CN107002913A - 多层可膨胀软管 - Google Patents

多层可膨胀软管 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107002913A
CN107002913A CN201580061915.6A CN201580061915A CN107002913A CN 107002913 A CN107002913 A CN 107002913A CN 201580061915 A CN201580061915 A CN 201580061915A CN 107002913 A CN107002913 A CN 107002913A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
inner tube
smooth coating
hose
hose according
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201580061915.6A
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English (en)
Other versions
CN107002913B (zh
Inventor
克里斯·拉图利普
凯文·蔡
罗恩·埃勒特森
蒂莫西·L·查普曼
斯蒂夫·科雷亚
迈克尔·梅洛
保罗·伯克
达内尔·C·沃利二世
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Point West Pace Co
Teknor Apex Co
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Point West Pace Co
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Publication date
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Publication of CN107002913A publication Critical patent/CN107002913A/zh
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Publication of CN107002913B publication Critical patent/CN107002913B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

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    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
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Abstract

一种可膨胀软管组件,响应于向软管的内管至少施加最小流体压力,该可膨胀软管组件可在沿软管端头之间的软管的纵长轴线的纵向上以及径向上中的一者或多者膨胀至膨胀状态。一旦流体压力降到所述最小流体压力之下,软管将收缩。所述软管包括热塑性弹性体内层和在其上的具有增加该软管组件寿命的润滑性能的滑爽涂层。该软管组件可包括覆盖所述内管和滑爽涂层的外护套或覆盖件。

Description

多层可膨胀软管
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可膨胀软管组件,响应于向软管的内管至少施加最小流体压力,该可膨胀软管组件可在沿软管端头之间的软管的纵长轴线的纵向以及径向中的一者或多者膨胀至膨胀状态。一旦流体压力降到所述最小流体压力之下,软管将收缩。所述软管包括热塑性弹性体内层和在其上的具有增加该软管组件寿命的润滑性能的滑爽涂层(slipcoating layer)。该软管组件可包括覆盖所述内管和滑爽涂层的外护套或覆盖件。
背景技术
相比于未受压或收缩状态的软管的长度,在流体压力下沿其长度纵向地膨胀数倍的软管由于多种原因受到欢迎,这些原因包括但不限于结构重量轻以及在不使用时易于储存。
此类软管可从多个供应源商购获得。此类软管还在多个专利和出版物中进行了描述,参见例如,下述美国专利号:6,948,527;7,549,448;8,371,143;8,776,836;8,291,942;8,479,776;8,757,213;以及下述美国专利申请公开号:2014/0150889和2014/0130930。
美国专利申请公开号2015/0007902涉及一种可收缩压力软管,其包括入口接头、出口接头、内弹性管、外罩,以及设置为降低所述内弹性管和外罩之间的磨损(chafing)的润滑剂。在该软管中,所述润滑剂可包含:固体润滑剂,如固体石蜡或其它滑的固体;液体润滑剂,如橄榄油或其它滑的液体;或固体润滑剂和/或液体润滑剂的组合。
一些长度可膨胀软管存在的问题是,在多次膨胀和收缩循环后,在沿其长度的一点或多点处(例如,在软管的端部与连接器或配件的连接点处)它们可能扭结、凸起、失效和/或泄漏。
本发明的另一个问题是需要一种具有表现出所需的抗咬破或切割性的软管-联接器连接的软管组件,因为已知本领域的一些软管在连接至联接器时会失效。
发明内容
上述和其它问题通过本发明的软管组件得以解决。本发明的软管组件包括在纵向上和/或径向上可膨胀的软管或管,所述软管或管包括弹性内层和直接在所述软管或管上包含润滑剂的相对刚性的外滑爽涂层,其中意想不到地发现,即使所述刚性外滑爽涂层在所述内层的第一次膨胀后可能断裂或破裂,该构造增加所述软管组件的循环寿命。
根据本发明的一个目的或实施例,软管组件公开为包括柔性软管,所述柔性软管能沿其纵向轴线膨胀,并能经受径向膨胀,其中当大于或等于最小流体压力的压力施加至所述软管(更具体地,所述组件的内管)时,所述软管从收缩或未膨胀状态或位置膨胀至膨胀状态或位置。当流体压力降至最小流体压力之下时,所述软管的内管将收缩。
本发明的另一目的或实施例是提供一种软管组件,所述软管组件包括柔性软管,所述柔性软管膨胀至长度为未膨胀位置软管长度的至少两倍的膨胀位置。
本发明的再一目的或实施例是提供一种软管组件,所述软管组件包括:软管,所述软管具有弹性体的内管和在所述内管上的相对刚性的外滑爽涂层,其中所述软管组件足够耐久以经受住至少500、1000且优选地1500次的膨胀循环。膨胀循环在本申请中被定义为在软管组件的内管上执行膨胀,所述软管组件包括:内管,内管上具有滑爽涂层;外罩;以及在所述软管组件每一端的联接器,所述膨胀通过向所述内管的内表面施加流体压力,如范围在环境压力下测定为40-65psi(每平方英寸的磅数)(275.8-448.2kPa)的流体(例如,水和/或气体,如空气),使得内管在径向上和纵向上的一者或多者上膨胀,其中流体压力被施加1-4秒,然后通过将流体压力降低至环境大气压力使所述软管组件的内管在径向上和纵向上的一者或多者上收缩至收缩状态。膨胀循环的速率设定的方式使得在膨胀循环之间具有最少量的时间,且范围为1-4秒。
本发明的另一目的或实施例是提供一种软管组件,所述软管组件包括:外罩,所述外罩可为弹性的或非弹性的,且保护柔性弹性内管和滑爽涂层不与周围环境接触。
本发明的又一目的或实施例是提供一种软管组件,所述软管组件具有位于所述柔性软管至少一端处的套筒或应力消除装置,其邻近联接器,并从所述联接器沿所述软管的长度延伸一纵向距离,其中所述套筒增加所述软管的寿命并有助于在软管端的抗咬破性和防止弯曲应力中的一者或多者,其中所述软管连接至软管的联接器,如公联接器(malecoupler)或母联接器(female coupler)。对于采用带有宽底螺母和箍(ferrule)的压紧型配件的软管而言,更期望的是在外护罩或覆盖件下面具有套筒。对于采用内膨胀配件的软管而言,更期望的是在外护罩或覆盖件的外面具有套筒。
本发明的再一目的或实施例是提供一种软管组件,所述软管组件包括柔性软管,所述柔性软管具有弹性内管,所述弹性内管在所述软管的一端处所述内管的径向厚度相比位于距离所述软管的所述端更远处的至少一个邻近段的径向厚度更大。在一个实施例中,在所述软管端部处的内管厚度在离开所述内管的所述端部的方向上渐变并且厚度逐渐减小。该内管还可被发泡(闭孔)以进一步减少重量。
本发明的另一目的或实施例是提供一种软管组件,所述软管组件对于一个或多个膨胀和收缩是抗扭结和抗突起的。
本发明的再一目的或实施例是提供一种软管组件,所述软管组件满足消费者和商业用户两者的需要。内管被配制为在外管、护套或覆盖件保护内管免遭危害失效的情况下提供改善的抗穿刺性或韧性。
本发明的又一目的或实施例是提供一种软管组件,所述软管组件具有在柔性弹性内管上的滑爽涂层,该滑爽涂层在制造商将内管手动或自动插入外护套或覆盖件的情况下极大方便于加工好的产品的装配。
本发明的又一重要目的或实施例是提高可膨胀软管组件的耐久性。
在一方面,描述了软管组件的实施例,该软管组件包括:内管,所述内管包括弹性材料;以及滑爽涂层,所述滑爽涂层与所述内管直接接触,并包含润滑剂和载体材料的共混物,优选地包含聚合物,其中所述内管具有以下中的一种或多种:a)在低于最小膨胀压力处于收缩位置时的纵向上的第一长度,以及当在所述内管的内部的流体压力等于或大于所述最小膨胀压力时比所述第一长度长的第二长度;以及b)在低于最小膨胀压力处于收缩位置时的第一半径,以及当在所述内管的内部的流体压力等于或大于所述最小膨胀压力时比所述第一半径大的第二半径。
在另一方面,描述了软管组件的实施例,该软管组件包括:包括:内管,所述内管包括能在长度上和/或径向上膨胀,从而实现管径的增加的弹性材料;滑爽涂层,所述滑爽涂层存在于所述内管的外表面上,所述滑爽涂层包含润滑剂和载体材料的共混物,优选地包含聚合物;所述滑爽涂层在收缩状态和膨胀状态下都连续地或不连续地覆盖所述内管,其中在其上具有滑爽涂层的内管位于外覆盖件内。
附图说明
通过结合附图阅读具体实施方式,本发明将得到更好的理解,而且其它的特征和优点将变得显而易见,其中:
图1为处于收缩状态的本发明的软管组件的一个实施例的部分纵向截面侧视图;
图2为处于膨胀状态的本发明的软管组件的一个实施例的部分纵向截面侧视图;
图3为沿图1中的线3-3截取的软管组件的部分截面图;
图4为处于收缩状态的本发明的软管组件的一个实施例的部分纵向截面侧视图,其中软管组件还包括软管套筒;以及
图5为本发明的软管组件的一个实施例的部分纵向截面侧视图,示出了在管的端部附近具有较大厚度的内管,该较大厚度逐渐减小为较小厚度,其中特别示出了渐变的厚度。
具体实施方式
在本说明书中,在一个实施例中所公开的数字分别是设定值,不论词语“大约”或“大概”等是否与其结合使用。另外,当术语,例如“大约”或“大概”与某值一起使用时,在不同的其它独立实施例中,该数值范围也可以1%、2%、5%或更多变动。
本发明的软管组件包括内管,响应于在内部施加至内管的至少最小流体压力,该内管可以下述方式中的一种或多种膨胀至膨胀位置或状态:a)沿软管的纵向长度在管端部之间膨胀;以及b)径向地膨胀。当管内的流体压力降低至最小流体压力之下时,内管收缩至收缩位置或状态。相对刚性的外滑爽涂层位于所述内管的外表面上,即使是在内管的第一次膨胀后所述涂层由于断裂或破裂而可能不连续,并意想不到地提高了该软管组件的耐久性,该耐久性由相比于没有滑爽涂层的软管组件在失效之前能经受住的膨胀和收缩循环的次数增加得以证明。该软管组件还意想不到地在内管连接至联接器的区域表现出增加的抗咬破性。
现参照附图,其中在几个图中,相同的附图标记表示相同的零部件。软管组件10在图1和图2中示出,其中图1示出了收缩位置的软管组件,而图2示出了膨胀位置的软管组件。软管组件10包括入口14和出口16,流体通道12位于两者之间。该软管组件包括在联接器(参见例如,公联接器60和母联接器70)之间延伸的内管20。内管20是自膨胀的和自收缩的。内管20具有内表面22和外表面24,例如参见图1-3。当流体(例如,该软管组件被用作花园软管时,为水)被引入内管20并在内表面22上至少施加最小流体压力时,内管20在联接器60、70之间纵向膨胀至膨胀位置。当流体压力降低至最小流体压力以下时,内管20松弛或收缩。内管20由能够纵向膨胀至长度通常为其松弛或收缩状态时长度的至少1.5倍或两倍,理想地两倍至四倍,且优选地至少四倍的材料制成。另外或作为另外一种选择,在一些实施例中,当达到或超过最小流体压力时,内管20有能力径向向外膨胀。该径向膨胀使得内管20的直径或外周增大。
取决于用于构造内管20的材料,内管20的厚度可不同。在各种实施例中,根据于收缩位置在径向方向所测量,内管的厚度的范围一般为约1.3mm至约2.5mm,理想地为约1.5mm至约2.2mm,优选地为约1.65mm至约1.90mm。
软管组件10还包括护套或外管覆盖件40,所述护套或外管覆盖件40也连接在第一和第二联接器(参见例如,公联接器60和母联接器70)之间。在一个实施例中,外管覆盖件40未连接或附接至在联接器之间的内管20或外滑爽涂层30。换一种说法,外管覆盖件40沿在外管覆盖件40的第一端和第二端之间的内管20和滑爽涂层30的整个长度优选未附接至、未连接至、未粘合至以及未固定至内管20或滑爽涂层30,因而当软管组件膨胀或收缩时,外管覆盖件40能够相对于内管20和滑爽涂层30自由移动。在一个实施例中,内管20的膨胀受限于外管覆盖件40的尺寸,即受限于外管覆盖件40的最大内直径。外管覆盖件40构造为保护内管20和滑爽涂层30免受诸如切割、摩擦、磨损、穿刺、过度膨胀(爆裂)或紫外线暴露。外管覆盖件40可由任何连续或不连续、弹性或非弹性的材料形成,其中在一个实施例中,非弹性材料是优选的。
在各种实施例中,所述外管覆盖件40可为编织的或织造的。非织造织物也在一些实施例中使用。在其它的实施例中,该外管由非织造材料,例如膜、纤维增强膜、片材或相似结构形成。合适的材料包括但不限于:聚烯烃、聚酯以及聚酰胺如尼龙。聚丙烯或聚酯护套在一些实施例中是优选的。外管覆盖件40应由柔韧且足够牢固的材料形成以经受住可由内管20的外表面24施加的预期内压。外管覆盖件40的厚度取决于所用的纱旦尼尔(yarndenier)。这由上述预期的内压决定。
在本发明的一个重要的方面中,滑爽涂层30被设置在内管20的外表面24上,参见图1-5。在一个优选的实施例中,滑爽涂层30可挤压到内管20层上或与内管20层共挤出。只要滑爽涂层执行其预定功能,其它施加方法也是可接受的。出人意料地发现,相比只有内管20,施加至内管20的滑爽涂层30为软管组件提供了更长的循环寿命。另外,相比只有内管20,已发现滑爽涂层30改善抗咬破性,因为相比内管20,其为相对较硬的材料。
滑爽涂层30可为连续或不连续的层。在一个优选的实施例中,在施加该滑爽涂层后,至少在内管20的首次膨胀前,滑爽涂层是连续的。取决于滑爽涂层30的厚度,在内管20一次或多次膨胀后,相对薄的层可能表现出破裂、裂开、碎裂、龟裂等等。然而重要的是,已发现此类层仍然有效。即便如此,滑爽涂层30在径向上测量的初始厚度的范围一般为约0.025mm至约0.51mm,理想地为约0.05mm至约0.25mm,且优选地为约0.10mm至约0.20mm,或约0.15mm。
如图1-4所示,滑爽涂层30位于内管20和外管覆盖件40之间。在一个优选的实施例中,滑爽涂层在第一联接器和第二联接器(例如,公联接器60和母联接器70)之间不直接连接至外管覆盖件40,使得外管覆盖件40在软管组件10的膨胀和收缩期间可相对于滑爽涂层30滑动或以其他方式移动。在膨胀位置,滑爽涂层30的外表面与外管覆盖件40的内表面接触。
如上所述,软管组件10包括在第一端处的公联接器60和在第二端处的母联接器70。公联接器60包括连接至杆(stem)64的螺纹段62。在一个实施例中,杆64插入到在其外表面上包括滑爽涂层30的内管20中。在一个实施例中,外管覆盖件40的一部分位于滑爽涂层30和箍68之间。杆64和箍68经由杆64的膨胀和箍68的收缩中的一者或多者可操作地连接,以将公联接器60固定至带有滑爽涂层30的内管20和外管覆盖件40。
在另一个实施例中,联接器60、70的套管与内管20直接接触,且外管覆盖件40被限制在套管的外径和联接器的压紧螺母的内径之间。在又一个实施例中,套管或其它金属片形成在杆周围。采用机器来操纵套管并且将其上带有滑爽涂层的内管和外管覆盖件限制在套管和杆之间。在再一个实施例中,采用附接至联接器的杆的配件、锥形套管和压紧螺母。该压紧螺母包含与所述锥形套管配合的锥形部。随压紧螺母被拧紧,套管被迫使紧靠包括滑爽涂层的内管、外管覆盖件和联接杆。在另一些实施例中,可采用其他常用的配件或软管端部连接件,包括但不限于由塑料、金属或它们的组合制成的折边型、倒钩型或夹紧型联接器。
母联接器70包括螺纹段72,该螺纹段72可操作地和可转动地连接至与软管组件10的包含公联接器60的一端相对的软管组件10的第二端。螺纹段72被构造成使得其能够可操作地连接至接头(spigot)、龙头或其它类似阀控制装置。母联接器70可如上所述连接至软管组件的其它部件。
在图1、图3和图4中,软管组件10被示为处于收缩位置。在该位置处,弹性内管20处于收缩或松弛状态,其中没有足以膨胀或伸展内管20的内力施加至内表面22。取决于外管覆盖件40所采用的材料,当软管组件处于收缩位置时,在外管覆盖件40和滑爽涂层30和/或内管20之间可能存在空间,参见例如图3。图3示出了位于滑爽涂层30的外表面34和外管覆盖件40的内表面42之间的空间80。
可例如通过阻止流体从出口16排出来提高内管内的流体压力,例如采用相联的喷嘴等(未示出),并在压力下将流体引入软管组件10的入口14。一旦达到或超过最小阈值压力,内管20经受膨胀。内管20的膨胀通常导致内管的长度增加以及径向膨胀,随着膨胀,内管的壁厚减小,内管的直径增加。因此,相比于低于最小流体压力时的收缩位置在内管20中可存在的流体量,在膨胀位置内管20中可存在的流体量更大。
取决于外管覆盖件40的构造,在膨胀位置,覆盖件沿其长度可呈现出相对平滑、圆柱形特性,例如参见图2。
本发明的另一个实施例示于图4中,其中示出了包括用作应力消除装置的套筒50的软管组件10的公端(male end)。公联接器60包括插入到内管20内并从内管的端头伸出一距离的刚性插入件或杆64,从而形成不弯曲的刚性部分。图4中示出的垂直线表示杆端66,并且指示一交汇处,所述交汇处位于经由杆64而成刚性的内管20的软管区域与延伸超过该交汇处的柔性内管20之间。如图所示,延伸超过杆端66的套筒的部分为套筒的应力分配部分。套筒50的作用是将弯曲力在较大区域上分布,以阻止局部材料疲劳以及内管20的扭结。外管覆盖件40围绕套筒50,如图4所示。
应力释放套筒50一般为管或中空圆柱体材料,其总体上在该套筒存在的区域增加内管20和滑爽涂层30的壁厚。该套筒可直接或非直接地连接至内管20和滑爽涂层30。当套筒不是固定连接至在其上具有滑爽涂层30的内管20时,内管20和套筒50以稍微不同的半径自由弯曲。在内管20或滑爽涂层30和套筒50之间的接触区域的一部分上或全部上的粘合可能是理想的,以赋予受控量的挠曲。在一个实施例中,套筒50从第一端52至第二端54可具有锥度,其中在第一端52处厚度较大。在该情况下,相比在套筒50的第二端54弯曲的倾向,在套筒50的第一端52附近弯曲的倾向更低,而锥度可构造为如图5中针对内管20所示的。该处示出的锥形为简单的楔形。但是,也可采用其它的锥形,例如指数曲线。如图4所示,包括套筒50的软管组件结构以上述方式连接或固定,其中内管20、滑爽涂层30、套筒50以及外管覆盖件40在杆64和公联接器60的箍68之间被固定。在另一个实施例中,套筒50位于外管覆盖件40外面。套筒50可用徽标、名称或其它标记装饰。
用于套筒50的材料可以变化,且通常可为热塑性或热固性的任何聚合物,其中非限制性的例子包括但不限于:热塑性弹性体、聚烯烃、聚酯、聚酰胺、天然橡胶、合成橡胶、聚氨酯和PVC。不管选用何种材料,套筒50必须具有回弹性并在弯曲期间为内管20提供支撑。
图5示出了内管20和外滑爽涂层30的另一个实施例。内管20在第一端26处较厚,且厚度沿离开第一端的纵向方向逐渐减小,优选地在距离内管20的该端一距离处减小至不变的厚度或基本上不变的厚度,而该距离通常为约5-15cm,理想地6-12cm,且优选地8-10cm。内管20锥形部分可在挤压过程中形成。在图5中,外滑爽涂层30被示为具有相对不变的厚度。
从城市供水系统的接头出来的水的标准水压为约45psi至约75psi(310.3kPa至517.1kPa),且通常为60psi(413.7kPa)。此压力足够高于软管膨胀所需的最小流体压力。即便如此,在一个实施例中,使软管组件10的内管20膨胀的最小流体压力为42psi(289.6kPa)(起始)和10psi(68.9kPa)(对于第二次膨胀或随后的膨胀而言)。当喷嘴或其它流量限制装置被连接至软管组件10的公联接器60,母联接器被可操作地连接至接头,接头阀门是开的或被打开,带压的水流进软管时,内管20将膨胀。如果喷嘴阻止流体流过内管,内管内部的压力将达到与流体压力源的压力基本上相同的压力,例如标准城市供水系统情况下的60psi(289.6kPa)。当流体通过合适的喷嘴从软管组件10的出口16释放时,内管20内部的压力降低。当流体压力保持在高于最小流体压力之上时,软管组件将保持在膨胀位置。
内管20可由任何合适的弹性材料形成。合适的材料包括但不限于:橡胶,包括天眼橡胶、合成橡胶和它们的组合;各种热塑性弹性体,包括热塑性硫化橡胶。合适的热塑性弹性体包括但不限于苯乙烯嵌段共聚物,例如SEBS、SEEPS、SBS和SIS。在一个实施例中,根据ASTM D-2240所测量,内管具有的硬度的范围为20-60邵氏A,理想地为25-60邵氏A,且优选地为35-50邵氏A。
本发明的内管组合物可包含其它的添加剂,包括但不限于:抗氧化剂、发泡剂、颜料、热稳定剂、UV吸收剂/稳定剂、加工助剂、流动增强剂、纳米颗粒、片状填料和非片状填料。
本发明的滑爽涂层包含润滑剂,该润滑剂优选地掺入到载体材料中或与载体材料共混。如上所述,由于该滑爽涂层的相对低的厚度,已出人意料地发现该滑爽涂层能持续地发挥作用,即使是由于破裂等该层在一个或多个部分可能表现出不连续性。此外,已发现该滑爽涂层在内管和联接器之间的连接处提供益处,该益处至少为增加的抗咬破性的形式。
已发现设置在内管上的滑爽涂层组合增加软管组件的耐久性,该耐久性由软管组件可膨胀和收缩的循环次数的增加而得到证实。在本申请中,一次循环被定义为通过施加等于或大于为至少10psi(68.9kPa)的最小流体或空气压力,软管组件膨胀,接着软管组件收缩至收缩位置。采用上述方法,本发明的软管组件可经受住至少500次膨胀循环,理想地至少1000次膨胀循环,优选地至少1500次膨胀循环。
此外,滑爽涂层被配制成相比内管的硬度具有更高的硬度(根据ASTM D-2240所测量的硬度)。滑爽涂层的硬度至少为60或61邵氏A,优选地为至少70邵氏A,且最优选地为75邵氏A。
在一个实施例中,所述润滑剂为硅氧烷聚合物或共聚物,或氟化聚合物,或它们的组合。硅氧烷聚合物母料可以MB50-321TM得自道康宁公司(Dow-Corning)以及以GenioplastTM得自瓦克公司(Wacker)。氟化聚合物可以MAC 1080TM得自模可离公司(McLube)。基于100总重量份的滑爽涂层,所述润滑剂在滑爽涂层中的存在量为约1至约40份,理想地为约2至约30份,且优选地为约3至约20份。
如本申请所描述,所述润滑剂与有助于将润滑剂附加至内管的外表面上的载体材料混合。合适的材料包括但不限于:热塑性聚合物,例如但不限于聚烯烃和聚氨酯;热塑性弹性体,例如但不限于用于内管层的上述热塑性弹性体;以及热塑性硫化橡胶;或它们的组合。在一个实施例中,载体材料包含聚烯烃和用于内管层中的热塑性弹性体的一种或多种。
同载体和润滑剂一起,滑爽涂层还包含另外的添加剂,包括但不限于:抗氧化剂、发泡剂、颜料、热稳定剂、UV吸收剂/稳定剂、加工助剂、流动增强剂、纳米颗粒、片状填料和非片状填料。
润滑剂具有低的摩擦系数。根据ASTM D1894所测量,滑爽涂层的摩擦系数低于0.3,优选地低于0.2,且最优选地低于0.1。
实例
下表给出了来自测试商购的软管组件和本发明的软管组件的结果。本发明的软管组件包括在其上具有滑爽涂层的基于热塑性弹性体的内管。在径向上测量的滑爽涂层的厚度为0.15mm,其中滑爽涂层为可以MB50-321TM得自道康宁公司的硅氧烷聚合物母料。所述测试采用本申请上面定义的膨胀循环测试程序进行,在此以引用方式并入。采用的流体为空气。
如表中所给出,本发明的包括在其上具有滑爽涂层的内管的软管组件相比于可商购的包括没有滑爽涂层的管结构的软管组件具有显著改善的循环寿命。
本发明还涉及以下内容:
1.一种软管组件,包括:内管,所述内管包括弹性材料;以及滑爽涂层,所述滑爽涂层与所述内管直接接触,并包含润滑剂和载体材料,其中所述载体包含热塑性聚合物、热塑性硫化橡胶和热塑性弹性体中的一种或多种,其中所述内管具有以下中的而一种或多种:a)在低于最小膨胀压力处于收缩位置时的纵向上的第一长度,以及当在所述内管的内部的流体压力等于或大于所述最小膨胀压力时比所述第一长度长的第二长度;以及b)在低于最小膨胀压力处于收缩位置时的第一半径,以及当在所述内管的内部的流体压力等于或大于所述最小膨胀压力时比所述第一半径大的第二半径。
2.根据1所述的软管组件,其中根据ASTM D-2240所测量的所述滑爽涂层的硬度高于所述内管的硬度。
3.根据2所述的软管组件,其中所述滑爽涂层的硬度至少为61邵氏A。
4.根据3所述的软管组件,其中所述滑爽涂层的硬度至少为70邵氏A。
5.根据1-4中任一项所述的软管组件,其中基于100总重量份的所述滑爽涂层,所述润滑剂在所述滑爽涂层中的存在量为1至40份。
6.根据1-5中任一项所述的软管组件,其中所述软管组件还包括外覆盖件,其中所述内管、滑爽涂层和外覆盖件各自具有连接至第一联接器的第一端和附接至第二联接器的第二端,其中所述外覆盖件在所述第一联接器和所述第二联接器之间不附接至所述内管也不附接至所述滑爽涂层。
7.根据1-6中任一项所述的软管组件,其中所述润滑剂包含硅氧烷聚合物和氟化聚合物中的一种或多种。
8.根据1-7中任一项所述的软管组件,其中所述滑爽涂层在高于289.6kPa的压力下所述内管的第一次膨胀后是不连续的。
9.根据1-8中任一项所述的软管组件,其中所述滑爽涂层的初始厚度的范围通常为约0.025mm至约0.51mm,并且其中所述内管层的厚度为约1.3mm至约2.5mm。
10.根据1-9中任一项所述的软管组件,其中所述软管组件能经受至少500次膨胀循环。
11.根据1-10中任一项所述的软管组件,其中所述软管组件能经受至少1000次膨胀循环。
12.根据1-11中任一项所述的软管组件,其中所述软管组件能经受至少1500次膨胀循环。
13.根据1-12中任一项所述的软管组件,其中所述润滑剂包含硅氧烷聚合物。
14.根据1-13中任一项所述的软管组件,其中所述软管组件还包括套筒,所述套筒固定在所述内管和外滑爽涂层的至少一端上面,所述套筒从所述管的所述一端沿所述内管延伸一长度。
15.根据1-14中任一项所述的软管组件,其中所述内管具有第一端,其中在所述软管的所述第一端处所述内管的径向厚度相比距离所述软管的所述第一端更远的至少一个邻近段的径向厚度更大。
16.一种软管组件,包括:内管,所述内管包括能在长度上和径向上中的一者或多者上膨胀,从而实现管径的增加的弹性材料;滑爽涂层,所述滑爽涂层存在于所述内管的外表面上,所述滑爽涂层包含润滑剂和载体材料,其中所述载体包含热塑性聚合物、热塑性硫化橡胶和热塑性弹性体中的一种或多种;以及外覆盖件,在膨胀状态下,所述外覆盖件具有大于或等于所述内管的长度的长度,其中在其上具有所述滑爽涂层的内管位于所述外覆盖件内,其中根据ASTM D-2240所测量,所述内管具有范围为20-60邵氏A的硬度,其中所述滑爽涂层至少具有61邵氏A的硬度,并且其中基于100总重量份的所述滑爽涂层,所述润滑剂在所述滑爽涂层中的存在量为1至40份。
17.根据16所述的软管组件,其中所述滑爽涂层在高于289.6kPa的压力下所述内管的第一次膨胀后是不连续的。
18.根据17所述的软管组件,其中所述滑爽涂层的硬度至少为70邵氏A。
19.根据18所述的软管组件,其中基于100总重量份的所述滑爽涂层,所述润滑剂在所述滑爽涂层中的存在量为1至40份。
20.根据19所述的软管组件,其中所述润滑剂包含硅氧烷聚合物。
尽管根据专利法的规定,已经描述了最佳实施方式和优选的实施例,但是本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,而是由所附的权利要求书的范围进行限定。

Claims (20)

1.一种软管组件,包括:
内管,所述内管包括弹性材料;以及
滑爽涂层,所述滑爽涂层与所述内管直接接触,并包含润滑剂和载体材料,其中所述载体包含热塑性聚合物、热塑性硫化橡胶和热塑性弹性体中的一种或多种,其中所述内管具有以下中的一种或多种:a)在低于最小膨胀压力处于收缩位置时的纵向上的第一长度,以及当在所述内管的内部的流体压力等于或大于所述最小膨胀压力时比所述第一长度长的第二长度;以及b)在低于最小膨胀压力处于收缩位置时的第一半径,以及当在所述内管的内部的流体压力等于或大于所述最小膨胀压力时比所述第一半径大的第二半径。
2.根据权利要求1中所述的软管组件,其中根据ASTM D-2240所测量的所述滑爽涂层的硬度高于所述内管的硬度。
3.根据权利要求2中所述的软管组件,其中所述滑爽涂层的硬度至少为61邵氏A。
4.根据权利要求3中所述的软管组件,其中所述滑爽涂层的硬度至少为70邵氏A。
5.根据权利要求4中所述的软管组件,其中基于100总重量份的所述滑爽涂层,所述润滑剂在所述滑爽涂层中的存在量为1至40份。
6.根据权利要求5中所述的软管组件,其中所述软管组件还包括外覆盖件,其中所述内管、滑爽涂层和外覆盖件各自具有连接至第一联接器的第一端和附接至第二联接器的第二端,其中所述外覆盖件在所述第一联接器和所述第二联接器之间不附接至所述内管也不附接至所述滑爽涂层。
7.根据权利要求5所述的软管组件,其中所述润滑剂包含硅氧烷聚合物和氟化聚合物中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的软管组件,其中所述滑爽涂层在高于289.6kPa的压力下所述内管的第一次膨胀后是不连续的。
9.根据权利要求1所述的软管组件,其中所述滑爽涂层的初始厚度的范围为0.025mm至0.51mm,并且其中所述内管层的厚度为1.3mm至2.5mm。
10.根据权利要求1所述的软管组件,其中所述软管组件能经受至少500次膨胀循环。
11.根据权利要求10所述的软管组件,其中所述软管组件能经受至少1000次膨胀循环。
12.根据权利要求11所述的软管组件,其中所述软管组件能经受至少1500次膨胀循环。
13.根据权利要求7所述的软管组件,其中所述润滑剂包含硅氧烷聚合物。
14.根据权利要求1所述的软管组件,其中所述软管组件还包括套筒,所述套筒固定在所述内管和外滑爽涂层的至少一端上面,所述套筒从所述管的所述一端沿所述内管延伸一长度。
15.根据权利要求1所述的软管组件,其中所述内管具有第一端,其中在所述软管的所述第一端处所述内管的径向厚度相比距离所述软管的所述第一端更远的至少一个邻近段的径向厚度更大。
16.一种软管组件,包括:
内管,所述内管包括能在长度上和径向上中的一者或多者上膨胀,从而实现管径的增加的弹性材料;以及
滑爽涂层,所述滑爽涂层存在于所述内管的外表面上,所述滑爽涂层包含润滑剂和载体材料,其中所述载体包含热塑性聚合物、热塑性硫化橡胶和热塑性弹性体中的一种或多种;以及外覆盖件,在膨胀状态下,所述外覆盖件具有大于或等于所述内管的长度的长度,其中在其上具有所述滑爽涂层的所述内管位于所述外覆盖件内,其中根据ASTM D-2240所测量,所述内管具有范围为20-60邵氏A的硬度,其中所述滑爽涂层至少具有61邵氏A的硬度,并且其中基于100总重量份的所述滑爽涂层,所述润滑剂在所述滑爽涂层中的存在量为1至40份。
17.根据权利要求16所述的软管组件,其中所述滑爽涂层在高于289.6kPa的压力下所述内管的第一次膨胀后是不连续的。
18.根据权利要求17所述的软管组件,其中所述滑爽涂层的硬度至少为70邵氏A。
19.根据权利要求18所述的软管组件,其中基于100总重量份的所述滑爽涂层,所述润滑剂在所述滑爽涂层中的存在量为1至40份。
20.根据权利要求19所述的软管组件,其中所述润滑剂包含硅氧烷聚合物。
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