CN106998433A - Related multiple repairing weld method and circuit for wide dynamic range imaging sensor - Google Patents
Related multiple repairing weld method and circuit for wide dynamic range imaging sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106998433A CN106998433A CN201710180040.2A CN201710180040A CN106998433A CN 106998433 A CN106998433 A CN 106998433A CN 201710180040 A CN201710180040 A CN 201710180040A CN 106998433 A CN106998433 A CN 106998433A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/71—Charge-coupled device [CCD] sensors; Charge-transfer registers specially adapted for CCD sensors
- H04N25/75—Circuitry for providing, modifying or processing image signals from the pixel array
Abstract
The related multiple repairing weld method for wide dynamic range imaging sensor of the present invention, this method is as follows：Integral number of times K is determined according to the picture element signal size that pixel output state is exported, the smaller then integral number of times K of picture element signal is bigger；The picture element signal that control integrator exports pixel output state is integrated K times；Result progress analog-to-digital conversion to K integration of picture element signal obtains quantized result data；Quantized result data divided by integral number of times K are obtained to last sampled result data.The present invention is directed to the integral number of times of different size of picture element signal active control integrator, both the multiple integral mean to details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues can have been realized, integral number of times can be reduced in bright field again, can avoided because integrator exports saturation to the influence caused by the effective amplitude of oscillation of pixel output signal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to semiconductor image detection technology field, it is related to a kind of phase for wide dynamic range imaging sensor
Close multiple repairing weld method and circuit.
Background technology
The noise of sensor can be reduced by the technology of related multiple repairing weld.A kind of typical related multiple repairing weld circuit is such as
Shown in Fig. 1 a, including integrator and reading controlling switch S5, wherein integrator is by amplifier AMP1, sampling capacitance C1, feedback electricity
Hold C2 and five switch S0, S1, S2, S3, S4 to constitute；The circuit is resetted by closure switch S0 to C2 and circuit first.
It is then turned off switching S0, closure switch S1 and S3, as shown in Figure 1 b；After signal stabilization on C1, switch S1 and S3 is disconnected, will
Picture element signal is sampled on electric capacity C1.Subsequently closure switch S2 and S4, as illustrated in figure 1 c, electric capacity C2 is transferred to by signal charge
On.Noise on pixel output state, can just be integrated by the phase described by iterative cycles Fig. 1 b and Fig. 1 c, integrate
Closure reads controlling switch S5 and can read integral result after circulation terminates.Because irrelevant noise can be put down after integration
, the equivalent inpnt noise then on Vpix (picture element signal) can be lowered.It has the disadvantage Vpix effective amplitude of oscillation with integration
The increase of number of times and reduce, cause the reduction of the total dynamic range of sensor.
The content of the invention
The invention solves the problems that a technical problem be to provide it is a kind of for wide dynamic range imaging sensor correlation it is many
The secondary method of sampling and circuit, this method can keep the output of pixel constant, the equivalent inpnt noise of pixel be reduced, so as to simultaneously
Realize imaging sensor low noise and wide dynamic range.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the related multiple repairing weld side for wide dynamic range imaging sensor of the invention
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
Step 1: the picture element signal size exported according to pixel output state determines integral number of times K, picture element signal is smaller
Then integral number of times K is bigger；
Step 2: the picture element signal that control integrator exports pixel output state is integrated K times；
Step 3: the result progress analog-to-digital conversion to K integration of picture element signal obtains quantized result data；
Step 4: quantized result data divided by integral number of times K to be obtained to last sampled result data.
A kind of circuit for realizing the above-mentioned related multiple repairing weld method for wide dynamic range imaging sensor, can be with following
Three kinds of technical schemes.
Technical scheme one
A kind of circuit for realizing the above-mentioned related multiple repairing weld method for wide dynamic range imaging sensor, including pixel
Output state, integrator reads controlling switch；Characterized by further comprising the first AD conversion unit, logic control element,
Second AD conversion unit, data processing unit；The pixel output state exports picture element signal to integrator and first
AD conversion unit；Picture element signal is converted to pixel digital signals K by the first AD conversion unit0, logic control element will set
The integral number of times threshold limit value K putmaxWith K0Subtract each other and obtain picture element signal integral number of times K；Then logic control element will integrate secondary
Number K is transferred to data processing unit, while output control signal makes integrator integrate picture element signal K times；Integration is closed after terminating
Close and read controlling switch, K integral result of picture element signal is converted to and exported after quantized result data A by the second AD conversion unit
To data processing unit；Quantized result data A divided by integral number of times K are obtained sampled result data Y by data processing unit.
Technical scheme two
A kind of circuit for realizing the above-mentioned related multiple repairing weld method for wide dynamic range imaging sensor, including pixel
Output state, integrator reads controlling switch；Characterized by further comprising pre- comparator, logic control element, analog-to-digital conversion
Unit, data processing unit；The pixel output state exports picture element signal to integrator and pre- comparator；Pre- comparator
Comparative result data are transferred to logic control element after multiple voltage steps of picture element signal and setting are compared；Logic
Control unit controls integrator to integrate picture element signal K times according to comparative result data, while integral number of times K is transferred into modulus
Converting unit；Closure reads controlling switch after integration terminates, and AD conversion unit is by K integral result amount of being converted to of picture element signal
Exported after changing result data A to data processing unit；Data processing unit obtains quantized result data A divided by integral number of times K
Sampled result data Y.
The pre- comparator sets multiple voltage step V1、V2、……、Vn, pre- comparator is by picture element signal Vpix and voltage
Step V1、V2、……、VnComparative result the data K, picture element signal Vpix that bit wide N-bit is obtained after being compared smaller compare knot
Fruit data K is bigger；Logic control element controls integrator to integrate picture element signal K times according to comparative result data K.
The pre- comparator sets multiple voltage step V1’、V2’、……、Vn’；Pre- comparator by picture element signal Vpix with
Voltage step V1’、V2’、……、Vn' be compared after obtain bit wide N-bit comparative result data K0, picture element signal Vpix gets over
Small comparative result data K0It is smaller；Logic control element is by the bit wide N-bit of setting integral number of times threshold limit value KmaxWith K0Phase
Subtract and obtain picture element signal integral number of times K；Then logic control element output control signal makes integrator accumulate picture element signal Vpix
Divide K times.
Technical scheme three
A kind of circuit for realizing the above-mentioned related multiple repairing weld method for wide dynamic range imaging sensor, including pixel
Output state, integrator reads controlling switch；Characterized by further comprising B AD conversion units, the pre- comparators of B, logic control
Unit processed, AD conversion unit, data processing unit；The pixel output state exports picture element signal to integrator and B
Pre- comparator；Picture element signal Vpix is converted to and the pre- comparators of B is transferred to after data signal by B AD conversion units, the pre- comparators of B
Comparative result data are transferred to logic control element after multiple voltage steps of picture element signal and setting are compared；Logic
Control unit controls integrator to integrate picture element signal K times according to comparative result data, while integral number of times K is transferred into modulus
Converting unit；Closure reads controlling switch after integration terminates, and AD conversion unit is by K integral result amount of being converted to of picture element signal
Exported after changing result data A to data processing unit；Data processing unit obtains quantized result data A divided by integral number of times K
Sampled result data Y.
The pre- comparators of B are digital comparator, and the digital comparator sets multiple voltage step V1、V2、……、Vn；B
Picture element signal Vpix is converted to and the pre- comparators of B is transferred to after data signal by AD conversion unit, then by the pre- comparators of B by its with
Voltage step V1、V2、……、VnThe bit wide N-bit smaller ratio of comparative result data K, picture element signal Vpix is obtained after being compared
It is bigger compared with result data K；Logic control element controls integrator to integrate picture element signal K times according to comparative result data K.
The pre- comparators of B are digital comparator, and the digital comparator sets multiple voltage step V1’、V2’、……、
Vn’；Picture element signal Vpix is converted to and the pre- comparators of B is transferred to after data signal by B AD conversion units, then by the pre- comparators of B
By itself and voltage step V1’、V2’、……、Vn' be compared after obtain bit wide N-bit comparative result data K0, picture element signal
The smaller comparative result data K of Vpix0It is smaller；Logic control element is by the bit wide N-bit of setting integral number of times threshold limit value Kmax
With K0Subtract each other and obtain picture element signal integral number of times K；Then logic control element output control signal makes integrator to picture element signal
Vpix is integrated K times.
Total noise of imaging sensor has following features：When the number of photons for being input to pixel is less, sensor it is total etc.
Effect input noise is determined by the reading circuit noise of pixel, it is therefore desirable to circuit is made an uproar by the noise reduction technology of multiple correlated sampling
Sound is reduced；And when the number of photons for being input to pixel is more, the number of total equivalent inpnt noise of sensor by photon in itself
Amount determines (shot noise of photon), and at this moment the noise of circuit can be ignored, therefore need not related multiple repairing weld circuit
To reduce the noise of reading circuit.The picture element signal size that the present invention is exported according to pixel output state determines integral number of times,
By rationally designing the digit of first, second AD conversion unit, or pre- comparator comparative level and AD conversion unit
Digit can just realize the low noise and wide dynamic range of sensor simultaneously.The circuit is for the special of imaging sensor noise
Mechanism is invented.
The present invention is directed to the integral number of times of different size of picture element signal active control integrator, can both realize to details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues
The multiple integral mean of (output signal of pixel and Vref difference are small), again can (pixel output signal and Vref be poor in bright field
Value is larger) when reduce integral number of times, can avoid because integrator export saturation to the shadow caused by the effective amplitude of oscillation of pixel output signal
Ring.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 a are the structural representations of the related multiple repairing weld circuit of prior art；Fig. 1 b, Fig. 1 c are that prior art is related more
Secondary two operating phase schematic diagrames of sample circuit.
Fig. 2 is the related multiple repairing weld method flow diagram for wide dynamic range imaging sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the signal of the related multiple repairing weld circuit embodiments 1 for wide dynamic range imaging sensor of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 4 is showing for the related multiple repairing weld circuit embodiments 2,3 for wide dynamic range imaging sensor of the present invention
It is intended to.
Fig. 5 is showing for the related multiple repairing weld circuit embodiments 4,5 for wide dynamic range imaging sensor of the present invention
It is intended to.
Embodiment
As shown in Fig. 2 the related multiple repairing weld method for wide dynamic range imaging sensor of the present invention, specifically such as
Under：
Step 1: the picture element signal Vpix sizes exported according to pixel output state determine integral number of times K, picture element signal
The smaller then integral number of times K of Vpix are bigger；
Step 2: the picture element signal Vpix that control integrator exports pixel output state is integrated K times；
Step 3: the result progress analog-to-digital conversion to K integration of picture element signal obtains quantized result data A；
Step 4: quantized result data A divided by integral number of times K to be obtained to last final sampled result data Y.
If integral number of times K bit wide is N-bit, quantized result data A bit wides are M-bit, then after data processing, most
The quantified precision of termination fruit is 1LSB (M-bit ADC minimum quantization step-length) divided by K (K max=2N), therefore minimum quantization is walked
A length of 1LSB/ (2N).ADC range is M-bit, therefore total quantization bit wide is (M+N) bit.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 3, a kind of electricity for realizing the above-mentioned related multiple repairing weld method for wide dynamic range imaging sensor
Road, including pixel output state, integrator, the first AD conversion unit, logic control element read controlling switch S5, the
Two AD conversion units, data processing unit；The pixel output state exports picture element signal Vpix to integrator and
One AD conversion unit；First AD conversion unit is converted to picture element signal Vpix bit wide N-bit pixel digital signals K0,
Then logic control element is by the bit wide N-bit of setting integral number of times threshold limit value KmaxWith K0Subtract each other and obtain picture element signal product
Gradation number K；Then integral number of times K is transferred to data processing unit by logic control element, while output control signal makes integration
Device is integrated K times to picture element signal Vpix；Closure reads controlling switch S5 after integration terminates, and the second AD conversion unit believes pixel
Number K integral result Vout is exported to data processing unit after being converted to M-bit quantized result data A；Data processing unit
Quantized result data A divided by integral number of times K are obtained into sampled result data Y, Y=A/K.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 4, a kind of electricity for realizing the above-mentioned related multiple repairing weld method for wide dynamic range imaging sensor
Road, including pixel output state, integrator, pre- comparator, logic control element read controlling switch S5, analog-to-digital conversion list
Member, data processing unit；The pixel output state exports picture element signal Vpix to integrator and pre- comparator；Compare in advance
Device sets multiple voltage step V1、V2、……、Vn, pre- comparator is by picture element signal Vpix and voltage step V1、V2、……、VnEnter
The smaller comparative result data K of comparative result data K, picture element signal Vpix that row obtains bit wide N-bit more afterwards is bigger；Logic control
Unit processed controls integrator to integrate picture element signal K times according to comparative result data K；Integral number of times K is transferred into modulus to turn
Change unit；Closure reads controlling switch S5 after integration terminates, and AD conversion unit changes K integral result Vout of picture element signal
To be exported after quantized result data A to data processing unit；Data processing unit is by quantized result data A divided by integral number of times K
Obtain sampled result data Y.
Embodiment 3
As shown in figure 4, a kind of electricity for realizing the above-mentioned related multiple repairing weld method for wide dynamic range imaging sensor
Road, including pixel output state, integrator, pre- comparator, logic control element read controlling switch S5, analog-to-digital conversion list
Member, data processing unit；The pixel output state exports picture element signal Vpix to integrator and pre- comparator；Compare in advance
Device sets multiple voltage step V1’、V2’、……、Vn’；Pre- comparator is by picture element signal Vpix and voltage step V1’、
V2’、……、Vn' be compared after obtain bit wide N-bit comparative result data K0, the smaller comparative result numbers of picture element signal Vpix
According to K0It is smaller；Logic control element is by the bit wide N-bit of setting integral number of times threshold limit value KmaxWith K0Subtract each other and obtain pixel letter
Number integral number of times K；Then integral number of times K is transferred to data processing unit by logic control element, while output control signal makes
Integrator is integrated K times to picture element signal Vpix；Closure reads controlling switch S5 after integration terminates, and AD conversion unit believes pixel
Number K integral result Vout is exported to data processing unit after being converted to M-bit quantized result data A；Data processing unit
Quantized result data A divided by integral number of times K are obtained into sampled result data Y, Y=A/K.
Embodiment 4
As shown in figure 5, a kind of electricity for realizing the above-mentioned related multiple repairing weld method for wide dynamic range imaging sensor
Road, including pixel output state, integrator, B AD conversion units, the pre- comparators of B, logic control element read control and opened
Close S5, AD conversion unit, data processing unit；The pixel output state picture element signal Vpix is exported to integrator and
B AD conversion units；The pre- comparators of B use digital comparator, and the digital comparator sets multiple voltage step V1、V2、……、
Vn；Picture element signal Vpix is converted to and the pre- comparators of B is transferred to after data signal by B AD conversion units, then will by the pre- comparators of B
Itself and voltage step V1、V2、……、VnBe compared obtain bit wide N-bit comparative result data K, picture element signal Vpix it is smaller
Comparative result data K is bigger；Logic control element controls integrator to integrate picture element signal K times according to comparative result data K,
Integral number of times K is transferred to AD conversion unit simultaneously；Closure reads controlling switch S5 after integration terminates, and AD conversion unit will
K integral result Vout of picture element signal is exported to data processing unit after being converted to quantized result data A；Data processing unit will
Quantized result data A divided by integral number of times K obtain sampled result data Y.
Embodiment 5
As shown in figure 5, a kind of electricity for realizing the above-mentioned related multiple repairing weld method for wide dynamic range imaging sensor
Road, including pixel output state, integrator, B AD conversion units, the pre- comparators of B, logic control element read control and opened
Close S5, AD conversion unit, data processing unit；The pixel output state picture element signal Vpix is exported to integrator and
B AD conversion units；The pre- comparators of B use digital comparator, and the digital comparator sets multiple voltage step V1’、
V2’、……、Vn’；B AD conversion units, which are converted to picture element signal Vpix, is transferred to the pre- comparators of B after data signal, then by B
Pre- comparator is by itself and voltage step V1’、V2’、……、Vn' it is compared the comparative result data K for obtaining bit wide N-bit0, as
The plain smaller comparative result data K of signal Vpix0Also it is smaller；Logic control element by the bit wide N-bit of setting integral number of times most
Big limit value KmaxWith K0Subtract each other and obtain picture element signal integral number of times K；Then integral number of times K is transferred to data by logic control element
Processing unit, while output control signal makes integrator integrate picture element signal Vpix K times；Closure reads control after integration terminates
S5 is switched, AD conversion unit is exported after K integral result Vout of picture element signal to be converted to M-bit quantized result data A
To data processing unit；Quantized result data A divided by integral number of times K are obtained sampled result data Y, Y=by data processing unit
A/K。
Claims (8)
1. a kind of related multiple repairing weld method for wide dynamic range imaging sensor, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
Step 1: the picture element signal size exported according to pixel output state determines integral number of times K, picture element signal is smaller, accumulates
Gradation number K is bigger；
Step 2: the picture element signal that control integrator exports pixel output state is integrated K times；
Step 3: the result progress analog-to-digital conversion to K integration of picture element signal obtains quantized result data；
Step 4: quantized result data divided by integral number of times K to be obtained to last sampled result data.
2. a kind of electricity for realizing the related multiple repairing weld method as claimed in claim 1 for wide dynamic range imaging sensor
Road, including pixel output state, integrator read controlling switch；Characterized by further comprising the first AD conversion unit, patrol
Collect control unit, the second AD conversion unit, data processing unit；The pixel output state exports picture element signal to product
Divide device and the first AD conversion unit；Picture element signal is converted to pixel digital signals K by the first AD conversion unit0, logic control
Unit processed is by the integral number of times threshold limit value K of settingmaxWith K0Subtract each other and obtain picture element signal integral number of times K；Then logic control list
Integral number of times K is transferred to data processing unit by member, while output control signal makes integrator integrate picture element signal K times；Product
Closure after terminating is divided to read controlling switch, K integral result of picture element signal is converted to quantized result by the second AD conversion unit
Exported after data A to data processing unit；Quantized result data A divided by integral number of times K are obtained sampling knot by data processing unit
Fruit data Y.
3. a kind of electricity for realizing the related multiple repairing weld method as claimed in claim 1 for wide dynamic range imaging sensor
Road, including pixel output state, integrator read controlling switch；Characterized by further comprising pre- comparator, logic control list
Member, AD conversion unit, data processing unit；Picture element signal is exported to integrator and compared in advance by the pixel output state
Device；Comparative result data are transferred to logic control by pre- comparator after multiple voltage steps of picture element signal and setting are compared
Unit processed；Logic control element controls integrator to integrate picture element signal K times according to comparative result data, while by integral number of times
K is transferred to AD conversion unit；Closure reads controlling switch after integration terminates, and AD conversion unit integrates picture element signal for K times
As a result exported after being converted to quantized result data A to data processing unit；Data processing unit is by quantized result data A divided by product
Gradation number K obtains sampled result data Y.
4. the related multiple repairing weld circuit according to claim 3 for wide dynamic range imaging sensor, its feature exists
In the pre- comparator, multiple voltage step V are set1、V2、……、Vn, pre- comparator is by picture element signal Vpix and voltage step
V1、V2、……、VnThe bit wide N-bit smaller comparative result number of comparative result data K, picture element signal Vpix is obtained after being compared
It is bigger according to K；Logic control element controls integrator to integrate picture element signal K times according to comparative result data K.
5. the related multiple repairing weld circuit according to claim 3 for wide dynamic range imaging sensor, its feature exists
In the pre- comparator, multiple voltage step V are set1’、V2’、……、Vn’；Pre- comparator is by picture element signal Vpix and voltage platform
Rank V1’、V2’、……、Vn' be compared after obtain bit wide N-bit comparative result data K0, the smaller comparisons of picture element signal Vpix
Result data K0It is smaller；Logic control element is by the bit wide N-bit of setting integral number of times threshold limit value KmaxWith K0Subtract each other and obtain
Picture element signal integral number of times K；Then logic control element output control signal makes integrator integrate picture element signal Vpix K times.
6. a kind of electricity for realizing the related multiple repairing weld method as claimed in claim 1 for wide dynamic range imaging sensor
Road, including pixel output state, integrator read controlling switch；Characterized by further comprising B AD conversion units, B compares in advance
Compared with device, logic control element, AD conversion unit, data processing unit；The pixel output state exports picture element signal
To integrator and the pre- comparators of B；B AD conversion units, which are converted to picture element signal Vpix, to be transferred to B and compares in advance after data signal
Comparative result data are transferred to logic by device, the pre- comparators of B after multiple voltage steps of picture element signal and setting are compared
Control unit；Logic control element controls integrator to integrate picture element signal K times according to comparative result data, while will integration
Number K is transferred to AD conversion unit；Closure reads controlling switch after integration terminates, and AD conversion unit is by K product of picture element signal
Point result is exported to data processing unit after being converted to quantized result data A；Data processing unit by quantized result data A divided by
Integral number of times K obtains sampled result data Y.
7. the related multiple repairing weld circuit according to claim 6 for wide dynamic range imaging sensor, its feature exists
It is digital comparator in the pre- comparators of the B, the digital comparator sets multiple voltage step V1、V2、……、Vn；B moduluses turn
Change unit and be converted to picture element signal Vpix and the pre- comparators of B are transferred to after data signal, then by the pre- comparators of B by itself and voltage platform
Rank V1、V2、……、VnThe bit wide N-bit smaller comparative result of comparative result data K, picture element signal Vpix is obtained after being compared
Data K is bigger；Logic control element controls integrator to integrate picture element signal K times according to comparative result data K.
8. the related multiple repairing weld circuit according to claim 6 for wide dynamic range imaging sensor, its feature exists
It is digital comparator in the pre- comparators of the B, the digital comparator sets multiple voltage step V1’、V2’、……、Vn’；B moduluses
Picture element signal Vpix is converted to and the pre- comparators of B is transferred to after data signal by converting unit, then by the pre- comparators of B by itself and voltage
Step V1’、V2’、……、Vn' be compared after obtain bit wide N-bit comparative result data K0, the smaller ratios of picture element signal Vpix
Compared with result data K0It is smaller；Logic control element is by the bit wide N-bit of setting integral number of times threshold limit value KmaxWith K0Subtract each other
To picture element signal integral number of times K；Then logic control element output control signal makes integrator integrate K to picture element signal Vpix
It is secondary.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021138838A1 (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2021-07-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | Image reading circuit, image sensor and terminal device |
| CN114636494A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-06-17 | 上海艾为微电子技术有限公司 | Sensing device, sensing detection method thereof and electronic equipment |
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| JP2013098598A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-20 | Konica Minolta Advanced Layers Inc | Imaging apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2013098598A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-20 | Konica Minolta Advanced Layers Inc | Imaging apparatus |
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| SUNGHO SUH等: "《Column-Parallel Correlated Multiple Sampling Circuits for CMOS Image Sensors and Their Noise Reduction Effects》", 《SENSORS》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021138838A1 (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2021-07-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | Image reading circuit, image sensor and terminal device |
| CN114982222A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2022-08-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Image reading circuit, image sensor and terminal equipment |
| CN114636494A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-06-17 | 上海艾为微电子技术有限公司 | Sensing device, sensing detection method thereof and electronic equipment |
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Application publication date: 20170801 |