CN106992725A - The position detecting circuit and method of motor - Google Patents
The position detecting circuit and method of motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106992725A CN106992725A CN201610037649.XA CN201610037649A CN106992725A CN 106992725 A CN106992725 A CN 106992725A CN 201610037649 A CN201610037649 A CN 201610037649A CN 106992725 A CN106992725 A CN 106992725A
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- operational amplifier
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
- H02P6/18—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of position detecting circuit of motor and method.The circuit includes：Operational amplifier and zero-crossing detector, the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier and being connected all the way in the three-phase driving signal of the motor, the reverse input end of the operational amplifier is connected with another road in the three-phase driving signal of the motor, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the input of the zero-crossing detector.The position detecting circuit and method of motor provided in an embodiment of the present invention improve the accuracy of the current location detection to motor.
Description
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to motor control technology field, more particularly to a kind of position detecting circuit of motor
And method.
Background technology
Because position-sensor-free permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine has, assembling is simple, application occasion is wide, can at present
By property height and the low advantage of cost, more and more extensive utilization has been obtained.But due to its application occasion more
Complexity, and program prestart can not directly obtain motor position signal, starting control difficulty is higher, each
Plant the situation for tending to starting failure occur under external interference.For example, in the case where being influenceed by external force,
DC fan prestart is likely to be at positive or counter-rotating state, and its rotating speed also likely to be present larger difference
It is different, controller is accomplished by this case, and shape residing for current blower fan is detected using appropriate method for detecting position
State, just can guarantee that the reliable starting of blower fan.
The problem of in order to solve such, prior art provides a kind of position and Rotating speed measring method.The detection
The PWM ripples that method produces 50% by processor control 3 phase bridge arm, 6 IGBT to turn in order, and will be by electricity
3 phase currents that machine counter electromotive force is produced in 3 phase windings are adopted into controller, then will be detected by software
Current signal carry out threshold process after draw current zero-crossing point region, further obtain motor rotor position and
Rotor speed information.
Counter electromotive force is current generated in IGBT and its institute fly-wheel diode inner loop in parallel in this detection method
During flowing, because the diode of IGBT internal parallels has fixed conduction voltage drop, when counter electromotive force pressure drop is small
When diode turn-on voltage, diode cut-off causes phase current to there is zero current clamping in zero crossing and showed
As.Referring to Fig. 1, one section is had at zero crossing and keeps platform 11 formed by initial value trend.Also, electricity
Machine counter electromotive force is smaller, rotating speed is lower, and this plateau phenomenon is more obvious, plateau time is longer.Meanwhile, 6
Also zero crossing position will be caused during IGBT order switched conductives, and nearby vibration distortion occurs for electric current so that
Zero-crossing examination difficulty increase, accuracy is poor.Moreover, detecting 3 phase currents in an electrical cycle simultaneously
6 at zero crossing, due to there was only for 1/6 cycle between two zero crossings, detection time region is smaller, and by
Zero point platform and the interval influence of zero crossing threshold values, motor speed are higher, and the time zone that can be detected is smaller,
Trueness error is bigger, has a strong impact on the accuracy of the current rotating speed of motor and angle calculation.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the embodiment of the present invention proposes the position detecting circuit and method of a kind of motor,
To improve the accuracy of the current location detection to motor.
In a first aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide a kind of position detecting circuit of motor, the circuit bag
Include：Operational amplifier and zero-crossing detector, the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier and the motor
Connection all the way in three-phase driving signal, the three-phase of the inverting input of the operational amplifier and the motor
Another road connection in drive signal, and the output end of the operational amplifier and the inverting input it
Span is connected to feedback resistance, the operational amplifier be used for by the three-phase driving signal of the motor all the way
Make poor with another road, to obtain reconstruction signal；The output end of the operational amplifier and the zero-crossing examination
The input of device is connected, and the zero detector is used for the phase by detecting the reconstruction signal, judges
The motor work as front steering and current location.
Second aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide a kind of method for detecting position of motor, methods described includes：
It will make poor with another road all the way in the three-phase driving signal of the motor, to obtain reconstruction signal；
By detecting the phase of the reconstruction signal, judge the motor works as front steering and current location.
The position detecting circuit and method of motor provided in an embodiment of the present invention, electricity is calculated using operational amplifier
Difference signal in the three-phase driving signal of machine between any two, and the difference signal is detected as position
Reconstruction signal, then by recognize the reconstruction signal phase determination motor work as front steering and current location,
The zero current clamping phenomenon in existing method for detecting position is avoided, the steering and position inspection of motor is improved
The accuracy of survey.
Brief description of the drawings
By reading the detailed description made to non-limiting example made with reference to the following drawings, the present invention
Other features, objects and advantages will become more apparent upon：
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of zero current clamping phenomenon in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the circuit structure block diagram of the position detecting circuit for the motor that first embodiment of the invention is provided；
Fig. 3 is the signal wave of the reconstruction signal of the position detecting circuit for the motor that first embodiment of the invention is provided
Shape figure；
Fig. 4 is the circuit structure diagram of the position detecting circuit for the motor that second embodiment of the invention is provided；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the method for detecting position for the motor that third embodiment of the invention is provided.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.It is understood that this
The specific embodiment of place description is only used for explaining the present invention, rather than limitation of the invention.Further need exist for
Illustrate, illustrate only part related to the present invention for the ease of description, in accompanying drawing and it is not all in
Hold.
First embodiment
Present embodiments provide a kind of technical scheme of the position detecting circuit of motor.Referring to Fig. 2, in the technology
In scheme, the position detecting circuit of the motor includes：Operational amplifier 21 and zero-crossing detector 22.
In the present invention, the motor refers in particular to permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine.It is understood that direct drive
The signal of the permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine operating is exported by the inverter of the permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine
Three-phase driving signal.Due to generally comprising IGBT elements in inverter, and the conducting of IGBT elements is generally needed
Want certain voltage drop.Therefore, cause each near zero crossing position in the three-phase driving signal
Plateau phenomenon, that is, zero crossing clamper phenomenon will occur.
In the present embodiment, by the same of the signal all the way in the three-phase driving signal and the operational amplifier
Phase input is connected, and by another road signal in the three-phase driving signal and the operational amplifier
Inverting input is connected.Specifically, the signal all the way being connected with the in-phase input end by with it is described
The homophase input resistance R that in-phase input end is in seriesi2The in-phase input end of the operational amplifier is accessed to, and
Another road signal being connected with the inverting input by with the inverting input be in series it is anti-phase defeated
Enter resistance Ri1Access to the inverting input of the operational amplifier.Moreover, the inverting input with it is described
Also bridging has feedback resistance R between the output end of operational amplifierf1.Meanwhile, the normal phase input end also passes through
Grounding resistance Rf2Ground connection.
It is assumed that the feedback resistance Rf1Resistance and the grounding resistance Rf2Resistance it is identical, be Rf,
Also, the homophase input resistance Ri2Resistance and the anti-phase input resistance Ri1Resistance it is also identical, be
R, the then operational amplifier input voltage, namely reconstruction signal uoIt can be represented by formula (1)：
Wherein, ui2It is the voltage signal inputted by the in-phase input end, and ui1It is by the inverting input
The voltage signal of input.
Due to there is the phase of 2 π/3 in the three-phase driving signal between each phase signals and other two phase signals
Potential difference, therefore the voltage signal u either inputted by the in-phase input endi2The zero crossing moment, still have
The voltage signal u of the inverting input inputi1The zero crossing moment, it is impossible in the reconstruction signal
Or the zero crossing moment.That is, the zero crossing moment of the reconstruction signal both can not possibly with by described same
The voltage signal u of phase input inputi2The zero crossing moment it is identical, it is also not possible to there is the inverting input
The voltage signal u of inputi1The zero crossing moment it is identical.Therefore, reconstruction signal is more smooth at zero crossing,
It is not in plateau phenomenon.So, the zero crossing according to reconstruction signal carries out the steering of motor and the inspection of position
Survey, its detection accuracy can be significantly improved relative to prior art.
The zero-crossing detector 22 judges that the motor is current by the phase-detection to the reconstruction signal
Steering and position.
Fig. 3 shows original three-phase driving signal Ia, Ib, Ic and the reconstruction signal Ia-Ib signal wave
Shape.Referring to Fig. 3, the cycle of the reconstruction signal Ia-Ib and the original three-phase driving signal Ia, Ib,
Ic cycle phase is same, and phase is compared to the minuend signal Ia advanced 1/12 in the three-phase driving signal
Cycle.Therefore, the zero-crossing detector 22 can be by detecting continuous two zero passages of the reconstruction signal
Put to judge steering and the position of the motor.
It is preferred that, the zero-crossing detector 22 is continuous by two detecting and recording the reconstruction signal
At the time of zero crossing, and pass through the rotating speed of formula (2) the calculating motor：
Wherein, n is the rotating speed of the motor, and its unit is rev/min.t1To detect continuous two zero passages
The time of first zero crossing, t in point2To detect the time of second zero crossing in continuous two zero crossings.
t1And t2Unit be the second.
Referring to Fig. 3, when original two phase signals for building the reconstruction signal are equal, the third phase letter
Number the absolute value of value should be maximum.The zero-crossing detector 22 is by judging the now third phase
The phase of signal, it is possible to determine that the steering of the motor.
Further, since the original three-phase driving signal relative to the reconstruction signal respectively after T/12,
5T/12 and-T/4, therefore, it can by the rotation of motor currently described in the phase determination that recognizes the reconstruction signal
Indexing is put.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, it is poor by selecting two phase signals to make from three-phase driving signal,
And poor consequential signal will be made as single reconstruction signal, according to the single reconstruction signal identification
The steering of motor and position.In actual applications, the three-phase driving signal can be made to poor two-by-two respectively,
Three-phase reconstruction signal is obtained, steering and the position of the motor are being recognized according to the three-phase reconstruction signal.
Original three-phase driving signal is reconstructed by an operational amplifier for the present embodiment, is overcome straight
The error for recognizing the position detection that the zero crossing of original drive signal is caused is connect, steering and the position of motor is improved
Put the accuracy of detection.
Second embodiment
Present embodiments provide another technical scheme of the position detecting circuit of motor.In the technical scheme,
The position detecting circuit of the motor includes：Operational amplification circuit 41 and zero-crossing examination its 42.
Specifically, referring to Fig. 4, the operational amplification circuit 41 includes the first operational amplifier A 1 and the second fortune
Calculate amplifier A2.The in-phase input end of first operational amplifier A 1 and one in the three-phase driving signal
Connect with signal, and another phase signals in the three-phase driving signal and second operational amplifier A 2
In-phase input end is connected.The output end of first operational amplifier A 1 and second operational amplifier A 2
Inverting input be connected.The inverting input of first operational amplifier A 1 passes through grounding resistance R1
Ground connection.Also, bridging has first between the output end and its inverting input of first operational amplifier A 1
Feedback resistance Rf1.Bridging has second between the output end and its inverting input of second operational amplifier A 2
Feedback resistance Rf2。
By the processing of operational amplification circuit above, its output voltage signal can be provided by formula (3)：
Similarly, since the phase signals u inputted by the in-phase input end of first operational amplifieri1And by institute
State another phase signals u of the in-phase input end input of the second operational amplifieri2It is different with the identical cycle
Phase, the voltage signal u of the operational amplification circuit inputoIn the absence of zero crossing clamper phenomenon.
Original three-phase driving signal is reconstructed by two operational amplifiers for the present embodiment, is overcome straight
The error for recognizing the position detection that the zero crossing of original drive signal is caused is connect, steering and the position of motor is improved
Put the accuracy of detection.
3rd embodiment
Present embodiments provide a kind of technical scheme of the method for detecting position of motor.In the technical scheme,
The method for detecting position of the motor includes：By in the three-phase driving signal of the motor all the way with another road
It is poor to make, to obtain reconstruction signal；By detecting the phase of the reconstruction signal, the current of the motor is judged
Turn to and current location.
Referring to Fig. 5, the method for detecting position of the motor includes：
S51, will make poor, to obtain reconstruction signal with another road all the way in the three-phase driving signal of the motor.
Specifically, by arbitrarily being selected in the three-phase driving signal that is exported from the inverter of permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine
Select two paths of signals and make poor, obtain the reconstruction signal.
S52, by detecting the phase of the reconstruction signal, judge the motor works as front steering and current location.
It is preferred that, by detecting the phase of the reconstruction signal, judge the motor works as front steering and current
Position includes：Detect continuous two zero crossings of the reconstruction signal；By continuous two zero crossings it
Between time interval, calculate the rotating speed of the motor；According to current time and continuous two zero crossings it
Between time relationship, judge the motor work as front steering and current location.
Further, the rotating speed of the motor is calculated according to formula (4)：
Wherein, n is the rotating speed of the motor, t1To detect in continuous two zero crossings first zero crossing
Time, t2To detect the time of second zero crossing in continuous two zero crossings.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, what each embodiment was stressed
All be same or analogous part between the difference with other embodiment, each embodiment mutually referring to
.
It is appreciated that when word " comprising " and/or "comprising" used in this specification, the expression feature,
Operation, the presence of element and/or component, but be not excluded for other one or more features, element, component and/
Or the presence or addition of its combination.Unless otherwise clear and definite regulation or restriction, term " connection " refers to be electrically connected
Connect.Specifically, it can be direct electrical connection or the indirect electrical connection for passing through other elements.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for this area skill
For art personnel, the present invention can have various changes and change.All institutes within spirit and principles of the present invention
Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements of work etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of position detecting circuit of motor, it is characterised in that including：Operational amplifier and zero crossing inspection
Device, the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier and being connected all the way in the three-phase driving signal of the motor are surveyed,
The inverting input of the operational amplifier is connected with another road in the three-phase driving signal of the motor, and
And bridging has feedback resistance, the computing between the output end of the operational amplifier and the inverting input
Amplifier is used to make poor with another road all the way in the three-phase driving signal of the motor, to obtain reconstruct letter
Number；The output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the input of the zero-crossing detector, the zero point
Detector is used for the phase by detecting the reconstruction signal, and judge the motor works as front steering and present bit
Put.
2. circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the three-phase driving signal all the way
Signal is connected by the homophase input resistance connected with the in-phase input end with the in-phase input end.
3. circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that another in the three-phase driving signal
Road signal is connected by the anti-phase input resistance connected with the inverting input with the inverting input.
4. circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the zero-crossing detection circuit passes through inspection
Continuous two zero crossings for surveying the output signal of the output end of the operational amplifier calculate turning for the motor
Speed.
5. circuit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the zero-crossing detection circuit is according to such as
Lower formula calculates the rotating speed of the motor：
Wherein, n is the rotating speed of the motor, t1To detect in continuous two zero crossings first zero crossing
Time, t2To detect the time of second zero crossing in continuous two zero crossings.
6. circuit according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the zero-crossing detection circuit passes through inspection
Survey the phase that the rotating speed judges the output signal, and work as forward according to what the phase judged the motor
To and current location.
7. a kind of method for detecting position of motor, it is characterised in that including：
It will make poor with another road all the way in the three-phase driving signal of the motor, to obtain reconstruction signal；
By detecting the phase of the reconstruction signal, judge the motor works as front steering and current location.
8. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that by the phase for detecting the reconstruction signal
Position, judging the work as front steering and current location of the motor includes：
Detect continuous two zero crossings of the reconstruction signal；
By the time interval between continuous two zero crossings, the rotating speed of the motor is calculated；
According to the time relationship between current time and continuous two zero crossings, working as the motor is judged
Front steering and current location.
9. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that by continuous two zero crossings it
Between time interval, calculating the rotating speed of the motor includes：
The rotating speed of the motor is calculated according to equation below：
Wherein, n is the rotating speed of the motor, t1To detect in continuous two zero crossings first zero crossing
Time, t2To detect the time of second zero crossing in continuous two zero crossings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610037649.XA CN106992725B (en) | 2016-01-20 | 2016-01-20 | Position detection circuit and method for motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610037649.XA CN106992725B (en) | 2016-01-20 | 2016-01-20 | Position detection circuit and method for motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106992725A true CN106992725A (en) | 2017-07-28 |
| CN106992725B CN106992725B (en) | 2024-01-12 |
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| CN201610037649.XA Active CN106992725B (en) | 2016-01-20 | 2016-01-20 | Position detection circuit and method for motor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111525866A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-11 | 儒竞艾默生环境优化技术（上海）有限公司 | Voltage following device and method and variable-frequency drive control loop |
| CN112104272A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-18 | 中船重工(重庆)西南装备研究院有限公司 | Position detection method for brushless direct current motor without position sensor |
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| CN112104272A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-18 | 中船重工(重庆)西南装备研究院有限公司 | Position detection method for brushless direct current motor without position sensor |
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| CN106992725B (en) | 2024-01-12 |
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