CN107000666B

CN107000666B - Method for the barochamber of gas-bag system and for manufacturing barochamber

Info

Publication number: CN107000666B
Application number: CN201580068324.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: D·特格特霍夫; L·罗泽; D·弗罗贝尔; J·巴伦
Original assignee: Benteler Steel Pipe Co Ltd
Current assignee: Benteler Steel Pipe Co Ltd
Priority date: 2014-12-19
Filing date: 2015-12-18
Publication date: 2019-03-08
Anticipated expiration: 2035-12-18
Also published as: WO2016095909A1; DE102014018816A1; CN107000666A; US20170341619A1; EP3233577B1; EP3233577A1; US10507786B2

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of barochamber (1), particularly for the gas-bag system of motor vehicle, it includes the duct element (10) when applying internal pressure with high rupture strength, which is made of steel alloy and has the tensile strength Rm greater than (>) 800MPa in the first length sections (11)_,11, transition temperature Tu less than at least -40 DEG C_,11With periphery U₁Wherein, duct element (10) includes at least one second length sections (12) and/or other length sections (13,16), it is axially extended from the first length sections (11), second length sections (12) or other length sections (13,16) and first length sections (11) constructed by seamless or welding, particularly hot rolling or cold drawing pipeline it is integral identical with material, wherein, the second length sections (12) or other length sections U_13,16With periphery U₁₂, U₁₃, the periphery U of the periphery and the first length sections (11)₁₁Compared to diminution, it is characterised in that: duct element (10) has the transition temperature Tu less than -50 DEG C and less than the first length sections (11) in the second length sections (12) and/or in other length sections (13)_,11Transition temperature Tu_,12, Tu_,13。

Description

Method for the barochamber of gas-bag system and for manufacturing barochamber

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of especially for the barochamber of the gas-bag system of motor vehicle and one kind for manufacturing gas The method of pressure vessel.

Background technique

Such barochamber is illustrated in EP1983065A1 and constitutes the preamble of claim 1.With It include the duct element with the high rupture strength when applying internal pressure in the barochamber of gas-bag system, the duct element is by steel Alloy constitutes and should be in the first length sections with the transition temperature of 40 degrees Celsius of at least subzero (-) (DEG C), and manages Road element includes the second length sections and third length sections, these length sections are from the first length sections axially towards pipeline The direction of two opposite ends of element extends.These length sections are by seamless or welding, hot rolling and/or cold drawing Pipeline is configured to the identical with material of single type, wherein the second length sections and third length sections have periphery, the periphery It is reduced compared with the periphery of the first length sections.In order to ensure high rupture strength, open text in the case where low temperature It offers proposition: the duct element of forming will be completed, that is reduce by the periphery in the second length sections and third length sections Later, quenching and tempering completely, to generate in the entire duct element of barochamber, identical, to have most of be tempering Martensite metallographic structure and in the intermediate length section not reduced generate be greater than 700 megapascal (MPa)s (MPa) tension Intensity.

Disadvantage is however that: geometric accuracy and surface are made by the modifier treatment to the duct element to attenuate on end Quality decline.Further, since reduce the periphery of the second length sections and third length sections in cold drawing state, cold formability and Rupture strength is adversely affected compared with the first length sections not reduced.

In addition, US2002040907A1 illustrates a kind of barochamber with the duct element being formed from steel, the pipeline Element is only drawn into single-stage at multistage and last herein length sections by plate stretch and length sections, especially It is the transitional region receiving heat treatment between the length sections that different frequency (unterschiedlich oft) is stretched.Pass through The heat treatment should result in targeted energy absorption, knot of the energy absorption with the axial crack started in test Beam.However although multiple heat treatment, the duct element of deep-draw in terms of their rupture strength for current requirement It is still insufficient, these requirements are characterized in light structural requirement and adjoint and the steel of raw higher-strength relatively thin wall It is thick.The method of manufacture barochamber is similarly used for as known to US8,196,956B1.

Summary of the invention

Therefore it is an object of the invention to: a kind of improved barochamber with duct element, the barochamber are provided Meet the higher requirement when applying internal pressure to rupture strength and rupture performance.

Furthermore purpose is to propose a kind of corresponding duct element, the duct element in order to apply in barochamber and It is improved in terms of mechanical machinability.

Furthermore there is following purpose: proposing a kind of manufacturing method, it can particularly economically and most using the manufacturing method Barochamber is produced in high quality.

It is proposed a kind of barochamber, particularly the gas-bag system for motor vehicle comprising there is height when applying internal pressure The duct element of rupture strength, which, which is made of steel alloy and has in the first length sections, is greater than 800 megapascal Tensile strength of this card, at least or be less than -40 DEG C of (subzero) transition temperature and a periphery, wherein the duct element packet It includes at least one second length sections and as optional other length sections, these length sections is from the first length sections It is axially extending, wherein the second length sections and as optional other length sections and the first length sections by seamless Or welding, particularly hot rolling or cold drawing pipe construct it is integral identical with material, wherein the second length sections and There is a periphery as optional other length sections, which reduces compared with the periphery of the first length sections.Have herein Feature: the duct element is less than (zero in the second length sections and as having in optional other length sections Under) transition temperature of -50 DEG C and the transition temperature less than the first length sections.

Here, by notched impact specimen in corresponding length section as annular, that is as having in order to survey Examination purpose and the sampling of the narrow pipe section of specified notch that is placed in measure transition temperature.In the low temperature for being cooled to test Axial impact is carried out to sample after in condition.In low temperature, sample is changed into crisp fracture characteristics from the fracture characteristics of plasticity, The low temperature is known as transition temperature.It is self-evident, in order to indicate that the feature of length sections must be tested to multiple samples They are measured.Mean in the sense of the invention lower than subzero 40 ° of transition temperature towards subzero 50 DEG C, subzero 60 DEG C, it is any between the transition temperature and above-mentioned value in the direction of 70 DEG C subzero, 80 DEG C subzero, subzero 90 DEG C or lower temperature Value.

Due to having the second length sections of the periphery reduced and as the advantageous of optional other length sections (ueberlegen) transition temperature generates a large amount of advantages.Firstly, being reliably prevented in the test of gas-bag system or actually answering It is cracked on the position that may have catastrophic results in, be for example provided with the company with other component or installation part The place connect, thus the power generated in tearing can pass through inner cavity and puncture these components.Secondly, preventing since brittleness is disconnected The component for splitting barochamber itself or its separation may entirely fall off.According to the present invention in the second length sections and as optional It is avoided in other length sections furthermore common since periphery reduces the stress introduced.

Within the scope of this invention, periphery is limited to outer diameter in the case where the round tube for duct element, polygonal It is limited in the case where pipeline, the polygonal length sections to attenuate or asymmetrical cross-section of pipeline by their outer perimeter.

Preferably, barochamber is the periphery U of the first length sections₁₁, the second length sections U₁₂With other length field The U of section₁₃、U₁₆With following correlation:

U₁₂=(0.6-0.9) × U₁₁, particularly U₁₂=(0.7-0.8) × U₁₁, and/or

U₁₃=(0.6-0.9) × U₁₁, particularly U₁₃=(0.7-0.8) × U₁₁, and/or

U₁₆=(0.65-0.95) × U₁₁, particularly U₁₆=(0.75-0.85) × U₁₁。

This means that: it constitutes and is less than or lower than -50 DEG C in the case where periphery or outer diameter the diminution listed Transition temperature.According to trend it is assumed that transition temperature is hard by the cold-working of related length sections with the increase that periphery reduces The increase of change and same pico- rise.

Further preferably, barochamber has wall thickness in the second length sections and/or in other length sections, should Wall thickness is greater than the wall thickness in the first length sections, the wall thickness greatly at least 5% in especially the second length sections.Due to especially logical Cross jumping-up and change while progress by the outer ring die (Aussenringmatrize) of taper to an end of duct element Thickened caused by thin, utterly from the point of view of (absolut betrachtet) generate biggish intensity and toughness.In addition, thicker Wall has the advantage that when installation part or insertion such as rupture disk (Berstscheibe) or sealing plate connect.

However it is also possible that the wall thickness of the second length sections of barochamber and/or other length sections is less than Or the wall thickness equal to the first length sections.This has the advantage of: when in order to overcome burst test or triggering gas-bag system when Pressure natural stress targetedly can be introduced into pipeline member when reducing periphery by the critical tensile properties tangentially acted on In part.

In accordance with the present invention it is preferred that at least the second length sections construction is on the end of an end side of duct element.It is special Not preferred third length sections construction on the other end of duct element, and the first length sections be configured to two ends it Between centre portion.Duct element then by adding cover board, particularly can be configured to seal and side is welded on end It closes.

It is also possible that having the second length sections for reducing periphery or an other length sections in duct element Extend between two the first length sections with larger periphery.Therefore from insides of pipes it is likely that insertion support or It is bonded on inner wall, so as to or in the multiple axial cavities for for example constituting gas generation in a unique duct element Space segmentation.

Furthermore it may be stipulated that: barochamber at least reduces periphery U in having for duct element₁₂The second length sections in First length sections are compared with the plastic deformability circumferentially improved, wherein effectively:

Morphotropism,₁₂1.05 × morphotropism of >,₁₁。

Morphotropism can be described as herein ductility or especially also can be described as fracture elongation and by Enlarging test as defined in DIN EN 8495-2004 measures.Morphotropism is that basic configuration changes ability herein (Grundformaenderungsvermoegen).This is a relative parameter, such as U0/U1, wherein when U1 is cracked Periphery and U0 is primary peripheral, the measurement in the plug bulge test (Dornaufweitversuch) respectively.

Preferably, barochamber has metallographic structure in the first length sections of duct element, which has The surface share of the martensite of at least 70% tempering.The martensite being especially tempered is mainly with the needle-shaped presence of stretching.

Furthermore it may be stipulated that: the second length sections of duct element also have a kind of tissue, which has surface share The martensite for the main tempering for being at least 70%.However it is different from the first length sections, the martensite configuration of tempering is at no needle Shape stretches, therefore each length sections can be also easily distinguished on the duct element not attenuated also.

It is possible according to the invention that: tensile strength of the barochamber in the second length sections with the first length sections Rm,₁₁Compared to have reduced tensile strength Rm,₁₂, wherein effectively:

Rm,₁₂0.9 × Rm of <,₁₁。

Tensile strength has active influence to rupture strength and is only slightly below the in the length sections to attenuate Tensile strength in one length sections.Especially tensile strength can be reduced by being tempered.This leads at least 10% reinforcing It eliminates, however thus improves cold conditions toughness (Kaltzaehigkeit) simultaneously.This can also as follows be suitable for it is described in addition Length sections:

Rm,₁₃0.9 × Rm of <,₁₁And/or Rm,₁₆0.9 × Rm of <,₁₁。

Furthermore it may be stipulated that: being provided with transition region between the second length sections and the first length sections of duct element Domain, the tensile strength Rm in the transitional region,₁₄It increases continuously, wherein transitional region has between 10mm and 100mm, excellent The width being selected between 15mm and 40mm.

On barochamber preferably can the second length sections and/or third length sections and the first length sections it Between be provided with transition zone, in the transition zone periphery continuously towards the first length sections direction increase, wherein the mistake Cross the width that the width that section has is greater than transitional region.Therefore metallurgical performance be conditioned it is more narrower than geometrical performance and preferred It is more accurate.It especially therefore can avoid in the gap portions of geometry and the transitional region that width is valuably designed by hardly possible not Limit the limitation of fixed structural state.

According to the present invention, barochamber can be in the second length sections of duct element and as can be selected in other length Spending has ferrite-pearlite-heterogeneous structure in section, at least 70% surface share.This is organized then substantially It is consistent with the original structure of tube material, however also can have bainite or martensite as remainder.Duct element exists Morphotropism in this length sections significantly improves.

It can also valuably provide according to the present invention: second length sections and/or the other length sections structure Cause the specified breaking point in the part when barochamber applies internal pressure, it is preferable that the specified breaking point is arranged in barochamber Center in, thus generate away from the safe distance as big as possible of end especially welded with cover board.However, it is also possible that: Targetedly have by specified breaking point construction except center, particularly in the first length sections variable, particularly non- In the case where symmetrical outer radial periphery or in the case where asymmetric shaft is moved towards to the periphery of arch.

It is barochamber using the duct element when applying internal pressure with high rupture strength, wherein duct element is tool There is seamless or welding, particularly hot rolling and cold drawing the steel pipe of constant periphery, wherein duct element has tensile strength Greater than the first length sections of 800MPa and at least one second length sections and as optional other length sections, and it is each Length sections construct integral identical with material.Feature in this is: duct element second and as it is optional it is other, Need to especially have compared with the first length sections (symbol 11) by the length sections (symbol 12,13,16) that cold forming is processed According to the expander ability of the raising of DIN ISO 8495-2004,_12,13,16, wherein effectively:

Expander ability,₁₂> 1.1* expander ability,₁₁, and/or

Expander ability,₁₃> 1.1* expander ability,₁₁, and/or

Expander ability_,16> 1.1* expander ability,₁₁。

It measures and expands in pipe hole expansion test until being broken according to DIN EN ISO 8495:2004 at this Pipe ability.Performance even if expander attenuates from pipe when (Rohrverjuengung) is different, and the result of test is still cold forming skill The valid numerical value of application of the art in barochamber duct element.

Preferably, duct element has hardness HV in the second length sections that need to be processed₁₂And/or in other length field There is hardness HV in section₁₃, HV₁₆, and there is hardness HV in the first length sections₁₁.The second length sections that need to process and/ Or other length sections have reduced hardness HV compared with the first length sections₁₂And/or HV₁₃And/or HV₁₆, wherein effectively :

HV₁₂/HV₁₁=0.4 to 0.99, and/or

HV₁₃/HV₁₁=0.4 to 0.99, and/or

HV₁₆/HV₁₁=0.4 to 0.99.

Further preferably, duct element includes as unit of mass percent other than iron and the impurity caused by melting Subsequent one of three kinds of compositions of following alloying element:

C	Between 0.07 and 0.29	0.07 to 0.14	0.05 to 0.2
				Si	0.1 to 0.55	0.1 to 0.55	≤0.5
Mn	From 0.2 to 1.6	From 0.2 to 1.6	0.2 to 0.6
				P	< 0.025	< 0.025	< 0.020
S	< 0.02	< 0.02	< 0.005
				Cr	< 2	< 1	0.6 to 2
Ti	< 0.03	< 0.015	< 0.015
				Mo	< 0.6	< 0.4	< 0.4
Ni	< 0.6	< 0.4	< 0.4
				Al	0.001 to 0.05	0.001 to 0.05	0.001 to 0.05
V	< 0.2	< 0.1	-
				NB	< 0.05	< 0.05	-

It is of importance that quenched performance and good harden ability, intensity and weldability that material has had.

Another viewpoint of the invention is related to a kind of method for manufacturing barochamber, which includes in application Duct element with high rupture strength when pressure, this method is from seamless or welding steel pipe characterized by the following steps:

Pipe is quenched, is then tempered, preferably before cold drawing,

As optional, cold drawing is carried out to pipe,

Scale cun cuts into duct element,

Duct element is locally warmed to warm temperature in the second length sections and/or other length sections Tw, longest 120 seconds, preferably longest 30 seconds, wherein the first length sections are not heated herein,

As optional, temperature Tw is kept for longest 120 seconds, preferably longest 30 seconds,

The second length sections and/or other length sections are made to reduce its periphery U₁₂、U₁₃、U₁₆In the case where shape, It is preferred that being carried out at once after local warming or holding, wherein it is Tu that duct element, which has transition temperature,₁₁The first length field Section and transition temperature are Tu,₁₂The second length sections and/or have Tu,₁₃、Tu,₁₆Other length sections, wherein effectively :

·Tu,₁₂< Tu,₁₁And Tu,₁₂< -50 DEG C, and/or

·Tu,₁₃< Tu,₁₁And Tu,₁₃< -50 DEG C, and/or

·Tu,₁₆< Tu,₁₁And Tu,₁₆< -50 DEG C.

The second length sections and/or other length sections are cooled down before formation or later.

In unique production phase particularly advantageously to the second length sections or other length sections carry out heating and Half hot forming is carried out, forming temperature is preferably adjusted to the recrystallization temperature Ac3 less than steel alloy, particularly is less than Ac1 temperature Degree.This mainly result in save money/reduce energy consumption and ensure the first length sections in the martensitic needles mainly stretched The martensite elementary organization of the tempering of shape does not affect adversely.The active cooling to the first length sections can be passed through in the process And/or heat effect is realized by especially quick, the with clearly defined objective heat source for local pipe processing.

The first length sections are not heated herein in the sense of the invention means that: it is not subjected to significant temperature Variation.Due to the thermally conductive caused faint heating from heated length sections to not heated length sections in tube wall It is also not intended as herein heated.This is especially means that: does not cause the metallographic structure and/or machinery in the first length sections The basic change of performance.

Furthermore it may be stipulated that: adjust from warm temperature to the cooling period lower than 150 DEG C to the second length sections Beneficial tangential natural stress (tangentiale Eigenspannung).It is advantageous that: overcome through the second length field The tangential natural stress that the forming of section and/or other length sections introduces.This can also be by according to Dr.Rainer Krux 2004 by published by " Dortmund forming technique " " using hardboard figuration manufacture performance optimization component and to caused So-called " ring decomposition method in the analysis of natural stress (induzierte Eigenspannung) " (Ringzerlegemethode) " it realizes.

Detailed description of the invention

Below with reference to the Detailed description of the invention beneficial embodiment that the present invention is further explained.For same or similar component Or region uses consistent appended drawing reference in meaning.Attached drawing schematically shows and does not limit possible other implementations of the invention The right of mode.The feature of the embodiment illustrated in attached drawing can also be combined with each other.

Wherein:

Fig. 1 a to c shows the first embodiment of barochamber according to the present invention；

Fig. 2 shows the second embodiments of barochamber according to the present invention；

Fig. 3 shows the third embodiment of barochamber according to the present invention；

Fig. 4 shows the 4th embodiment of barochamber according to the present invention；

Fig. 5 shows the firmness change curve on the duct element before the periphery in the second length sections reduces；

Fig. 6 a to c shows a side view and two cross-sectional views for Fig. 4 illustrated embodiment；

Fig. 7 a to c shows the side view and cross-sectional view for optionally having structural change jaggy；

Fig. 8 shows the schematic side elevation of the barochamber of the sealing plate with welding.

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1 a shows barochamber 1 comprising duct element 10, the duct element have in the duct element 10 Respective end E₁、E₂On have wall thickness WD₁₂The second length sections 12 and have wall thickness WD₁₃Third length sections 13 and set Set the first length sections 11 between the second length sections 12 and third length sections 13.As can see in figures ib and ic As, the second length sections 12 and third length sections 13 have the periphery U than the first length sections 11₁₁Small periphery U₁₂、 U₁₃, wherein respectively in a transition zone 15, periphery U₁₅Continuously the second length 12 is transitioned into from the first length sections 11 Or third length sections 13.First length sections 11 have constant periphery U₁₁.Second length sections 12 and third length sections 13 have the transition temperature Tu less than -50 DEG C,₁₂、Tu,₁₃, which is also less than the transition temperature of the first length sections 11 Tu,₁₁.The horse for the tempering that first length sections 11 are at least 70% at least tensile strength of 800MPa and with surface share The metallographic structure of family name's body.It is between the first length sections 11 and the second length sections 12 or in the first length sections 11 and In the presence of the heterogeneous structure not limited exactly and/or not in transitional region 14 (being shown in broken lines) between three length sections 13 The mechanical property value of restriction, therefore the width B of transition zone 14₁₄Less than the width B of the second length sections 12₁₂With third length The width B of section 13₁₃.Preferably, width B₁₄Again smaller than the width B of transition zone 15₁₅.Pipeline member is shown respectively in Fig. 1 b and 1c The front view of part 10.It will be clear that each periphery U₁₁、U₁₂And U₁₁、U₁₃And transition zone 15 respectively prolongs therebetween The periphery U stretched₁₅.Transition temperature T is mentioned in the description_u,10、T_u,11、T_u,11′、T_u,12、T_u,13、T_u,15、T_u,16, however in figure It is not drawn into.

Fig. 2 shows be barochamber 1 second embodiment according to the present invention comprising duct element 10, the pipe Road element has the second length sections 12 and third length sections 13 and setting in the second length sections 12 and third length sections The first length sections 11 between 13.Second length sections 12 and third length sections 13 have outer than the first length sections 11 All U₁₁Small periphery U₁₂、U₁₃, wherein respectively in a transition zone 15, periphery U₁₅Continuously from 11 mistake of the first length sections It crosses to the second length sections 12 and third length sections 13.First length sections 11 have slightly radially outward along longitudinal extend The periphery U to arch upward₁₁, periphery is also shown as outer diameter in this embodiment, therefore is circular.Second length sections, 12 He Third length sections 13 have the transition temperature Tu less than -50 DEG C,₁₂、Tu,₁₃, which is also less than the first length sections 11 transition temperature Tu,₁₁.First length sections 11 are at least tensile strength of 800MPa and there is surface share to account at least The metallographic structure of the martensite of 70% tempering.It is between the first length sections 11 and the second length sections 12 or long first It is more in the presence of not limiting exactly in transitional region 14 (being shown in broken lines) between degree section 11 and third length sections 13 Phase constitution and/or the mechanical property value not limited, therefore the width B of transitional region 14₁₄Less than the width of the second length sections 12 B₁₂With the width B of third length sections 13₁₃.Preferably, width B₁₄Again smaller than the width B of transition zone 15₁₅.Transitional region 14 Thus it is located in transition zone 15.

Fig. 3 shows the third embodiment according to the present invention of barochamber 1 comprising duct element 10, the pipe Road element has a first end E in the duct element 10₁On the second length sections 12 and one in the duct element 10 the second end E₂On third length sections 13 and be arranged in end E₁、E₂Between region in two the first length Section 11,11 '.Second length sections 12 and third length sections 13 have lesser outer compared with the first length sections 11,11 ' All U₁₂、U₁₃, wherein respectively in a transition zone 15, periphery U₁₅Continuously is transitioned into from the first length sections 11,11 ' Two length sections 12 or third length sections 13.In addition, described two first length sections 11,11 ' surround other length field Section 16, another length sections reduce ground construction in periphery U with respect to the first length sections 11,11 '₁₆In.Periphery U₁₆、U₁₂And U₁₃ Can be different from each other, wherein the size of length sections 16 in addition be especially can with need to engage on it or pipeline member The insertion of part inner support on it such as rupture disk (not shown) matches.In contrast, the second length sections 12 are determined as follows With the size of third length sections 13, that is, can be attached, particularly can be with the end E of duct element 10₁、E₂Welding such as Fig. 7 a Shown in sealing plate or the like.Second length sections 12 and third length sections 13 have the transition temperature Tu less than -50 DEG C,₁₂、 Tu,₁₃, which is also less than the transition temperature Tu of the first length sections 11,11 ',₁₁、Tu,_11′.First length sections 11, 11 ' at least tensile strength of 800MPa and with surface share be at least 70% tempering martensite metallographic structure. It is between the first length sections 11 and the second length sections 12 or in the first length sections 11,11 ' and third length sections 13 Between and exist definitely in transitional region 14 between the first length sections 11,11 ' and other length sections 16 The mechanical property value saying the heterogeneous structure not limited and/or not limiting, therefore the width B of transitional region 14 (being shown in broken lines)₁₄ Less than the width B of the second length sections 12₁₂With the width B of third length sections 13₁₃.Preferably, width B₁₄Again smaller than transition region The width B of section 15₁₅.In addition, in the other length sections 16, there are a wall thickness WD₁₆.Wall thickness WD₁₆It can be greater than Or it is less than wall thickness WD₁₁、WD_11′。

Fig. 4 shows the 4th embodiment according to the present invention of barochamber 1 comprising duct element 10, the pipe Road element have other length sections 16, the other length sections have with two towards duct element 10 end E1, E2 is axially extending from the other length sections, has periphery U₁₁、U_11′The first length sections 11,11 ' compared to lesser Periphery U₁₆。

Periphery U₁₆Especially with insertion need to being bonded in duct element on the periphery or being supported on the periphery As rupture disk matches.In the end E of duct element 10₁And E₂On be configured with about longitudinal the second very short length sections 12 and the Three length sections 13, they have periphery U₁₂、U₁₃, the periphery U that does not reduce of these peripheries less than the first length sections₁₁、U_11′, And the periphery U of the diminution greater than the other length sections 16 in intermediate length section₁₆.Second length sections 12 and third Length sections 13 have the transition temperature Tu less than -50 DEG C,₁₂、Tu,₁₃, the transition temperature be also less than the first length sections 11, 11 ' transition temperature Tu,₁₁.First length sections 11,11 ' at least tensile strength of 800MPa and have surface share be The metallographic structure of the martensite of at least 70% tempering.The first length sections 11,11 ' and the other length sections 16 it Between transitional region 14 in there is the heterogeneous structure that does not limit exactly and/or the mechanical property value not limited.Fig. 5 is shown Axially pass through the second length field from first end E1 before periphery reduces on duct element 10 according to the present invention The firmness change curve of the 12 to the first length sections 11 of section.It is seen that: lower hardness in the second length sections and Therefore tensile strength and the transitional region 14 with the hardness number risen until a maximum value, the maximum value is the It is then kept constant in one length sections 11.

Fig. 6 a to c shows the structural change of Fig. 4 again.Fig. 6 b shows the cutting line b-b in Fig. 6 a.It can be seen that first is long Spend the constant circular periphery U of section 11₁₁.Fig. 6 c shows the cutting line c-c across other length sections 16 in Fig. 6 a. It can be seen that this other length sections equally has circular periphery U₁₆, however the periphery is less than the visual direction position along Fig. 6 c In the periphery U of the first length sections 11 ' thereafter₁₁′。

Fig. 7 a to c shows furthermore optional structural change.Again according to Fig. 7 b of the cross-sectional view b-b shown in Fig. 7 a The constant periphery U of first length sections 11 is shown₁₁.This first length sections has in about longitudinal intermediate region to be lacked Mouth 19 or pit (Einmuldung).The periphery U generated by notch 19₁₉It is located at periphery thereafter with the visual direction along Fig. 7 c U₁₁Compared to expansion.Notch 19 can be in the outer peripheral surface of every kind of arbitrary geometry merging duct element 10.Especially generate The other length sections with notch 19 can be used for all arbitrary embodiments in this open source literature.

Fig. 8 shows the schematic diagram of the duct element 10 with sealing plate 17.Sealing plate 17 utilizes circular weld seam 18 and pipe The welding of road component seal.Sealing plate can be welded on end E1 and E2 according to all previous embodiments.

Reference signs list

1 barochamber

10 duct elements

11 first length sections

11 ' first length sections

12 second length sections

13 third length sections

14 transitional regions

15 transition zones

16 other length sections

17 sealing plates

18 weld seams

19 notches

B₁₁11 width

B₁₂12 width

B₁₃13 width

B₁₄14 width

B₁₅15 width

B₁₆16 width

E₁10 first end

E₂10 the second end

The center of M 1

The specified breaking point of S

Tu,₁₀10 transition temperature

Tu,₁₁11 transition temperature

Tu,_11′11 ' transition temperature

Tu,₁₂12 transition temperature

Tu,₁₃13 transition temperature

Tu,₁₅15 transition temperature

Tu,₁₆16 transition temperature

The periphery of U 10

U₁₁11 periphery

U₁₂12 periphery

U₁₃13 periphery

U₁₅15 periphery

U₁₆16 periphery

U₁₉19 periphery

The end of E1 1

The end of E2 2

WD₁₁11 wall thickness

WD_11′11 ' wall thickness

WD₁₂12 wall thickness

WD₁₃13 wall thickness

WD₁₆16 wall thickness

Rm,₁₁11 tensile strength

Rm,₁₂12 tensile strength

Rm,₁₃13 tensile strength

Rm,₁₄14 tensile strength

Rm,₁₅15 tensile strength

Rm,₁₆16 tensile strength

Claims

1. barochamber (1) comprising the duct element (10) when applying internal pressure with high rupture strength, the duct element (10) it is made of steel alloy and there is the first tensile strength greater than (>) 800MPa in the first length sections (11) (Rm_,11), the first transition temperature (Tu less than -40 DEG C_,11) and the first periphery (U₁), wherein duct element (10) includes second Length sections (12), second length sections are axially extended from the first length sections (11), second length sections (12) and first length sections (11) constructed by seamless or welding pipeline it is integral identical with material, In, the second length sections (12) have the second periphery (U₁₂), first periphery of second periphery and the first length sections (11) (U₁₁) compared to diminution, it is characterised in that: duct element (10) has less than -50 DEG C and is less than in the second length sections (12) First transition temperature (Tu of the first length sections (11)_,11) the second transition temperature (Tu_,12)。

2. barochamber as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the barochamber (1) is used for the air bag system of motor vehicle System.

3. barochamber as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: duct element (10) includes at least one other length Section (13,16), the other length sections are axially extended from the first length sections (11), the other length sections (13,16) and the first length sections (11) are constructed integral identical with material by seamless or welding pipeline, wherein institute Other length sections (13,16) are stated with periphery (U₁₃, U₁₆), the periphery and first of the other length sections (13,16) First periphery (U of length sections (11)₁₁) compared to diminution, and the third of the other length sections (13,16) changes temperature Spend (Tu_,13, Tu_,16) be less than -50 DEG C and less than the first length sections (11) the first transition temperature (Tu_,11)。

4. barochamber as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: at least one described other length sections (13,16) Including third length sections (13) and the 6th length sections (16), third length sections (13) have third periphery (U₁₃), the 6th Length sections (16) have the 6th periphery (U₁₆), following relationship is suitable for each periphery (U₁₁, U₁₂, U₁₃, U₁₆):

Second periphery (U₁₂)=(0.6-0.9) × the first periphery (U₁₁), and/or

Third periphery (U₁₃)=(0.6-0.9) × the first periphery (U₁₁), and/or

6th periphery (U₁₆)=(0.65-0.95) × the first periphery (U₁₁)。

5. barochamber as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: following relationship is suitable for each periphery (U₁₁, U₁₂, U₁₃, U₁₆):

Second periphery (U₁₂)=(0.7-0.8) × the first periphery (U₁₁), and/or

Third periphery (U₁₃)=(0.7-0.8) × the first periphery (U₁₁), and/or

6th periphery (U₁₆)=(0.75-0.85) × the first periphery (U₁₁)。

6. as claim 3 to 5 described in any item barochambers, it is characterised in that: the second length sections (12) and/or Wall thickness (the WD of other length sections (13,16)₂) it is greater than the wall thickness (WD in the first length sections (11)₁)。

7. barochamber as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the second length sections (12) and/or other length Wall thickness (the WD of section (13,16)₂) than the wall thickness (WD in the first length sections (11)₁) big at least 5%.

8. as claim 3 to 5 described in any item barochambers, it is characterised in that: the second length sections (12) and/or Wall thickness (the WD of other length sections (13,16)₂) it is less than or equal to the wall thickness (WD of the first length sections (11)₁)。

9. such as described in any item barochambers of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that: the second length sections (12) construction exists End (the E of duct element (10)₁) on.

10. barochamber as described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that: the second length sections (12) are constructed in duct element (10) an end (E₁) on and third length sections (13) construction in other end (E₂) on, and the first length sections (11) it is configured to centre portion.

11. such as described in any item barochambers of claim 3 to 5, it is characterised in that: have the second length of the periphery reduced Spending section (12) and/or other length sections (13,16) has biggish first periphery (U in duct element (10)₁₁, U₁₁') two the first length sections (11,11 ') between extend.

12. such as described in any item barochambers of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that: at least duct element (10) have The the second periphery (U reduced₁₂) the second length sections (12) have compared with the first length sections (11) and circumferentially improve Plastic deformability, wherein effectively:

The plastic deformability of 1.05 × the second length sections of plastic deformability > of first length sections.

13. as claim 1 to 5 described in any item barochambers (1), it is characterised in that: the first length sections (11) and/ Or second length sections (12) have metallographic structure, the metallographic structure have surface share be at least 70% tempering geneva Body.

14. such as described in any item barochambers of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that: the second length sections (12) and first First tensile strength (Rm of length sections (11)_,11) compared to the second tensile strength (Rm reduced_,12), wherein effectively It is:

Second tensile strength (Rm_,12) 0.9 × the first tensile strength (Rm of <_,11)。

15. such as described in any item barochambers of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that: in the second length sections (12) and the Transitional region (14) are provided between one length sections (11), the tensile strength (Rm in the transitional region_,14) continuously increase, Wherein, transitional region (14) has the width (B between 10mm and 100mm₁₄)。

16. barochamber as claimed in claim 15, it is characterised in that: the transitional region (14) has in 15mm and 40mm Between width (B₁₄)。

17. barochamber as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: in the second length sections (12) and the first length sections (11) transition zone (15) are provided between and/or between third length sections (13) and the first length sections (11), at this Periphery (U in transition zone₁₅) continuously increase towards the direction of the first length sections (11).

18. barochamber as claimed in claim 17, it is characterised in that: transitional region (14) is located in transition zone (15), Wherein, transition zone (15) has the width (B greater than transitional region (14)₁₄) width (B₁₅)。

19. such as described in any item barochambers of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that: the second length of duct element (10) Section (12) has ferrite-pearlite-heterogeneous structure, and surface share is at least 70%.

20. such as described in any item barochambers of claim 3 to 5, it is characterised in that: the second length sections (12) or described Other length sections (13,16) are configured to the specified breaking point (S) of the part when barochamber (1) applies internal pressure.

21. such as described in any item barochambers of claim 3 to 5, it is characterised in that: specified breaking point (S) is arranged in gas In the center (M) of pressure vessel (1).

22. such as described in any item barochambers of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that: first length sections are in pipeline Periphery (the U that there are notch (19) in the outer peripheral surface of element (10), and generated by notch (19)₁₉) the first length sections relatively (11) the first periphery (U₁₁) expand.

23. such as described in any item barochambers of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that: it uses duct element (10), There is high rupture strength, wherein duct element (10) is the seamless or welding with constant periphery (U) when applying internal pressure Steel pipe, the duct element (10) have tensile strength (Rm_,11) greater than 800MPa the first length sections (11) and at least one Second length sections (12), each length sections (11,12,13,16) construct integral identical with material, and duct element (10) the second length sections (12) are compared with the first length sections (11) with the raising according to DIN ISO 8495-2004 Expander ability, wherein effectively:

The expander ability of expander ability > the first length sections of 1.1* of second length sections.

24. such as described in any item barochambers of claim 3 to 5, it is characterised in that: it uses duct element (10), There is high rupture strength, wherein duct element (10) is the seamless or welding with constant periphery (U) when applying internal pressure Steel pipe, the duct element (10) have tensile strength (Rm_,11) greater than 800MPa the first length sections (11) and at least one Second length sections (12) and other length sections (13,16), each length sections (11,12,13,16) construct integral sum Material is identical, and the second length sections (12) of duct element (10) and other length sections (13,16) and the first length It spends section (11) and compares the expander ability with the raising according to DIN ISO 8495-2004, wherein effectively:

The expander ability of expander ability > the first length sections of 1.1* of second length sections, and/or

The expander ability of expander ability > the first length sections of 1.1* of the other length sections.

25. barochamber as claimed in claim 23, it is characterised in that: the duct element (10) is the steel pipe of cold drawing.

26. barochamber as claimed in claim 23, it is characterised in that: duct element (10) is in the second length field that need to be processed There is the second hardness (HV in section (12)₁₂) and in the first length sections (11) have the first hardness (HV₁₁), and need to add The second length sections (12) of work have reduced hardness compared with the first length sections (11), wherein effectively:

Second hardness (HV₁₂The hardness of)/first (HV₁₁)=0.4 to 0.99.

27. barochamber as claimed in claim 24, it is characterised in that: duct element (10) is in the other length sections There is third hardness (HV in (13,16)₁₃, HV₁₆) and in the first length sections (11) have the first hardness (HV₁₁), and The other length sections (13,16) have reduced hardness compared with the first length sections (11), wherein effectively:

Third hardness (HV₁₃, HV₁₆The hardness of)/first (HV₁₁)=0.4 to 0.99.

28. barochamber as claimed in claim 23, it is characterised in that: duct element (10) is in addition to iron and as caused by melting In units of percentage include the composition of following alloying element except impurity:

29. the method for manufacturing barochamber, which includes the pipeline when applying internal pressure with high rupture strength Element (10), this method is from seamless or welding steel pipe and it is characterized by: having the following steps:

A) pipe quenched, be then tempered,

C) scale cun cuts into duct element (10),

D) duct element (10) is locally added in the second length sections (12) and/or other length sections (13), (16) Temperature arrives warm temperature (Tw), and local warming's longest 120 seconds, wherein the first length sections (11) are not heated herein,

F) make the second length sections (12) and/or the other length sections (13,16) in the case where reducing its periphery at Shape, wherein duct element (10) includes having the first transition temperature (Tu_,11) the first length sections (11) and have second turn Temperature (Tu_,12) the second length sections (12) and/or have third transition temperature (Tu_,13, Tu_,16) other length field Section (13,16), wherein effectively:

Second transition temperature (Tu_,12) the first transition temperature of < (Tu_,11) and the second transition temperature (Tu_,12) < -50 DEG C, and/or

Third transition temperature (Tu_,13, Tu_,16) the first transition temperature of < (Tu_,11) and third transition temperature (Tu_,13, Tu_,16) <- 50 DEG C,

G) the second length sections (12) and/or the other length sections (13,16) are carried out before formation or later cold But.

30. method as claimed in claim 29, it is characterised in that: carry out step b) between step a) and step c): to pipe Carry out cold drawing.

31. method as claimed in claim 29, it is characterised in that: local warming's longest 30 seconds.

32. method as claimed in claim 29, it is characterised in that: carry out step e) between step d) and step f): by institute Temperature (Tw) is stated to be kept for longest 120 seconds.

33. method as claimed in claim 29, it is characterised in that: carry out step e) between step d) and step f): by institute Temperature (Tw) is stated to be kept for longest 30 seconds.

34. method as claimed in claim 29, it is characterised in that: to the second length sections (12) in unique production phase And/or the other length sections (13,16) are heated and are carried out half hot forming.

35. method as claimed in claim 29, it is characterised in that: to the second length sections (12) and/or described other Length sections (13,16) carry out adjusting beneficial tangential natural stress from warm temperature (Tw) to the cooling period lower than 150 DEG C.