a kind of separation method of serratia marcescens.
The third object of the present invention, which also resides in, provides a kind of application of serratia marcescens.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of serratia marcescens is preserved in China typical culture collection center (CCTCC), deposit number CCTCC M 2015634, preservation date on October 22nd, 2015.
A kind of separation method of above-mentioned serratia marcescens, comprising the following steps:
It acquires from the grub of field natural death and immerses 70-75% ethyl alcohol 10-15s, be then immersed in 0.08-0.12% mercuric chloride 3-5min carries out polypide surface sterilization, is aseptically homogenized, adds sterile water 3-6ml, take 200 μ L, is coated on NA training It supports on base plate, cultivates 24-48h, the purifying of picking single colonie obtains Serratia bacteria strain TC-1;
The NA culture medium composition are as follows: beef extract 3.0g, peptone 5.0g, yeast powder 3.0g, sucrose 10.0g, agar Powder 15g, distilled water 1000mL.
A kind of application of serratia marcescens as biological insecticides.
Preferably, application of the serratia marcescens as grub insecticide.
A kind of application of serratia marcescens as coating agent for seed.
Positive beneficial effect of the invention:
1. serratia marcescens of the present invention have to below pest it is pathogenic, as grub insecticide good disinsection effect; Bacterial strain TC-1 has apparent toxicity to grub, when concentration is up to 1 × 109When cfu/ml, corrected mortality is up to 97.14%, semilethal Concentration is 1.62 × 108cfu/ml;Bacterial strain TC-1 has an eelworm-killing activity, and the lethality of 72h caenorhabditis elegan is up to 93.3%;Simultaneously To diamondback moth, beet armyworm, bollworm lethal effect are obvious, processing 96h corrected mortality is 72.2% respectively, 94.6%, 83.8%;And silkworm has food refusal reaction to bacterial strain TC-1 of the present invention, illustrates that bacterial strain TC-1 can prevent pest to the damage of vegetables Evil.
2. serratia marcescens of the present invention is used as biological insecticides, coating agent for seed and fertilizer additive, agriculture is reduced In industry production the problems such as pesticide residue, target biomolecule resistant and pollution of area source.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of bacterial strain TC-1 of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the bacterium colony figure of bacterial strain TC-1 of the present invention 48h on NA culture medium;
Fig. 3 is the 16S rDNA sequence PCR amplification electropherogram of bacterial strain TC-1 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that the present invention is based on the phylogenetic trees of the bacterial strain TC-1 of 16S rDNA sequence construct.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to some specific embodiments, the present invention is further described.
A kind of serratia marcescens is preserved in China typical culture collection center (CCTCC), deposit number CCTCC M 2015634, preservation date on October 22nd, 2015.
The separation of 1 serratia marcescens of embodiment and resumption infection experiment
(1) it acquires from the grub of field natural death and immerses 70% ethyl alcohol 10s, be then immersed in 0.1% mercuric chloride 4min, carry out Polypide surface sterilization, is aseptically homogenized, and sterile water 5ml is added, and is taken 200 μ L, is coated on NA culture medium flat plate, training It supports for 24 hours, the purifying of picking single colonie obtains bacterium bacterial strain TC-1;
The NA culture medium composition are as follows: beef extract 3.0g, peptone 5.0g, yeast powder 3.0g, sucrose 10.0g, agar Powder 15g, distilled water 1000mL, 7.0,121 DEG C of high pressure sterilization 25min of pH value;
(2) bacterial strain TC-1 is inoculated into NB culture medium, the shaking table culture 2d at 28 DEG C of 180rpm, it is thin obtains bacterial strain TC-1 Bacterial suspension concentration is adjusted to 10 by bacterium suspension9Cfu/ml is added in soil, is puddled uniformly, is reached soil bacteria containing amount 1×109Cfu/g observes and collects dead worm using potato block as forage feed grub, carries out separating again for pathogen, side to dead worm The same step of method (1) is described;
The composition of the NB culture medium: beef extract 3.0g, peptone 5.0g, yeast powder 3.0g, sucrose 10.0g, distillation Water 1000mL, 7.0,121 DEG C of high pressure sterilization 25min of pH value.
Interpretation of result: according to Ke Heshi rule, phytophagous Qi is infected with isolated pathogenic strains TC-1 Frankia Start death after Scarabaeiform, grub and thallus contact 48h, 84h reaches peak mortality, is slow in action after larva is susceptible inactive, substantially Stop eating, body surface reddens after grub is dead, and body gradually softens.It is separately cultured again from susceptible and dead grub body, it is resulting Again separation of bacterial cultural colony, in terms of all with original inoculation bacterial strain TC-1 it is consistent, accordingly confirm grub be bacterium Strain TC-1 infection is lethal.
The identification of 2 bacterial strain of embodiment
1. the morphological analysis of bacterial strain: bacterial strain TC-1 is inoculated on NA culture medium in 28 DEG C of constant temperature incubation 48h, observes single colonie Form, size, color: bacterial strain TC-1 is in rod-short (referring to Fig. 1), and no gemma has fluorescence, Gram-negative, Zhousheng whip Hair has motility.Bacterium colony is rounded after 48h on NA culture medium, and smooth wet, edge is neat, and surface elevation is (referring to figure 2), rose;
2. the physiological and biochemical test of bacterial strain: carrying out lactose, wood glue sugar, arabinose, raffinose, honey two to bacterial strain TC-1 Sugar, sorbierite, Xi Mengshi citrate, bile aesculin, malonate, phenylalanine deamination acid, adonite, bird ammonia 28 kinds of Determination of Physiological And Biochemical Indices such as acid, lysine decarboxylase, lysine, arginine decarboxylase, methyl red, hydrogen sulfide, urea.
Measuring method: by the enterobacteriaceae lactobacteriaceae biochemical reagents box explanation in Hangzhou day and the production of microorganism reagent Co., Ltd Book is measured and result judgement.
Physiology and biochemistry qualification result shows and (see the table below 1): bacterial strain TC-1 is facultative aerobic;Methyl red test, oxidizing ferment, urea And hydrogen sulfide reaction negative;Phenylalanine decarboxylase, lysine depickling enzyme, ornithine depickling enzyme and arginine decarboxylase reaction are in It is positive;The bacterium can produce acid using sucrose, glucose, xylose, mannitol, sorbierite, cannot utilize arabinose, lactose, honey two Sugar is used as sole carbon source;Adonite, Xi Mengshi citrate, bile aesculin can be utilized, gelatin hydrolysis can be made.
The physio-biochemical characteristics of 1 bacterial strain TC-1 of table
Detection project Reaction Detection project Reaction
Oxidizing ferment - Phenylalanine decarboxylase +
Gram's staining - Lysine depickling enzyme +
Motility + Ornithine depickling enzyme +
Hydrogen sulfide - Arginine decarboxylase +
Mannitol + Bile aesculin -
Urea - Methyl red test -
Indole reagent + Sucrose +
Melibiose - Glucose produces acid +
Sorbierite + Glucose phosphate salt peptone -
DNase + Raffinose -
Lactose - Arabinose -
Adonite + Gelatin liquefaction +
Xylose + Xi Mengshi citrate +
Note :+positive;It is negative.
3.16S rDNA sequencing: bacterial strain TC-1 is inoculated into NB culture medium, the shaking table culture at 28 DEG C of 180rpm 2d obtains bacterial strain TC-1 bacterial suspension, and 1000rpm is centrifuged 10min, takes supernatant, DNA extraction is carried out, using primer primer F27 and primer R1492 carries out the PCR amplification of 16S rDNA to the genomic DNA of bacterial strain TC-1.
50 μ L amplification reaction system institute reagent addings: primer 2 μ L, template 1 μ L, dNTP (contain Mg2+) 4 μ L, ddH237.5 μ L of O, 0.5 5 μ L of μ L, 10 × Buffer of Taq polymerase.PCR reaction condition: 94 DEG C of initial denaturation 5min;94 DEG C of denaturation 60s, 53 DEG C of annealing 30s, 72 DEG C of extension 60s, totally 30 recycle, last 72 DEG C of extensions 10min.Amplified production is examined through 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis It surveys, send to Shanghai Ying Jun Bioisystech Co., Ltd and be sequenced.
The result shows that: the 16S rDNA for measuring bacterial strain TC-1 is 1500bp (referring to Fig. 3), using 16S rDNA homology as base Plinth constructs the BACTERIAL PHYLOGENY tree (referring to fig. 4) of related species, bacterial strain TC-1 (GenBank accession number KF700093) and viscous Matter Serratieae Serratia marcescens NR041980 gathers in same branch, and the maximum comparability of the two is up to 100%.Root According to 16S rDNA tetraploid rice solution, in conjunction with the morphological observation and physiologic character of bacterial strain, bacterial strain TC-1 is accredited as cement Serratieae (Serratia marcescens).
Embodiment 3 is to grub toxicity test
From one ring bacterial strain TC-1 of picking on the inclined-plane NA, it is inoculated on 50mL NB fluid nutrient medium, the shaking table at 28 DEG C (180rpm) cultivates 12h and carries out actication of culture, takes 1ml to be inoculated into 250ml NB fluid nutrient medium from activation thallus suspension liquid In, after 28 DEG C of shaking table (180rpm) culture 48h, it is diluted to 1 × 109It is spare after cfu/ml concentration.
Using mixing native inocalation method: according to test worm quantity and feeding worm and capacity it is estimated needed for amount of soil weigh soil, prepare bacterium Strain TC-1 thallus suspension liquid (1 × 109Cfu/ml), dilution a certain concentration is added in soil, is puddled uniformly, is made soil bacteria containing amount Reach 1 × 109cfu/g、1/2×109cfu/g、1/4×109cfu/g、1/8×109Cfu/g and 1/16 × 109Cfu/g, soil Water content about 17%.It is put into 1 grub in raising box, adding potato block is feed, and filling bacterium is native, every processing test worm number 60,3 times It repeats;It is control with clear water processing soil.Processing postposition is raised at room temperature, and every 3d is checked 1 time, is deposited according to different batches test worm Situation living checks 7~10 times altogether, records dead borer population, the results are shown in Table 2.
The death rate (%)=death borer population/for test worm number × 100;
Corrected mortality (%)=(the processing death rate-control death rate)/(1- compares the death rate) × 100.
Virulence of the 2 bacterial strain TC-1 of table to grub
Virulence equation: Y=-9.8855+2.067X r=0.9747.
As shown in Table 2: bacterial strain TC-1 has apparent toxicity to grub.When concentration is up to 1 × 109When cfu/ml, correction is dead For rate up to 97.14%, half lethal concentration is 1.62 × 108cfu/ml。
Embodiment 4 is to caenorhabditis elegan toxicity test
In one layer of upper berth of low nutrition minimal medium plate sterile glass paper, bacterial strain TC-1 is coated on glassine paper, Plate is covered with to bacterium, the caenorhabditis elegan suspension of 50 μ l about 1000 is added among glassine paper, plate is divided into 20 small Area randomly chooses 5 fritters, the death condition of observed number caenorhabditis elegan under anatomical lens after 36h.3 repetitions of each processing, often Secondary observation is no less than 30 nematodes, records the borer population of total borer population and death, and stimulate nematode with hair, observes and records again after 4h dead The borer population (caenorhabditis elegan has seemingly-dead phenomenon) died, it is primary per statistics for 24 hours, it the results are shown in Table 3.
Interpretation of result: bacterial strain TC-1, which has, kills line activity, 72h to the lethality of caenorhabditis elegan up to 93.3%, dead line Worm polypide is red, and pathogenic bacteria TC-1 is separated out of dead nematode body.
Embodiment 5 is to silkworm toxicity test
Fresh mulberry leaf, clear water are cleaned, are dried.Experimental group spray concentration is 1 × 109The thallus of the bacterial strain TC-1 of cfu/ml Suspension (the front spray of leaf, and determine that each place of blade is all sprayed onto), then dry, feeding silkworm;Control group feeding is free of bacterium The mulberry leaf of strain TC-1.It is primary every observation for 24 hours, and the life or death situation of silkworm is recorded, it as a result see the table below 3.
The death rate (%)=death borer population/for test worm number × 100;
Corrected mortality (%)=(the processing death rate-control death rate)/(1- compares the death rate) × 100.
Interpretation of result: feeding silkworm with the mulberry leaf for being jetted through bacterial strain TC-1, there is silkworm larva death, the death rate after 96h in 48h successively Peak 86.6% is reached, after 144h, experimental group is all dead.And control group, the death rate is 1.6% in preceding 120h.To death Silkworm carry out the separation of pathogen, be not separated to red serratia marcescens, illustrate that the silkworm cause of death is food refusal, illustrate bacterium Strain TC-1 can prevent damage of the pest to vegetables.
Toxicity test of the embodiment 6 to diamondback moth, beet armyworm, bollworm
Worm bait is cut into 0.2 × 0.2 × 0.2cm3, it is 1 × 10 with concentration9The thallus suspension liquid of the bacterial strain TC-1 of cfu/ml 10min is impregnated, it is drained.The processed bait of experimental group test pest feeding bacterium solution, the same size of control group feeding are unused The bait of bacterium solution processing.4 repetitions, 20 insects of each repetition are arranged in each processing.It is primary every observation for 24 hours, and remember for examination The life or death situation of pest.Bollworm, which has, kills similar phenomenon, therefore every individually culture, as a result see the table below 3.The death rate (%)= Dead borer population/for test worm number × 100;
Corrected mortality (%)=(the processing death rate-control death rate)/(1- compares the death rate) × 100.
Virulence of the 3 bacterial strain TC-1 of table to part target biology
Note :-: it does not observe;+: it pupates, CK: clear water control.
Interpretation of result: bait feeding diamondback moth, beet armyworm, bollworm after bacterial strain TC-1 immersion are observed continuously 6 days, supply Examination insect has the phenomena of mortality, especially beet armyworm successively, in 48h the death rate up to 92.5%, diamondback moth and bollworm it is dead Peak is died in 72h-96h.
The experimental group diamondback moth 96h death rate is up to 75.3%;Beet armyworm, experimental group feed is slowly, insensitive to stimulating, The 48h death rate compares the death rate and there was only 7.5% up to 92.5%;Bollworm experimental group and control group feed are normal, real after 48h It is insensitive to stimulating to test group insect, and has that insect is dead successively, after 144h, the death rate is up to 92.5%, and from dead bollworm In corpse, the TC-1 of corresponding red can be separated to.
The dedicated coating agent of 7 peanut of embodiment
Peanut is coated with serratia marcescens TC-1 in April, 2015.Processing method is as follows: utilizing NB culture medium (beef extract 3.0g, peptone 5.0g, yeast powder 3.0g, sucrose 10.0g, distilled water 1000mL, 7.0,121 DEG C of high pressure sterilization 25min of pH value) Serratia marcescens TC-1 36h is cultivated, centrifugation abandons supernatant, stays thallus, then mycelium dilution to 109Cfu/mL, with peanut species Son mixes, a bunch planting kind 2, wide row 30cm, narrow row 20cm, spacing in the rows 15cm, is made with the peanut that clear water and pesticide chlopyrifos are handled To compare, as a result referring to table 4.
The effect of 4 serratia marcescens of table coating peanut
Emergence rate (%) Yield (Kg/ mus) Rate of growth (%)
Bacterium TC-1 88.19 456.33 62.98
Pesticide chlopyrifos 87.00 442 57.86
Bacterium TC-1+ medicine 92.63 447 59.64
Clear water 53.25 280
Note: rate of growth=(A-B)/B, A are bacterial strain TC-1, pesticide, the yield of bacterial strain TC-1+ pesticide-treated;B is clear water pair According to the yield of processing.
As shown in Table 4: the peanut emergence rate and yield of serratia marcescens TC-1 processing are significantly higher than clear water control, cement The peanut yield increasing rate of Serratieae TC-1 processing is higher than pesticide-treated chlopyrifos as a result, handling per acre than chlopyrifos up to 62.98% Peanut yield increasing 14Kg (increasing income about 100 yuan per acre), therefore, the present invention using viscous Serratieae replace pesticide-treated peanut species Son, the both income of environmentally friendly guaranteed peasant.
Sequence table
SEQUENCE LISTING
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<170> PatentIn version 3.5
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acaagcggtg gagcatgtgg tttaattcga tgcaacgcga agaaccttac ctactcttga 960
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cagtcggc 1448

Claims (3)

1. a kind of serratia marcescens TC-1 (Serratia marcescens), which is characterized in that the serratia marcescens TC-1 deposit number is CCTCC M 2015634.
2. a kind of application of serratia marcescens TC-1 described in claim 1 as grub insecticide.
3. a kind of application of serratia marcescens TC-1 described in claim 1 as coating agent for seed.
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