CN107006377A - A kind of milk cow milking amount detecting device and its detection method based on neutral net - Google Patents
A kind of milk cow milking amount detecting device and its detection method based on neutral net Download PDFInfo
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- CN107006377A CN107006377A CN201710260138.9A CN201710260138A CN107006377A CN 107006377 A CN107006377 A CN 107006377A CN 201710260138 A CN201710260138 A CN 201710260138A CN 107006377 A CN107006377 A CN 107006377A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01J—MANUFACTURE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS
- A01J5/00—Milking machines or devices
- A01J5/007—Monitoring milking processes; Control or regulation of milking machines
- A01J5/01—Milkmeters; Milk flow sensing devices
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of milk cow milking amount detecting device based on neutral net and its detection method, including square tube, constant current source module, infraluminescence module, triode switch module, temperature sensor, single-chip microcomputer, signal filtering amplification module, wireless communication module, radio frequency card module, infrared receiving module and master system；Infraluminescence module, constant current source module, triode switch module, temperature sensor are located at the top of square tube.Single-chip microcomputer, signal filtering amplification module, wireless communication module, radio frequency card module and infrared receiving module are located at square tube bottom.Near infrared light non-contact measurement is utilized in present system design, the algorithm of neutral net is added in design system, make detection more accurate, quick, solve the problems, such as milk cow milking amount calculate during unknown disturbances factor influence of the nonlinear change to result of calculation；Liquid, solid, semiconductor and colloid equal samples can directly be determined.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of milk cow milking amount detecting device, and in particular to a kind of milk cow milking amount based on neutral net
Detection means and its detection method.
Background technology
During milk cattle cultivating, accurately and effectively detect the real-time output of milk and daily yielding of every cow head for milk
Ox breeding enterprise grasps the situation of giving milk of every cow head, reasonably nursing milk cow, superseded low yield milk cow, increase economic benefit have
Greatly help.
At present, in small-sized pasture milking parlour to the acquisition of every cow head daily yielding information typically using by it is artificial come
The volumetric method of observation.In order to ensure the safe and healthy problem of milk supply in pasture, measurement container needs fixed time cleaning, not only takes consumption
Power, efficiency are low, while observation error also can be caused because of human factor.And it is main public using Israel A Feijin in large-scale pasture
The infrared flow meter of research and development is taken charge of, the current equipment fully relies on import, and expensive, maintenance technology is difficult, at home pasture
In can not large-scale application.The measuring device principle of milking that some pastures are used also is the method calculated based on formula mostly,
Because the presence of bubble and many unknown noises can all influence computational accuracy in the change of temperature, milk, calculating can be produced and missed
Difference.Therefore in order to mitigate tedious work amount, overcome milk cow milking amount calculate during the influence of disturbing factor propose using a kind of
With neutral net intelligent algorithm based on contactless near infrared light line detector come instead of in domestic small-sized pasture at present
The method of manual entry.
The content of the invention
For the present situation of prior art, in order to solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of milk based on neutral net
Ox is milked amount detecting device and its detection method, the drawbacks of present invention be compensate for present in domestic milk cow milking amount context of detection,
It is simple to operate, there is very positive meaning to the modernization level for improving China's milk cow production.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of milk cow milking amount detecting device based on neutral net, including square tube, constant current source module, infraluminescence mould
Block, triode switch module, temperature sensor, single-chip microcomputer, signal filtering amplification module, wireless communication module, radio frequency card module,
Infrared receiving module and master system.
The square tube horizontal positioned, square tube two ends are connected with milk transfer tube.Infraluminescence module, constant current source module, three
Pole pipe switch module, temperature sensor are located at the top of square tube.Single-chip microcomputer, signal filtering amplification module, wireless communication module, radio frequency
Card module and infrared receiving module are located at square tube bottom.Infraluminescence module, infrared receiving module and temperature sensor composition letter
Cease detection module.
The infraluminescence module is made up of two near-infrared luminous pipes, and two near-infrared luminous pipes are installed in square tube top
Portion.Near-infrared luminous pipe provides stable near infrared light.
The constant current source module provides continuous current for near-infrared luminous pipe, it is ensured that luminous stability.
The triode switch module is from chip of the triode as control contactor, triode and single-chip microcomputer and closely
Infraluminescence pipe is connected, by single-chip microcomputer control input signal, the circuit turn-on when input high level, otherwise circuit disconnects, with
This carrys out the circulation transmitting of regulating near-infrared luminous tube.
The temperature sensor is used for the operating temperature of detection means, and temperature sensor is connected with single-chip microcomputer.
The infrared receiving module is made up of eight infrared receiving tubes, two of which infrared receiving tube and two near-infrared hairs
Light pipe is just to installing, and remaining six infrared receiving tube is separately mounted to around described two infrared receiving tubes per triplets.It is red
Outer reception pipe receives the infrared light of near-infrared luminous pipe transmitting.
The radio frequency card module, including electron radio-frequency and radio-frequency card reader, electron radio-frequency are arranged on milk cow.Penetrate
Frequency card reader coordinates for reading milk cow identity information with electron radio-frequency, by the individual flow detection information of milk cow and milk cow identity
Information is corresponding, realizes the statistics to every cow head milk amount information, and the situation of giving milk per cow head is grasped in real time.
The wireless communication module, the information of voltage for obtaining infrared receiving tube by way of electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted,
The data such as the temperature information that temperature sensor is obtained radio to master system, and master system passes through wireless receiving module
Receive information.
The signal filtering amplification module constitutes (each operational amplifier four letters of amplification simultaneously by two operational amplifiers
Number), the weak voltage signals received for amplifying in infrared receiving tube.
The single-chip microcomputer is STM32 single-chip minimum systems, is the core of milk stream flowing detection.Single-chip microcomputer respectively with three poles
Pipe switch module, information detecting module, radio frequency card module, wireless communication module and the connection of signal filtering amplification module.Single-chip microcomputer
Turn by controlling the circulation of triode switch module regulating near-infrared luminous tube to launch, by ADC simulation numerals built in single-chip microcomputer
Parallel operation carry out A D data conversions, information transfer carried out by wireless communication module and master system, while single-chip microcomputer is system
Clocking information is provided.
The master system is PC；PC is used to handle the data received.
The invention further relates to a kind of near infrared light milk stream flowing detection method based on neutral net, step is as follows：
1st, single-chip microcomputer controls two near-infrared luminous pipe circulation transmittings, and near infrared light is through the milk irradiation for flowing through square tube
Onto infrared receiving tube, infrared receiving tube receive infrared signal, obtain sub-thread milk from first near-infrared luminous pipe position to
Second near-infrared luminous pipe position time T used when flowing through and this strand of milk flow velocity v.The time T and flow velocity v are calculated
Process is as follows：
When infrared receiving tube detects the milk for flowing into square tube foremost by first near-infrared luminous pipe horizontal level
When, single-chip microcomputer timer open timing, when detect milk foremost pass through second near-infrared luminous pipe horizontal level when, protect
Deposit timer this time point at moment T1(unit：Us), when detecting milk end by second near-infrared luminous pipe horizontal position
When putting, timer this time point at moment T is preserved2(unit：us).Two near-infrared luminous tube pitch are definite value H (units：mm).
In milk transfer tube sub-thread milk flow through the speed of square tube can be as constant speed, then the velocity magnitude corresponding to it is (unit：mm/
us):
2nd, single-chip microcomputer is by step 1) in the infrared signal that receives of infrared receiving tube changed by signal filtering amplification module
Into voltage signal, by single-chip microcomputer A D conversions become data signal；With first near-infrared luminous pipe just to the infrared of installation
The signal that reception pipe is collected is designated as U1, the signal that seven infrared receiving tubes are collected in addition is designated as U respectively2、U3、U4、U5、U6、
U7、U8.Single-chip microcomputer controls wireless communication module by the U collected1、U2、U3、U4、U5、U6、U7、U8, temperature sensor detects
Time T in unit temp value, step (1)2Value is sent to master system.Master system calculates milk thickness value dmathIt is (single
Position：mm)；The milk thickness value dmathComputational methods are as follows：
Known according to Beer-Lambert law, when extinction material milk of a branch of infrared light perpendicular through uniform non-scatter,
In milk concn c (units：G/L) a timing, its absorbance A and milk dmathThickness is directly proportional, i.e.,：
Wherein k is proportionality coefficient definite value (can formula 2 is obtained during milk full packages in square tube), I0For incident intensity,
I after near-infrared luminous cast number is determined0For definite value, milk concn c can be measured by existing milk concn.I1To be saturating
Penetrate luminous intensity, I0And I1Unit is candela, is calculated by formula (3)：
R is definite value wherein in signal filtering amplification module, and unit is k Ω, and multiplication factor n is definite value.
3rd, it can be obtained by formula (2)：
There is bubble during milk cow milking, in milk so that flow through detection means square tube for biphase gas and liquid flow, because
This dmathCalculating can have an error, therefore predict milk thickness from neural network algorithm, increase accuracy of detection, specific side
Method is：
Master system is by the U collected1、U2、U3、U4、U5、U6、U7、U8, the unit temp value that detects of temperature sensor
With the d calculatedmathThis ten parameters as neural network algorithm input, by existing BP neural network technique drill iteration
Calculate the prediction output for obtaining neutral net, the milk thickness d as predictedBP, unit is mm.
4th, square tube width value is set as l, and high length is l, and width and height value unit are mm, are obtained instantaneously according to formula (4)
(unit is mm to moment milk cross-sectional area S2)：
S=ldBP (4)
(unit is mm to instantaneous moment milk stream flowing q3/ us) obtained according to formula (5)：
Q=Sv (5)
The volume V for obtaining sub-thread milk is integrated to above formula according to formula (6)d(unit is mm3)：
Milk milking operation milker is pulsating, and single head milk cow milking process is formed by the sub-thread milk of n times, N
The milk number of share of stock for flowing through square tube stored for single-chip microcomputer Counter, the value is the value of counter, and single head is obtained according to formula (7)
The amount of the milking V (units of milk cow：mm3),：
The present invention uses based on contactless near infrared light line detector and neural network algorithm is added at data
In reason method, improve computational accuracy, solve the nonlinear change pair of unknown disturbances factor during milk cow milking amount is calculated
The influence problem of result of calculation.
Advantages of the present invention
1st, utilize near infrared light non-contact measurement in present system design, make detection it is more accurate, quick, efficiently,
It is convenient, it is applied widely, it can directly determine liquid, solid, semiconductor and colloid equal samples.
2nd, the present invention is respectively uniformly arranged three auxiliary detection infrared receiving tubes near two main detection infrared receiving tubes, connects
The near infrared light by bubble diffusing reflection and refraction is received, accuracy of detection can be increased.
3rd, from the near red of low-power scm, ultra-low power consumption wireless communication module and low-power consumption in system circuit design
Outer luminous tube, reduces energy resource consumption in validity period.
4th, present system job stability is high, and the electronics such as sensor member has been taken into full account during hardware circuit design
Influence is interfered between device, it is considered to the filtering and interference of signal；It is simultaneously also abundant in SCM program design process
Consider program Anti-interference Design.
5th, the present invention is carried out data transmission using wireless communication mode, and wireless transmission distance is remote, in extensive milk cattle cultivating
Using more convenient in.
6th, the present invention adds the algorithm of neutral net in design system, solves unknown during milk cow milking amount is calculated
Influence problem of the nonlinear change of disturbing factor to result of calculation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is detection means general structure block diagram.
Fig. 2 is detection means hardware the general frame.
Fig. 3 is single-chip microcomputer figure.
Fig. 4 is infraluminescence circuit theory diagrams
Fig. 5 is near-infrared luminous pipe and infrared receiving tube schematic view of the mounting position
Fig. 6 is structure of seal box schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is neural network algorithm schematic network structure
In figure：1st, constant current source module, 2, infraluminescence module, 3, infrared receiving module, 4, signal filtering amplification module, 5,
Triode switch module, 6, single-chip microcomputer, 7, master system, 8, wireless communication module, 9, computer power transformer, 10, radio frequency
Card module, 11, temperature sensor, 12, near-infrared luminous pipe, 13, infrared receiving tube, 14, ADC analog-digital converters, 15, near
Infraluminescence pipe A, 16, near-infrared luminous pipe B, 17, infrared receiving tube A1,18, infrared receiving tube A2,19, infrared receiving tube A3,
20th, infrared receiving tube A4,21, infrared receiving tube B1,22, infrared receiving tube B2,23, infrared receiving tube B3,24, infrared receiving tube
B4,25, square tube upper circuit board, 26, square tube lower circuit board, 27, square tube, 28, seal box, 29, nerve network input parameter,
30th, neutral net is exported, and 31, neural network input layer, 32, neutral net hidden layer, 33, neutral net output layer.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are introduced in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Constant current source module 1, infraluminescence module 2, triode switch module 5, temperature sensor 11 are arranged on as shown in Figure 6
On the upper circuit board circuit board 25 at the top of square tube 27, single-chip microcomputer 6, signal filtering amplification module 4, wireless communication module 8, radio frequency
Card module 10 and infrared receiving module 3 are arranged on the square tube lower circuit board 26 of the bottom of square tube 25, by square tube 27, top circuit
Plate circuit board 25, square tube lower circuit board 26 are arranged in seal box 28, the horizontal positioned of seal box 28, and the two ends of square tube 25 are with milking
Milk transfer tube links together in the Room.Operationally, computer power transformer 9 provides stable direct current for device to detection means
Power supply, the output constant current electric current of constant current source module 1 is that near-infrared luminous pipe 12 provides stabling current to ensure luminous stabilization.Top
Board circuit plate 25 installs two near-infrared luminous pipe A15 and near-infrared luminous pipe B16, near-infrared luminous pipe A 15 and near red
Outer luminous tube B 16 is located in seal box directly over square tube, and spacing is 50mm.Near-infrared luminous pipe A 15 and near-infrared luminous pipe B
16 are launched by the loop control of triode switch module 5, and mounting temperature sensor 11 is detected in real time on upper circuit board circuit board 25
Unit temp.
On square tube lower circuit board 26, single-chip microcomputer 6, signal filtering amplification module 4, wireless communication module 8, radio frequency are installed
Card module 10 and infrared receiving module 3.Single-chip microcomputer 6 is the core of whole system, controls the operation of whole system, single-chip microcomputer
6 control near-infrared luminous pipe A15 and near-infrared luminous pipe B16 circulation transmittings, and the Infrared irradiation that near-infrared luminous pipe is sent is arrived
Milk in transfer tube, by absorption light intensity decreasing of the milk to infrared light, through milk infrared light by infrared receiving tube 18,
Infrared receiving tube 19, infrared receiving tube 20, infrared receiving tube 21, infrared receiving tube 22, infrared receiving tube 23, infrared receiving tube 24
Receiving corresponding infrared signal, (wherein infrared receiving tube A1 17 and infrared receiving tube B1 21 are received as main detection reception pipe
15th, 16 infrared light, its data received are used for milk thickness, flow velocity, time detecting, infrared receiving tube 18-20,22-
24 receive the near-infrared luminous pipe A15 and near-infrared luminous pipe B16 portion by bubble diffusing reflection and refraction as auxiliary reception pipe
Divide near infrared light, its data received is used for neural network algorithm), the infrared signal that infrared receiving tube is received is by letter
Number filter and amplification module 4 is converted into voltage signal, then is changed into digital letter from the built-in ADC analog-digital converters 14 of single-chip microcomputer 6
Number.The unit temp that single-chip microcomputer control wireless communication module 8 data that collect infrared receiving tube, temperature sensor are detected
The time value that value, sub-thread milk flow through square tube is sent to the progress data processing of master system 7.In addition all worn on milk cow individual
Have number card (begin to from young ox distinguish milk cow numbering each cow head identity in current pasture, the card is a kind of radio-frequency card,
On the ears of an ox or cow), ox number is distinguished by the radio-frequency card reader automatic identification module of radio frequency card module 10, the purpose is to will be upper
The data on flows that machine system 7 is obtained is mapped with specific per cow head.
Be stored with the milk cow milking amount information management system write according to prior art based on LabVIEW in master system 7
Software of uniting controls the transmission and data processing of whole system data.Master system 7 is examined by wireless transmission method receiving terminal
The data message that device is collected is surveyed, the data collected are stored, handled and analyzed, the amount of milking data are obtained.
In use, calculating milk stream flowing according to the following steps：
1st, single-chip microcomputer 6 controls near-infrared luminous pipe A15 and near-infrared luminous pipe B16 to circulate transmitting, and near infrared light is passed through
The milk for flowing through square tube is irradiated on infrared receiving tube 17-24, and infrared receiving tube receives infrared signal, obtains sub-thread milk from the
One near-infrared luminous pipe (near-infrared luminous pipe A15) position to second near-infrared luminous pipe (near-infrared luminous pipe A16) position
Put the flow velocity v of time T used when flowing through and this strand of milk.The time T and flow velocity v calculating process are as follows：
When the milk that infrared receiving tube detects inflow square tube passes through near-infrared luminous pipe A15 horizontal levels foremost,
Single-chip microcomputer timer open timing, when detect milk foremost pass through near-infrared luminous pipe B16 horizontal levels when, preserve timing
Device this time point at moment T1(unit：Us), when detecting milk end by near-infrared luminous pipe B16 horizontal levels, preserve
Timer this time point at moment T2(unit：us).Spacing is definite value H between near-infrared luminous pipe A15 and near-infrared luminous pipe B16
(unit：mm).In milk transfer tube sub-thread milk flow through the speed of square tube can be as constant speed, then the velocity magnitude corresponding to it is
(unit：mm/us):
2nd, single-chip microcomputer 6 is by step 1) in the infrared signal that receives of infrared receiving tube pass through 4 turns of signal filtering amplification module
Change voltage signal into, data signal is become by the built-in ADC analog-digital converters 14 of single-chip microcomputer；With near-infrared luminous pipe
A15 is just designated as U to the infrared receiving tube A1 17 of the installation signals collected1, in addition seven infrared receiving tube 18-24 collect
Signal be designated as U respectively2、U3、U4、U5、U6、U7、U8.Single-chip microcomputer 6 controls wireless communication module by the U collected1、U2、U3、U4、
U5、U6、U7、U8, temperature sensor 11 detect unit temp value, time T in step (1)2Value is sent to master system.On
Position machine system 7 calculates milk thickness value dmath(unit：mm)；The milk thickness value dmathComputational methods are as follows：
Known according to Beer-Lambert law, when extinction material milk of a branch of infrared light perpendicular through uniform non-scatter,
In milk concn c (units：G/L) a timing, its absorbance A and milk dmathThickness is directly proportional, i.e.,：
Wherein k is proportionality coefficient definite value (can formula 2 is obtained during milk full packages in square tube), I0For incident intensity,
I after near-infrared luminous cast number is determined0For definite value, milk concn c can be measured by existing milk concn.I1To be saturating
Penetrate luminous intensity, I0And I1Unit is candela, can be calculated by formula (3)：
R is definite value wherein in signal filtering amplification module 4, and unit is k Ω, and multiplication factor n is definite value.
It can be obtained by formula (2)：
3rd, there is bubble during because of milk cow milking, in milk so that flow through detection means square tube for biphase gas and liquid flow,
Therefore dmathCalculating can have an error, therefore predict milk thickness from neural network algorithm, increase accuracy of detection, specifically
Method is as follows：
Master system 7 is by the U collected1、U2、U3、U4、U5、U6、U7、U8, the device temperature that detects of temperature sensor 11
Angle value and the d calculatedmathThis ten parameters as neural network algorithm input, by existing BP neural network technique drill
Iterative calculation obtains the prediction output of neutral net, the milk thickness d as predictedBP, unit is mm.
4th, square tube width value is l, and high length is l, and width and height value unit are mm, when obtaining instantaneous according to formula (4)
Carving milk cross-sectional area S, (unit is mm2)：
S=ldBP (4)
(unit is mm to instantaneous moment milk stream flowing q3/ us) obtained according to formula (5)：
Q=Sv (5)
The volume V for obtaining sub-thread milk is integrated to above formula according to formula (6)d(unit is mm3)：
Milk milking operation milker is pulsating, and single head milk cow milking process is formed by the sub-thread milk of n times, N
The milk number of share of stock for flowing through square tube 27 stored for the Counter of single-chip microcomputer 6, the value is the value of counter, is obtained according to formula (7)
The amount of the milking V (units of single head ox：mm3),：
The present invention uses based on contactless near infrared light line detector and neural network algorithm is added at data
In reason method, improve computational accuracy, solve the nonlinear change pair of unknown disturbances factor during milk cow milking amount is calculated
The influence problem of result of calculation.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of milk cow milking amount detecting device based on neutral net, it is characterised in that including square tube, constant current source module, infrared
Light emitting module, triode switch module, temperature sensor, single-chip microcomputer, signal filtering amplification module, wireless communication module, radio frequency
Card module, infrared receiving module and master system；
The square tube horizontal positioned, square tube two ends are connected with milk transfer tube；Infraluminescence module, constant current source module, triode
Switch module, temperature sensor are located at the top of square tube；Single-chip microcomputer, signal filtering amplification module, wireless communication module, radio frequency snap gauge
Block and infrared receiving module are located at square tube bottom；Infraluminescence module, infrared receiving module and temperature sensor composition information inspection
Survey module；
The infraluminescence module is made up of two near-infrared luminous pipes, and two near-infrared luminous pipes are installed at the top of square tube；
Near-infrared luminous pipe provides stable near infrared light；
The constant current source module provides continuous current for near-infrared luminous pipe, it is ensured that luminous stability；
The triode switch module is from chip of the triode as control contactor, triode and single-chip microcomputer and near-infrared
Luminous tube is connected, by single-chip microcomputer control input signal, the circuit turn-on when input high level, otherwise circuit disconnects, and is come with this
The circulation transmitting of regulating near-infrared luminous tube；
The temperature sensor is used for the operating temperature of detection means, and temperature sensor is connected with single-chip microcomputer；
The infrared receiving module is made up of eight infrared receiving tubes, two of which infrared receiving tube and two near-infrared luminous pipes
Just to installing, remaining six infrared receiving tube is separately mounted to around described two infrared receiving tubes per triplets；It is infrared to connect
Closed tube receives the infrared light of near-infrared luminous pipe transmitting；
The radio frequency card module, including electron radio-frequency and radio-frequency card reader, electron radio-frequency are arranged on milk cow；Radio frequency is read
Card device coordinates for reading milk cow identity information with electron radio-frequency, by the individual flow detection information of milk cow and milk cow identity information
It is corresponding, the statistics to every cow head milk amount information is realized, the situation of giving milk per cow head is grasped in real time；
The wireless communication module, the information of voltage for obtaining infrared receiving tube by way of electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted, temperature
The data such as the temperature information that sensor is obtained radio to master system, and master system is received by wireless receiving module
Information；
The signal filtering amplification module is made up of two operational amplifiers, and each operational amplifier amplifies four signals simultaneously,
The weak voltage signals received for amplifying in infrared receiving tube；
The single-chip microcomputer respectively with triode switch module, information detecting module, radio frequency card module, wireless communication module and signal
Filter and amplification module is connected；Single-chip microcomputer is by controlling the circulation of triode switch module regulating near-infrared luminous tube to launch, pass through
ADC analog-digital converters built in single-chip microcomputer carry out A D data conversions, believed by wireless communication module and master system
Breath transmission, while single-chip microcomputer provides clocking information for system；
The master system is PC；PC is used to handle the data received.
2. a kind of milk cow milking amount detection detection method based on neutral net as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step
It is rapid as follows：
1) single-chip microcomputer controls two near-infrared luminous pipe circulation transmittings, and near infrared light is irradiated to red through the milk for flowing through square tube
In outer reception pipe, infrared receiving tube receives infrared signal, obtains sub-thread milk from first near-infrared luminous pipe position to second
Individual near-infrared luminous pipe position time T used when flowing through and this strand of milk flow velocity v；Time T and flow velocity the v calculating process
It is as follows：
It is single when the milk that infrared receiving tube detects inflow square tube passes through first near-infrared luminous pipe horizontal level foremost
Piece machine timer open timing, when detect milk foremost pass through second near-infrared luminous pipe horizontal level when, preserve meter
When device this time point at moment T1, unit：Us, when detecting milk end by second near-infrared luminous pipe horizontal level,
Preserve timer this time point at moment T2, unit：us；Two near-infrared luminous tube pitch are definite value H, unit：mm；Milk is transmitted
In pipe sub-thread milk flow through the speed of square tube can be as constant speed, then the speed corresponding to it；Unit：mm/us:
2) single-chip microcomputer is by step 1) in the infrared signal that receives of infrared receiving tube be converted into electricity by signal filtering amplification module
Press signal, by single-chip microcomputer A D conversion become data signal；Infrared receiver with first near-infrared luminous pipe just to installation
The signal that pipe is collected is designated as U1, the signal that seven infrared receiving tubes are collected in addition is designated as U respectively2、U3、U4、U5、U6、U7、U8；
Single-chip microcomputer controls wireless communication module by the U collected1、U2、U3、U4、U5、U6、U7、U8, the device temperature that detects of temperature sensor
Time T in angle value, step (1)2Value is sent to master system；Master system calculates milk thickness value dmath, unit：mm；
The milk thickness value dmathComputational methods are as follows：
Known according to Beer-Lambert law, when extinction material milk of a branch of infrared light perpendicular through uniform non-scatter, in ox
The timing of milk concentration c one, c units：G/L, its absorbance A and milk dmathThickness is directly proportional, i.e.,：
Wherein k is proportionality coefficient definite value, and k is obtained in square tube during milk full packages with formula (2)；I0For incident intensity, near-infrared
I after luminous tube model is determined0For definite value, milk concn c can be measured by existing milk concn；I1For transmitted light intensity
Degree, I0And I1Unit is candela, is calculated by formula (3)：
R is definite value wherein in signal filtering amplification module, and unit is k Ω, and multiplication factor n is definite value；
3) it can be obtained by formula (2)：
There is bubble during milk cow milking, in milk so that flow through detection means square tube for biphase gas and liquid flow, therefore dmath
Calculating can have an error, therefore predict milk thickness from neural network algorithm, increase accuracy of detection, specific method is：
Master system is by the U collected1、U2、U3、U4、U5、U6、U7、U8, the unit temp value that detects of temperature sensor and meter
The d calculatedmathThis ten parameters are iterated to calculate as the input of neural network algorithm by existing BP neural network technique drill
Obtain the prediction output of neutral net, the milk thickness d as predictedBP, unit is mm；
4) square tube width value is set as l, and high length is l, and width and height value unit are mm, and instantaneous moment is obtained according to formula (4)
Milk cross-sectional area S, unit is mm2：
S=ldBP (4)
Instantaneous moment milk stream flowing q units are mm3/ us, q are obtained according to formula (5)：
Q=Sv (5)
The volume V for obtaining sub-thread milk is integrated to above formula according to formula (6)d, unit is mm3：
Milk milking operation milker is pulsating, and single head milk cow milking process is formed by the sub-thread milk of n times, and N is single
The milk number of share of stock for flowing through square tube of piece machine Counter storage, the amount of the milking V of single head milk cow, unit are obtained according to formula (7)：
mm3：
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108401913A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-08-17 | 李冬至 | A kind of devices and methods therefor of on-line checking milk stream flowing |
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| CN107006377B (en) | 2020-01-07 |
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