CN106966717A - 一种高压电阻及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高压电阻及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106966717A
CN106966717A CN201710278917.1A CN201710278917A CN106966717A CN 106966717 A CN106966717 A CN 106966717A CN 201710278917 A CN201710278917 A CN 201710278917A CN 106966717 A CN106966717 A CN 106966717A
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李永朋
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Abstract

一种高压压敏电阻，ZnO占原料总重量的75‑94％、Bi2O3占3‑13％、MnCO3占0.5‑2％、Co2O3占0.5‑2％、Cr2O3占1‑4％、SiO2占0.5‑2％、R2O3占0.1‑10％，其中R2O3为Pr6O11，Dy2O3，Y2O3中的一种或几种的任意比例，在高能球磨作用下球磨，再经过喷雾、造粒、成型、烧结最后制得高压压敏电阻，具有制备工艺简单、成本低，易于规模化生产的特点，且制备的材料具有高电压梯度、高非线性以及低漏电流优良的综合性能。

Description

一种高压电阻及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于材料科学领域，特别涉及一种高压电阻及其制备方法。
背景技术
ZnO压敏电阻相比SiC等其它压敏材料来说，由于其具有优良的非线性系数、良好的浪涌吸收能力以及良好的温度系数而得到越来越广泛的应用。随着电子、电力工业的发展，对电力设备的可靠性、经济性以及小型化等诸多方面的要求越来越高。高压压敏电阻的电压梯度比普通压敏电阻的高很多，可以实现相同电压下减小压敏电阻重量，减小体积和占地面积，实现轻量化、小型化。目前，避雷器所用压敏电阻不能满足避雷器小型化的性能要求。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种高压电阻及其制备方法，将稀土氧化物和复合添加剂在高能球磨下预合制备高压压敏电阻，具有制备工艺简单、成本低，易于规模化生产的特点，且制备的材料具有高电压梯度、高非线性以及低漏电流优良的综合性能。
为了达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种高压压敏电阻，其原料组成重量百分比为：ZnO占原料总重量的75-94％、Bi2O3占3-13％、MnCO3占0.5-2％、Co2O3占0.5-2％、Cr2O3占1-4％、SiO2占0.5-2％、R2O3占0.1-10％，其中R2O3为Pr6O11，Dy2O3，Y2O3中的一种或几种的任意比例。
一种高压压敏电阻的制备方法，步骤如下：
一、将占原料总重量3-13％的Bi2O3、0.5-2％的MnCO3、0.5-2％的Co2O3、0.5-2％的Cr2O3、1-4％的Ni2O3、0.5-2％的SiO2、0.1-10％的R2O3，其中R2O3为Pr6O11，Dy2O3，Y2O3中的一种或几种，比例任意，按传统ZnO压敏电阻的制备工艺对以上组分进行细磨至250目，并在700℃下预烧2小时，得到复合添加剂；
二、将步骤1中所得煅烧过的复合添加剂采用不锈钢球、尼龙罐在行星式高能球磨机上加乙醇进行高能球磨，球磨机转速为200-300转/分钟，球、粉、乙醇质量比为20：1：1，球磨5-9小时后，将浆料按传统陶瓷材料制备工艺进行除铁和干燥；
三、将步骤二中所制备的复合添加剂和300目的ZnO粉体按重量比进行混合，其中复合添加剂的用量占总量的6-25％，ZnO的用量为75-94％，用氧化锆球为球磨介质，加入原料质量2％的聚乙烯醇水溶液进行球磨1-2小时制成浆料；
四、将步骤3所制备的浆料按传统ZnO压敏电阻的制备工艺进行喷雾造粒、成型、在1000-1050℃烧结和被银电极工艺。
本发明利用复合添加剂及添加剂高能球磨预合成工艺制备的氧化锌压敏电阻，具有综合性能高，电阻范围大，性能稳定，易于产业化生产。尤其是其电位梯度得到了显著提高，因而使压敏电阻的体积小型化，能够满足高电压压敏电阻的使用要求。
其性能指标为：
电压梯度：400-700V/mm；
非线性系数：40-70；
漏电流：≤1μA。
具体实施方式
实施例一
一种高压压敏电阻，其原料组成重量百分比为：ZnO占原料总重量的85.01％、Bi2O3占5.95％、MnCO3占1.27％、Co2O3占1.82％、Cr2O3占1.75％、SiO2占0.82％、R2O3占3.38％,其中R2O3为Pr6O11。
本实施例的制备方法，步骤如下：
一、将占原料总重量5.95％的Bi2O3、1.27％的MnCO3、1.82％的Co2O3、1.75％的Cr2O3、0.82％的SiO2、3.38％的R2O3,其中R2O3为Pr6O11，按传统ZnO压敏电阻的制备工艺对以上组分进行细磨至250目，并在700℃下预烧2小时，得到复合添加剂；
二、将步骤1中所得煅烧过的复合添加剂采用不锈钢球、尼龙罐在行星式高能球磨机上加乙醇进行高能球磨，球磨机转速为200转/分钟，球、粉、乙醇质量比为20：1：1，球磨5小时后，将浆料按传统陶瓷材料制备工艺进行除铁和干燥；
三、将步骤二中所制备的复合添加剂和300目ZnO粉体按重量比进行混合，其中复合添加剂的用量占总量的14.99％，ZnO的用量为85.01％，用氧化锆球为球磨介质，加入原料质量2％的聚乙烯醇水溶液进行球磨2小时制成浆料；
四、将步骤3所制备的浆料按传统ZnO压敏电阻的制备工艺进行喷雾造粒、成型、在1000℃烧结和被银电极工艺。
本实施例所制的的电阻性能指标为：
电压梯度：550V/mm；
非线性系数：60；
漏电流：0.8μA。
实施例二
本实施例的制备方法，步骤如下：
一、将占原料总重量5.7％的Bi2O3、1.22％的MnCO3、1.75％的Co2O3、1.67％的Cr2O3、0.79％的SiO2、7.52％的R2O3，其中R2O3为Pr6O11和Y2O3，各占3.76％，按传统ZnO压敏电阻的制备工艺对以上组分进行细磨至250目，并在700℃下预烧2小时，得到复合添加剂；
二、将步骤1中所得煅烧过的复合添加剂采用不锈钢球、尼龙罐在行星式高能球磨机上加乙醇进行高能球磨，球磨机转速为300转/分钟，球、粉、乙醇质量比为20：1：1，球磨8小时后，将浆料按传统陶瓷材料制备工艺进行除铁和干燥；
三、将步骤二中所制备的复合添加剂和300目ZnO粉体按重量比进行混合，其中复合添加剂的用量占总量的18.61％，ZnO的用量为81.35％，用氧化锆球为球磨介质，加入原料质量2％的聚乙烯醇水溶液进行球磨1.5小时制成浆料；
四、将步骤3所制备的浆料按传统ZnO压敏电阻的制备工艺进行喷雾造粒、成型、在1050℃烧结和被银电极工艺。
本实施例所制的的电阻性能指标为：
电压梯度：600V/mm；
非线性系数：40；
漏电流：0.5μA。

Claims (2)

1.一种高压压敏电阻，其原料组成重量百分比为：ZnO占原料总重量的75-94％、Bi2O3占3-13％、MnCO3占0.5-2％、Co2O3占0.5-2％、Cr2O3占1-4％、SiO2占0.5-2％、R2O3占0.1-10％，其中R2O3为Pr6O11，Dy2O3，Y2O3中的一种或几种的任意比例。
2.基于权利要求1所述一种高压压敏电阻的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：
一、将占原料总重量3-13％的Bi2O3、0.5-2％的MnCO3、0.5-2％的Co2O3、0.5-2％的Cr2O3、1-4％的Ni2O3、0.5-2％的SiO2、0.1-10％的R2O3，其中R2O3为Pr6O11，Dy2O3，Y2O3中的一种或几种，比例任意，按传统ZnO压敏电阻的制备工艺对以上组分进行细磨至250目，并在700℃下预烧2小时，得到复合添加剂；
二、将步骤1中所得煅烧过的复合添加剂采用不锈钢球、尼龙罐在行星式高能球磨机上加乙醇进行高能球磨，球磨机转速为200-300转/分钟，球、粉、乙醇质量比为20：1：1，球磨5-9小时后，将浆料按传统陶瓷材料制备工艺进行除铁和干燥；
三、将步骤二中所制备的复合添加剂和300目的ZnO粉体按重量比进行混合，其中复合添加剂的用量占总量的6-25％，ZnO的用量为75-94％，用氧化锆球为球磨介质，加入原料质量2％的聚乙烯醇水溶液进行球磨1-2小时制成浆料；
四、将步骤3所制备的浆料按传统ZnO压敏电阻的制备工艺进行喷雾造粒、成型、在1000-1050℃烧结和被银电极工艺。
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