CN106984818A - A kind of nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106984818A CN106984818A CN201710110295.1A CN201710110295A CN106984818A CN 106984818 A CN106984818 A CN 106984818A CN 201710110295 A CN201710110295 A CN 201710110295A CN 106984818 A CN106984818 A CN 106984818A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
- B22F3/1125—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers involving a foaming process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
- B22F7/004—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part
- B22F7/006—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part the porous part being obtained by foaming
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/14—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by powder metallurgy, i.e. by processing mixtures of metal powder and fibres or filaments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
- C22C49/06—Aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
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- Composite Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface and preparation method thereof, it is metal faced up and down that there is the nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel of gradient interface to include for this, middle level and sandwich layer up and down, sandwich layer is the foamed aluminium sandwich of layers with gradient interface, middle level is nano material and foamed aluminium composite bed up and down, metal faced up and down is aluminium, aluminium alloy, steel, one kind in titanium and titanium alloy, it is metal faced with middle level up and down up and down, clear interface is not present between foamed core, but gradient interface region, composition and structure continuous transition in the interface zone, nano material and the mechanical strength of foamed aluminium composite strengthening foamed aluminum sandwich plate.Foamed aluminum sandwich plate mechanical strength prepared by the present invention is big, and service life is high, is difficult layering, the problem of surface layer is peeled off when improving foamed aluminum sandwich plate stress, improves the service life of foamed aluminum sandwich plate, and preparation method is simple, and dimensional controllability is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to foamed aluminum sandwich plate field of material technology, and in particular to a kind of nanometer foam with gradient interface
Aluminium composite sandwich panel and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Foamed aluminum sandwich plate is the metal material that various born of the same parents' shape stomatas are formed by solid frame or plane cross structure,
The sandwich layer of foamed aluminum sandwich plate is foamed aluminium or foam aluminium alloy, and panel is metal decking, and wherein foam structure is divided into closed pore
With two kinds of forms of perforate, wherein open-celled structure refers to that inner cell is connected with each other, and each abscess is not closing, and closed configuration is
Abscess inside referring to is separate, and each abscess is closing.Therefore, foamed aluminum sandwich plate has good energy absorption special
Property, impact resistance, high specific strength, electromagnetic shielding, sound absorbing capabilities, high damping, lower thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity etc., in electronics, logical
The fields such as news, chemical industry, metallurgy, machinery, building, transportation, aeronautical and space technology, military protection have before wide application
Scape, but surface layer peeling, and low strength easily occur in stress for foamed aluminum sandwich plate, limit application field.
Disclosed in Chinese patent CN 103935080B in the middle of the one-piece type composite sandwich panel of polymer/foam aluminium, the filled board
For foamed aluminium sandwich layer, upper and lower surface is polymer/foam aluminium composite bed, and upper layer is that straight polymer protects surface layer, is to open
Two of the foamed aluminium board in hole is impregnated in polymer fluid respectively to be solidify to form, and is replaced in composite sandwich panel prepared by this method
It is metal faced, surface layer and core body are turned into an entirety using polymer, without sharp interface, good integrity, but it is mechanical
Intensity declines compared with metal faced, ability to bear reduction.A kind of nano-attapulgite disclosed in Chinese patent CN 103924112B
Native foamed aluminium composite material, after aluminium powder, alumina powder, foaming agent are sufficiently mixed, then mixes with nano-attapulgite, is dried to
Type, high temperature sintering obtains product.The special pore space structure that the product has by nano-attapulgite, improves foamed aluminium material
Enhancing and toughness reinforcing performance, and then improve the mechanical property and endurance quality of foamed aluminium material.It is existing from above-mentioned prior art
Foamed aluminum sandwich plate all at obvious interface, interface structure on two sides is discontinuous with composition, the interface when applying mechanical load
Stress non-homogeneity or stress concentration, easily cause the shearing and tear failure of interfacial detachment or near interface foamed aluminium.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface and
Its preparation method, should nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface include metal faced, middle level and core up and down up and down
Layer, sandwich layer is the foamed aluminium sandwich of layers with gradient interface, and middle level is nano material foamed aluminium composite bed up and down, up and down metal covering
Layer is one kind in aluminium, aluminium alloy, steel, titanium and titanium alloy, and clear boundary is not present in the nanometer foam aluminum of the invention prepared
Composition and structure continuous transition in face, but gradient interface region, the interface zone, and pass through nano titanium oxide Nanowire
Dimension, CNT and micron particles shape SiC nano materials strengthen the mechanical strength of foamed aluminum sandwich plate, therefore prepared by the present invention
Foamed aluminum sandwich plate mechanical strength is big, and service life is high, is difficult layering, and preparation method is simple, and dimensional controllability is high.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface, the nanometer foam aluminium with gradient interface is answered
Co-clip core includes metal faced, middle level and sandwich layer up and down up and down, and the sandwich layer is the foamed aluminium sandwich of layers with gradient interface,
The middle level up and down is nano material foamed aluminium composite bed, described metal faced for aluminium, aluminium alloy, steel, titanium and titanium alloy up and down
In one kind, it is described up and down it is metal faced with up and down between middle level, sandwich layer in the absence of clear interface, but gradient interface region,
Composition and structure continuous transition in the interface zone, the nano material be nano titanium oxide nanofiber, CNT and
Micron particles shape SiC.
As the preferred of above-mentioned technical proposal, the mass ratio of nano material and foamed aluminium is 1 in the middle level up and down:30-
50, the mass ratio of the nano titanium oxide nanofiber, CNT and micron particles shape SiC is 1:1:1.
As the preferred of above-mentioned technical proposal, the thickness of the nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface is
10.6-92mm, the thickness of the sandwich layer is 9-80mm.
Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of the nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface, including with
Lower step：
(1) by aluminium powder or Al alloy powder with being mixed and made into mixed-powder, batch mixing on foaming agent hydride powder again batch mixer
Shi Changwei 8-24h；
(2) nano titanium oxide nanofiber, CNT and micron particles shape SiC nanometer will be added in mixed-powder
Material, ball milling 1-3h obtains intermediate layer powder；
(3) according to the composition design and structure design of foamed aluminum sandwich plate, panel, foam are calculated respectively according to the following equation
Aluminium core layer occupies the mass fraction of filled board respectively：
M faces %=D faces × ρ faces/(in D faces × ρ faces+D × ρ in+D cores × ρ cores)
In m in %=D × ρ in/(in D faces × ρ faces+D × ρ in+D cores × ρ cores)
M cores %=D cores × ρ cores/(in D faces × ρ faces+D × ρ in+D cores × ρ cores)
Wherein m%, D and ρ is respectively mass fraction, thickness and density, " face ", " in " and " core " represent respectively panel, in
Interbed and sandwich layer；Mass fraction according to calculating weighs the panel alloy powder, intermediate layer powder and sandwich layer of corresponding weight respectively
Mixed-powder；
(4) plate alloy powder, intermediate layer powder, mixed-powder, intermediate layer powder and top panel alloy below weighing
Order is fitted into the grinding tool for being pre-machined and assembling powder successively, and three kinds of powders are in layered distribution, and often loading a kind of powder makes
A kind of lower powder will be reloaded into after powder precompressed with steel pressure head, wherein individual, the relative density of powder packing is 50-60%；
(5) the steel grinding tool loaded after powder is placed in hot press, hot-pressing densification, then removes grinding tool and obtain expandable
Filled board prefabricated component, the relative density of wherein filled board prefabricated component is not less than 98%；
(6) the foamable filled board prefabricated component for preparing step (5) carries out secondary operation and improves quality and change profile
Size, obtains secondary operation prefabricated component；
(7) secondary operation prefabricated component prepared by the foamable filled board prefabricated component or step (6) prepared step (6)
It is put into the heating furnace heated in advance, in foamable, the abundant foaming and intumescing of sandwich layer, panel keeps constant, after the completion of foaming
Cooling obtains the nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface.
As the preferred of above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step (1), aluminium powder or Al alloy powder account for the quality of mixed-powder
Fraction 98-99.5%, the mass percent that hydride powder accounts for mixed-powder is 0.5-2%.
As the preferred of above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step (2), nano material accounts for the mass percent of intermediate layer powder
For 0.02-0.03%.
As the preferred of above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step (5), the temperature of hot-pressing densification is 300-500 DEG C, pressure
For 20-80MPa, the time is 30-120min.
As the preferred of above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step (7), the temperature of foamable is 645-700 DEG C, and the time is
5-15min。
As the preferred of above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step (7), the nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich with gradient interface
Plate includes metal faced, middle level and sandwich layer up and down up and down, it is described it is metal faced up and down, be not present up and down between middle level and sandwich layer it is clear
Composition and structure continuous transition in clear interface, but gradient interface region, the interface zone.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) received in the nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface prepared by the present invention containing nano titanium oxide
Rice fiber, CNT and micron particles shape SiC, nano titanium oxide is chopped fiber shape, and CNT is tubulose, micron particles
Shape SiC is graininess, and nano material is sufficiently mixed with powder, nano material is evenly distributed in foamed aluminium material,
Nanometer titanium dioxide fiber and CNT form network structure in foamed aluminium material, and the SiC particulate distribution of hard wherein rises
The characteristics of to soft or hard have both, while improving the hardness and toughness of foamed aluminium material, improve the mechanical strength of foamed aluminium material.
(2) it is without clearly interface in the nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface prepared by the present invention
Exist with the gradient transition interface of one fixed width, composition and structure continuous transition make metal faced up and down and intermediate layer and sandwich layer
Between conjugation it is high, the problem of surface layer is peeled off when further improving foamed aluminum sandwich plate stress improves making for foamed aluminum sandwich plate
With the life-span, the nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel and traditional metal faced foamed aluminium with gradient interface for preparing the present invention
Filled board is compared, and is all significantly increased in terms of intensity, rigidity, energy absorption ability and overall performance.
(3) preparation method of the invention is simple, and controllability is high, and the compound working procedure and prefabricated component of foamed aluminium and panel is tight
Real forming process unites two into one, it is not necessary to carries out surface cleaning processing, simplifies technological process, reduces cost, and material
Controllability with size is more preferable, is conducive to obtaining variform and the product of property, the market competitiveness is strong.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the part of the application, not
Inappropriate limitation of the present invention is constituted, in the accompanying drawings：
Accompanying drawing 1 is the nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich plate structure schematic diagram with gradient interface.
Wherein, 1, upper metal faced 2, upper middle level 3, sandwich layer 4, lower middle level 5, under it is metal faced
Embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, herein illustrative examples and explanation of the invention
For explaining the present invention, but it is not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1：
(1) by foaming agent hydride powder of the Al-11Si alloyed powders of 139.3g 150 mesh and the 0.7g particle diameter for 325 mesh
Mixed-powder is mixed and made on batch mixer again, a length of 8h during batch mixing, wherein, Al alloy powder accounts for the mass fraction of mixed-powder
99.5%, the mass percent that hydride powder accounts for mixed-powder is 0.5%.
(2) mixed-powder and mass ratio for taking 1/4 are 1:1:1 titanium dioxide nanofiber, CNT and micron
Granular SiC mixing, ball milling 1h obtains intermediate layer powder, wherein, the mass percent that nano material accounts for intermediate layer powder is
0.02%.
(3) by 3003 Al alloy powders of 90g 150 mesh, 1/2 intermediate layer powder, 3/4 mixed-powder, 1/2
Once order is fitted into the grinding tool for being pre-machined and assembling 3003 Al alloy powders of interbed powder and 90g 150 mesh, three kinds
Powder is in layered distribution, and a kind of lower powder will be reloaded into using steel pressure head by often loading a kind of powder after powder precompressed so that three layers
The thickness of powder respectively reaches 5mm, 8mm and 5mm, and the wherein relative density of powder packing is 60%.
(4) the steel grinding tool loaded after powder is placed in hot press, is first warming up to after 300 DEG C, insulation 30min pressure of pressurizeing
System, pressure is 60MPa, then removes grinding tool and obtains foamable filled board prefabricated component, wherein filled board prefabricated component is relatively close
Spend for 100%.
(5) two sides of foamable filled board prefabricated component is carried out into Milling Process causes the flatness of panel to improve, then passes through
Polishing is crossed, secondary operation prefabricated component is obtained.
(6) secondary operation prefabricated component is put into the heating furnace heated in advance, foamable 7min, core at 645 DEG C
Layer fully foaming and intumescing, panel keeps constant, and cooling obtains the compound folder of the nanometer foam aluminium with gradient interface after the completion of foaming
Core.
Embodiment 2：
(1) by foaming agent hydrogen of the Al-10Si-0.5Mg alloyed powders of 261.1g 150 mesh and the 1.3g particle diameter for 325 mesh
Change titanium valve and be mixed and made into mixed-powder on batch mixer again, a length of 8h during batch mixing, wherein, Al alloy powder accounts for the quality point of mixed-powder
Number 99.5%, the mass percent that hydride powder accounts for mixed-powder is 0.5%.
(2) mixed-powder and mass ratio for taking 1/4 are 1:1:1 titanium dioxide nanofiber, CNT and micron
Granular SiC mixing, ball milling 3h obtains intermediate layer powder, wherein, the mass percent that nano material accounts for intermediate layer powder is
0.03%.
(3) by the pure aluminium powder of 118.8g 150 mesh, 1/2 intermediate layer powder, 3/4 mixed-powder, 1/2 centre
Once order is fitted into the grinding tool for being pre-machined and assembling the pure aluminium powder of layer powder and 118.8g 150 mesh, three kinds of powders
In layered distribution, a kind of lower powder will be reloaded into using steel pressure head by often loading a kind of powder after powder precompressed so that three layers of powder
Thickness respectively reach 6.7mm, 15mm and 6.7mm, wherein the relative density of powder packing is 60%.
(4) the steel grinding tool loaded after powder is placed in hot press, is first warming up to after 300 DEG C, insulation 30min pressure of pressurizeing
System, pressure is 20MPa, then removes grinding tool and obtains foamable filled board prefabricated component, wherein filled board prefabricated component is relatively close
Spend for 100%.
(5) two sides of foamable filled board prefabricated component is carried out into Milling Process causes the flatness of panel to improve, then passes through
Polishing is crossed, secondary operation prefabricated component is obtained.
(6) secondary operation prefabricated component is put into the heating furnace heated in advance, foamable 5min, core at 645 DEG C
Layer fully foaming and intumescing, panel keeps constant, and cooling obtains the compound folder of the nanometer foam aluminium with gradient interface after the completion of foaming
Core.
Embodiment 3：
(1) by foaming agent hydride powder again batch mixing of 6061 Al alloy powders of 400g 150 mesh and the 4g particle diameter for 325 mesh
Mixed-powder is mixed and made on machine, a length of 16h during batch mixing, wherein, Al alloy powder accounts for the mass fraction 99.5% of mixed-powder, hydrogen
It is 0.5% to change titanium valve to account for the mass percent of mixed-powder.
(2) mixed-powder and mass ratio for taking 1/4 are 1:1:1 titanium dioxide nanofiber, CNT and micron
Granular SiC mixing, ball milling 1.5h obtains intermediate layer powder, wherein, the mass percent that nano material accounts for intermediate layer powder is
0.025%.
(3) by the Ti-6Al-4V alloy powders of 292g 150 mesh, 1/2 intermediate layer powder, 3/4 mixed-powder, 1/2
Intermediate layer powder and the 292g Ti-6Al-4V alloy powders of 150 mesh once sequentially load the mill for being pre-machined and assembling
In tool, three kinds of powders are in layered distribution, and a kind of lower powder will be reloaded into using steel pressure head by often loading a kind of powder after powder precompressed,
So that the thickness of three layers of powder respectively reaches 11mm, 25mm and 11mm, the wherein relative density of powder packing is 54%.
(4) the steel grinding tool loaded after powder is placed in hot press, is first warming up to after 500 DEG C, insulation 60min pressure of pressurizeing
System, pressure is 80MPa, then removes grinding tool and obtains foamable filled board prefabricated component, wherein filled board prefabricated component is relatively close
Spend for 100%.
(5) foamable filled board prefabricated component is placed in batch-type furnace, 1h is incubated at 400 DEG C, rolling processing is then carried out,
Total deformation 50% is rolled, secondary operation prefabricated component is obtained.
(6) secondary operation prefabricated component is put into the heating furnace heated in advance, foamable 9min, core at 680 DEG C
Layer fully foaming and intumescing, panel keeps constant, and cooling obtains the compound folder of the nanometer foam aluminium with gradient interface after the completion of foaming
Core.
Embodiment 4：
(1) by foaming agent hydride powder again batch mixing of the pure aluminium powder of 665.5g 150 mesh and the 13.5g particle diameter for 325 mesh
Mixed-powder is mixed and made on machine, a length of 8h during batch mixing, wherein, aluminium powder accounts for the mass fraction 98% of mixed-powder, hydride powder
The mass percent for accounting for mixed-powder is 2%.
(2) mixed-powder and mass ratio for taking 1/4 are 1:1:1 titanium dioxide nanofiber, CNT and micron
Granular SiC mixing, ball milling 2h obtains intermediate layer powder, wherein, the mass percent that nano material accounts for intermediate layer powder is
0.025%.
(3) by 304 stainless steel alloy powder of 748g 150 mesh, 1/2 intermediate layer powder, 3/4 mixed-powder, 1/2
Intermediate layer powder and 748g 304 stainless steel alloy powder of 150 mesh once sequentially load the mill for being pre-machined and assembling
In tool, three kinds of powders are in layered distribution, and a kind of lower powder will be reloaded into using steel pressure head by often loading a kind of powder after powder precompressed,
So that the thickness of three layers of powder respectively reaches 17mm, 46mm and 17mm, the wherein relative density of powder packing is 50%.
(4) the steel grinding tool loaded after powder is placed in hot press, is first warming up to after 500 DEG C, insulation 120min pressure of pressurizeing
System, pressure is 80MPa, then removes grinding tool and obtains foamable filled board prefabricated component, wherein filled board prefabricated component is relatively close
Spend for 98%.
(5) foamable filled board prefabricated component is placed in batch-type furnace, 2h is incubated at 400 DEG C, rolling processing is then carried out,
Total deformation 30% is rolled, secondary operation prefabricated component is obtained.
(6) secondary operation prefabricated component is put into the heating furnace heated in advance, foamable 15min, core at 700 DEG C
Layer fully foaming and intumescing, panel keeps constant, and cooling obtains the compound folder of the nanometer foam aluminium with gradient interface after the completion of foaming
Core.
Embodiment 5：
(1) by foaming agent hydride powder again batch mixing of 6061 Al alloy powders of 400g 150 mesh and the 4g particle diameter for 325 mesh
Mixed-powder is mixed and made on machine, a length of 16h during batch mixing, wherein, Al alloy powder accounts for the mass fraction 99.5% of mixed-powder, hydrogen
It is 0.5% to change titanium valve to account for the mass percent of mixed-powder.
(2) mixed-powder and mass ratio for taking 1/4 are 1:1:1 titanium dioxide nanofiber, CNT and micron
Granular SiC mixing, ball milling 1.5h obtains intermediate layer powder, wherein, the mass percent that nano material accounts for intermediate layer powder is
0.022%.
(3) by the Ti-6Al-4V alloy powders of 292g 150 mesh, 1/2 intermediate layer powder, 3/4 mixed-powder, 1/2
Intermediate layer powder and the 292g Ti-6Al-4V alloy powders of 150 mesh once sequentially load the mill for being pre-machined and assembling
In tool, three kinds of powders are in layered distribution, and a kind of lower powder will be reloaded into using steel pressure head by often loading a kind of powder after powder precompressed,
So that the thickness of three layers of powder respectively reaches 11mm, 25mm and 11mm, the wherein relative density of powder packing is 54%.
(4) the steel grinding tool loaded after powder is placed in hot press, is first warming up to after 500 DEG C, insulation 80min pressure of pressurizeing
System, pressure is 70MPa, then removes grinding tool and obtains foamable filled board prefabricated component, wherein filled board prefabricated component is relatively close
Spend for 99%.
(5) foamable filled board prefabricated component is placed in batch-type furnace, 2h is incubated at 400 DEG C, rolling processing is then carried out,
Total deformation 50% is rolled, secondary operation prefabricated component is obtained.
(6) secondary operation prefabricated component is put into the heating furnace heated in advance, foamable 10min, core at 680 DEG C
Layer fully foaming and intumescing, panel keeps constant, and cooling obtains the compound folder of the nanometer foam aluminium with gradient interface after the completion of foaming
Core.
Embodiment 6：
(1) by foaming agent hydride powder again batch mixing of the pure aluminium powder of 665.5g 150 mesh and the 13.5g particle diameter for 325 mesh
Mixed-powder is mixed and made on machine, a length of 8h during batch mixing, wherein, aluminium powder accounts for the mass fraction 98% of mixed-powder, hydride powder
The mass percent for accounting for mixed-powder is 2%.
(2) mixed-powder and mass ratio for taking 1/4 are 1:1:1 titanium dioxide nanofiber, CNT and micron
Granular SiC mixing, ball milling 2.5h obtains intermediate layer powder, wherein, the mass percent that nano material accounts for intermediate layer powder is
0.028%.
(3) by 304 stainless steel alloy powder of 748g 150 mesh, 1/2 intermediate layer powder, 3/4 mixed-powder, 1/2
Intermediate layer powder and 748g 304 stainless steel alloy powder of 150 mesh once sequentially load the mill for being pre-machined and assembling
In tool, three kinds of powders are in layered distribution, and a kind of lower powder will be reloaded into using steel pressure head by often loading a kind of powder after powder precompressed,
So that the thickness of three layers of powder respectively reaches 17mm, 46mm and 17mm, the wherein relative density of powder packing is 50%.
(4) the steel grinding tool loaded after powder is placed in hot press, is first warming up to after 550 DEG C, insulation 120min pressure of pressurizeing
System, pressure is 80MPa, then removes grinding tool and obtains foamable filled board prefabricated component, wherein filled board prefabricated component is relatively close
Spend for 99%.
(5) foamable filled board prefabricated component is placed in batch-type furnace, 2h is incubated at 400 DEG C, rolling processing is then carried out,
Total deformation 30% is rolled, secondary operation prefabricated component is obtained.
(6) secondary operation prefabricated component is put into the heating furnace heated in advance, foamable 15min, core at 650 DEG C
Layer fully foaming and intumescing, panel keeps constant, and cooling obtains the compound folder of the nanometer foam aluminium with gradient interface after the completion of foaming
Core.
Nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel and the foam of prior art with gradient interface prepared by embodiment 1-6
The gross thickness ultimate bearing capacity of aluminium filled board and the appearance results under 5m/s impact velocity are as follows：
As seen from the above table, the nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel machine capability with gradient interface that prepared by the present invention is notable
Improve, and stamping resistance is good, is not readily separated destruction.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, not for the limitation present invention.It is any ripe
Know the personage of this technology all can carry out modifications and changes under the spirit and scope without prejudice to the present invention to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, those of ordinary skill in the art is complete without departing from disclosed spirit and institute under technological thought such as
Into all equivalent modifications or change, should by the present invention claim be covered.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface, it is characterised in that：The receiving with gradient interface
Rice foamed aluminium composite sandwich panel includes metal faced, middle level and sandwich layer up and down up and down, and the sandwich layer is the bubble with gradient interface
Foam aluminium sandwich of layers, it is described up and down middle level be nano material foamed aluminium composite bed, it is described up and down it is metal faced for aluminium, aluminium alloy, steel,
One kind in titanium and titanium alloy, it is described up and down it is metal faced with up and down between middle level, sandwich layer in the absence of clear interface, but gradient
Composition and structure continuous transition in interface zone, the interface zone, the nano material are nano titanium oxide nanofiber, carbon
Nanotube and micron particles shape SiC.
2. a kind of nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The mass ratio of nano material and foamed aluminium is 1 in middle level above and below stating:30-50, the nano titanium oxide nanofiber, carbon nanometer
Pipe and micron particles shape SiC mass ratio are 1:1:1.
3. a kind of nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The thickness for stating the nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface is 10.6-92mm, and the thickness of the sandwich layer is 9-80mm.
4. a kind of preparation method of the nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
(1) by aluminium powder or Al alloy powder with being mixed and made into mixed-powder, batch mixing duration on foaming agent hydride powder again batch mixer
For 8-24h；
(2) nano titanium oxide nanofiber, CNT and micron particles shape SiC nanometer material will be added in mixed-powder
Material, ball milling 1-3h obtains intermediate layer powder；
(3) according to the composition design and structure design of foamed aluminum sandwich plate, panel, foamed aluminum-core are calculated respectively according to the following equation
Layer occupies the mass fraction of filled board respectively：
M faces %=D faces × ρ faces/(in D faces × ρ faces+D × ρ in+D cores × ρ cores)
In m in %=D × ρ in/(in D faces × ρ faces+D × ρ in+D cores × ρ cores)
M cores %=D cores × ρ cores/(in D faces × ρ faces+D × ρ in+D cores × ρ cores)
Wherein m%, D and ρ is respectively mass fraction, thickness and density, " face ", " in " and " core " represent panel, intermediate layer respectively
And sandwich layer；Mass fraction according to calculating weighs the mixed of the panel alloy powder, intermediate layer powder and sandwich layer of corresponding weight respectively
Close powder；
(4) plate alloy powder, intermediate layer powder, mixed-powder, intermediate layer powder and top panel alloy powder below weighing
Order is fitted into the grinding tool for being pre-machined and assembling successively, and three kinds of powders are in layered distribution, often load a kind of powder and use steel
Pressure head will be reloaded into a kind of lower powder after powder precompressed, wherein individual, the relative density of powder packing is 50-60%；
(5) the steel grinding tool loaded after powder is placed in hot press, hot-pressing densification, then removes grinding tool and obtain foamable folder
Core prefabricated component, the relative density of wherein filled board prefabricated component is not less than 98%；
(6) the foamable filled board prefabricated component for preparing step (5) carries out secondary operation and improves quality and change appearance and size,
Obtain secondary operation prefabricated component；
(7) secondary operation prefabricated component prepared by the foamable filled board prefabricated component or step (6) prepared step (6) is put into
In the heating furnace heated in advance, in foamable, the abundant foaming and intumescing of sandwich layer, panel keeps constant, is cooled down after the completion of foaming
Obtain the nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface.
5. a kind of preparation method of nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface according to claim 4, its
It is characterised by：In the step (1), aluminium powder or Al alloy powder account for the mass fraction 98-99.5% of mixed-powder, hydride powder
The mass percent for accounting for mixed-powder is 0.5-2%.
6. a kind of preparation method of nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface according to claim 4, its
It is characterised by：In the step (2), the mass percent that nano material accounts for intermediate layer powder is 0.02-0.03%.
7. a kind of preparation method of nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface according to claim 4, its
It is characterised by：In the step (5), the temperature of hot-pressing densification is 300-500 DEG C, and pressure is 20-80MPa, and the time is 30-
120min。
8. a kind of preparation method of nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface according to claim 4, its
It is characterised by：In the step (7), the temperature of foamable is 645-700 DEG C, and the time is 5-15min.
9. a kind of preparation method of nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface according to claim 4, its
It is characterised by：In the step (7), the nanometer foam aluminium composite sandwich panel with gradient interface include up and down it is metal faced, on
Lower middle level and sandwich layer, it is described it is metal faced up and down, clear interface, but graded interfacial region is not present between middle level and sandwich layer up and down
Composition and structure continuous transition in domain, the interface zone.
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| CN113667855A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2021-11-19 | 中国民航大学 | Functionally gradient foamed aluminum and preparation method thereof |
| CN114248510A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2022-03-29 | 中国民航大学 | Aircraft fuel tank and leading edge slat that possess energy-absorbing safeguard function |
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| CN114248510B (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2024-03-22 | 中国民航大学 | Aircraft with energy absorption protection function |
| CN114888289A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Gradient titanium-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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