CN106965510A - 一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106965510A
CN106965510A CN201710182198.3A CN201710182198A CN106965510A CN 106965510 A CN106965510 A CN 106965510A CN 201710182198 A CN201710182198 A CN 201710182198A CN 106965510 A CN106965510 A CN 106965510A
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parts
film
layer
extruded
grass silage
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徐莺
金磊
邓子辉
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Changzhou Gaochuang Plastic Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及塑料薄膜包装技术领域，具体涉及一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜，包括依次粘附在一起的上层薄膜、中层薄膜和下层薄膜，中层薄膜组成为：聚乙烯67‑79份，乙烯‑乙烯醇共聚物15‑25份，PE‑g‑MAH 6‑8份；上、下层薄膜组成为：聚乙烯32‑42份，乙烯‑醋酸乙烯共聚物40‑53份，PIB60 4‑7份，填料5‑10份，淀粉4‑6份，爽滑剂0.01‑0.2份，光稳定剂1‑2份。本发明的薄膜的中层薄膜中引入了乙烯‑乙烯醇共聚物成分，使其与低密度聚乙烯共挤，形成具有优异氧阻隔性能的青贮膜；同时在上层薄膜中引入了填料和淀粉成分，使青贮膜的透光率低至40%以下，可抑制牧草中营养物质光照损失。

Description

一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及塑料薄膜包装技术领域，具体涉及一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着我国畜牧业的快速发展、种植结构的不断每调整、西部大开发战略的进一步实施和全国生态建设规划的逐步落实，很多地区将加大养殖业结构中草食性家畜养殖比例作为调整农业结构的重要措施，草食家畜的养殖数量逐年增加，这使得饲草的供应在冬春季出现亏缺，迫切需要储备一定量的饲草，调节当地全年草畜平衡，以利于当地畜牧业的可持续发展。
拉伸膜裹包青贮是一项先进的青饲料生产技术，在欧洲曾被称为草料收获工艺的一场革命。与其他青贮方式相比，裹包青贮具有投资少、见效快、综合效益高、青贮还节省了建窖费用和维修费用，储存方便，取饲方便，各养殖场可根据各自情况随时随地安排生产，且每批贮量应需而异，有利于运输和商品化，此外，旧拉伸膜可再利用，避免了环境污染。
牧草青贮过程的关键是保持厌氧环境，如果有空气渗入，酵母菌和霉菌就会繁殖，不但消耗青贮牧草中的糖分和乳酸，而且分解纤维素及其他细胞壁成分，产生有害的代谢物质，引起温度及PH值上升，使青贮牧草的干物质和养分都受到很大损失。膜材料的透光率也影响牧草青贮的效果，透射光可促进某些营养物质的损失，用透明的塑料薄膜作为牧草青贮膜是失败的。因此，用于牧草青贮的塑料薄膜对牧草青贮的效果起着非常重要的作用。
但是，目前市场上出售的牧草青贮薄膜存在自粘性不好、密封性差，在牧草青贮过程中容易渗入空气，导致青贮牧草的干物质和养分受到损失；并且现有的牧草青贮膜的透光率较强，透射光较多，使牧草中的营养物质加速了损失，不利于牧草的青贮。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：为了解决目前市场上出售的牧草青贮薄膜存在自粘性不好、密封性差，在牧草青贮过程中容易渗入空气，导致青贮牧草的干物质和养分受到损失；并且现有的牧草青贮膜的透光率较强，透射光较多，使牧草中的营养物质加速了损失，不利于牧草的青贮的问题。本发明提供了一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜，该薄膜的中层薄膜中引入了乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物成分，使其与低密度聚乙烯共挤，形成具有优异氧阻隔性能的青贮膜；同时在上层薄膜和下层薄中引入了填料和淀粉成分，使青贮膜的透光率低至40％以下，有效抑制了牧草中营养物质光照损失。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜，包括依次粘附在一起的上层薄膜、中层薄膜和下层薄膜，上层薄膜和下层薄膜的组成成分相同，其特征在于：
中层薄膜组成成分(重量份)为：聚乙烯67-79份，乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物15-25份，PE-g-MAH 6-8份；
上层薄膜组成成分(重量份)为：聚乙烯32-42份，乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物40-53份，PIB60 4-7份，填料5-10份，淀粉4-6份，爽滑剂0.01-0.2份，光稳定剂1-2份。
具体地，上述聚乙烯组成成分(重量份)为：线性低密度聚乙烯60-70份，低密度聚乙烯30-40份。
具体地，上述爽滑剂为芥酸酰胺或油酸酰胺。
具体地，上述淀粉为马铃薯淀粉、玉米淀粉或红薯淀粉中的一种。
具体地，上述乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物的乙烯摩尔含量为24-32％，密度为1.19-1.22g/cm3。
具体地，上述乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物的乙烯摩尔含量为24％，密度为1.22g/cm3。
具体地，上述填料为硬脂酸钙和硬脂酸锌的混合物，所述硬脂酸钙和硬脂酸锌质量比为4:1。
具体地，上述光稳定剂为光稳定剂2020。
一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)将低密度聚乙烯32-42份，乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物40-53份，PIB60 4-7份，填料5-10份，淀粉4-6份，爽滑剂0.01-0.2份，光稳定剂1-2份混合均匀，转移到三层共挤吹塑成型机的1号和3号挤出机组料斗中；
2)将低密度聚乙烯67-79份，乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物15-25份，PE-g-MAH 6-8份混合均匀，转移到三层共挤吹塑成型机的2号挤出机组料斗中；
3)同时启动1号、2号和3号挤出机组，经各个挤出机组和模具膜管吹胀而形成三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜。
具体地，上述1号和3号挤出机组的加工温度为：第一段温度170-180℃，第二段温度185-195℃，第三段温度190-200℃，模口温度180-190℃；
上述2号挤出机组的加工温度为：第一段温度165-175℃，第二段温度175-185℃，第三段温度185-195℃，模口温度175-185℃。
本发明的有益效果是：
(1)本发明提供的一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜，该薄膜的中层薄膜中引入了乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物成分，使其与低密度聚乙烯共挤，形成具有优异氧阻隔性能的青贮膜。
(2)本发明提供的一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜，同时在上层薄膜和下层薄中引入了填料和淀粉成分，使青贮膜的透光率低至40％以下，有效抑制了牧草中营养物质光照损失，并且通过EVA成分的加入，弥补了由于填料和淀粉的添加导致上层薄膜和下层薄膜的氧阻隔性能的下降，既能使上层薄膜和下层薄膜的透光率降低，又能保证上层薄膜和下层薄膜的氧阻隔性能。
具体实施方式
现在结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜，包括依次粘附在一起的上层薄膜、中层薄膜和下层薄膜，上层薄膜、中层薄膜和下层薄膜的组成成分如下表所示：
一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)按照上述实施例的比例将上层薄膜各组分混合均匀，转移到三层共挤吹塑成型机的1号和3号挤出机组料斗中；
2)按照上述实施例的比例将中层薄膜各组分混合均匀，转移到三层共挤吹塑成型机的2号挤出机组料斗中；
3)同时启动1号、2号和3号挤出机组，经各个挤出机组和模具膜管吹胀而形成三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜。
其中，1号和3号挤出机组的加工温度为：第一段温度170-180℃，第二段温度185-195℃，第三段温度190-200℃，模口温度180-190℃；2号挤出机组的加工温度为：第一段温度165-175℃，第二段温度175-185℃，第三段温度185-195℃，模口温度175-185℃。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜，包括依次粘附在一起的上层薄膜、中层薄膜和下层薄膜，上层薄膜和下层薄膜的组成成分相同，其特征在于：
中层薄膜组成成分（重量份）为：聚乙烯67-79份，乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物15-25份，PE-g-MAH 6-8份；
上层薄膜组成成分（重量份）为：聚乙烯32-42份，乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物40-53份，PIB604-7份，填料5-10份，淀粉4-6份，爽滑剂0.01-0.2份，光稳定剂1-2份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜，其特征在于：所述聚乙烯组成成分（重量份）为：线性低密度聚乙烯60-70份，低密度聚乙烯30-40份。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜，其特征在于：所述爽滑剂为芥酸酰胺或油酸酰胺。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜，其特征在于：所述淀粉为马铃薯淀粉、玉米淀粉或红薯淀粉中的一种。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜，其特征在于：所述乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物的乙烯摩尔含量为24-32%，密度为1.19-1.22 g/cm3。
6.如权利要求5所述的一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜，其特征在于：所述乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物的乙烯摩尔含量为24%，密度为1.22 g/cm3。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜，其特征在于：所述填料为硬脂酸钙和硬脂酸锌的混合物，所述硬脂酸钙和硬脂酸锌质量比为4:1。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜，其特征在于：所述光稳定剂为光稳定剂2020。
9.一种如权利要求1-8任一项所述的三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1）将低密度聚乙烯32-42份，乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物40-53份，PIB60 4-7份，填料5-10份，淀粉4-6份，爽滑剂0.01-0.2份，光稳定剂1-2份混合均匀，转移到三层共挤吹塑成型机的1号和3号挤出机组料斗中；
2）将低密度聚乙烯67-79份，乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物15-25份，PE-g-MAH 6-8份混合均匀，转移到三层共挤吹塑成型机的2号挤出机组料斗中；
3）同时启动1号、2号和3号挤出机组，经各个挤出机组和模具膜管吹胀而形成三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜。
10.如权利要求9所述的一种三层共挤牧草青贮专用膜的制备方法，其特征在于：
所述1号和3号挤出机组的加工温度为：第一段温度170-180℃，第二段温度185-195℃，第三段温度190-200℃，模口温度180-190℃；
所述2号挤出机组的加工温度为：第一段温度165-175℃，第二段温度175-185℃，第三段温度185-195℃，模口温度175-185℃。
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