CN106998774A - 包含人乳低聚糖、多不饱和脂肪酸、核苷酸以及叶黄素的婴儿配方 - Google Patents
包含人乳低聚糖、多不饱和脂肪酸、核苷酸以及叶黄素的婴儿配方 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106998774A CN106998774A CN201580064231.1A CN201580064231A CN106998774A CN 106998774 A CN106998774 A CN 106998774A CN 201580064231 A CN201580064231 A CN 201580064231A CN 106998774 A CN106998774 A CN 106998774A
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Abstract
婴儿配方包含选自2’‑岩藻糖基乳糖(2’‑FL)和乳糖‑N‑新四糖(LNnT)中的至少一种人乳低聚糖;多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和花生四烯酸(AA),其中AA和DHA以1与1.8之间的n‑6/n‑3比率存在;至少30mg/L的核苷酸,其中核苷酸包括次黄苷酸;以及至少30μg/L的叶黄素。还提供使用所述婴儿配方来提高婴儿的认知、学习和记忆中的至少一种的方法。所述方法包括向婴儿施用所述婴儿配方。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2014年11月26日提交的美国申请号62/084,705的优先权和权益,所述申请的全部公开内容以引用的方式并入文本。
领域
本公开涉及婴儿配方以及使用所述婴儿配方来提高婴儿的认知、学习和记忆中的至少一种的方法。具体地说,婴儿配方包含选自2’-岩藻糖基乳糖(2’-FL)和乳糖-N-新四糖(LNnT)中的至少一种人乳低聚糖;多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和花生四烯酸(AA),其中AA和DHA以1与1.8之间的n-6/n-3比率存在;至少30mg/L的核苷酸,其中核苷酸包括次黄苷酸;以及至少30μg/L的叶黄素。
背景
目前婴儿配方常用于在生命早期为早产儿和足月儿提供营养补充或单一营养来源。这些配方通常含有用于婴儿膳食的基础营养素,并且在商业上可作为粉末、即食液体和液体浓缩物获得。许多婴儿配方提供人乳的品质替代物,因为并非所有婴儿都能接受人乳。
婴儿期是中枢神经系统和周围神经系统出现发育的时间。在婴儿配方中包含促进神经系统发育、功能或两者的成分能提高婴儿的认知、学习、记忆中的一种或多种。
发明内容
本公开涉及婴儿配方,其包含选自2’-岩藻糖基乳糖(2’-FL)和乳糖-N-新四糖(LNnT)中的至少一种人乳低聚糖;多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和花生四烯酸(AA),其中AA和DHA以1与1.8之间的n-6/n-3比率存在;至少30mg/L的核苷酸,其中核苷酸包括次黄苷酸;以及至少30μg/L的叶黄素的组合。
还提供使用所述婴儿配方来提高婴儿的认知、学习和记忆中的至少一种的方法。所述方法包括向婴儿施用如本文所公开的婴儿配方。
本公开的婴儿配方和方法提供可替代的治疗或营养干预选项,其可以促成个体中并且尤其是婴儿、学步幼童和儿童中的提高的认知、学习和记忆中的一种或多种。
详述
本公开涉及婴儿配方,其包含选自2’-岩藻糖基乳糖(2’-FL)和乳糖-N-新四糖(LNnT)中的至少一种人乳低聚糖;多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和花生四烯酸(AA),其中AA和DHA以1与1.8之间的n-6/n-3比率存在;至少30mg/L的核苷酸,其中核苷酸包括次黄苷酸;以及至少30μg/L的叶黄素的组合。
如本文所用的术语“婴儿”大体上是指实际年龄或校正年龄多至36个月大的个体,包括实际年龄或校正年龄多至12个月大的个体。
如本文所用的术语“早产儿”是指在小于37周妊娠出生的、具有小于2500gm的出生体重的或两者的那些婴儿。
除非另外指明,否则如本文所用的表示为“μg/l”或“mg/l”的所有浓度是指在所述婴儿配方内在喂食基础上计算的成分浓度。
除非另外指明,否则如本文所用的术语“认知”是指大脑的学习、思考和记忆(即,记忆获得、记忆保留和记忆回顾)。除非另外指明,否则如本文所用的术语“提高认知”是指提高婴儿的学习、思考和记忆功能中的至少一种。
除非另外指明,否则术语“婴儿配方”是指适用于作为主要营养来源被婴儿消耗的液体和固体营养产品。术语“婴儿配方”不包含人类乳汁。
除非另外指明,否则如本文所用的所有百分比、份数和比率均是按总组合物的重量计的。如它们所涉及的列出的成分的所有此类重量均是基于活性水平,并且因此除非另外指示,否则不包含商业上可用的材料中可包含的溶剂或副产物。
本文所公开的所有范围和参数(包括但不限于百分比、份数和比率)应理解为涵盖其中假定和包含的任何和所有子范围以及各端点之间的每个值。例如,所陈述的“1至10”的范围应被理解为包括以最小值1或更大数字开始并且以最大值10或更小数字结束(例如1至6.1、或2.3至9.4)的任何和所有子范围,并且被认为是包括在所述范围内的每个整数(1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10)。
本公开的婴儿配方的不同实施方案可包含痕量的任何本文所述的任选或所选的必需成分或特征,条件是其余制剂仍含有所有本文所述的必要成分或特征。在此上下文中并且除非另外指明,否则术语“痕量”意指所选制剂含有按婴儿配方的重量计不超过2重量%的任选成分,通常小于1重量%,并且还包含零百分比的此类任选或所选的必需成分。
除非在进行引用的上下文中相反地明确指示或清楚说明,否则本公开的单一特征或限制的所有引用应包括对应的多个特征或限制,并且反之亦然。
除非在进行引用的组合的上下文中相反地明确指示或清楚说明,否则如本文所用的方法或流程步骤的所有组合可按任何顺序进行。
本公开的婴儿配方的不同实施方案也可基本上不含本文所述的任何必需成分或特征,条件是其余配方仍含有所有本文所述的必要成分或特征。在此上下文中并且除非另外指示,否则术语“基本上不含”意指所选组合物含有小于功能量的任选成分,通常按任选或所选的必需成分的重量计小于1%,包括小于0.5%,包括小于0.1%并且还包括零百分比。
婴儿配方和对应的制造方法可包括以下、由以下组成或基本上由以下组成:如本文所述的产品的要素以及本文所述的或营养产品应用中另外有用的任何另外或任选的要素。
就本说明书或权利要求中术语“包括(includes)”或“包括(including)”的使用程度来说,其意在以与术语“包括(comprising)”在权利要求中用作过渡词被解释时类似的方式具有包括性。此外,对于所采用的术语“或(or)”(例如,A或B)来说,其意在表示“A或B或两者”。当申请人意图指示“仅A或B而不是两者”时,那么将使用术语“仅A或B而不是两者”。因此,在本文中术语“或”的使用是包括性的,而不是排他性的使用。另外,就本说明书或权利要求中术语“在...中(in)”或“到...中(into)”的使用程度来说,其意在另外表示“在...上(on)”或“到...上(onto)”。另外,就术语“连接”在本说明书或权利要求书中的使用程度来说,它不仅旨在说明“直接连接至”,而旨在说明“间接连接至”,诸如通过另一个部件或多个部件连接。
人乳低聚糖2’-岩藻糖基乳糖(2’-FL)和乳糖-N-新四糖(LNnT)
本文所述的婴儿配方包含人乳低聚糖(HMO)2’-FL和LNnT中的至少一种。研究已显示HMO在提高中枢神经系统(CNS)功能方面有多种作用。例如,HMO已显示刺激肠道神经细胞、减少炎症(包括神经炎症)、促进有益微生物的生长并且增加神经保护性化合物的水平。申请人相信在婴儿配方中包含HMO 2’-FL和LNnT中的至少一种可以提高与CNS相关的神经功能,诸如认知、学习和记忆。
在某些方面,2’-FL、LNnT或两者以有效于提高婴儿的认知、学习和记忆中的一种或多种的浓度存在于婴儿配方中,所述浓度包括约0.0001mg/mL至约50mg/mL、约0.001mg/mL至约20mg/mL、约0.01mg/mL至约10mg/mL、约0.05mg/mL至约5mg/mL、约0.5mg/mL至约1mg/mL的浓度,或者在约0.0001mg/mL、约0.0005mg/mL、约0.001mg/mL、约0.005mg/mL、约0.01mg/mL、约0.025mg/mL、约0.05mg/mL、约0.075mg/mL、约0.1mg/mL、约0.2mg/mL、约0.3mg/mL、约0.4mg/mL、约0.5mg/mL、约0.6mg/mL、约0.7mg/mL、约0.8mg/mL、约0.9mg/mL、约1.0mg/mL、约1.2mg/mL、约1.4mg/mL、约1.6mg/mL、约1.8mg/mL、约2.0mg/mL、约5.0mg/mL、约7.5mg/mL、约10mg/mL、约15mg/mL、约20mg/mL、约25mg/mL、约30mg/mL、约40mg/mL或约50mg/mL的浓度下。
除包含以上所述的2’-FL和LNnT中的至少一种之外,在某些方面,婴儿配方包含另外的唾液酸化的或岩藻糖化的人乳低聚糖(HMO)。在婴儿配方中使用的任何或所有HMO可从由哺乳动物分泌的乳汁中分离或富集,所述哺乳动物包括但不限于:人类、牛、绵羊、猪或山羊种类。HMO也可通过微生物发酵、酶促过程、化学合成或其组合来产生。
婴儿配方中包含的适合的唾液酸化的HMO在低聚糖主链中包含至少一个唾液酸残基。在某些方面,唾液酸化的HMO包含两个或更多个唾液酸残基。用于本公开中的唾液酸化的HMO的特定非限制性实例包括唾液酸低聚糖、唾液酸(例如,游离的唾液酸、脂质结合的唾液酸、蛋白质结合的唾液酸)、乳糖唾液酸四糖(lactosialotetraose)、3’-唾液酸-3-岩藻糖基乳糖、二唾液酸岩藻糖基乳糖-N-新己糖、单岩藻糖基单唾液酸乳糖-N-八糖(唾液酸Lea)、唾液酸乳糖-N-岩藻糖己糖II、二唾液酸乳糖-N-岩藻糖戊糖II、单岩藻糖二唾液酸乳糖-N-四糖)、唾液酸岩藻糖低聚糖、2’-唾液酸乳糖、2-唾液酸乳糖胺、3’-唾液酸乳糖、3’-唾液酸乳糖胺、6’-唾液酸乳糖、6’-唾液酸乳糖胺、唾液酸乳糖-N-新四糖c、单唾液酸乳糖-N-己糖、二唾液酸乳糖-N-己糖I、单唾液酸乳糖-N-新己糖I、单唾液酸乳糖-N-新己糖II、二唾液酸乳糖-N-新己糖、二唾液酸乳糖-N-四糖、二唾液酸乳糖-N-己糖II、唾液酸乳糖-N-四糖a、二唾液酸乳糖-N-己糖I、唾液酸乳糖-N-四糖b、唾液酸-乳糖-N-四糖a、唾液酸-乳糖-N-四糖b、唾液酸-乳糖-N-四糖c、唾液酸-岩藻糖-乳糖-N-四糖I、唾液酸-岩藻糖-乳糖-N-四糖II、二唾液酸-乳糖-N-四糖以及其组合。
婴儿配方中包含的岩藻糖化HMO的特定非限制性实例包括岩藻糖低聚糖、乳糖-N-岩藻糖戊糖I、乳糖-N-岩藻糖戊糖II、3’-岩藻糖乳糖、乳糖-N-岩藻糖戊糖III、乳糖-N-二岩藻糖己糖I、乳糖二岩藻糖四糖、单岩藻糖乳糖-N-己糖II、同分异构的岩藻糖化乳糖-N-己糖(1)、同分异构的岩藻糖化乳糖-N-己糖(3)、同分异构的岩藻糖化乳糖-N-己糖(2)、二岩藻糖-对-乳糖-N-新己糖、二岩藻糖-对--乳糖-N-己糖、二岩藻糖乳糖-N己糖单岩藻糖乳糖-新八糖、单岩藻糖乳糖-N-八糖、二岩藻糖乳糖-N-八糖I、二岩藻糖乳糖-N-八糖II、二岩藻糖乳糖-N-新八糖II、二岩藻糖乳糖-N-新八糖I、乳糖-N-岩藻糖戊糖V、乳糖-N-十糖、三岩藻糖乳糖-N-新八糖、三岩藻糖乳糖-N-八糖、三岩藻糖-异-乳糖-N-八糖、乳糖-N-二岩藻糖-己糖II以及其组合。
在某些方面,婴儿配方中包含的HMO的其他适合的实例包括乳糖-N-己糖、对-乳糖-N-己糖、乳糖-N-新己糖、对-乳糖-N-新己糖、乳糖-N-新八糖、对-乳糖-N-八糖、异-乳糖-N-八糖、乳糖-N-八糖以及其组合。
在某些方面,唾液酸化的和岩藻糖化的HMO(排除2’-FL和LNnT中的至少一种)以组合物中的以下人乳低聚糖总量(mg人乳低聚糖/mL组合物,如消耗/施用的或者适用于消耗/施用的)存在于婴儿配方中:配方中的至少约0.001mg/mL、至少约0.01mg/mL、约0.001mg/mL至约20mg/mL、约0.01mg/mL至约20mg/mL、0.001mg/mL至约10mg/mL、约0.01mg/mL至约10mg/mL、0.001mg/mL至约5mg/mL、约0.01mg/mL至约5mg/mL、约0.001mg/mL至约1mg/mL、约0.001mg/mL至约0.23mg/mL或约0.01mg/mL至约0.23mg/mL的总人乳低聚糖。在某些方面,存在于组合物中的特定的唾液酸化的人乳低聚糖、岩藻糖化的人乳低聚糖或两者(排除2’-FL和LNnT中的至少一种)的量将取决于一种或多种存在的特定人乳低聚糖和婴儿配方中的其他组分的量,包括任何任选的人乳低聚糖的量。在本文公开的婴儿配方中优选地使用合成的(即,非人类或动物来源的)HMO。
多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)
本文所述的婴儿配方包含PUFA二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和花生四烯酸(AA)。研究已显示PUFA在支持婴儿的大脑和视觉发育方面有多种作用。申请人相信在婴儿配方中包含DHA和AA可以提高与CNS相关的神经功能,诸如认知、学习和记忆。
DHA为n-3PUFA并且在大脑和视网膜中是丰富的,PUFA在大脑中占40%并且PUFA在视网膜中占60%。AA为n-6PUFA,其存在于身体细胞的磷脂,尤其是磷脂酰乙醇胺、磷脂酰胆碱和磷脂酰肌醇中,并且在大脑、骨骼和肝脏中是丰富的。已知这些PUFA有各种作用,希望的是n-6和n-3PUFA摄入均衡。因此,本文所述的婴儿配方包含DHA和AA的组合,以使得AA与DHA的n-6与n-3比率为1至1.8,包括1.2至1.7的比率并且包括1.5的比率。
在某些方面,PUFA作为游离脂肪酸、以甘油三酯形式、以甘油二酯形式、以单甘油酯形式、以磷脂形式或者作为以上一种或多种的混合物来提供,优选地以甘油三酯形式来提供。
在某些方面,婴儿配方包含至少约20mg/L的DHA和AA中的一种或两种。在某些方面,婴儿配方包含以下浓度的DHA:至少60mg/L,包括至少70mg/L,包括至少80mg/L,包括至少90mg/L,包括至少100mg/L,包括至少150mg/L,包括至少200mg/L并且包括60mg/L至约1000mg/L,并且包括约100mg/L至约500mg/L。在某些方面,婴儿配方包含以下浓度的AA:至少110mg/L,包括至少120mg/L,包括至少130mg/L,包括至少140mg/L,包括至少150mg/L,包括至少200mg/L,并且包括110mg/L至约1000mg/L,并且还包括约110mg/L至约500mg/L。
除了DHA和AA之外,在某些方面,婴儿配方包含一种或多种另外的PUFA。此类另外的PUFA包括但不限于二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳五烯酸(DPA)、亚油酸、亚麻酸(α亚麻酸)以及γ-亚麻酸。PUFA可以来源于油源,诸如植物油、海洋浮游生物、真菌油以及鱼油。在某些方面,PUFA来源于鱼油,诸如步鱼、鲑鱼、鳀鱼、鳕鱼、庸鲽、金枪鱼或鲱鱼油。
为了减少婴儿配方中的高剂量PUFA的潜在副作用,在一些方面,婴儿配方中PUFA的含量不超过按总脂肪含量的重量计的3%,包括低于按总脂肪含量的重量计的2%,并且包括低于按总脂肪含量的重量计的1%。
多聚核苷酸
本文所述的婴儿配方包含核苷酸,至少包含核苷酸次黄苷酸。研究已显示核苷酸在保护个体使其免于感染方面起作用。申请人相信在婴儿配方中包含核苷酸(至少包含次黄苷酸)可以提高与CNS相关的神经功能,诸如认知、学习和记忆。本文所公开的婴儿配方包含至少30mg/L的核苷酸,包含至少50mg/L和至少100mg/L的核苷酸。
婴儿配方中的核苷酸浓度优选地来自单独的次黄苷酸,或者在某些方面中来自次黄苷酸与一种或多种另外的核苷酸、核苷酸前体或两者的组合。核苷酸前体的非限制性实例包括核苷酸、嘌呤碱、嘧啶碱、核糖以及脱氧核糖。核苷酸可以是单磷酸酯、二磷酸酯或三磷酸酯的形式。核苷酸可以是核糖核苷酸或脱氧核糖核苷酸。核苷酸可以是单体的、二聚体的或聚合物的(包括RNA和DNA)。核苷酸可作为游离酸或以盐的形式,优选地以单钠盐的形式存在于营养组合物中。
用于婴儿配方中的另外的核苷酸和核苷的非限制性实例包括以下一种或多种:5'-单磷酸胞苷、5'-单磷酸尿苷、5'-单磷酸腺苷、5'-1-单磷酸鸟苷,更优选地为5'-单磷酸胞苷、5'-单磷酸尿苷、5'-单磷酸腺苷以及5'-单磷酸鸟苷。
类胡萝卜素
本文所述的婴儿配方另外包含叶黄素。叶黄素已显示提供氧化保护并且增强婴儿的大脑发育。申请人相信在婴儿配方中包含叶黄素可以提高与CNS相关的神经功能,诸如认知、学习和记忆。叶黄素以至少30μg/L的浓度(包括在44μg/L与5mg/L之间的浓度)存在于婴儿配方中。
在某些方面,婴儿配方含有反式叶黄素。如本文所用的,“反式叶黄素”是指具有以下结构的化合物:
在其中婴儿配方包含反式叶黄素的那些方面中,婴儿配方可以含有反式叶黄素与其他叶黄素形式的组合,或者在一些方面中,叶黄素全部为反式形式。在某些方面,叶黄素为50%反式叶黄素,包括至少60%反式叶黄素,包括至少70%反式叶黄素,包括至少80%反式叶黄素,包括至少90%反式叶黄素,并且在某些方面中,包括至少95%反式叶黄素。
在某些方面,婴儿配方包含一种或多种另外的类葫萝卜素,诸如β-胡萝卜素、玉米黄素、番茄烯以及其组合。应当理解,β-胡萝卜素、玉米黄素和番茄烯的任何组合可以连同叶黄素一起包含在本公开的婴儿配方中。在其中婴儿配方中包含番茄烯的那些方面中,番茄烯优选地以以下浓度存在:0.001μg/mL至5μg/mL,0.001μg/mL至0.0130μg/mL,包括0.001μg/mL至0.0075μg/mL的番茄烯,并且还包括0.0185μg/L至5μg/L的番茄烯。在其中婴儿配方中包含β-胡萝卜素的那些方面中,β-胡萝卜素优选地以以下浓度存在:1μg/mL至5μg/mL,包括0.001μg/mL至0.025μg/L的β-胡萝卜素,包括0.001μg/L至0.011μg/mL的β-胡萝卜素,并且还包括0.034μg/mL至5μg/mL的β-胡萝卜素。
在如本文所述的婴儿配方中任选地可包含其他类葫萝卜素。如本文所述的婴儿配方中包含的任何或所有类葫萝卜素可以是来自天然来源或者是人工合成的。
在所选组合中的每种类葫萝卜素可以从用于婴儿配方的任何已知或其他方面适合的材料来源获得,并且它们各自可以单独地提供或全部一起提供,或者以任何组合提供,并且来自任何数目的来源,包括含有其他维生素或矿物质与一种或多种如本文所述的类胡萝卜素的组合的来源,诸如多维生素预混合物。叶黄素、番茄烯、β-胡萝卜素或其组合的一些适合的来源的非限制性实例包括番茄烯(可获自BASF,Mount Olive,NJ)、油、粉末或珠粒形式的番茄提取物(可获自LycoRed Corp.,Orange,NJ)、β-胡萝卜素、叶黄素或番茄烯(可获自DSM Nutritional Products,Parsippany,NJ)、叶黄素(可获自Kemin Health,Des Moines,IA)、天然叶黄素酯(可获自Cognis,Cincinnati,OH)以及β-胡萝卜素(可获自BASF,Mount Olive,N.J)。
RRR-α-生育酚
在某些方面,本文所述的婴儿配方包含RRR-α-生育酚。大脑分析显示胆固醇、谷氨酸盐与RRR-α-生育酚之间的相关性。胆固醇为主要的髓鞘质组分并且为CNS髓鞘化程度的标志。谷氨酸盐为神经递质,据报道其刺激神经元过度生长和分支。研究表明RRR-α-生育酚刺激新生儿婴儿CNS发育。申请人相信在婴儿配方中包含RRR-α-生育酚可以提高与CNS相关的神经功能,诸如认知、学习和记忆。
在某些方面中,RRR-α-生育酚以足以提高大脑或CNS发育的量存在于婴儿配方中。在一些方面,婴儿配方含有以下浓度的RRR-α-生育酚:至少约5mg/L,包括至少约7mg/L,包括至少约8mg/L,包括至少约9mg/L,包括至少约10mg/L,包括至少约15mg/L,包括至少约18mg/L,包括至少约20mg/L,包括至少约5mg/L至约100mg/L,包括至少约7mg/L至约50mg/L,并且包括约20mg/L至约40mg/L。RRR-α-生育酚的总量包括RRR-α-生育酚的外部来源和固有来源二者,如以下所述的。
如本文所用的,术语“RRR-α-生育酚”是指存在于婴儿配方中的RRR-α-生育酚和RRR-α-生育酚乙酸酯的外部来源和固有来源二者。固有来源包括固有地存在于婴儿配方中存在的组分中的RRR-α-生育酚并且可包括例如各种油和脂肪。RRR-α-生育酚的外部来源包括添加到婴儿配方中而不作为另一种组分部分的RRR-α-生育酚。
生育酚通常称为维生素E,可以四种形式获得:α-、β-、γ-以及δ-,它们的不同之处在于色满环上的甲基的数目和位置,如以下结构和表1所示出的。
表1
天然生育酚的结构
生育酚可以许多立体异构形式存在,这取决于植基尾部的手性。在α-生育酚中,RRR-α-生育酚(也称为“天然维生素E”)具有最大的生物活性并且据报道是大脑中最主要的α-生育酚形式。RRR-α-生育酚为单一立体异构体,而合成的维生素E(全部外消旋的α-生育酚或乙酸生育酚)为八种异构体的等摩尔混合物,这八种异构体之一为RRR-α-生育酚。α-生育酚的主要形式为RRR-α-生育酚的事实(基于动物研究)强烈提示其他七种手性异构体在大脑中以较低速率吸收或者以更快速率氧化。
据报道人乳的RRR-α-生育酚含量和α-生育酚与γ-生育酚的比率随着泌乳阶段而降低。初乳的α-生育酚与γ-生育酚的比率为约10并且在成熟乳汁中它降低至约4-6。可能这些降低的α-生育酚与γ-生育酚的比率被优化用于对婴儿进行最大保护使其免于氧化应激而不会不利地影响婴儿CNS发育。γ-生育酚已显示与磷脂含量负相关。然而,γ-生育酚已显示充当抗氧化剂。
在某些方面,希望的是婴儿配方还含有γ-生育酚,但是γ-生育酚的量、RRR-α-生育酚与γ-生育酚的比率或者二者受到控制。因此,当存在时,γ-生育酚理想地以以下浓度存在于婴儿配方中:小于7mg/L,包括小于5mg/L,包括0mg/L至3mg/L,包括约1mg/L至3mg/L婴儿配方。可选地或另外地,γ-生育酚的潜在负面影响通过包含过量RRR-α-生育酚来控制。例如,在某些方面,α-生育酚与γ-生育酚的比率为约2:1至约20:1,或约3.5:1至约15:1;或约5:1至约10:1。具有约2:1至约20:1的α-生育酚与γ-生育酚的比率的维生素E或其来源也称为“优化的生育酚共混物”。
除了平衡以上所述的n-6与n-3PUFA之外,在婴儿配方包含RRR-α-生育酚的情况下,希望的是RRR-α-生育酚、DHA和AA的量以特定重量比存在。这样,在某些方面,DHA与RRR-α-生育酚的重量比范围为约5:1至约15:1,理想地为约7.5:1至约10:1,并且AA与RRR-α-生育酚的重量比范围为约12:1至约24:1,理想地为约12:1至约18:1。
常量营养素
在某些方面,婴儿配方将包含蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物中的至少一种。在许多方面,婴儿配方将包含蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物。
当存在时,碳水化合物浓度的范围最通常地将为按婴儿配方的重量计的约5%至约40%,包括约7%至约30%,包括约10%至约25%。当存在时,脂肪浓度的范围最通常地将为按婴儿配方的重量计的约1%至约30%,包括约2%至约15%,并且还包括约3%至约10%。当存在时,蛋白质浓度的范围最通常地将为按婴儿配方的重量计的约0.5%至约30%,包括约1%至约15%,并且还包括约2%至约10%。
在任何本文所述的婴儿配方中的碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质中任一种或所有的量也可表征为如以下表中所列出的婴儿配方中总卡路里的百分比。用于本公开的婴儿配方的这些常量营养素最通常地配制为以下表(每个数值前面有术语“约”)所述的任何卡路里范围(实施方案A-F)。
表2.婴儿配方的示例性常量营养素分布
脂肪
在一些方面,本公开的婴儿配方包含除以上所述的PUFA之外的一个或多个脂肪来源。本文中使用的适合的脂肪来源包括适用于口服婴儿配方并与此类配方的必需元素和特征相容的任何脂肪或脂肪来源。
用于本文所述的婴儿配方中的适合的脂肪或其来源的另外的非限制性实例包括椰子油、分馏的椰子油、大豆油、玉米油、橄榄油、红花油、高油酸红花油、油酸(EMERSOL6313OLEIC ACID,Cognis Oleochemicals,Malaysia)、MCT油(中链甘油三酯)、葵花油、高油酸葵花油、棕榈油和棕仁油、棕榈油精、菜籽油、海洋石油、鱼油、真菌油、海藻油、棉籽油以及其组合。
蛋白质
在某些方面,本公开的婴儿配方包含蛋白质。适用于口服婴儿配方并与此配方的必需元素和特征相容的任何蛋白质来源适用于婴儿配方。
用于婴儿配方中的适合的蛋白质或其来源的非限制性实例包括水解的、部分水解的或未水解的蛋白质或蛋白质来源,其可以来源于任何已知的或其他适合的来源,诸如乳汁(例如,酪蛋白、乳清)、动物(例如,肉类、鱼)、谷类(例如,大米、玉米)、植物(例如,大豆)或其组合。此类蛋白质的非限制性实例包括乳蛋白分离物、如本文所述的乳蛋白浓缩物、酪蛋白分离物、广泛水解的酪蛋白、乳清蛋白、酪蛋白钠或钙、全牛乳、部分或完全脱脂的乳汁、大豆蛋白分离物以及大豆蛋白浓缩物。在一方面,婴儿配方包含来源于人类和/或牛来源的乳蛋白的蛋白质来源。
在一方面,蛋白质来源为水解的蛋白质,即蛋白质水解物。在此上下文中,术语“水解的蛋白质”或“蛋白质水解物”在本文中可互换使用并且包括广泛水解的蛋白质,其中水解程度最常见地为至少约20%,包括约20%至约80%,并且还包括约30%至约80%,甚至更优选地为约40%至约60%。水解程度为肽键被水解方法破坏的程度。出于表征这些实施方案的广泛水解的蛋白质组分的目的进行的蛋白质水解程度容易通过制剂领域普通技术人员通过量化所选液体制剂的蛋白质组分的氨基氮与总氮比率(AN/TN)来测定。氨基氮组分通过用于测定氨基氮含量的USP滴定方法来量化,而总氮组分通过Tecator Kjeldahl方法来测定,所有方法均为分析化学领域普通技术人员已熟知的方法。
适合的水解的蛋白质包括大豆蛋白水解物、酪蛋白水解物、乳清蛋白水解物、大米蛋白水解物、土豆蛋白水解物、鱼蛋白水解物、蛋清水解物、明胶蛋白水解物、动物和植物蛋白水解物的组合以及其组合。特别优选的蛋白质水解物包括乳清蛋白水解物和水解的酪蛋白钠。
当用于婴儿配方中时,蛋白质来源可包含至少约20%(按总蛋白质的重量计)蛋白质水解物,包含约30%至100%(按总蛋白质的重量计)蛋白质水解物,并且包含约40%至约80%(按总蛋白质的重量计)蛋白质水解物,并且包含约50%(按总蛋白质的重量计)蛋白质水解物。在一方面,婴儿配方包含100%(按总蛋白质的重量计)蛋白质水解物。
糖类
在一些方面,本公开的婴儿配方包含适用于口服婴儿配方并且与此类配方的必需元素和特征相容的碳水化合物。
用于本文所述的婴儿配方中的适合的碳水化合物或其来源的非限制性实例包括麦芽糊精、水解或改性的淀粉或玉米淀粉、葡萄糖聚合物、玉米糖浆、玉米糖浆固体、大米来源的碳水化合物、豌豆来源的碳水化合物、土豆来源于的碳水化合物、木薯淀粉、蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖、乳糖、高果糖玉米糖浆、蜂蜜、糖醇(例如,麦芽糖醇、赤丁四醇、山梨醇)、人工甜味剂(例如,三氯蔗糖、乙酰磺胺酸钾、甜菊)以及其组合。特别期望的碳水化合物为低右旋糖当量(DE)的麦芽糊精。
制造方法
本公开的婴儿配方可通过用于制备配方的任何已知的或另外有效的制造技术来制备。已知许多此类技术用于任何给定的产品形式诸如营养液体或粉末并且可以容易通过本领域普通技术人员应用于本文所述的婴儿配方。
本公开的婴儿配方可以因此通过许多已知或其他有效的配制或制造方法中的任一种来制备。在一种适合的制造方法中,例如,制备至少三种单独的浆液,包括脂肪包蛋白质(protein-in-fat)(PIF)浆液、碳水化合物矿物质(CHO-MIN)浆液和水包蛋白质(protein-in-water)(PIW)浆液。PIF浆液通过加热并混合油(例如,菜籽油、玉米油等)并且然后在继续加热和搅拌的情况下添加乳化剂(例如,卵磷脂)、脂溶性维生素和总蛋白质的一部分(例如,乳蛋白浓缩物等)来形成。CHO-MIN浆液通过在加热搅拌的情况下将以下各项添加到水中来形成:矿物质(例如,柠檬酸钾、磷酸氢二钾、柠檬酸钠等)、痕量和超痕量矿物质(TM/UTM预混合物)、增稠剂或悬浮剂(例如,艾维素、结冷胶和角叉菜胶)。所得CHO-MIN浆液在继续加热和搅拌的情况下保持10分钟,之后添加另外的矿物质(例如,氯化钾、碳酸镁、碘化钾等)和/或碳水化合物(例如,HMO、低聚果糖、蔗糖、玉米糖浆等)。然后PIW浆液通过在加热和搅拌的情况下混合其余的蛋白质(如果有的话)来形成。
然后在加热搅拌的情况下将所得浆液共混在一起并且将pH调节至6.6-7.0,在此之后组合物经历短时高温加工(HTST),在此期间组合物被加热处理、乳化并均质化,并且然后使其冷却。添加水溶维生素和抗坏血酸,在需要时将pH调节至所需范围,添加调味剂,并且添加水,以实现所需的总固体水平。然后无菌包装所述配方,以形成无菌包装的营养乳剂。此乳剂然后可以进一步稀释、加热处理并包装,以形成即时或浓缩的液体,或者它可以加热处理并随后加工并包装为可重构粉末,例如喷雾干燥、干燥混合、聚集。
营养固体诸如喷雾干燥的营养粉末或干燥混合的营养粉末可通过已知或其他有效的适用于制备和配制营养粉末的技术的任何集合来制备。
例如,当营养粉末为喷雾干燥的营养粉末时,喷雾干燥步骤可同样包括已知用于或其他适用于生产营养粉末的任何喷雾干燥技术。许多不同的喷雾干燥方法和技术已知用于营养品领域,所有这些方法和技术均适用于制造本文中的喷雾干燥的营养粉末。
一种制备喷雾干燥的营养粉末的方法包括形成含有预消化脂肪和任选地蛋白质、碳水化合物和其他脂肪来源的含水浆液或液体并将其均质化并且然后将所述浆液或液体喷雾干燥以产生喷雾干燥的营养粉末。所述方法还可包括喷雾干燥、干燥混合或另外向喷雾干燥的营养粉末添加另外的营养成分(包括本文所述的成分中的一种或多种)的步骤。
用于制备婴儿配方的其他适合的方法描述于例如美国专利号6,365,218(Borschel,等)、美国专利号6,589,576(Borschel等)、美国专利号6,306,908(Carlson,等)、美国专利申请号20030118703A1(Nguyen,等),所述描述在与本文一致的程度上以引用的方式并入本文。
使用方法
本公开的使用方法包括口服施用婴儿配方以提高婴儿的认知、学习和记忆中的至少一种,所述婴儿配方包含PUFA、核苷酸、叶黄素以及2’-FL和LNnT中的至少一种。具体地说,公开的PUFA、核苷酸、叶黄素以及2’-FL和LNnT中的至少一种的组合可通过增强记忆获得、记忆保留和记忆回顾来提高一般认知,所述组合有助于学习、思考和记忆的认知功能
如本文所述的婴儿配方可以施用给包括婴儿的个体,或者在一些方面中可以施用给特定子类的“有需要的”婴儿;即,施用给通过施用婴儿配方将特别受益的特定婴儿。例如,如果特定婴儿易患神经变性疾病或通常可损害/减少认知或认知的特定方面的其他疾病或病状(即,具有所述疾病或病状的遗传易感性、家族史和症状中的一种或多种),则它们可能“需要”如本文所述的婴儿配方。
个体理想地每日消耗至少一份婴儿配方,并且在一些实施方案中,可每日消耗两份、三份或甚至更多份。每份理想地作为单一的、未分开的剂量施用,尽管每份也可分成两个或更多个部分或分开的份,以在每日服用两次或更多次。本公开的方法包括连续的每天施用以及定期或有限的施用,尽管连续的每天施用通常是希望的。本公开的方法优选地在每日的基础上应用,其中每日施用连续持续至少3天,包括至少5天,包括至少1个月,包括至少6周,包括至少8周,包括至少2个月,包括至少6个月,理想地持续至少约18-24个月,理想地作为长期的、连续的、每日的膳食来源或补充。
除非本文另外指示,否则所有子实施方案和任选的实施方案均为本文所述的所有实施方案的相应子实施方案和任选的实施方案。虽然本申请通过描述其实施方案来示出,并且虽然实施方案已经相当详细地描述,但是本申请人不意欲将所附权利要求书的范围限定或以任何方式限制于这类细节。本领域的技术人员将容易地想到其他优势和改进。因此,本申请在其较广泛的方面不限于特定细节、代表性组合物或制剂以及所示和所述的说明性实施例。因此,可在不背离本文的申请人的一般公开的精神或范围的情况下对此类细节做出变更。
Claims (19)
1.一种婴儿配方,其包含:
选自2’-岩藻糖基乳糖(2’-FL)和乳糖-N-新四糖(LNnT)中的至少一种人乳低聚糖;
多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和花生四烯酸(AA),其中所述AA和所述DHA以1与1.8之间的n-6/n-3比率存在;
至少30mg/L的核苷酸,其中所述核苷酸包括次黄苷酸;以及
至少30μg/L的叶黄素。
2.如权利要求1所述的婴儿配方,其包含约0.001mg/mL与约20mg/mL之间的所述至少一种人乳低聚糖。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的婴儿配方,其中所述婴儿配方包含约0.5mg/mL至约1mg/mL的所述至少一种人乳低聚糖。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的婴儿配方,其中所述PUFA作为游离脂肪酸、以甘油三酯形式、以甘油二酯形式、以单甘油酯形式、以磷脂形式或作为其混合物存在于所述婴儿配方中。
5.如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的婴儿配方,其中所述婴儿配方包含至少约20mg/L的PUFA。
6.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的婴儿配方,其中所述叶黄素为至少50%的反式叶黄素。
7.如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的婴儿配方,其中所述婴儿配方还包含碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪中的至少一种。
8.如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的婴儿配方,其中所述PUFA DHA和AA来源于鱼油。
9.如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的婴儿配方,其还包含RRR-α-生育酚。
10.一种用于提高婴儿的认知、学习和记忆中的至少一种的方法,所述方法包括向所述婴儿施用包含以下各项的婴儿配方:选自2’-FL和LNnT中的至少一种人乳低聚糖;
PUFA DHA和AA,其中所述AA和所述DHA以1与1.8之间的n-6/n-3比率存在;
至少30mg/L的核苷酸,其中所述核苷酸包括次黄苷酸;以及
至少30μg/L的叶黄素。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述婴儿配方包含约0.001mg/mL与约20mg/mL之间的所述至少一种人乳低聚糖。
12.如权利要求10或11所述的方法,其中所述婴儿配方包含约0.5mg/mL至约1mg/mL的所述至少一种人乳低聚糖。
13.如权利要求10-12中任一项所述的方法,其中所述PUFA作为游离脂肪酸、以甘油三酯形式、以甘油二酯形式、以单甘油酯形式、以磷脂形式或作为其混合物存在于所述婴儿配方中。
14.如权利要求10-13中任一项所述的方法,其中所述婴儿配方包含至少约20mg/L的PUFA。
15.如权利要求10-14中任一项所述的方法,其中所述叶黄素为至少50%的反式叶黄素。
16.如权利要求10-15中任一项所述的方法,其中所述婴儿配方还包含碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪中的至少一种。
17.如权利要求10-16中任一项所述的方法,其中所述PUFA DHA和AA来源于鱼油。
18.如权利要求10-17中任一项所述的方法,其中所述婴儿配方还包含RRR-α-生育酚。
19.一种用于提高个体的认知、学习和记忆中的至少一种的组合物,所述组合物包含:
选自2’-岩藻糖基乳糖(2’-FL)和乳糖-N-新四糖(LNnT)中的至少一种人乳低聚糖;
多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和花生四烯酸(AA),其中所述AA和所述DHA以1与1.8之间的n-6/n-3比率存在;
至少30mg/L的核苷酸,其中所述核苷酸包括次黄苷酸;以及
至少30μg/L的叶黄素。
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US201462084705P | 2014-11-26 | 2014-11-26 | |
US62/084,705 | 2014-11-26 | ||
PCT/US2015/062721 WO2016086157A1 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2015-11-25 | Infant formula comprising human milk oligosaccharides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, nucleotides, and lutein |
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US (1) | US20170367397A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3223825A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN106998774A (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2706963C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2016086157A1 (zh) |
Cited By (2)
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CN111526879A (zh) * | 2017-11-02 | 2020-08-11 | 格礼卡姆股份公司 | 用于减少或预防疲劳和/或改善注意力或专注力的一种或多种hmo |
CN114554872A (zh) * | 2019-10-17 | 2022-05-27 | 雀巢产品有限公司 | 深度水解的婴儿配方食品 |
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EP3629769A1 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2020-04-08 | Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. | Composition comprising human milk oligosaccharides (hmo) for use in the improvement of short term memory and other cognitive benefits |
NL2019436B1 (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-03-07 | Newtricious Bv | Composition comprising a xantophyll and an omega-3 fatty acid and method of use thereof |
CN110074188A (zh) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-02 | 福建农林大学 | 一种添加人乳寡糖的婴幼儿配方奶粉及其制备方法 |
CN110074189A (zh) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-02 | 福建农林大学 | 一种添加人乳寡糖的婴幼儿辅食及其制备方法 |
US11849747B1 (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2023-12-26 | PBM Nutritionals, LLC | Nutritional compositions with MFGM and certain human milk oligosaccharides and uses thereof |
US12005083B1 (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2024-06-11 | PBM Nutritionals, LLC | Nutritional compositions with MFGM and certain human milk oligosaccharides and uses thereof |
WO2021191469A1 (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-30 | Basf Se | Composition for the treatment of gastro-intestinal dysfunction and/or associated morbidities thereto |
WO2023236860A1 (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2023-12-14 | N.V. Nutricia | Lutein for use in inhibiting mast cell degranulation |
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- 2015-11-25 US US15/531,034 patent/US20170367397A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
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EP3223825A1 (en) | 2017-10-04 |
RU2706963C2 (ru) | 2019-11-21 |
RU2017118984A (ru) | 2018-12-26 |
WO2016086157A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
RU2017118984A3 (zh) | 2019-05-13 |
US20170367397A1 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
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