CN106995353A - A kind of method that utilization stalk black wood charcoal slows down South Red Soil Region soil aluminium poison - Google Patents
A kind of method that utilization stalk black wood charcoal slows down South Red Soil Region soil aluminium poison Download PDFInfo
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- CN106995353A CN106995353A CN201710255799.2A CN201710255799A CN106995353A CN 106995353 A CN106995353 A CN 106995353A CN 201710255799 A CN201710255799 A CN 201710255799A CN 106995353 A CN106995353 A CN 106995353A
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- stalk
- wood charcoal
- soil
- black wood
- slows down
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method that utilization stalk black wood charcoal slows down South Red Soil Region soil aluminium poison, comprises the following steps：Step 1：Stalk is dried, the stalk after drying is crushed, the standby stalk of predetermined length is obtained；Step 2：The stalk obtained in step 1 is placed in anaerobic environment and carries out charing process, black wood charcoal is obtained；Step 3：The black wood charcoal obtained in step 2 is applied into soil according to predetermined mass ratio；The black wood charcoal that the present invention is prepared using stalk can reduce soil aluminium poison, improve the pH of acid soil, and can improve soil organic matter there is provided the nutrient needed for plant, promote the growth of crop, while the recycling of stalk can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, particularly a kind of recycling to stalk and its slowing down soil aluminium poison,
Improve the application in crop yield.
Background technology
Red soil is the most important land resource of south China, occupies weight in China's agricultural and the sustainable development of socio-economy
Want status and effect.But, due to the unreasonable development of red soil resources, adding South Red Soil Region high temperature and rainy for a long time
Natural conditions, red soil occurs being acidified and causes the activation of soil aluminium, produces murder by poisoning.Industrial expansion causes SO2And nitrogen oxides
Largely discharged Deng sour gas, acid deposition takes place frequently, slightly solubility aluminium in soil is dissolved in washing away under dipping for acidic fluid, and
With free state Al3++ enter the soil liquid, the activated aluminum in rhizospheric environment is constantly accumulated.Meanwhile, the unreasonable of chemical fertilizer is applied
Break the original material balance of soil and circulation with the administration of especially physiological acidic fertilizer, cause degree of base saturation to reduce,
Acid ion is largely accumulated.Early stage report points out that the aluminium of micro-molar concentration just can destroy plant root tip structure, suppresses stretching for root system
Long and influence Root Absorption function-great harm is produced to the high yield and bumper harvests of crops.How to mitigate the malicious obstacle of aluminium, improve this
The problem of pH in one area is a urgent need to resolve.Acid soil can be improved in locality, production practices using lime.Because
The input of lime can significantly alleviate soil acidity, but chronic administration easily causes soil hardening, microbial diversity to decline again
The problems such as.In addition, a large amount of limings can also increase agriculture production cost, the mineral resources of consumption preciousness.
As large agricultural country, all kinds of straw biological amounts of the annual agricultural production of China are very considerable, about more than 700,000,000 ton.
The mode of existing stalk processing is mainly open incineration and direct returning to farmland.It is tight that the mode of Open Burning Crop Residue produces a large amount of dense smokes
Atmosphere quality is endangered again, while CO, CO for being produced in burning process2And SO2Deng pernicious gas, health is had a strong impact on.
Open incineration can not accomplish the recycling to stalk, can not meet the demand of Green Development.The mode of straw directly returning to field
The pollution problem of burning process appearance can be reduced, and stalk can improve soil organism level as organic fertilizer, promote agriculture
Plant growth.But, direct returning to farmland easily brings harmful germ and worm's ovum, causes edaphon to pollute, and triggers pest and disease damage,
Influence the growth of crops.In view of the above-mentioned problems, reasonable, the efficient farmland stalk utilization ways of research are to realize sustainable agriculture
Important topic.
Black wood charcoal be biological residuum under complete or partial anaerobic condition, the class infusibility that is produced through Pintsch process, stably, it is rich
Material containing carbon and height aromatization.Now there are some researches show black wood charcoal, which is added in soil, can not only improve soil pH, CEC, increasing
Plus soil nutrient, improvement soil texture and microbial diversity, and carbon base in soil can be increased, the discharge of greenhouse gases is reduced,
It is a kind of selection of doulbe-sides' victory.Thus, black wood charcoal more and more draws attention, and is widely applied in actual production.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of method that utilization stalk black wood charcoal slows down soil aluminium poison.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the method that a kind of utilization stalk black wood charcoal of the invention slows down aluminium poison comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Stalk is dried, the stalk after drying is crushed, the standby stalk of predetermined length is obtained；
Step 2：The stalk obtained in step 1 is placed in anaerobic environment and carries out charing process, black wood charcoal is obtained；
Step 3：The black wood charcoal obtained in step 2 is applied into soil according to predetermined mass ratio.
Further, the length range of the standby stalk is 0.1-2cm.
Further, in the step 2, charing process is carried out to the stalk that step 1 is obtained, the specific method of black wood charcoal is obtained
For：Carbonized stalk to be put into Muffle furnace to burn in a nitrogen environment, then cool down obtaining black wood charcoal；
Wherein, the heating rate of carbonization process is 5-10 DEG C/min, and carbonization temperature is 400 DEG C, and carbonization time is 4h.
Further, the mass ratio of black wood charcoal and soil is 1：100.
Further, in addition to the black wood charcoal after cooling sieving processing is carried out, obtains predetermined section's purpose black wood charcoal.
Further, the stalk is one kind or any in rice straw, maize straw, peanut straw or soybean stalk
Several mixing.
The black wood charcoal that the present invention is prepared using stalk can reduce soil aluminium poison, improve the pH of acid soil, and can carry
High soil organic matter promotes the growth of crop, while the recycling of stalk can be realized there is provided the nutrient needed for plant.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is black wood charcoal using the influence to Corn Biomass in Different Soil；
Fig. 2 is Corn Biomass and interchangeability Al3+Graph of a relation.
Embodiment
With reference to Figure of description, the present invention will be further described.
It is the acid soil that Different parent materials are developed for examination soil, specific sampled point and soil types are as shown in table 1.Table 2
For each physicochemical property for examination soil.
The method that the present invention slows down soil aluminium poison, is dried to stalk first, and the stalk after drying is crushed, obtained
The standby stalk of 0.1-2cm length；Again stalk is put into Muffle furnace to burn in a nitrogen environment and carbonized, then carry out cooling down
To black wood charcoal；Black wood charcoal is applied into soil according to predetermined mass ratio again.
Wherein, the heating rate of carbonization process is 5-10 DEG C/min, and carbonization temperature is 400 DEG C, and carbonization time is 4h.
Specific experiment with black wood charcoal be by rice straw dry after be ground into<2cm sizes, the anaerobism in 400 DEG C of Muffle furnaces
The 4h that burns is obtained.Experiment design control (CK), paddy rice black wood charcoal (BC), fertilising (NPK) and paddy rice black wood charcoal+fertilising (BC+NPK) 4 altogether
Individual processing, each 4 repetitions of processing.
The 2kg soil sieved and the 20g black wood charcoal prepared are sufficiently mixed, by unit weight 1.2g cm-3It is filled into plastic tub.
The sowing amount of fertilizer is with N：P2O5：K2O=0.15g kg-1：0.10g kg-1：0.15g kg-1Calculate and apply, its corresponding fertilizer
Respectively ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4), calcium superphosphate (Ca (H2PO4)2) and potassium chloride (KCl).Fertilizer is made base manure and once applied.It is beautiful
The vernalization indoors of rice seed in program request basin, after emerging, leaves growing way optimal two days later.Corn growing season irrigates one sooner or later daily
It is secondary, ensure that water content is the 60% of field capacity after pouring water every time with weight method.
After pot experiment 46d, the overground part and underground part of corn are collected respectively, determine biomass.Meanwhile, soil is gathered,
Air-dry, crush and cross 2mm sieves.Every kind of soil takes a small amount of sample analysis interchangeability Al3+, pH, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and CEC.
Table 3 is as can be seen that compared with the control, stalk black wood charcoal significantly reduces soil interchangeability Al3+, improve soil
pH.The administration of chemical fertilizer result in the acidifying of soil and the intensification of aluminium poison, the matching somebody with somebody to apply of stalk black wood charcoal can effectively slow down chemical fertilizer and causes
Acidification phenomenon.In addition, stalk black wood charcoal can originate as material improves the available nutrient level of soil, promote plant growth.
The effect of increasing production of black wood charcoal becomes apparent from low fertility soil.
The administration of stalk black wood charcoal significantly improves soil environment and fertility level promotes corn overground part and underground part
Growth.The change of Corn Biomass and interchangeability Al after being added to black wood charcoal3+Change be turned into correlation analysis find both exist
Fabulous negative correlativing relation.This explanation black wood charcoal is to the agronomy effect of crop mainly due to the malicious reduction of soil aluminium.
The present invention can realize the recycling of stalk.Black wood charcoal prepared by stalk can reduce soil aluminium poison, improve
The pH of acid soil, and soil organic matter can be improved there is provided the nutrient needed for plant, promote the growth of crop
Result above shows, can effectively reduce soil aluminium poison using black wood charcoal made from stalk, improve soil pH, Jin Erti
High crop yield.This not only realizes the recycling to stalk, and provides new method to solve the malicious problem of soil aluminium.
The soil sampling point of table 1., matrix, soil taxonomy and Land-Use
The physiochemical properties of soil of table 2.
Soil interchangeability Al under the different disposal of table 3.3+, pH, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and CEC
More than, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is any to be familiar with sheet
Those skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in should all be covered
Within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain that protection scope of the present invention should be defined by claim is defined.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method that utilization stalk black wood charcoal slows down South Red Soil Region soil aluminium poison, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Stalk is dried, the stalk after drying is crushed, the standby stalk of predetermined length is obtained；
Step 2：The stalk obtained in step 1 is placed in anaerobic environment and carries out charing process, black wood charcoal is obtained；
Step 3：The black wood charcoal obtained in step 2 is applied into soil according to predetermined mass ratio.
2. the method that a kind of utilization stalk black wood charcoal according to claim 1 slows down South Red Soil Region soil aluminium poison, it is special
Levy and be：The length range of the standby stalk is 0.1-2cm.
3. the method that a kind of utilization stalk black wood charcoal according to claim 1 slows down South Red Soil Region soil aluminium poison, it is special
Levy and be, in the step 2, charing process is carried out to the stalk that step 1 is obtained, the specific method for obtaining black wood charcoal is：Will be standby
Stalk is put into Muffle furnace burns charing in a nitrogen environment, then cool down obtaining black wood charcoal；
Wherein, the heating rate of carbonization process is 5-10 DEG C/min, and carbonization temperature is 400 DEG C, and carbonization time is 4h.
4. the method that a kind of utilization stalk black wood charcoal according to claim 1 slows down South Red Soil Region soil aluminium poison, it is special
Levy and be：The mass ratio of black wood charcoal and soil is 1：100.
5. the method that a kind of utilization stalk black wood charcoal according to claim 3 slows down South Red Soil Region soil aluminium poison, it is special
Levy and be, in addition to sieving processing is carried out to the black wood charcoal after cooling, obtain predetermined section's purpose black wood charcoal.
6. the method that a kind of utilization stalk black wood charcoal according to claim 1 slows down South Red Soil Region soil aluminium poison, it is special
Levy and be：The stalk is one kind in rice straw, maize straw, peanut straw or soybean stalk or any several mixing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710255799.2A CN106995353A (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2017-04-18 | A kind of method that utilization stalk black wood charcoal slows down South Red Soil Region soil aluminium poison |
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| CN201710255799.2A CN106995353A (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2017-04-18 | A kind of method that utilization stalk black wood charcoal slows down South Red Soil Region soil aluminium poison |
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| CN106995353A true CN106995353A (en) | 2017-08-01 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109089809A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-12-28 | 西南大学 | A method of bamboo beans are planted using charcoal |
Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103323574A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-09-25 | 上海交通大学 | Method for improvement of acid soil through use of rice husk charcoal |
| CN106083462A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-09 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | The method improving dryland soil fertility |
| CN106348945A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-25 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Composite acid vega soil conditioner and application method thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-04-18 CN CN201710255799.2A patent/CN106995353A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103323574A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-09-25 | 上海交通大学 | Method for improvement of acid soil through use of rice husk charcoal |
| CN106083462A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-09 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | The method improving dryland soil fertility |
| CN106348945A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-25 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Composite acid vega soil conditioner and application method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 应介官，等: "生物炭对铝富集酸性土壤的毒性缓解效应及潜在机制", 《中国农业科学》 * |
| 秸秆及生物质炭对砖红壤酸度及交换性能的影响: "秸秆及生物质炭对砖红壤酸度及交换性能的影响", 《土壤》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109089809A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-12-28 | 西南大学 | A method of bamboo beans are planted using charcoal |
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Application publication date: 20170801 |
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