CN106969714A - A kind of method of the fine length of precise measuring - Google Patents
A kind of method of the fine length of precise measuring Download PDFInfo
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- CN106969714A CN106969714A CN201710300271.2A CN201710300271A CN106969714A CN 106969714 A CN106969714 A CN 106969714A CN 201710300271 A CN201710300271 A CN 201710300271A CN 106969714 A CN106969714 A CN 106969714A
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- optical fiber
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
Abstract
The method that the present invention discloses a kind of fine length of precise measuring, belongs to field of precision measurement.This method makes cross-correlated signal be locked to dead-center position, and then can determine the length of tested optical fiber for this principle of the integral multiple in measurement signal pulse spacing to measure fiber lengths by adjusting repetition rate.The device is made up of locked mode femto-second laser, PBS, precision displacement table, faraday rotation mirror, optical signal receiving processing module, balanced type photodetector and signal processing module.Measuring system additional optical distance length S is measured first1, between testing fiber access precision displacement table and faraday rotation mirror, interference position is adjusted to, optical path length S is measured2, then with reference to S1、S2Fiber lengths L is can be calculated with optical fibre refractivity n.Measurement accuracy can reach micron dimension, and measurement length is up to several kms.
Description
Technical field
The method that the present invention discloses a kind of fine length of precise measuring, belongs to field of precision measurement.
Background technology
High-precision optical fiber length measuring system has important application value in fiber optic communication systems.Traditional optical fiber is surveyed
Amount method mainly includes optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), probe beam deflation instrument (OFDR), light Low coherence reflectometer (OLCR) etc..
Wherein OTDR is made based on backward Rayleigh scattering and Fresnel reflection principle, is most widely to measure light at present
The instrument of fine length.OTDR advantage be measurement length up to kilometers up to a hundred, have the disadvantage that accuracy is poor, can only achieve centimetre
Magnitude.
OLCR advantage is simple in construction, and measuring accuracy is higher, up to 10 μm.Shortcoming is that dynamic range is smaller, maximum
Measurable range only has several centimetres；
The general principle of OFDR measurement fiber lengths is to use to carry out frequency modulation(PFM) to light source, then the signal on detector is clapped
Frequency can increase with the increase of scattering point distance, and the energy on detector is proportional to the scattering point size.OFDR measurement essence
Degree is higher than OTDR, can reach millimeter magnitude；Measurement range is bigger than OLCR, can be in several kms, with higher practicality.But
Requirements of the OFDR to system laser light source is very high, to there is good coherence and stability.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method of the fine length of precise measuring, it can realize that micron-sized high accuracy is surveyed
Amount and large range of measurement.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of method of the fine length of precise measuring, is comprised the following steps that：
Step 1: measurement draws the length S of additional optical distance1；
The length S of additional optical distance is realized by following device1Measurement, device includes：Femto-second laser, the first optical fiber is accurate
Straight device, polarization spectroscope, the second optical fiber collimator, the 3rd optical fiber collimator, the 4th optical fiber collimator, displacement platform, faraday's rotation
Tilting mirror, optical signal is received and processing module, balanced detector, signal processing module, and distance resolves module and tested optical fiber.
The optical signal is received with processing module by two dichroic mirrors, two condenser lenses and PPKTP frequency-doubling crystal groups
Into；
Annexation：The pulse laser that femto-second laser is sent is after the first optical fiber collimator enters optical path, warp
Cross polarization spectroscope and be divided into two-way, all the way into reference path, enter optical path, pulse after speculum reflects all the way
Laser sequentially passes through the second optical fiber collimator, the 3rd optical fiber collimator, the 4th optical fiber collimator；Displacement platform and the 4th fiber optic collimator
Device is fixedly connected, the position for adjusting the 4th optical fiber collimator, and then finds pulse laser interference point；4th optical fiber collimator
It is connected with faraday rotation mirror；The return light of optical path is returned to polarization spectroscope, and the return light of reference path is also returned
Polarization spectroscope is returned to, the return light of optical path enters light letter after merging with the return light of reference path at polarization spectroscope
Number receive and processing module；Light beam after merging is by the reflection of dichroic mirror twice by optical signal reception and processing module
PPKTP frequency-doubling crystals, produce two cross-correlated signals, and two cross-correlated signals are balanced after detector reception, according to two mutually
The intensity difference of coherent signal exports an electric signal into signal processing module, and electric signal is used as the reference of feedback adjustment, adjustment
The repetition rate of laser；Process before constantly repeating, until when the electric signal that signal processing module is received is zero, lock
The repetition rate of fixed now laser.Repetition rate value now is exported and resolves module to distance, you can light path is calculated
Length.
Step 2: measurement draws the length sum S of tested optical fiber light path and additional optical distance2；
Tested optical fiber is connected between the 4th optical fiber collimator and faraday rotation mirror；Surveyed by step one described device
Measure the length sum S of tested optical fiber light path and additional optical distance2；
Step 3: then tested optical fiber length L=(S2-S1)/n, wherein n are tested optical fiber refractive index.
Measuring principle：If testing fiber length is L, its computational methods is as follows：
L=cTf/2n (1)
Wherein TfThe turnaround time for being light pulse in testing fiber, n is testing fiber refractive index.
The measuring method of step one described device is as follows：
1. adjusting femto-second laser to mode-lock status, the repetition rate of laser is fr, its export pulse train when
Between at intervals of
Wherein l is the light path in laser chamber, and c is the light velocity in vacuum；
The pulse laser that laser is sent passes through the power point of the first optical fiber collimator, adjustment reference path and optical path
Beam ratio, makes two-way light beam reach optical signal and receives equal with the power of processing module；Enter after adjustment after optical path by inclined
The beam splitter that shakes is divided into two-way, all the way into reference path, all the way by the second optical fiber collimator, the 3rd optical fiber collimator and the 4th
Three optical fiber collimators of optical fiber collimator enter optical path, wherein the second optical fiber collimator, the 3rd optical fiber collimator are used to adjust
Whole optical path direction, is easy to light path to be aligned；
2. laser repetition rate is finely tuned to fr1, and coordinating moving displacement platform so that the 4th optical fiber collimator is located at two-way
The interference position of light；
Received and processing module 3. the light transmitted in reference path reflects laggard optical signal by speculum；
The final reflection at faraday rotation mirror of light transmitted in optical path, enters optical signal and receives and processing module；
4. the output electric signal S for passing through balanced detectordiffReference arm and the pulse delay τ on measurement road can be drawn, will
SdiffLaser repetition rate is adjusted as value of feedback, realize balance cross-correlated signal locking, repeat the above steps 1 to
6。
5. when the electric signal in step 6 is zero, lock cross-correlated signal, after locking the two-way time T of ranging burst with
The time interval t of pulse trainrMeet
T=mtr (3)
Wherein, m is positive integer.Determine that m values there are two methods：
1) when m values are than under conditions of larger, by adjusting repetition rate to fr2, next interference point is found, then m values can be with
Calculated according to following formula：
2) under conditions of m values are smaller, other measurement means bigness scale length can be used, m is calculated according to the pulse spacing
Value.
Frequency meter is locked to high-precision hydrogen clock, and the laser repetition rate value on frequency meter after reading locking；
6. resolving module 12 by distance calculates optical path length S
S=mc/2fr (5)
In formula, c=299792458m/s.
7. item tested optical fiber a length L=S/n, wherein n are tested optical fiber refractive index.
Beneficial effect
Using the high-precision feature of femtosecond magnitude pulse width itself, the precision of this method measurement fiber lengths can reach
Micron dimension, and measurement range is big, can reach several kms.
The present invention proposes a kind of optical fibre length measurement method and structure based on locked mode femto-second laser, utilizes locked mode femtosecond
The repetition rate of laser and the product in pulse spacing are equal to this fixed relationship of the light velocity to measure fiber lengths.This method is measured
As a result micron dimension can be reached, and measurement range is big, can reach several kms, contrast measuring method conventional at present, tool
There is obvious advantage, in actual applications with bright prospects.This measuring method need high-precision known fiber optic refractive index as
Measurement parameter.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of embodiment 1.
In figure：1-femto-second laser, the 2-the first optical fiber collimator, 3-polarization spectroscope, the 4-the second optical fiber collimator,
5-the three optical fiber collimator, the 6-the four optical fiber collimator, 7-displacement platform, 8-faraday rotation mirror, 9-optical signal receive with
Processing module, 10-balanced detector, 11-signal processing module, 12-distance resolves module, 13-tested optical fiber.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of the fine length of precise measuring, is comprised the following steps that：
Step 1: measurement draws the length S of additional optical distance1；
The length S of additional optical distance is realized by following device1Measurement, device includes：Femto-second laser 1, the first optical fiber
Collimater 2, polarization spectroscope 3, the second optical fiber collimator 4, the 3rd optical fiber collimator 5, the 4th optical fiber collimator 6, displacement platform 7,
Faraday rotation mirror 8, optical signal is received resolves module with processing module 9, balanced detector 10, signal processing module 11, distance
12 and tested optical fiber 13.
The optical signal is received with processing module 9 by two dichroic mirrors, two condenser lenses and PPKTP frequency-doubling crystal groups
Into；
Annexation：The pulse laser that femto-second laser 1 is sent by the first optical fiber collimator 2 enter optical path after,
It is divided into two-way by polarization spectroscope 3, all the way into reference path, enters optical path after speculum reflects all the way,
Pulse laser sequentially passes through the second optical fiber collimator 4, the 3rd optical fiber collimator 5, the 4th optical fiber collimator 6；Displacement platform 7 and the 4th
Optical fiber collimator 6 is fixedly connected, the position for adjusting the 4th optical fiber collimator 6, and then finds pulse laser interference point；4th
Optical fiber collimator 6 is connected with faraday rotation mirror 8；The return light of optical path is returned to polarization spectroscope 3, reference path
Return light is also returned to polarization spectroscope 3, and the return light of optical path and the return light of reference path are at polarization spectroscope 3
Merge laggard optical signal to receive and processing module 9；Light beam after merging is connect by optical signal twice by the reflection of dichroic mirror
Receive and be balanced detector with the PPKTP frequency-doubling crystals in processing module 9, two cross-correlated signals of generation, two cross-correlated signals
After 10 receive, an electric signal is exported into signal processing module 11 according to the intensity difference of two cross-correlated signals, electric signal is made
For the reference of feedback adjustment, the repetition rate of laser 1 is adjusted；Process before constantly repeating, until signal processing module
When 11 electric signals received are zero, the repetition rate of now laser 1 is locked.Repetition rate value now is exported to distance
Resolve module 12, you can calculate optical path length.
Step 2: measurement draws the length sum S of tested optical fiber light path and additional optical distance2；
Tested optical fiber 13 is connected between the 4th optical fiber collimator 6 and faraday rotation mirror 8；By being filled described in step one
Put the length sum S for measuring tested optical fiber light path and additional optical distance2；
Step 3: then tested optical fiber length L=(S2-S1)/n, wherein n are tested optical fiber refractive index.
Measuring principle：If testing fiber length is L, its computational methods is as follows：
L=cTf/2n (6)
Wherein TfThe turnaround time for being light pulse in testing fiber, n is testing fiber refractive index.
The measuring method of step one described device is as follows：
1. the use of tape measure bigness scale additional optical distance length m values being 9, adjust Additional passes fiber lengths and refer to brachium, showing
Balanced detector zero point is observed on ripple device and cross-correlated signal is locked.Locked laser repetition rate, is read by frequency counter
It is 192852490.500943Hz to take locking frequency value, by can be calculated zero point additional optical distance S1For 6.995326m；
2. taking one section of testing fiber, testing fiber is accessed in light path, the repetition rate of laser is adjusted and coordinates movement
7) displacement platform, balanced detector zero point is observed on oscillograph and cross-correlated signal is locked.Locked laser repetition rate, passes through
It is 192852490.500942Hz that frequency meter, which reads locking frequency value,.Repetition rate is adjusted to next interference point, passes through frequency
It is 192509336.603253Hz to count reading frequency value, and can be calculated m values by formula (4) is 562, by can be calculated measurement
Obtained optical path length S2For 436.819252m；
3. tested optical fiber length is L=(S2-S1)/n=[(436.819252-6.995326)/n] m.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method of the fine length of precise measuring, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps that：
Step 1: measurement draws the length S of additional optical distance1；
The length S of additional optical distance is realized by following device1Measurement, device includes：Femto-second laser (1), the first fiber optic collimator
Device (2), polarization spectroscope (3), the second optical fiber collimator (4), the 3rd optical fiber collimator (5), the 4th optical fiber collimator (6), position
Moving stage (7), faraday rotation mirror (8), optical signal is received and processing module (9), balanced detector (10), signal processing module
(11), distance resolves module (12) and tested optical fiber (13)；
The optical signal is received with processing module (9) by two dichroic mirrors, two condenser lenses and PPKTP frequency-doubling crystal groups
Into；
The pulse laser that femto-second laser (1) is sent is after the first optical fiber collimator (2) enters optical path, by polarization point
Light microscopic (3) is divided into two-way, all the way into reference path, enters optical path, pulse laser after speculum reflects all the way
Sequentially pass through the second optical fiber collimator (4), the 3rd optical fiber collimator (5), the 4th optical fiber collimator (6)；Displacement platform (7) and the 4th
Optical fiber collimator (6) is fixedly connected, the position for adjusting the 4th optical fiber collimator (6), and then finds pulse laser interference point；
4th optical fiber collimator (6) is connected with faraday rotation mirror (8)；The return light of optical path is returned to polarization spectroscope (3),
The return light of reference path is also returned to polarization spectroscope (3), and the return light of optical path and the return light of reference path exist
Polarization spectroscope (3) place merges laggard optical signal and received and processing module (9)；The reflection that light beam after merging passes through dichroic mirror
Twice by optical signal reception and the PPKTP frequency-doubling crystals in processing module (9), two cross-correlated signals are produced, two mutually
OFF signal is balanced after detector (10) reception, at intensity difference one electric signal of output of two cross-correlated signals to signal
Manage in module (11), electric signal is used as the reference of feedback adjustment, the repetition rate of adjustment laser (1)；Before constantly repeating
Process, until when the electric signal that receives of signal processing module (11) is zero, the repetition rate of locking now laser (1)；
Repetition rate value now is exported and resolves module (12) to distance, you can optical path length is calculated；
Step 2: measurement draws the length sum S of tested optical fiber light path and additional optical distance2；
Tested optical fiber is connected between the 4th optical fiber collimator (6) and faraday rotation mirror (8) in the device of step one
(13)；The length sum S of tested optical fiber light path and additional optical distance is measured by step one described device2；
Step 3: then tested optical fiber length is
L=(S2-S1)/n (1)
Wherein n is tested optical fiber refractive index.
2. a kind of method of the fine length of precise measuring as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step one described device
Measuring method is as follows：
1. adjusting femto-second laser (1) arrives mode-lock status, the repetition rate of laser is fr, the time of its pulse train exported
At intervals of
Wherein l is the light path in laser chamber, and c is the light velocity in vacuum；
The pulse laser that laser is sent passes through the power point of the first optical fiber collimator (2), adjustment reference path and optical path
Beam ratio, makes two-way light beam reach optical signal and receives equal with the power of processing module (9)；After adjustment enter optical path after by
Polarizing beam splitter mirror (3) is divided into two-way, all the way into reference path, all the way by the second optical fiber collimator (4), the 3rd fiber optic collimator
(6) three optical fiber collimators of device (5) and the 4th optical fiber collimator enter optical path, wherein the second optical fiber collimator (4), the 3rd
Optical fiber collimator (5) is used to adjust optical path direction, is easy to light path to be aligned；
2. laser repetition rate is finely tuned to fr1, and coordinating moving displacement platform (7) so that the 4th optical fiber collimator (6) is located at two
The interference position of road light；
Received and processing module (9) 3. the light transmitted in reference path reflects laggard optical signal by speculum；
The final reflection at faraday rotation mirror of light transmitted in optical path, enters optical signal and receives and processing module (9)；
4. the output electric signal S for passing through balanced detector (10)diffReference arm and the pulse delay τ on measurement road can be drawn, will
SdiffLaser repetition rate is adjusted as value of feedback, realize balance cross-correlated signal locking, repeat the above steps 1 to
6；
5. when the electric signal in step 6 is zero, lock cross-correlated signal, the two-way time T of ranging burst and pulse after locking
The time interval t of sequencerMeet
T=mtr (3)
Wherein, m is positive integer；Determine that m values there are two methods：
1) when m values are than under conditions of larger, by adjusting repetition rate to fr2, next interference point is found, then m values can basis
Following formula is calculated：
2) under conditions of m values are smaller, other measurement means bigness scale length can be used, m values are calculated according to the pulse spacing；
Frequency meter is locked to high-precision hydrogen clock, and the laser repetition rate value on frequency meter after reading locking；
6. resolving module (12) by distance calculates optical path length S
S=mc/2fr (5)
In formula, c=299792458m/s；
7. item tested optical fiber a length L=S/n, wherein n are tested optical fiber refractive index.
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| CN108007307A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-05-08 | 长沙湘计海盾科技有限公司 | The measuring method and measuring device of a kind of optical fiber |
| CN108801153A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-13 | 苏州六幺四信息科技有限责任公司 | Optical fibre length measurement method and measuring device |
| CN108981584A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-11 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | A kind of all -fiber dynamic absolute distance measurement device and method |
| CN109391322A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-02-26 | 珠海任驰光电科技有限公司 | A kind of middle short fiber wire jumper length-measuring appliance and measurement method |
| CN112066887A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-11 | 昂纳信息技术（深圳）有限公司 | Optical fiber length measuring system and measuring method thereof |
| CN112240744A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-19 | 中国移动通信集团浙江有限公司 | Optical fiber length calculation method, device, equipment and computer storage medium |
| CN113091617A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-09 | 电子科技大学 | Novel multimode optical fiber optical path change measuring system |
| CN114440773A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-05-06 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Optical path length determination method, optical path length determination device, signal controller, demodulation system, and medium |
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| CN109391322A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-02-26 | 珠海任驰光电科技有限公司 | A kind of middle short fiber wire jumper length-measuring appliance and measurement method |
| CN109391322B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2023-09-05 | 珠海任驰光电科技有限公司 | Device and method for measuring length of medium-short optical fiber jumper |
| CN112240744A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-19 | 中国移动通信集团浙江有限公司 | Optical fiber length calculation method, device, equipment and computer storage medium |
| CN112066887A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-11 | 昂纳信息技术（深圳）有限公司 | Optical fiber length measuring system and measuring method thereof |
| CN113091617B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-05-10 | 电子科技大学 | Multimode optical fiber optical path change measuring system |
| CN113091617A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-09 | 电子科技大学 | Novel multimode optical fiber optical path change measuring system |
| CN114440773A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-05-06 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Optical path length determination method, optical path length determination device, signal controller, demodulation system, and medium |
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