CN106984596B - Laser cleaning machine and control method thereof - Google Patents
Laser cleaning machine and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106984596B CN106984596B CN201710276915.9A CN201710276915A CN106984596B CN 106984596 B CN106984596 B CN 106984596B CN 201710276915 A CN201710276915 A CN 201710276915A CN 106984596 B CN106984596 B CN 106984596B
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- laser
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/0035—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like
- B08B7/0042—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like by laser
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B5/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
- B08B5/02—Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
- B23K26/0643—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising mirrors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
Abstract
The invention discloses a laser cleaning machine and a control method thereof, wherein the laser cleaning machine comprises a laser emission gun and a mobile cabinet, wherein a laser is arranged in the mobile cabinet, and the laser is connected with the laser emission gun through a wire harness; the laser emission gun comprises a gun-shaped shell, wherein a scanning vibrating mirror, a collimating mirror group and a first reflecting mirror are arranged in the gun-shaped shell, an emergent window is formed in the front end of the gun-shaped shell, a field mirror is arranged at the emergent window, the scanning vibrating mirror is located at the inner side of the field mirror, and comprises a swinging motor and a second reflecting mirror arranged on a motor shaft of the swinging motor. The laser cleaning machine provided by the invention has the advantages of compact structure, small volume, light weight and good flexibility, and can be used for effectively cleaning attachments or surface coatings on the surface of a cleaning object at a high speed; by adopting the control method of the laser cleaning machine provided by the invention, the use safety of the laser cleaning machine is greatly improved, and the occurrence of safety accidents is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser processing equipment, and particularly relates to a laser cleaning machine and a control method thereof.
Background
With the enhancement of environmental awareness, great challenges are brought to the development of the cleaning industry worldwide, and various cleaning technologies beneficial to environmental protection are generated, so that the laser cleaning technology is one of the cleaning technologies. The laser cleaning technology is a process of irradiating the surface of a workpiece with a high-energy laser beam to instantaneously evaporate or peel dirt, rust or coating on the surface, and effectively remove the surface attachments or surface coatings of a cleaning object at a high speed, thereby achieving cleaning. The laser cleaning is a new technology based on the interaction of laser and substances, and compared with the traditional cleaning methods such as mechanical friction cleaning, chemical corrosion cleaning, liquid solid strong impact cleaning, high-frequency ultrasonic cleaning and the like, the laser cleaning is efficient, quick and low in cost, has small heat load and mechanical load on a substrate, and is not damaged; the waste can be recovered, and no environmental pollution is caused; the safety and reliability are realized, and the health of operators is not damaged; can remove various coatings with different thickness and different components. The existing laser cleaning equipment has the following defects:
1. the structure is complex, the reliability is poor, the laser cleaning equipment is easy to damage, and the service life is short;
2. the volume is large, the weight is heavy, the use of operators is not flexible, and the operators cannot use the operators for a long time, so that the working efficiency is affected;
3. the safety is poor, and the safety accident is easy to happen.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the laser cleaning machine and the control method thereof, which have compact structure, small size, portability, good reliability and safety.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a laser cleaning machine and a control method thereof are characterized in that: the laser device comprises a laser emission gun and a mobile cabinet, wherein a laser is arranged in the mobile cabinet, the laser device is connected with the laser emission gun through a wire harness, and the wire harness at least comprises optical fibers; the laser emission gun comprises a gun-shaped shell, a scanning vibrating mirror, a collimating mirror group and a first reflecting mirror are arranged in the gun-shaped shell, an emergent window is formed in the front end of the gun-shaped shell, a field mirror is arranged at the emergent window, the scanning vibrating mirror is positioned at the inner side of the field mirror, and the scanning vibrating mirror comprises a swinging motor and a second reflecting mirror arranged on a motor shaft of the swinging motor; the laser beam emitted by the laser emits to the collimating lens group through the optical fiber, is collimated by the collimating lens group, and then sequentially passes through the first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror and the field lens and then is emitted outwards from the emergent window.
By adopting the structure, the laser emission gun is held by hand, the structure is compact, the volume is small, the weight is light, the scanning on a line can be realized through the scanning vibrating mirror, dirt, rust spots or coating on the surface of a workpiece irradiated by laser can be quickly and reliably evaporated or peeled off instantaneously, and attachments or surface coatings on the surface of a cleaning object can be quickly and effectively removed; the movable cabinet is convenient for move the position, and the flexibility of the laser cleaning machine is greatly improved by being matched with the light laser emission gun.
As preferable: an air compressor is arranged in the mobile cabinet, an air flow passage is arranged on the gun-shaped shell, an air outlet of the air flow passage is positioned at the exit window, the wire harness further comprises an air conduit, one end of the air conduit is communicated with an air inlet of the air flow passage, and the other end of the air conduit is connected with the air compressor through an electromagnetic valve. By adopting the structure, the compressed air sprayed out of the air outlet can blow away the particles generated by irradiating the surface of the workpiece with laser, so that the laser cleaning efficiency is effectively improved.
As preferable: the air conduit is communicated with the air compressor through an air filter. By adopting the structure, the air filter is used for filtering impurities such as oil gas in the compressed air.
As preferable: the gun-shaped shell is provided with a main grip and an auxiliary grip. By adopting the structure, the double-hand holding of the operator is convenient, and the double-hand holding greatly improves the flexibility and convenience of the laser emission gun.
As preferable: the gun-shaped shell is provided with a primary switch, and the primary handle and the secondary handle are respectively provided with an interlocking secondary switch I and a secondary switch II. By adopting the structure, the laser is activated only when the primary switch is started, and the laser emits laser only when the secondary switch I and the secondary switch II are simultaneously started, so that misoperation is effectively prevented, and the use safety is greatly improved.
As preferable: and a distance detection device for detecting the distance from the exit window to the processing surface is arranged at the exit window. By adopting the structure, the use safety is improved, and the distance between the emergent window and the processing surface is ensured to be within the effective action range of laser.
As preferable: the distance detection device is an ultrasonic distance sensor. By adopting the structure, the precision is high, and the device is stable and reliable.
As preferable: an emergency stop button is arranged on the gun-shaped shell. With the structure, when the laser cleaning machine has uncontrollable emergency, the machine can be stopped immediately by pressing the emergency stop button.
As preferable: the wire collecting box and the wire spool are arranged on the outer wall of the mobile cabinet, the wire collecting pipe is arranged at the rear end of the gun-shaped shell, and two ends of the wire harness are connected with the wire collecting box and the wire collecting pipe respectively. By adopting the structure, through the arrangement of the wire collecting box and the wire collecting pipe, various circuit joints are integrated, so that the structure is compact, the wire collecting box is safe and reliable, and the wire harness can be wound and regulated through the wire winding disc.
The control method of the laser cleaning machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: judging whether a starting signal sent by a primary switch is acquired or not: if yes, entering the next step, otherwise, returning to the step;
s2: judging whether a starting signal sent by the first secondary switch and the second secondary switch is acquired or not: if yes, entering the next step, otherwise, returning to the step;
s3: acquiring distance information sent by a distance detection device;
s4: judging whether the distance is smaller than or equal to a threshold value: if yes, entering the next step, otherwise, returning to the step S3;
s5: the laser emits laser beams, the scanning galvanometer is started, and the electromagnetic valve is conducted;
s6: judging whether a starting signal sent by the scram button is acquired or not: if yes, stopping emitting laser beams by the laser, stopping scanning the galvanometer, closing the electromagnetic valve, otherwise, entering the next step;
s7: and repeating the steps S1 to S6.
By adopting the method, the safety of the laser cleaning machine is greatly improved and the safety accident is avoided by the mutual cooperation of the primary switch, the secondary switch I, the secondary switch II, the distance detection device and the emergency stop button.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the laser cleaning machine provided by the invention has the advantages of compact structure, small volume, light weight, high reliability and good flexibility, and can be used for effectively cleaning attachments or surface coatings on the surface of a cleaning object at a high speed; by adopting the control method of the laser cleaning machine provided by the invention, the use safety of the laser cleaning machine is greatly improved, and the occurrence of safety accidents is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a laser gun;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a laser gun;
FIG. 4 is a right side view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a laser emission gun;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the matching relationship of a field lens, a collimating lens group, a first mirror and a second mirror;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a mobile cabinet from one perspective;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another view of the mobile cabinet.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples and figures.
As shown in fig. 1, 7 and 8, a laser cleaning machine comprises a laser emission gun 1 and a movable cabinet 2, wherein a laser 3 and an air compressor 5 are arranged in the movable cabinet 2, the laser 3 is connected with the laser emission gun 1 through a wire harness 4, and the wire harness 4 comprises an optical fiber, an electric wire, a data transmission line, an air conduit and the like. An air filter 6, a line concentration box 7, a wire spool 8, a status light strip 9 and a main power socket 10 are arranged on the outer wall of the mobile cabinet 2, wherein compressed air generated by the air compressor 5 is filtered by the air filter 6 and then is conveyed into the air conduit, an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the air outlet of the air compressor 5, and the condition of conveying the compressed air of the air conduit by the air compressor 5 can be controlled through the electromagnetic valve. Both ends of the wire harness 4 are connected with the wire collecting box 7 and the wire collecting pipe 12, respectively, and the wire harness 4 can be wound on the wire spool 8, and plays a role in regulating the wire harness 4. In addition, a status light strip 9 is used to indicate the operating status of the laser cleaning machine.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, a universal wheel 24 is disposed at the bottom of the mobile cabinet 2, a grip tab 22 is disposed at the upper portion of the mobile cabinet 2, and an operator can push or pull the mobile cabinet 2 through the grip tab 22 and the universal wheel 24, so as to flexibly and conveniently change the placement position. A openable cabinet door 21 is arranged on one side wall of the movable cabinet 2, and a wire harness hole 25 is arranged on the movable cabinet 2 at the cabinet door 21, so that the laser emission gun 1 is conveniently accommodated in the movable cabinet 2 through the design of the wire harness hole 25. The movable cabinet 2 is provided with air through holes 23 distributed in an array, and the air through holes 23 can radiate heat of the laser 3 and the air compressor 5 and facilitate air intake of the air compressor 5.
Referring to fig. 2, the laser emission gun 1 includes a gun-shaped housing 11 and a collector tube 12 disposed at a rear end of the gun-shaped housing 11. The gun-shaped shell 11 is formed by adopting a 3D printing technology at one time, the front end of the gun-shaped shell 11 is provided with an exit window 111, and a distance detection device 18 for detecting the distance from the exit window 111 to a processing surface is arranged at the exit window 111 so as to ensure that the distance between the exit window 111 and the processing surface is within the effective action range of laser, and the distance detection device 18 is preferably an ultrasonic distance sensor which has the advantages of good reliability and high accuracy.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 5, the gun-shaped housing 11 has an air flow channel 112, an air outlet 112a of the air flow channel 112 is located at the exit window 111, an air inlet of the air flow channel 112 is communicated with an air conduit, and compressed air sprayed from the air outlet 112a can blow away particles generated by laser irradiating the surface of the workpiece, so that the efficiency of laser cleaning is greatly improved.
Referring to fig. 2-4 and fig. 6, the gun-shaped housing 11 has a main grip 114 and an auxiliary grip 113, so as to be convenient for an operator to hold by two hands, and the use of two hands greatly improves the flexibility and convenience of using the laser emission gun 1. The gun-shaped casing 11 is provided with a primary switch 171, and the primary switch 171 is in the form of a knob, which is convenient to operate and can be clearly distinguished from other buttons. The primary grip 114 and the secondary grip 113 are respectively provided with a first secondary switch 172 and a second secondary switch 173 which are interlocked, and the first secondary switch 172 and the second secondary switch 173 are preferably in the form of buttons. Only when the primary switch 171 is started, the laser 3 is activated and enabled, and the laser 3 emits laser only when the secondary switch 172 and the secondary switch 173 are simultaneously started, so that misoperation is effectively prevented, and the use safety is greatly improved. In addition, an emergency stop button 19 is arranged on the gun-shaped shell 11, and when an uncontrollable emergency situation occurs in the laser cleaning machine, the laser cleaning machine can be stopped immediately by pressing the emergency stop button 19.
Referring to fig. 6, a scanning galvanometer 14, a collimating mirror set 15 and a first reflecting mirror 16 are disposed in the gun-shaped housing 11, a field lens 13 is disposed at the exit window 111, the scanning galvanometer 14 is located at the inner side of the field lens 13, the scanning galvanometer 14 includes a swinging motor 141 and a second reflecting mirror 142 mounted on a motor shaft of the swinging motor 141, a laser beam emitted by the laser 3 is emitted to the collimating mirror set 15 through an optical fiber, after being collimated by the collimating mirror set 15, the laser beam is emitted to the second reflecting mirror 142 of the scanning field lens 14 through the first reflecting mirror 16, and finally the laser beam is emitted to the outside from the exit window 111 through the field lens 13 and is scanned on a processing surface in a line. The field lens 13 is an F-theta lens, is rectangular in shape, and has the advantages of small size and portability.
The control method of the laser cleaning machine adopts a singlechip for control, the singlechip is arranged in a mobile cabinet 2, and the control method of the laser cleaning machine is carried out according to the following steps:
s1: it is determined whether or not the start signal from the primary switch 171 is acquired: if yes, entering the next step, otherwise, returning to the step;
s2: judging whether the starting signals sent by the first secondary switch 172 and the second secondary switch 173 are acquired or not: if yes, entering the next step, otherwise, returning to the step;
s3: acquiring distance information sent by the distance detection device 18;
s4: judging whether the distance is equal to or less than a threshold (set value): if yes, entering the next step, otherwise, returning to the step S3;
s5: the laser 3 emits laser beams, the scanning galvanometer 14 is started, and the electromagnetic valve is conducted;
s6: judging whether or not the start signal from the scram button 19 is acquired: if yes, the laser 3 stops emitting laser beams, the scanning galvanometer 14 stops, the electromagnetic valve is closed, and if not, the next step is carried out;
s7: and repeating the steps S1 to S6.
The application process of the invention is as follows:
1. confirm that the emergency stop button 19 is in the unactuated, relaxed state, confirm that the primary switch 171 is in the unactuated state;
2. switching on a power supply;
3. starting the air compressor 5, and waiting for the air bottle of the air compressor 5 to store air;
4. after the gas storage is finished, starting the laser 3;
5. starting the primary switch 171;
6. the operator holds the main grip 114 and the auxiliary grip 113 with both hands respectively, and vertically aligns the exit window 111 with the processing surface;
7. the laser emission gun 1 is close to the processing surface, so that the distance between the emergent window 111 and the processing surface is in a set range;
8. the operator presses the first secondary switch 172 and the second secondary switch 173 simultaneously, and the laser beam is emitted from the exit window 111;
9. the laser emission gun 1 is moved at a slow speed and the distance of the exit window 111 relative to the processing surface is maintained during the movement.
Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and that many similar changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A control method of a laser cleaning machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: judging whether a starting signal sent by a primary switch (171) is acquired or not: if yes, entering the next step, otherwise, returning to the step;
s2: judging whether the starting signals sent by the first secondary switch (172) and the second secondary switch (173) are acquired or not: if yes, entering the next step, otherwise, returning to the step;
s3: acquiring distance information sent by a distance detection device (18);
s4: judging whether the distance is smaller than or equal to a threshold value: if yes, entering the next step, otherwise, returning to the step S3;
s5: the laser (3) emits laser beams, the scanning galvanometer (14) is started, and the electromagnetic valve is conducted;
s6: judging whether a starting signal sent by the scram button (19) is acquired or not: the laser (3) stops emitting laser beams, the scanning galvanometer (14) is stopped, the electromagnetic valve is closed, and if not, the next step is carried out;
s7: repeating the steps S1 to S6;
the laser cleaning machine is characterized in that: the laser device comprises a laser emission gun (1) and a mobile cabinet (2), wherein a laser (3) is arranged in the mobile cabinet (2), the laser (3) is connected with the laser emission gun (1) through a wire harness (4), and the wire harness (4) at least comprises optical fibers;
the laser emission gun (1) comprises a gun-shaped shell (11), wherein a scanning vibrating mirror (14), a collimating mirror group (15) and a first reflecting mirror (16) are arranged in the gun-shaped shell (11), the front end of the gun-shaped shell (11) is provided with an emergent window (111), a field mirror (13) is arranged at the emergent window (111), the scanning vibrating mirror (14) is positioned at the inner side of the field mirror (13), and the scanning vibrating mirror (14) comprises a swinging motor (141) and a second reflecting mirror (142) arranged on a motor shaft of the swinging motor (141);
the laser beam emitted by the laser (3) is emitted to the collimating lens group (15) through the optical fiber, is collimated by the collimating lens group (15), and then sequentially passes through the first reflecting mirror (16), the second reflecting mirror (142) and the field lens (13) to be emitted outwards from the emergent window (111);
an air compressor (5) is arranged in the mobile cabinet (2), an air flow passage (112) is formed in the gun-shaped shell (11), an air outlet (112 a) of the air flow passage (112) is positioned at the position of the emergent window (111), the wire harness (4) further comprises an air conduit, one end of the air conduit is communicated with the air inlet of the air flow passage (112), and the other end of the air conduit is connected with the air compressor (5) through an electromagnetic valve;
the air conduit is communicated with the air compressor (5) through an air filter (6);
the gun-shaped shell (11) is provided with a main grip (114) and an auxiliary grip (113);
a primary switch (171) is arranged on the gun-shaped shell (11), and a secondary switch I (172) and a secondary switch II (173) which are interlocked are respectively arranged on the main grip (114) and the auxiliary grip (113);
a distance detection device (18) for detecting the distance from the exit window (111) to the processing surface is arranged at the exit window (111);
the distance detection device (18) is an ultrasonic distance sensor;
an emergency stop button (19) is arranged on the gun-shaped shell (11);
a line concentration box (7) and a wire spool (8) are arranged on the outer wall of the mobile cabinet (2), a line concentration tube (12) is arranged at the rear end of the gun-shaped shell (11), and two ends of the wire harness (4) are respectively connected with the line concentration box (7) and the line concentration tube (12);
the field lens (13) adopts an F-theta lens;
the laser cleaning machine is used as follows:
i, confirming that the emergency stop button (19) is in a non-started loose state, and confirming that the primary switch (171) is in a non-started state;
II, switching on a power supply;
III, starting the air compressor (5) and waiting for the air storage of the air cylinder of the air compressor (5);
IV, starting the laser (3) after the gas storage is finished;
v, starting a primary switch (171);
VI, respectively holding the main grip (114) and the auxiliary grip (113) by two hands of an operator, and vertically aligning the emergent window (111) to the processing surface;
VII, the laser emission gun (1) is close to the processing surface, so that the distance between the emergent window (111) and the processing surface is in a set range;
VIII, the operator presses the first secondary switch (172) and the second secondary switch (173) simultaneously, and the laser beam is emitted from the emergent window (111);
IX, moving the laser gun (1) at a slow speed and maintaining the distance of the exit window (111) relative to the machining surface during the movement.
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| CN201710276915.9A CN106984596B (en) | 2017-04-25 | 2017-04-25 | Laser cleaning machine and control method thereof |
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| CN201710276915.9A CN106984596B (en) | 2017-04-25 | 2017-04-25 | Laser cleaning machine and control method thereof |
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| CN106984596B true CN106984596B (en) | 2023-06-06 |
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