CN106993508B - Peach tree seed selection method - Google Patents
Peach tree seed selection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106993508B CN106993508B CN201710326510.1A CN201710326510A CN106993508B CN 106993508 B CN106993508 B CN 106993508B CN 201710326510 A CN201710326510 A CN 201710326510A CN 106993508 B CN106993508 B CN 106993508B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N4/00—Machines for stoning fruit or removing seed-containing sections from fruit, characterised by their stoning or removing device
- A23N4/02—Machines for stoning fruit or removing seed-containing sections from fruit, characterised by their stoning or removing device for stoning fruit
- A23N4/04—Machines for stoning fruit or removing seed-containing sections from fruit, characterised by their stoning or removing device for stoning fruit for peaches, plums, apricots or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/04—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size
- B07B13/065—Apparatus for grading or sorting using divergent conveyor belts or cables
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of planting, in particular to a seed selection method. Selecting seeds of peach trees by using a seed selection device, wherein the seed selection device comprises a first conveyor belt, a second conveyor belt, a separation cylinder and a collection cylinder, the first conveyor belt is provided with screening holes, and the separation cylinder is arranged on the second conveyor belt; the separating cylinder comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, a through hole and an opening are formed in the inner cylinder, an outlet is formed in the outer cylinder, a baffle is arranged outside the inner cylinder and connected to the inner cylinder, and an electromagnet is fixed on the inner cylinder; the outer cylinder is connected with the first conveyor belt, and a rotating motor is fixed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; the outer cylinder is communicated with the collecting cylinder, the collecting cylinder is provided with a piston and a control switch, the control switch can turn on and off the electromagnet, the collecting cylinder is provided with a discharge hole, and a discharge switch is arranged outside the discharge hole; a fine variety collecting groove, a minor variety collecting groove and a pulp collecting groove are arranged below the second conveying belt, and the method further comprises the following steps: 1) cleaning 2) selecting seeds 3) planting 4) repeatedly selecting seeds. The scheme can continuously optimize the peach tree according to the local environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of planting, in particular to a seed selection method.
Background
The peaches are rich in various nutrient substances such as pectin, potassium, iron, carbohydrate, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin B and the like, have various effects of preventing constipation, preventing and treating anemia, enhancing intestinal functions, protecting the liver, improving immunity and the like, and are popular with consumers. The peach trees are widely distributed in China, but peaches bearing different areas are also greatly different.
At present, the common method is to graft excellent peach branches to shorten the growth time of peach trees and improve the taste of peaches. Grafting is one of the artificial vegetative propagation methods of plants, that is, grafting the branch or bud of one plant to the stem or root of another plant, so that the two parts which are connected together can grow into a complete plant. The grafting method is divided into a branch grafting method and a bud grafting method. The scion should be tightly bound to the cambium of the rootstock during grafting to ensure survival of the scion. The grafted branch or bud, called scion, and the grafted plant body, called rootstock or table wood. When in scion, seedlings with 2 to 4 buds are generally selected and become the upper part or the top of a plant body after grafting; the stock is grafted to become the root part of the plant. The grafting can not only keep the excellent character of the scion variety, but also utilize the favorable characteristic of the stock.
Chinese patent application No. CN201410836135.1 published on 22.4.2015 discloses a peach grafting seedling raising planting method. The method comprises the following steps: s1, stock tree preparation: before grafting, irrigating the stock with fertilizer for 1-3 days; sawing off the stock tree of the wild peach tree at a position of 0.8-1.1m on the ground to ensure that the diameter of the stock tree is 15-20 cm; flattening the sawn wound surface at the height of 70-80cm from the ground according to the branching condition and angle, and longitudinally cutting the center of the wound surface of the stock tree; s2, flattening scions: shearing the development branches and the long fruit branches at the middle and upper parts of the periphery of the crown of the adult edible peach tree stock plant with strong growth, high yield and good quality and the middle fruit branches with 2-year branch sections, selecting plump buds with small medulla and without damage of diseases and insects, collecting the branch grafting scions 20-30 days before germination or after leaf dropping in the first autumn, placing the collected branches in a ground kiln with the temperature of 0-5 ℃ or a shade place, storing the branches and the scions in wet sand with the relative humidity of 70 percent at most not exceeding 8 ℃, taking out the scions before grafting, shearing the scions, keeping the length of the scions about 20cm, and soaking the scions in clear water for 3-6 hours after the shearing section to ensure that the scions fully absorb water; s3, bud embedding: then inserting the cut scions into the cuts of the rootstocks; s4, wrapping film: wrapping a multipurpose polyethylene film; the method comprises the steps of firstly, completely covering the saw cut with a wide single-layer film, holding the cut to prevent the scion from moving up and down and left and right, then, tightly binding the film along the periphery of the cut to prevent water from losing between the cut and the saw surface, and after the scion is healed, exposing the bud and bursting the film.
However, the grafting method can only optimize the peach trees once and cannot improve the peach trees repeatedly, so that the quality of the peach trees is continuously improved. Secondly, the peach trees are widely distributed in China, the taste, the size and the like of the bearing peaches are seriously influenced by regions, the region limitation cannot be broken through the grafting, when the peach trees in different regions are used for grafting, the survival rate is low, and the quality of the grafted peaches which are contacted with the peach trees after grafting cannot be compared with that of mother plants.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a peach tree seed selection method capable of continuously optimizing according to a local environment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a peach tree seed selection method adopts a seed selection device to select seeds of peach trees, the seed selection device comprises a first conveyor belt, a second conveyor belt, a separation cylinder and a collection cylinder, the first conveyor belt is provided with screening holes for fruits to pass through, the second conveyor belt is arranged below the first conveyor belt, and the separation cylinder is arranged on the second conveyor belt; the separating cylinder comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder arranged outside the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder is provided with a through hole for discharging pulp and an opening for discharging kernels, the outer cylinder is provided with an outlet for discharging kernels, a blocking piece capable of closing the opening is arranged outside the inner cylinder, the blocking piece is rotatably connected to the inner cylinder through a torsional spring, and an electromagnet capable of adsorbing the blocking piece to close the opening is fixed on the inner cylinder; the outer cylinder is rotationally connected with the first conveyor belt, and a rotating motor for driving the inner cylinder to rotate is fixed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; the outer cylinder is communicated with the collecting cylinder, a piston which is in sliding connection with the collecting cylinder and a control switch which can be triggered by the piston are arranged in the collecting cylinder, the control switch can turn on and off the electromagnet, a discharge hole is also formed in the collecting cylinder, and a discharge switch is arranged outside the discharge hole; a good seed collecting tank, a bad seed collecting tank and a pulp collecting tank are sequentially arranged below the second conveying belt, a turnover mechanism for turning over the outer cylinder is arranged on the bad seed collecting tank, and a first bulge capable of opening a discharge switch is arranged on the pulp collecting tank;
the seed selection step comprises:
1) cleaning: cleaning picked fruits and removing cleaning liquid on the surfaces of the fruits;
2) seed selection: using a seed selection device, sequentially placing the fruits processed in the step 1) in screening holes in a first conveyor belt, and feeding the fruits with the sizes meeting the standard into the seed selection device by using the first conveyor belt to obtain qualified seeds in an improved seed collecting tank, unqualified seeds in an inferior seed collecting tank and jam in a pulp collecting tank;
3) planting: accelerating germination of the qualified seeds in the improved seed collecting tank, removing hard shells on the surfaces of the kernels before accelerating germination, starting sowing until the sprouts sprout, and burying the sprouts into soil during sowing;
4) and (3) repeatedly selecting seeds: repeating the steps 1) to 3) on fruits produced on fruit trees grown from qualified seeds.
The size of the screening holes in the first conveyor belt in the seed selection device is adjusted according to the types of fruits, and the fruits which can be left on the first conveyor belt are all larger in the same types of fruits. When carrying out the seed selection, pluck the fruit and pluck the back, wash earlier, wash away the inedible impurity such as dust, fine hair on fruit surface, dry again, then place the fruit that dries in the air in the screening hole of first conveyer belt, the through-hole of screening hole for running through first conveyer belt, the fruit that the size is less than the screening hole this moment falls from the screening hole promptly, the fruit that the size is greater than the screening hole can stop on first conveyer belt, so carry out the first selection this moment, eliminate little fruit. The fruit that the size accords with the standard moves along with first conveyer belt, and until moving to second conveyer belt upside, the fruit falls down from first conveyer belt, falls into the inner tube of the knockout drum that the second conveyer belt is connected, and the inner tube is in rotatory state all the time, and the separation blade is adsorbed to the electro-magnet, and the opening is sealed by the separation blade. The fruit falling into the inner cylinder is acted by centrifugal force, the pulp falls off from the kernel, the fallen pulp passes through the through hole of the inner cylinder and enters into the space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the outer cylinder is communicated with the collecting cylinder, so the pulp enters into the collecting cylinder. The pulp entering the collecting barrel pushes the piston upwards, under the condition that the pulp is enough, the piston moves upwards to trigger the control switch, the electromagnet is closed, the blocking piece rotates under the action of the torsion spring, the opening is opened, the kernels sequentially pass through the opening and the outlet and finally fall out of the outer barrel and fall into the improved seed collecting tank, and the kernels falling out at the moment are qualified seeds. The quantity of the fruit flesh is small, namely, the fruit stone is large and the fruit flesh is small, the separated fruit flesh is not enough to push the piston to touch the control switch, and the fruit stone cannot fall into the improved variety collecting tank. The kernels move together with the second conveying belt in the inner barrel, until the kernels move to the upper side of the inferior seed collecting tank, the outer barrel is overturned by the overturning mechanism arranged on the inferior seed collecting tank, the inner barrel in the outer barrel is also overturned, the kernels in the inner barrel are poured out and fall into the inferior seed collecting tank, and the kernels falling out at the moment are unqualified seeds. The second conveyor belt continues to move until the second conveyor belt moves to the upper side of the pulp collecting tank, the first bulge arranged on the pulp collecting tank opens the discharge switch, and pulp in the collecting cylinder falls into the pulp collecting tank, so that the pulp cannot be wasted. And finally, the selected qualified seeds are kernels falling into the improved variety collecting tank, and the fruits corresponding to the kernels are large and fleshy, so that the fruits born by the fruit trees grown from the seeds are as large and fleshy.
After the qualified seeds are selected, the seeds are planted, and when the grown fruit trees bear fruits again, the seeds are selected by using the seed selection device, so that the fruit trees can be continuously optimized.
The beneficial effect of this scheme is: the seed selection device is used for seed selection, large fruits can be selected through the screening holes, kernels with large fruit pulp can be selected while the kernels and the fruit pulp are separated, so that the kernels containing genes of large fruits and large meat fall into the improved seed collecting tank, errors of manual judgment can be eliminated through mechanical seed selection, the standard is unified, and the workload of workers can be reduced.
And secondly, the pulp subjected to seed selection treatment by the seed selection device can be reused, so that the economic loss caused by seed selection is reduced.
And (III) fruit trees which do not adapt to the local environment produce small fruits or less fruit pulp, so that the seeds which do not adapt to the local environment can be excluded by taking the two indexes as screening conditions, and the seeds which are suitable for the local environment are selected.
And (IV) stable inheritance of excellent genes of the peach trees can be ensured by directly selecting seeds, and the excellent genes are accumulated under the condition of continuous seed selection, so that the planted peach trees are more suitable for local environment.
The screening holes can also play a limiting role in the fruits meeting the standard, so that the fruits can be prevented from rolling on the first conveying belt in a mess, and the fruits can be ensured to fall into the inner barrel one by one.
Preferably, as a further improvement to the basic solution, the turnover mechanism includes a turnover gear fixed to an outer wall of the outer cylinder, a drive gear fixed to the inferior seed collecting tank and engaged with the turnover gear, and a motor fixed to the inferior seed collecting tank and used for driving the drive gear. The driving gear is positioned above the inferior seed collecting tank, when the collecting barrel moves to the inferior seed collecting tank, the driving gear is meshed with the overturning gear, the overturning gear rotates to drive the outer barrel and the inner barrel to overturn together, and the kernels in the inner barrel fall out. When the overturning gear is not meshed with the driving gear, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are restored to the original positions, so that the overturning of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder does not need additional switch control, the structure can be simplified, qualified kernels and unqualified kernels can be separated, and the next operation is facilitated. After the kernels in the inner barrel are poured out, the separating barrel can separate the kernels and the pulp again, so that continuous work can be realized.
In a second preferred embodiment, as a further improvement of the first preferred embodiment, the turnover mechanism includes two turnover units symmetrical along a center line in a vertical direction of the outer cylinder, and a turnover gear and a driving gear form one turnover unit. Both sides all are equipped with the upset gear, and when overturning, urceolus both sides atress is even, so can not take place to incline, perhaps the unable circumstances of overturning.
Preferably, as a further improvement of the basic solution, the outer cylinder is communicated with the collecting cylinder through a corrugated pipe. The bellows can be stretched so that the bellows is not easily broken.
Preferably, in a third aspect of the present invention, the bellows is disposed at the bottom of the collecting cylinder. At the moment, pulp directly enters the collecting cylinder from the bottom of the collecting cylinder and then pushes the piston upwards, so that the situation that the corrugated pipe is blocked by the piston after the corrugated pipe is arranged on the side wall of the collecting cylinder, and the pulp cannot enter the collecting cylinder is avoided.
In a fifth preferred embodiment, as a further improvement of any one of the second and fourth preferred embodiments, a closed space is formed between the inner cylinder and the bottom of the outer cylinder, and the rotating electric machine is fixed in the closed space. After the rotating motor is arranged in the closed space, the pulp flowing out of the through hole of the inner cylinder cannot contact with the rotating motor, so that the pulp can be prevented from being polluted by stains on the motor.
Preferably, in a sixth aspect, as a further improvement to the fifth aspect, the collecting cylinder is fixed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder, and the bottom height of the collecting cylinder is lower than that of the collecting cylinder. In this case, a fixing device for fixing the collecting cylinder is not required to be additionally arranged on the second conveying belt, so that the structure can be simplified; and the height of the collecting cylinder is lower than that of the bottom of the outer cylinder, and due to the principle of the communicating vessel, the pulp entering between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder can completely enter the collecting cylinder.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a seed selecting apparatus in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the separation cartridge of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a sectional view of the separation cylinder in example 2.
Detailed Description
The reference signs are: the device comprises a first conveyor belt 1, a second conveyor belt 2, a fixing ring 21, a good seed collecting tank 3, a bad seed collecting tank 4, a mounting seat 41, a motor 42, a driving gear 43, a pulp collecting tank 5, a first protrusion 51, a separating cylinder 6, an inner cylinder 61, an outer cylinder 62, a rotating shaft 63, a turnover gear 64, an outer gear ring 65, an outlet 66, a through hole 67, a rotating motor 68, an inner gear ring 69, a collecting cylinder 7, a discharging switch 71, a control switch 72, a piston 73 and a corrugated pipe 74.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the peach tree seed selection method, a seed selection device is used for selecting seeds of peach trees, the seed selection device is sequentially provided with a first conveyor belt 1 and a second conveyor belt 2 from left to right, and the first conveyor belt 1 is positioned above the second conveyor belt 2. The first conveyor belt 1 is provided with screening holes, the screening holes penetrate through the first conveyor belt 1, and the diameter of each screening hole is 8 cm; the side surface of the second conveyor belt 2 is rotatably connected with a separating cylinder 6. The separating cylinder 6 comprises an inner cylinder 61 and an outer cylinder 62 arranged outside the inner cylinder 61, rotating shafts 63 perpendicular to the side wall of the outer cylinder 62 are welded on the left side and the right side of the upper end of the outer cylinder 62, a fixing ring 21 for the rotating shafts 63 to penetrate through is welded on the second conveyor belt 2, and overturning gears 64 are welded at the end parts of the rotating shafts 63. The diameter of inner tube 61 is less than urceolus 62 diameter, the welding of urceolus 62 upper end has the first retaining ring that the opening is less than inner tube 61 diameter and is located first retaining ring below, the welding has the second retaining ring that removes about restriction inner tube 61, the outer outside arch of following in urceolus 62 upper end, the welding has outer ring gear 65 on the inner tube 61 lateral wall, it is provided with a plurality of through-holes 67 to run through on the inner tube 61 lateral wall, be equipped with the opening that is used for discharging the fruit core on the lower extreme lateral wall, the opening is equipped with the separation blade outward, the separation blade left end passes through the torsional spring and is connected. The outer wall of the bottom of the inner cylinder 61 is welded with a rotating shaft, the inner wall of the bottom of the outer cylinder 62 is provided with a groove for the rotating shaft 63 to extend into, and the inner cylinder 61 is rotatably connected with the outer cylinder 62. A rotary motor 68 is fixed by bolts in a space formed between the outer cylinder 62 and the inner cylinder 61, and a gear is connected to an output shaft of the rotary motor 68 and meshed with the outer ring gear 65. An outlet 66 for discharging the kernels is arranged on the side wall of the lower end of the outer cylinder 62. The bottom of the outer cylinder 62 is connected with a corrugated pipe 74, one end of the corrugated pipe 74 penetrates through the side wall of the bottom of the outer cylinder 62 and is communicated with the space between the outer cylinder 62 and the inner cylinder 61, the other end of the corrugated pipe 74 is connected with a collecting cylinder 7, the collecting cylinder 7 is welded on the outer side wall of the outer cylinder 62, and the corrugated pipe 74 penetrates through the side wall of the bottom of the collecting cylinder 7. A piston 73 is connected in the collecting cylinder 7 in a sliding manner, a control switch 72 capable of closing the electromagnet is arranged on the side wall of the collecting cylinder 7 on the upper side of the piston 73, and the electromagnet is closed when the piston 73 presses the control switch 72. The side wall of the collecting barrel 7 on the lower side of the piston 73 is provided with a discharge pipe, the end part of the discharge pipe is provided with a discharge baffle, the discharge baffle is fixed on the discharge pipe through a torsion spring, and the discharge baffle and the torsion spring form a discharge switch 71.
An improved seed collecting tank 3, a minor seed collecting tank 4 and a pulp collecting tank 5 are sequentially arranged below the second conveying belt 2. The side wall of the inferior seed collecting tank 4 is welded with a T-shaped mounting seat 41, a motor 42 is fixed on the mounting seat 41 through bolts, a driving gear 43 is welded on an output shaft of the motor 42, the output shaft is arranged in parallel with the ground, and the output shaft penetrates through the driving gear 43 and then is rotatably connected to the T-shaped mounting seat 41. The side wall of the pulp collecting groove 5 is welded with a first bulge 51, and the first bulge 51 can open a discharge switch 71.
The seed selection step comprises:
1) cleaning: washing picked fruits with water, washing off dust and fluff on the surfaces of the fruits, and then drying the water on the surfaces of the fruits in the air;
2) seed selection: using a seed selection device, sequentially placing the fruits processed in the step 1) in a screening hole, discharging unqualified fruits from the screening hole, feeding the qualified fruits into the seed selection device along with a first conveyor belt 1, performing seed selection again, finally, allowing the qualified kernels to fall into an improved seed collecting tank 3, allowing the unqualified kernels to fall into a poor seed collecting tank 4, and allowing the pulp to fall into a pulp collecting tank 5;
3) planting: removing the hard shell of the qualified fruit stone, and then accelerating germination until the bud is buried in the soil when the bud sprouts;
4) and (3) repeatedly selecting seeds: and (3) repeating the steps 1) to 3) on the fruits grown on the qualified plants.
After the fruit is placed in the screening hole, the fruit that the size is less than the screening hole size drops from the screening hole, and the fruit that the size is greater than the screening hole size stops in the screening hole, moves right along with first conveyer belt 1, and until moving to first conveyer belt 1 right-hand member, falls down from first conveyer belt 1 one by one again, falls into in inner tube 61. The pulp entering the collecting cylinder 7 pushes the piston 73 upwards, when the pulp is enough, the piston 73 moves upwards to trigger the control switch 72, the electromagnet is closed, the blocking piece rotates greatly under the action of the torsion spring, the opening is opened, the fruit stones fall out of the outer cylinder 62 through the opening and the outlet 66 and fall into the improved seed collecting tank 3, and the fruit stones are qualified seeds. If the quantity of the fruit flesh is small, namely the fruit core is large and the fruit flesh is small, the separated fruit flesh is not enough to push the piston 73 to touch the control switch 72, and the fruit core cannot fall into the improved variety collecting tank 3. The kernel moves along with second conveyer belt 2 in inner tube 61, when moving inferior kind collecting vat 4 top, the tilting mechanism that sets up on the inferior kind collecting vat 4 makes urceolus 62 take place to overturn, and the inner tube 61 that is located the urceolus 62 equally takes place to overturn, and the kernel in the inner tube 61 is poured, falls into inferior kind collecting vat 4 in, then the kernel is unqualified seed. The second conveyor belt 2 continues to move until it reaches the upper side of the pulp collection tank 5, the first protrusion 51 provided on the pulp collection tank 5 turns on the discharge switch 71, and the pulp in the collection tank 7 falls into the pulp collection tank 5, so that the pulp is not wasted. The finally selected qualified seeds are the fruit stones falling into the improved variety collecting tank 3, and the fruits corresponding to the fruit stones are all large and fleshy, so that the fruit trees grown from the seeds have the same large and fleshy fruits.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the difference from embodiment 1 is that the inner cylinder 61 is H-shaped, a closed cavity is formed between the inner cylinder 61 and the bottom of the outer cylinder 62, the rotating electrical machine 68 is arranged in the closed cavity, an inner gear ring 69 is welded on the side wall of the lower end of the inner cylinder 61, a gear is welded on the shaft end of the output shaft of the electrical machine 42, and the gear is engaged with the inner gear ring 69. The bellows 74 is connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder 62 at the periphery of the sealed space. The height of the bottom of the collecting cylinder 7 is lower than that of the bottom of the outer cylinder 62.
At this time, the pulp enters the space between the inner cylinder 61 and the outer cylinder 62, and then directly enters the collecting cylinder 7 without contacting the motor 42, so that the pulp can be prevented from being contaminated. Since the height of the bottom of the collecting cylinder 7 is lower than the height of the bottom of the outer cylinder 62, the pulp can also flow completely into the collecting cylinder when the discharge switch is not turned on.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various changes and modifications without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these should be construed as the scope of protection of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The techniques, shapes, and structural parts, which are omitted from the description of the present invention, are all known techniques.
Claims (7)
1. The peach tree seed selection method is characterized in that a seed selection device is adopted to select seeds of peach trees, the seed selection device comprises a first conveyor belt, a second conveyor belt, a separation cylinder and a collection cylinder, screening holes are formed in the first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt is arranged below the first conveyor belt, and the separation cylinder is arranged on the second conveyor belt; the separating cylinder comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder arranged outside the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder is provided with a through hole for discharging pulp and an opening for discharging kernels, the outer cylinder is provided with an outlet for discharging kernels, a blocking piece capable of closing the opening is arranged outside the inner cylinder, the blocking piece is rotatably connected to the inner cylinder through a torsion spring, and an electromagnet capable of adsorbing the blocking piece to close the opening is fixed on the inner cylinder; the outer cylinder is rotationally connected with the first conveyor belt, and a rotating motor for driving the inner cylinder to rotate is fixed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; the collecting cylinder is internally provided with a piston which is in sliding connection with the collecting cylinder and a control switch which can be triggered by the piston, the control switch can turn on and off the electromagnet, the collecting cylinder is also provided with a discharge hole, and a discharge switch is arranged outside the discharge hole; a fine seed collecting tank, a minor seed collecting tank and a pulp collecting tank are sequentially arranged below the second conveying belt, a turnover mechanism for turning over the outer cylinder is arranged on the minor seed collecting tank, and a first bulge capable of opening a discharge switch is arranged on the pulp collecting tank;
the seed selection step comprises:
1) cleaning: cleaning picked fruits and removing cleaning liquid on the surfaces of the fruits;
2) seed selection: using a seed selection device, sequentially placing the fruits processed in the step 1) in screening holes in a first conveyor belt, and feeding the fruits with the sizes meeting the standard into the seed selection device by using the first conveyor belt to obtain qualified seeds in an improved seed collecting tank, unqualified seeds in an inferior seed collecting tank and jam in a pulp collecting tank;
3) planting: accelerating germination of the qualified seeds in the improved seed collecting tank, removing hard shells on the surfaces of the kernels before accelerating germination, starting sowing until the sprouts sprout, and burying the sprouts into soil during sowing;
4) and (3) repeatedly selecting seeds: repeating the steps 1) to 3) on fruits produced on fruit trees grown from qualified seeds.
2. A peach tree seed selection method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the turnover mechanism comprises a turnover gear fixed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder, a driving gear fixed on the inferior seed collecting tank and engaged with the turnover gear, and a motor fixed on the inferior seed collecting tank and used for driving the driving gear.
3. A peach tree seed selection method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the turning mechanism comprises two turning units which are symmetrical along the center line of the vertical direction of the outer cylinder, and one turning gear and one driving gear constitute one turning unit.
4. A peach tree planting method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer drum is connected to the collection drum through a bellows.
5. A peach tree seed selection method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the bellows is arranged at the bottom of the collection cylinder.
6. A peach tree seed selection method as claimed in any one of claims 3 and 5, wherein the inner drum and the bottom of the outer drum form a closed space, and the rotating motor is fixed in the closed space.
7. A peach tree seed selection method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the collection cylinder is fixed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder, and the bottom height of the collection cylinder is lower than that of the outer cylinder.
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| US5234375A (en) * | 1989-08-22 | 1993-08-10 | Hendriks Wilhelmus N J | Mushroom harvesting equipment |
| DK77791A (en) * | 1991-04-29 | 1992-10-30 | Toni Keil | trios |
| JP2007301545A (en) * | 2006-05-10 | 2007-11-22 | Gana Engineering:Kk | Chestnut sorting apparatus |
| CN201823713U (en) * | 2010-09-26 | 2011-05-11 | 石河子大学 | Differential belt type red date grading machine |
| CN204746878U (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-11-11 | 高炳河 | Navel orange area leaf sorting unit |
| CN105165417A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-23 | 天津学香果蔬有限公司 | Seed selection and cultivation method for novel-variety Jinliu early-red peach tree |
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