CN106996318B - 用于热气体路径构件的冷却补块 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本申请提供了一种用于与燃气涡轮发动机(10)的热气体路径构件(110)一起使用的冷却补块(10)。冷却补块(100)可包括具有延伸穿过其的一定数量的冷却通道(140)的基层(120),以及定位在基层(120)上的覆盖层(130)。基层(120)和覆盖层(130)可包括预烧结的预形件材料。
Description
技术领域
本申请及所得专利大体上涉及燃气涡轮发动机,并且更具体地涉及用于涡轮热气体路径构件等的增强冷却的冷却补块。
背景技术
在燃气涡轮发动机中,热燃烧气体大体上沿热气体路径从燃烧器流动穿过过渡件到涡轮中以产生有用功。由于较高温度的燃烧流大体上导致燃气涡轮发动机的性能、效率和总体功率输出的提高,故经受较高温度的燃烧流的构件必须冷却,以允许燃气涡轮发动机在此类升高温度下操作而不损坏或缩短寿命。类似地,局部过热或热点还可产生其中的高热应力。
例如,应当冷却的热气体路径构件为燃烧器衬套。具体而言,由燃烧器内的燃料/空气混合物的燃烧引起的高温流引导穿过燃烧器衬套。燃烧器衬套的下游部分可连接于燃烧器的其它构件,如过渡件等,并且因此可不暴露于可冷却其余构件的各种空气流。此类冷却缺乏可引起上文所述的损坏、失效或寿命缩短。
因此,存在对用于与热气体路径构件等一起使用的改进的冷却装置和方法的期望。此类改进的装置和方法可按需要应用于局部热点和/或别处。此类改进的装置和方法可提供冷却,而不影响总体系统功率输出和效率。
发明内容
本申请及所得专利因此提供了一种用于与燃气涡轮发动机的热气体路径构件一起使用的冷却补块。冷却补块可包括具有延伸穿过其的一定数量的冷却通道的基层,以及定位在基层上的覆盖层。基层和覆盖层可包括预烧结的预形件材料。
本申请及所得专利还提供了一种将附加冷却供应至热气体路径构件的方法。该方法可包括以下步骤:使冷却补块与热气体路径构件上的一定数量的冷却孔对准,将冷却补块附接于热气体路径构件,热处理就位的冷却补块,通过冷却补块提供空气流以冷却热气体路径构件,以及使空气流动穿过热气体路径构件上的一定数量的冷却孔。
本申请及所得专利还提供了一种用于与燃气涡轮发动机一起使用的热气体路径构件。热气体路径构件可包括从冷侧表面到热侧表面延伸穿过其的一定数量的冷却孔,以及邻近冷却孔定位在冷侧表面上的冷却补块。冷却补块可包括一定数量的冷却通道,使得空气流穿过冷却通道并且穿过冷却孔以提供冷却。
技术方案1. 一种用于与燃气涡轮发动机的热气体路径构件一起使用的冷却补块,包括:
基层;
沿所述基层延伸的多个冷却通道;以及
定位在所述基层上的覆盖层;
其中所述基层和所述覆盖层包括预烧结的预形件材料。
技术方案2. 根据技术方案1所述的冷却补块,其特征在于,所述预烧结的预形件材料包括高熔点合金粉末、低熔点合金粉末,以及粘合剂。
技术方案3. 根据技术方案1所述的冷却补块,其特征在于,所述基层包括邻近所述多个冷却通道的入口。
技术方案4. 根据技术方案1所述的冷却补块,其特征在于,所述热气体路径构件包括穿过其的多个热气体路径构件孔,并且其中所述基层包括与所述多个热气体路径构件孔和所述多个冷却通道对准的多个出口孔。
技术方案5. 根据技术方案1所述的冷却补块,其特征在于,所述多个冷却通道包括大约0.05到0.08英寸(大约1.27到2.03毫米)的宽度,以及大约一到三英寸(大约2.54到7.62厘米)的长度。
技术方案6. 根据技术方案1所述的冷却补块,其特征在于,所述覆盖层包括大致实心板。
技术方案7. 根据技术方案1所述的冷却补块,其特征在于,所述覆盖层包括所述多个冷却通道的顶面。
技术方案8. 根据技术方案1所述的冷却补块,其特征在于,所述覆盖层包括其一个端部处的过滤器。
技术方案9. 根据技术方案1所述的冷却补块,其特征在于,所述冷却补块与压缩机排放温度下的空气流连通。
技术方案10. 一种向热气体路径构件提供附加冷却的方法,包括:
使冷却补块与所述热气体路径构件上的一定数量的冷却孔对准;
将所述冷却补块附接于所述热气体路径构件;
热处理就位的所述冷却补块;
通过所述冷却补块提供空气流以冷却所述热气体路径构件;以及
使所述空气流动穿过所述热气体路径构件上的所述一定数量的冷却孔。
技术方案11. 根据技术方案10所述的方法,其特征在于,将所述冷却补块附接于所述热气体路径构件的步骤包括将所述冷却补块焊接于所述热气体路径构件。
技术方案12. 根据技术方案10所述的方法,其特征在于,将所述冷却补块附接于所述热气体路径构件的步骤包括沿与所述热气体路径构件内的气体流大致垂直的方向附接所述冷却补块。
技术方案13. 根据技术方案10所述的方法,其特征在于,热处理就位的所述冷却补块的步骤包括热处理预烧结的预形件材料。
技术方案14. 根据技术方案10所述的方法,其特征在于,通过所述冷却补块提供空气流以冷却所述热气体路径构件的步骤包括提供压缩机排放温度下的空气流。
技术方案15. 根据技术方案10所述的方法,其特征在于,使所述空气流动穿过所述热气体路径构件上的所述一定数量的冷却孔的步骤包括使所述空气流动穿过所述一定数量的冷却孔以提供膜冷却。
技术方案16. 一种用于与燃气涡轮发动机一起使用的热气体路径构件,包括:
多个冷却孔,其从冷侧表面到热侧表面延伸穿过所述热气体路径构件;以及
冷却补块,其邻近所述多个冷却孔定位在所述冷侧表面上;
所述冷却补块包括多个冷却通道,使得空气流穿过所述多个冷却通道并且穿过所述多个冷却孔。
技术方案17. 根据技术方案16所述的热气体路径构件,其特征在于,所述冷却补块包括预烧结的预形件材料。
技术方案18. 根据技术方案17所述的热气体路径构件,其特征在于,所述预烧结的预形件材料包括高熔点合金粉末、低熔点合金粉末,以及粘合剂。
技术方案19. 根据技术方案16所述的热气体路径构件,其特征在于,所述冷却补块包括具有所述多个冷却通道的基层,以及定位在所述基层上的覆盖层。
技术方案20. 根据技术方案16所述的热气体路径构件,其特征在于,所述冷却补块包括其一个端部处的过滤器。
在审阅连同若干附图进行时的以下详细描述和所附权利要求时,本申请及所得专利的这些及其它的特征和改进将对本领域技术人员而言变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1为示出压缩机、燃烧器、涡轮和负载的燃气涡轮发动机的示意图。
图2为可与图1的燃气涡轮发动机一起使用的燃烧器的示意图。
图3为如可在本文中所述的定位在热气体路径构件上的冷却补块的示意图。
图4为定位在热气体路径构件上的图3的冷却补块的基层的平面视图。
部件列表
10 燃气涡轮发动机
15 压缩机
20 空气
25 燃烧器
30 燃料
35 燃烧气体
40 涡轮
45 轴
50 负载
55 盖板
60 燃料喷嘴
65 衬套
70 流动套筒
75 流动路径
80 入口
85 燃烧室
90 过渡件
100 冷却补块
110 热气体路径构件
120 基层
130 覆盖层
140 冷却通道
150 入口
160 出口孔
170 膜孔
180 过滤器。
具体实施方式
现在参照附图,其中相似的标记表示若干视图各处的相似元件,图1示出了如可在本文中使用的燃气涡轮发动机10的示意图。燃气涡轮发动机10可包括压缩机15。压缩机15压缩空气20的进入流。压缩机15将空气20的压缩流输送至燃烧器25。燃烧器25使空气20的压缩流与燃料30的加压流混合,并且点燃混合物以产生燃烧气体流35。尽管仅示出了单个燃烧器25,但燃气涡轮发动机10可包括任何数量的燃烧器25。燃烧气体流35继而输送至涡轮40。燃烧气体流35驱动涡轮40以便产生机械功。涡轮40中产生的机械功经由轴45驱动压缩机15,以及外部负载50如发电机等。
燃气涡轮发动机10可使用天然气、各种类型的合成气、液体燃料,和/或其它类型的燃料以及它们的混合物。燃气涡轮发动机10可为由General Electric公司(Schenectady, New York)提供的一定数量的不同燃气涡轮发动机中的任一种,包括但不限于诸如7或9系列重载燃气涡轮发动机等的那些。燃气涡轮发动机10可具有许多不同构造,并且可使用其它类型的构件。其它类型的燃气涡轮发动机也可在本文中使用。多个燃气涡轮发动机、其它类型的涡轮以及其它类型的发电装备也可在本文中一起使用。
图2示出了可与燃气涡轮发动机10等一起使用的燃烧器25的实例。大体上描述了燃烧器25可包括其上游端部处的盖板55。盖板55可至少部分地支承其中的一定数量的燃料喷嘴60。可在本文中使用任何数量或类型的燃料喷嘴60。盖板55提供用于空气流20和燃料流30至燃料喷嘴60的通路。燃料喷嘴60可朝燃烧器盖63延伸。
燃烧器25可包括设置在流动套筒70内的燃烧器衬套65。衬套65和流动套筒70的布置可为大致同心的,并且可限定其间的环形流动路径75。流动套筒70可包括穿过其的一定数量的流动套筒入口80。流动套筒入口80可提供用于来自压缩机15的流动空气20的至少一部分的通路。流动套筒70可以以入口80的图案或其它图案穿孔。燃烧器盖63和燃烧器衬套65可限定燃烧室85,用于空气流20和燃料流30在燃料喷嘴60下游的燃烧。燃烧器25的后端部可包括过渡件90。过渡件90可定位成邻近涡轮40,并且可将燃烧气体流35引导至其。本文中所述的燃烧器25仅出于实例的目的。许多其它类型的燃烧器和燃烧器构件可为已知的。
图3和4示出了如可在本文中所述的冷却补块100的实例。冷却补块100可具有任何适合的尺寸、形状或构造。冷却补块100可与热气体路径构件110等一起使用。热气体路径构件110可类似于如上文所述的燃烧器盖63、燃烧器衬套65和/或过渡件90,以及其它类型的构件。具体而言,需要或可受益于附加冷却的任何类型的构件110可在本文中使用。
冷却补块100可包括基层120和覆盖层130。基层120和覆盖层130可具有任何适合的尺寸、形状或构造。层120,130可由预烧结的预形件("PSP")材料制成。预烧结的预形件材料可包括高熔点合金粉末、低熔点合金粉末和粘合剂的混合物。高熔点合金粉末的实例包括但不限于结构合金和环境涂层,如Inconel 738、Rene 142、MAR-M247、GT-33等。低熔点合金粉末的实例包括但不限于硬钎焊合金,如D15, DF4B, BNI-9, BNi-5, B93等。高熔点合金粉末与低熔点合金粉末的比例可变化。其它类型的熔点和比例可在本文中使用。其它类型的材料和材料的组合也可在本文中使用。
冷却补块100的基层120可具有形成在其中的一定数量的冷却通道140。任何数量的冷却通道140可在本文中以任何适合的尺寸、形状或构造使用。冷却通道140可从基层120的一个端部处的入口150延伸至在另一端部处穿过基层120的一定数量的出口孔160。冷却通道140可沿热气体路径构件110或其它构件的热侧表面垂直于主流动路径延伸。在该实例中,冷却通道140可具有大约0.065英寸(大约1.65毫米)左右的宽度,但可在从大约0.05到0.08英寸(大约1.27到2.03毫米)左右的宽度范围内。冷却通道140可具有大约一到三英寸(大约2.54到7.62厘米)左右的长度。其它适合的大小可在本文中使用。任何数量的出口孔160可在本文中以任何适合的尺寸、形状或构造使用。出口孔160可与绕着热气体路径构件110定位的一定数量的膜孔170或其它类型的孔口对准。其它构件和其它构造可在本文中使用。
冷却补块100的覆盖层130可为大致实心板。覆盖层130可限定基层120的冷却通道140的顶面。覆盖层130可大约从基层120的入口150且完全或部分地沿基层120的长度延伸。覆盖层130可包括绕着基层120的入口150定位的过滤器180。过滤器180可具有任何适合的尺寸、形状或构造,并且可由任何适合类型的过滤材料制造。其它构件和其它构造可在本文中使用。
在使用中,冷却补块100可附接于与需要或受益于附加冷却的过热区或其它区域相对的热气体路径构件110的冷侧表面。冷却补块100可点焊或以其它方式附接于热气体路径构件110的冷侧表面。基层120的出口孔160可与延伸穿过热气体构件110的膜孔170对准。冷却补块100可在适当位置热处理,以便将预烧结的预形件材料粘结于热气体路径构件110。
来自压缩机15或别处的空气流20的一部分可朝冷却补块100引导。与外部冷却或另外调节的相对,空气流20可在常规压缩机排放温度下。空气流20进入到冷却补块100中穿过过滤器180且到冷却通道140中。穿过冷却通道140的空气流20增强后侧热传递,以便改进总体冷却效力。空气流20接着可经由出口孔160和膜孔170引导到热气体路径中,以向热气体路径构件110的热侧表面提供膜冷却等。
因此,穿过冷却补块100的该空气流通过降低局部温度和沿其的热传递系数来提供膜冷却和改进的热传递。过滤器180的使用防止碎屑约束到冷却通道140中的流。热气体路径构件110的冷侧表面与热侧表面之间的压差驱动空气流穿过冷却通道140且到膜孔170中。冷却通道140的有限长度有助于以可用的压降保持冷却效力和操作。因此,本文中所述的冷却补块100可用于延长现有的热气体路径构件和/或最初的装备的部分的使用寿命。冷却补块100可在任何时间添加。此外,任何数量的冷却补块100可在本文中使用。
将显而易见的是,前文仅涉及本申请和所得专利的某些实施例。许多变化和改型可由本领域技术人员在本文中作出,而不脱离如由以下权利要求及其等同物限定的本发明的大体精神和范围。
Claims (15)
1.一种用于与燃气涡轮发动机(10)的热气体路径构件(110)一起使用的冷却补块(100),包括:
基层(120);
沿所述基层(120)延伸的多个冷却通道(140);以及
定位在所述基层(120)上的覆盖层(130);
其中所述基层(120)和所述覆盖层(130)包括预烧结的预形件材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的冷却补块(100),其特征在于,所述预烧结的预形件材料包括高熔点合金粉末、低熔点合金粉末,以及粘合剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的冷却补块(100),其特征在于,所述基层(120)包括邻近所述多个冷却通道(140)的入口(150)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的冷却补块(100),其特征在于,所述热气体路径构件(110)包括穿过其的多个热气体路径构件孔(170),并且其中所述基层(120)包括与所述多个热气体路径构件孔(170)和所述多个冷却通道(140)对准的多个出口孔(160)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的冷却补块(100),其特征在于,所述多个冷却通道(140)包括大约0.05到0.08英寸(大约1.27到2.03毫米)的宽度,以及大约一到三英寸(大约2.54到7.62厘米)的长度。
6.根据权利要求1所述的冷却补块(100),其特征在于,所述覆盖层(130)包括大致实心板。
7.根据权利要求1所述的冷却补块(100),其特征在于,所述覆盖层(130)包括所述多个冷却通道(140)的顶面。
8.根据权利要求1所述的冷却补块(100),其特征在于,所述覆盖层(130)包括其一个端部处的过滤器(180)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的冷却补块(100),其特征在于,所述冷却补块(100)与压缩机排放温度下的空气流连通。
10.一种向热气体路径构件(110)提供附加冷却的方法,包括:
使冷却补块(100)与所述热气体路径构件(110)上的一定数量的冷却孔(170)对准;
将所述冷却补块(100)附接于所述热气体路径构件(110);
热处理就位的所述冷却补块(100);
通过所述冷却补块(100)提供空气流以冷却所述热气体路径构件(110);以及
使所述空气流动穿过所述热气体路径构件(110)上的所述一定数量的冷却孔(170)。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,将所述冷却补块(100)附接于所述热气体路径构件(110)的步骤包括将所述冷却补块(100)焊接于所述热气体路径构件(110)。
12.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,将所述冷却补块(100)附接于所述热气体路径构件(110)的步骤包括沿与所述热气体路径构件(110)内的气体流大致垂直的方向附接所述冷却补块(100)。
13.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,热处理就位的所述冷却补块(100)的步骤包括热处理预烧结的预形件材料。
14.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,通过所述冷却补块(100)提供空气流以冷却所述热气体路径构件(110)的步骤包括提供压缩机排放温度下的空气流。
15.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,使所述空气流动穿过所述热气体路径构件(110)上的所述一定数量的冷却孔(170)的步骤包括使所述空气流动穿过所述一定数量的冷却孔(170)以提供膜冷却。
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EP3232007A1 (en) | 2017-10-18 |
JP2017082793A (ja) | 2017-05-18 |
US10520193B2 (en) | 2019-12-31 |
CN106996318A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
JP6937559B2 (ja) | 2021-09-22 |
US20170122562A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
EP3232007B1 (en) | 2022-04-27 |
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