CN1069801C - 显示装置的输入接口装置 - Google Patents

显示装置的输入接口装置 Download PDF

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CN1069801C
CN1069801C CN95113159A CN95113159A CN1069801C CN 1069801 C CN1069801 C CN 1069801C CN 95113159 A CN95113159 A CN 95113159A CN 95113159 A CN95113159 A CN 95113159A CN 1069801 C CN1069801 C CN 1069801C
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CN1145002A (zh
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荻野正规
田中圭一郎
岩本哲夫
市川公舟
府马英之
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Hitachi Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/042—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by opto-electronic means
    • G06F3/0425—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by opto-electronic means using a single imaging device like a video camera for tracking the absolute position of a single or a plurality of objects with respect to an imaged reference surface, e.g. video camera imaging a display or a projection screen, a table or a wall surface, on which a computer generated image is displayed or projected
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/0354—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of 2D relative movements between the device, or an operating part thereof, and a plane or surface, e.g. 2D mice, trackballs, pens or pucks
    • G06F3/03542—Light pens for emitting or receiving light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/038—Control and interface arrangements therefor, e.g. drivers or device-embedded control circuitry
    • G06F3/0386—Control and interface arrangements therefor, e.g. drivers or device-embedded control circuitry for light pen
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
    • G06F3/04162—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers for exchanging data with external devices, e.g. smart pens, via the digitiser sensing hardware
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/045—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using resistive elements, e.g. a single continuous surface or two parallel surfaces put in contact

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Abstract

一种由计算机等图象信号源、原图象形成装置、透射式屏、屏上显示位置检测装置、红外光发射用调制装置，内藏式光笔等构成的显示装置，它能发射用在操作者将上述光笔压到屏上时产生的压力来调制的红外光，此红外光用红外光检测器检测放大，用解调装置解调，输入到上述图象信号源，能表示出文字加工显示图形的线段的灰度等级、粗细等。

Description

显示装置的输入接口装置
本发明涉及显示装置的输入接口装置，特别是有关大画面显示的经由透射式屏的输入装置。
近年来大画面投影显示技术发展迅速。已能将计算机工作站产生的高清晰度图像放映到黑板大小(有效高度约1m，宽约1.5m)的后投影式屏幕上。
作为人-机接口的输入装置通过充分利用此屏幕试行提高电子会议的效率。
作为一种屏上显示位置检测装置已知有在构成屏的多个元件板的两相对的表面上附加导电电阻膜的形式即所谓接触板形式。但是该接触板方式，由于导电膜表面的光反射率约增加10％，所以存在图象的反差比即图象质量变坏的问题。究其原因，是因为光的界面反射率R由下式给出，通常的透射式屏的结构材料性质是其折射率n的值约为1.5，导电膜材料(ITO)的折射率n的值约为2。
[数学式1]
Figure C9511315900031
克服该问题的其它方式，也试验过在透射式屏的后方即投影侧配置红外线摄像机，用发射红外线的笔(光笔)在屏上存取的方式。如图1所示。
在图1中，(1)是计算机等图象信号源、(2)是原图象形成装置、(3)是原图象形成面、(4)是投影透镜、(5)是屏幕、(6)是发射红外线的光笔、(601)是红外线发射钮、(7)是用作屏上显示位置检测装置的红外线摄像机。操作人员用手指按压按钮(601)时发射红外线，经过屏幕(5)到达摄像机(7)。用摄像机(7)确定屏上的笔指示位置，该位置信息传送到图象信号源装置(1)。按照与个人计算机用鼠标器指示反应的同样原理，装在图象信号源(1)或原图象形成装置(2)中的计算机按照笔指示位置反应。即笔操作者与图象信号源完成对话业务。
上述已有技术存在如下问题。
(1)操作者用手指按压按钮(601)时，由于手指压力导致光笔的方向错开，结果，偏离了屏上的指示位置。因而进行了与图象信号源(1)的操作者的意图不同的错误的反应。即有位置指示精度不足的问题。
(2)要用红外线发射笔(6)描绘屏上的简单图形或文字时，开始写入构成它的各线段和写入结束由于都要进行按钮操作，非常麻烦，即有操作性不良的问题。
(3)发射红外线的光笔发射的红外线，由于只限于一种形式，所以用来区别要描绘的简单图或文字的笔划粗细和颜色就很困难。
本发明的目的在于至少解决上述已有技术的问题(1)～(3)中的一个。即：
(1)提高屏上显示位置的检测精度。
(2)在屏上描写图形和文字时，各线段开始写入和写入结束无须进行按钮操作，提高了操作性。
(3)可区别出构成要描写的图形和文字的线段的粗细和颜色。
为了达到这些目的，本发明是具有透射式屏和该透射式屏上的显示位置检测装置和图象信号源的显示装置的输入接口装置，由发射红外光的光笔和红外光调制信号识别器构成，光笔具有在压该光笔前端部时用以检测在上述屏上的按压力的压力检测器；和对应所检测出的压力来调制红外光的输出的调制器。而且其特征在于上述红外光调制信号识别器包括：检测上述红外光输出的红外光检测器；解调检测出的红外光的解调器；和将该已解调的信号输入到上述图象信号源的装置。在本发明中配备将光笔压到屏上时，既与压力对应地进行开关，又产生与压力对应的输出的压敏装置。为了区别应描绘的图形的颜色和灰度等级，在光笔中配置发射红外线调制器，为了识别应描桧的图形的灰度等级，还配置有调制信号识别器。
按照上述这样结构，本发明有以下这样的功能。
上述压敏装置在将光笔压到屏面上时，与自然产生的压力对应地进行开关动作。而且，开关在闭合状态发射红外光。因而在已有技术中按压设置在光笔(6)侧面的按钮(601)时产生不可避免的光笔指示方向的偏离，已不再发生。从而克服了位置指示精度不足的问题。构成图形各线段开始写入和写入结束能通过将光笔的笔端向屏面开始按压和结束按压这样的很自然的操作来完成。从而解决了已有技术的操作性不良的问题。
上述红外光调制器有通过操作设置在光笔内的选择开关选择调制发射红外光的调制信号的种类的作用。调制信号的不同种类意味着不同的灰度属性、文字的粗细、颜色等。
上述调制信号识别器由红外光检测器与解调器构成，该解调器解调上述调制信号，通过鉴定某种类识别应描绘图形的灰度属性。从而能区别应描绘图形或文字粗细、颜色。
由下述参照附图的详细说明将对本发明的上述和其它目的、优点、工作方式和新颖的特征有进一步的理解。
图1是表示已有技术的结构的图。
图2示出本发明的基本实施例的结构。
图3示出图2的主要部分的详细结构的一个实例。
图4是图2的主要部分的详细结构的一个实例。
图5示出图3的变形例。
图6示出图4的变形例。
图7示出图5、图的工作说明波形图。
图8示出本发明的其它进一步变行的实施例。
图2示出本发明的基本实施例。图4标号1～7与图1中这些编号代表相同的部件。8是内装调制装置式的光笔装置，9是红外光检测装置，10是解调装置。光笔装置(8)的前端部801装有发光二极管，其后端802装有旋转开关。
图3示出光笔装置(8)的内部详细结构。
在图3中，11是发光二极管，12是电池，13是压敏开关装置，通过光笔装置(8)的前端部压到屏面上时的压力，开关动作以便成为导通状态。14是分压电阻器，15是多点择一开关(例如旋转开关)，在其输出端得到调制信号。16是电压控制振荡器，其振荡频率选定为比红外线摄像机(7)的再生速度高的值。因此，屏上显示位置检测装置(红外线摄像机7)变成与显示位置的变化速度相对应地进行检测。17是电子开关，其输入在"H"时导通，在"L"时不导通。即，16,17形成红外光闪烁频率调制装置。
将光笔用操作者的手压到屏面上时，由光笔的前端(801)，发射按与旋转开关(15)的设定位置对应的频率闪烁的红外光。该时，由于将光笔(8)压到屏面上产生的摩擦力等，能防止该显示位置像已有技术那样偏离。
图4示出红外线检测装置(9)和解调装置(10)的详细结构。图中18是光电二极管，19是电源，20是检测电流用的电阻，201是放大器，21是鉴频器，22是AD变换器，23是用以将显示色彩和灰度传送到计算机等图象信号(1)的发射机。作为发射机(23)的信号传输方式可以利用例如公知的RS-232C等的连续传输方式。
通过将图3、图4的结构组合运用，从光笔装置(8)发射以与旋转开关(15)的设定位置对应的不同频率闪烁的红外光，用由红外光检测装置(9)和解调装置(10)构成的调制信号识别装置按照该闪烁频率识别予定的对应灰度等级，并能传送到图象信号源(1)。至此结束对图3、图4的说明。
图5示出光笔装置(8)的结构的另一个实例，示出与图6相应的解调装置。
在图5中，标号11、12、13、15、16、17与图3中的这些标号代表相同的部件。17是与图3中的17相同的电子开关。25是编码器，按照旋转开关(15)的选择位置输出相应的规定的脉冲串。26是将光笔(8)压向屏面的压力，27是将压力变换成电压的压电元件。
在图6中标号9,18,19,20,201,21,22,23与图4中的这些标号代表相同的部件。28是包络线检波器，29是解码器，30是最大值检测器。
用图7所示的波形图说明图5、图6的工作。
在图7中，201是红外光检测装置(9)的输出波形，这与图5结构的光输出相似。T是脉冲串的重复周期，D是最小脉冲宽度。选定T比红外线摄像机(7)的再生周期(通常约16ms)小。电压控制振荡器(16)的振荡频率选定约为D的倒数的10倍以上。
281是包络线检波器(28)的输出波形，211是鉴频器(21)的输出波形，301是最大值检测器(30)的输出电压的振幅。波形281是用译码器(29)译码、向图象信号源(1)指示并旋转开关(15)的选择位置对应的颜色、灰度等级。振幅301是与光笔压力成比例的量，进而经22,23传送到图象信号源(1)，控制应显示的图象或文字的线段的粗细。因而一边将光笔装置(8)用力地压向屏面一边书写文字时，能写出粗的文字，反之，一边轻轻地按压一边书写文字时，能写出细的文字。
在以上实施例的说明中，示出使用红外线摄像机(7)作为屏上位置显示装置，也可以使用本发明，使与在透射式屏面上附加导电电阻膜的形式即所谓接触板方式相配合来代替它。在现有的利用导电电膜的方式中，由于红外线光笔发射的红外线调制是单一形，不能分别区分文字的粗细和颜色。图8示出该实施例。图8与图2大部分相同，只是利用透明导电电阻膜的接触板5(701)检测光笔的按压位置这点不同。因此，已检知的光笔按压位置通过信号路41输入到图象信号源装置(1)和原图象形成装置(2)。这点与在图2中由红外线摄像机7产生的位置检测信息输入到1,2相同。
本发明不但适用于配备有透射式屏的投影式显示器，而且也适用于配备有透射式屏的直观式显示器。例如也能完全适用于将背面板做成玻璃和透明导体形式的液晶板。
其它特征示于图3，图5。用多点择-开关(15)选择灰度等级和颜色时，以所选得的灰度等级的种类为5种的情况为例，其内容，例如可如白、黑、红、绿、兰对称地设定，由计算机等构成的图象信号源装置(1)能据此进行控制。进而也能同样追加擦去功能。
按照本发明解决了已有技术中光笔的位置指示精度不足和操作性不良的问题。
进而能分别区分应描桧的图形和文字的粗细。这就能使已有技术的屏上显示位置检测装置同时无矛盾地起作用。
从而特别能使应用大画面显示器的通信等非常充实和顺利。

Claims (5)

1．一种显示装置的信号输入装置，它有透射式屏和该屏上的显示位置检测装置和图象信号源，其特征在于所说的信号输入装置由发射红外光的光笔装置和红外线调制信号识别装置构成，所说的光笔装置包括：用以检测该光笔装置的前端部在上述屏上的压力的压力检测装置，和与已检知的压力对应地调制红外光的输出的调制装置；所说的红外线调制信号识别装置包括：检测上述红外光输出的红外光检测装置，解调该已检出的红外光的解调装置，和将该已解调的信号输入到上述图象信号源的装置。
2．按照权利要求1所说的信号输入装置，其特征在于上述压力检测装置还包括：在上述屏上的压力超过规定值时使其成为导通状态的开关装置。
3．按照权利要求1所说的信号输入装置，其特征在于上述调制装置的调制形式是按特定的发射红外光的闪烁频率的频率调制，其闪烁频率是比该屏上位置检测装置的再生速度高的频率。
4．按照权利要求3所说的信号输入装置，其特征在于还包括为了转换上述调制信号的频率而装在光笔装置内的多点择一开关装置。
5．按照权利要求3所说的信号输入装置，其特征在于上述调制信号的频率按光笔压力而增减。
CN95113159A 1994-12-21 1995-12-21 显示装置的输入接口装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1069801C (zh)

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