CN106962947A - Combined method extracts soluble dietary fiber in potato residues - Google Patents
Combined method extracts soluble dietary fiber in potato residues Download PDFInfo
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- CN106962947A CN106962947A CN201710190963.6A CN201710190963A CN106962947A CN 106962947 A CN106962947 A CN 106962947A CN 201710190963 A CN201710190963 A CN 201710190963A CN 106962947 A CN106962947 A CN 106962947A
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- potato slag
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/04—Polysaccharides, i.e. compounds containing more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/14—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a carbohydrase (EC 3.2.x), e.g. by alpha-amylase, e.g. by cellulase, hemicellulase
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Abstract
Soluble dietary fiber in potato residues is extracted the invention discloses a kind of combined method, it is desirable to provide a kind of method that soluble dietary fiber is extracted from potato residues.It is pre-processed including potato slag, and its step is as follows:Potato slag, filtering are rinsed, a amylase, heating, stirring hydrolysis, washing, filtering is added;NaHCO is added in upward potato slag3Solution, stirring hydrolysis, filtering;The potato slag rinsed after alkali cleaning, filtering;Ultramicro grinding is carried out to the potato slag after washing;Add phytate solution, heating extraction, filtering into the potato slag handled by ultramicro grinding;The filtrate of extraction is put into centrifugation, clear liquid dialysis;Extract Jing Guo dialysis treatment is concentrated in vacuo, ethanol is added, is filtered by vacuum, is dried.The inventive method has that recovery rate is high, product holds that oily power is big, good product purity, low cost and other advantages;It is a kind of method for improving potato residues extraction soluble dietary fiber yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that soluble dietary fiber is extracted from potato residues, more particularly to one kind combination
Method extracts the soluble dietary fiber in potato residues.
Background technology
Dietary fiber is indispensable 7th nutrient of human body, is divided into insoluble diedairy fiber (IDF) and soluble meals
Eat fiber (SDF).SDF has more stronger than IDF in terms of preventing and treating colon cancer, reduction blood cholesterol levels and removing harmful substance
Physiological function.
Potato residues are to produce the accessory substance during farina, and main component has water, rill fragment, remaining starch
Particle, cellulose and hemicellulose etc..It is generally discarded at present because potato residue protein content is low, drying cost is high;Both it is unrestrained
Take resource and pollute environment again.Total dietary fiber in potato residues is up to 60% (dry weight), if can be by potato residues
Soluble dietary fiber is subject to extraction and application, can not only improve potato added value, and can also environmental protection.Natural origin meals
Soluble dietary fibre content is relatively low in food fiber, it is impossible to meets diet balance demand, need to improve soluble dietary fibre content.
At present, the IDF methods for being modified to SDF mainly there is into Physical (such as:Mechanical presses), chemical method (such as:Soda acid is anti-
Should) and bioanalysis is (such as:Enzyme reaction).The loss that acid-base method is caused to dietary fiber is larger, higher to equipment requirement;Bioanalysis work
Skill is unstable, and cost is high;And potato residues moisture content is up to 90%, stickiness is very big, be not readily separated, and mechanical presses can only will be aqueous
Amount is reduced to 80%.
The content of the invention
For drawbacks described above present in prior art, the present invention is intended to provide can in a kind of combined method extraction potato residues
Soluble dietary fiber, soluble dietary fiber rate not only that the inventive method is extracted is high, it is good to hold ability, and cost it is low,
Impurity content is few.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is pre-processed including potato slag, is comprised the following steps that:
1) potato slag pretreatment running water rinses potato slag, filtering, and a- amylase is added into filter residue in 5ug/g ratio, plus
Heat is to 60~70 DEG C, stirring hydrolysis 1h, and water displacement wash, filtering, filter residue are standby;Ensure that potato slag moisture is less than 81%;
2) alkali cleaning adds the NaHCO that concentration is 2% into above-mentioned standby potato slag by 6ml/g solid-liquid ratio3Solution, gap is stirred
Mix hydrolysis 1h, filtering;
3) washing running water rinses the potato slag after alkali cleaning, filtering;
4) ultramicro grinding carries out soybean dietary fiber with colloid mill to the potato slag after washing;
5) extraction adds pH9 phytate solution into the potato slag handled by ultramicro grinding by 8ml/g solid-liquid ratio, mixed
It is even, it is heated to 95 DEG C, extracts 1.5h, filtering takes filtrate;
6) filtrate of extraction is placed in 3000r/min centrifuge by separation dialysis separates 15min, and clear liquid is placed in bag filter
Middle dialysis 10h;
7) extract Jing Guo dialysis treatment is placed in 80 DEG C of vacuum environment by concentration is concentrated into 1/3 volume, by 1:1 body
Product mixes than adding ethanol, stands 1h;Then it is filtered by vacuum with sand core funnel, 85 DEG C of dryings.
The preferred technical solution of the present invention is:Step 5) in potato slag and phytate solution solid-liquid ratio be 1g:4ml;Using
Microwave stove heat 4min, microwave power is 650W.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention using weak base, a- amylase by adopting the above-described technical solution, remove Ma Ling
Most of impurity in potato slag, ultramicro grinding modification is carried out to potato slag, is then extracted using microwave radiation technology phytate solution chelating
Soluble dietary fiber, therefore, it is possible to improve water-soluble dietary fiber yield.Concrete analysis is as follows:
1st, a- amylase is with the addition of in pretreatment stage, therefore, it is possible to remove soluble sugar, protein, pigment in potato slag
And the most of impurity of the material such as starch, be conducive to improving the purity of product.
2nd, using weakly alkaline NaHCO3The protein (clearance is 90%) in raw material, fat is not only can remove (to remove
Rate is that 58%), and can also as far as possible reduce and Fibrinolysis and play a part of the enzyme that goes out, overcome highly basic easily cause product colour compared with
Deep, influence soluble dietary fiber yield defect.
3rd, using ultramicro grinding technique, the intermolecular hydrogen bond of dietary fiber can be not only destroyed, makes its molecular structure relatively loose
Dissipate, add water solubility, so as to improve soluble dietary fibre content;And can also largely improve soluble dietary fiber
Ability of retaining oil.
4th, using phytate as extractant, complexing of metal ion in phytic acid root and dietary fiber and change fibre structure so that
Its dissolubility can be improved, is conducive to improving the recovery rate of soluble dietary fiber.
5th, it is not only quick, easy with product yield high (47.6%), heating using ultramicro grinding combination microwave heating extraction
In temperature control, the low advantage of solvent consumption, and due to the activation of microwave, thus can improve soluble dietary fiber hold oil
Power (29.2g/g).
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the component content of dietary fiber, granularity, for the solution chemical property of extraction, concentration and
Consumption, the factor such as extraction time, Extracting temperature, the mode heated all can produce influence to final products quality, recovery rate;How
Selection technological parameter is directly connected to the technique effect of the inventive method.Obtained the following is research above-mentioned factor to extracting dietary fiber
The experiment that the influence of rate is made:
First, influence of the weak caustic solution concentration to alkali cleaning effect
The NaHCO that concentration is 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% is added into potato slag by 6ml/g solid-liquid ratio3Solution, gap
Stirring hydrolysis 1h, filtered through gauze, centrifugation determines polysaccharide, protein, fat content in filtrate.Experimental result is shown in Fig. 1~3.
As shown in Figure 1, NaHCO is worked as3When solution concentration is 2%, protein removal rate is close to maximum (90% or so);
Fig. 2 shows that fat content is relatively low in potato slag, is determined to 0.85%, selects NaHCO3When solution concentration is 2%, 58% is removed
Fat is remaining lower afterwards;From the figure 3, it may be seen that working as NaHCO3When solution concentration is 2%, the solubility of polysaccharide is minimum in filtrate.Knot
Close experimental result, NaHCO3Concentration be defined as 2%.In addition, the environment of a- amylase optimal pH 6,2% NaHCO3PH value is 8.5
Left and right, so NaHCO3The enzyme that goes out can also be played a part of.
2nd, the influence that ultramicro grinding technique is extracted to soluble dietary fiber
Ultramicro grinding is carried out by wet method with colloid mill, in triplicate;It is soluble in potato slag before and after measure ultramicro grinding respectively
Dietary fiber content.Experimental result is shown in Table 1:
Table 1:Influence of the ultramicro grinding to soluble dietary fibre content
As can be seen from Table 1, the potato slag without ultramicro grinding processing, its soluble dietary fibre content is 15.7% (dry
Base);The processing potato slag handled through ultramicro grinding, its soluble dietary fibre content is 25.4% (butt);Soluble dietary is fine
Dimension hplc improves 61.7%, illustrates that ultramicro grinding is favorably improved soluble dietary fibre content.Its reason is probably ultra micro
The hydrogen bond between close fiber molecule is destroyed in crushing process to a certain extent, makes its molecular structure relative loose, adds
It is water-soluble.
3rd, influence of the phytate pH value to extraction dietary fiber yield
It is 2,4,6,7,8,9,10 that 1% phytate solution is allocated to pH value respectively with NaOH, takes seven parts through Ultramicro-powder
Broken treated potato slag, the phytate solution of above-mentioned different pH value is separately added into by 6ml/g solid-liquid ratio, and 2h is extracted in 90 DEG C;
Soluble dietary fiber is obtained, dries and weighs and calculate yield.Experimental result is shown in Table 2:
Table 2:The yield of soluble dietary fiber under different pH
As shown in Table 2, when pH value is 9, soluble dietary fiber yield reaches maximum, and extraction effect preferably, is now planted
Acid exists with acid addition salt.Therefore the pH value of phytate solution is chosen to be 9.
4th, the influence of extraction time dietary fiber yield
It is 9 that 1% phytate solution, which is allocated with NaOH to pH value, four parts of potato slags through ultramicro grinding is taken, by 6ml/g material
Liquor ratio adds the plant acid solution for adjusting pH9, extracts 1h, 1.5h, 2h, 2.5h respectively in 90 DEG C, prepares and calculated after soluble fibre
Rate.Experimental result is shown in Table 3:
Table 3:Influence of the extraction time to soluble dietary fiber yield
As shown in Table 3, when being extracted as 1.5h, yield reaches maximum;After extraction time is more than 1.5h, recovery rate is on the contrary
Decline.It is probably overlong time, the reason for soluble dietary fiber has decomposed a part;Therefore extraction time is chosen to be 1.5h.
5th, phytic acid concentration in extraction process, solid-liquid ratio, four technological parameters of pH value and temperature are determined
With phytic acid concentration (A in extraction process:1.0%th, 0.6%, 0.3%), solid-liquid ratio (B:1:4、1:6、1:8)、pH(C:
8.5th, 9,9.5) and temperature (D:90 DEG C, 95 DEG C, 100 DEG C) four factor designs carry out L9(3 4) orthogonal experiment.Experimental result is shown in Table
4:
Table 4:The Orthogonal experiment results that phytic acid is extracted
As seen from Table 4, recovery rate declines on the contrary after Extracting temperature is more than 95 DEG C, it may be possible to which temperature is too high and makes solvable fibre
Dimension structure is destroyed, and solution viscosity increases and causes recovery rate to reduce.Because of extreme difference RA> RB> RC> RD, it is known that four factors
It is to the influence order size that soluble dietary fiber is extracted:Phytic acid concentration > solid-liquid ratio > pH > temperature.In the optimal conditions
Lower to carry out 3 groups of parallel verified experiments, soluble dietary fiber average yield is 38.5%, higher than in the orthogonal test of table 7 any one
Individual processing, illustrates the soluble dietary fiber solute effect that optimum organization is improved.In summary every experimental result, Ultramicro-powder
Potato residue after broken, with phytate solution extract soluble dietary fiber process conditions be:PH is 9 0.6% is adjusted to plant
Acid solution, by solid-liquid ratio 1:8 are made an addition to after pretreatment in the potato residues through alkali cleaning, and 1.5h, soluble dietary are extracted in 95 DEG C
The yield of fiber is up to 38.5%.
6th, the determination of microwave radiation exaraction technological parameter
Use NaHCO30.6% phytate solution is adjusted to pH9, with solid-liquid ratio (A:1:4、1:5、1:6), microwave power
(550W, 650W, 750W), heat time (2min, 4min, 6min) carry out the L of Three factors-levels9(3 3) orthogonal test.It is real
Test and the results are shown in Table 5:
Table 5:The Orthogonal experiment results of microwave radiation exaraction soluble dietary fiber
Known by table 5, the Optimizing Process Parameters of microwave auxiliary extraction are A1B2C2, i.e. solid-liquid ratio is 1:4, microwave power
650W, heats 4min.Because of extreme difference RC> RB> RA, the influence order size that three factors are extracted to soluble dietary fiber is:Plus
Hot time > microwave powers > solid-liquid ratios.Three groups of parallel verified experiments are carried out in optimal conditions, and soluble dietary fiber is average
Recovery rate is 47.6%, is handled higher than any one in orthogonal test, illustrates that optimum organization improves soluble dietary fiber molten
Solve effect.
By the extraction process of table 4, table 5 compared to as can be seen that feed liquid ratio is by 1:8 are reduced to 1:4, extraction time is by 1.5h
4min is reduced to, illustrates that microwave abstracting has product yield height, heating is quick, be easy to the low advantage of temperature control, solvent consumption.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is NaHCO3Influence curve figure of the solution to protein content clearance in potato slag;
Fig. 2 is NaHCO3Influence curve figure of the solution to fat content clearance in potato slag;
Fig. 3 is NaHCO3Influence curve figure of the solution to polyoses content clearance in potato slag.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
1) potato slag pretreatment running water rinses potato slag, double gauze filtering, to remove soluble sugar, albumen in raw material as far as possible
The materials such as matter, pigment and starch;Filter residue will be immersed in running water, and a- amylase is added into filter residue in 5ug/g ratio, plus
Heat is to 60~70 DEG C, stirring hydrolysis 1h, and water displacement wash, filtered through gauze, filter residue are standby;Ensure that potato slag moisture is less than 81%;
2) alkali cleaning adds the NaHCO that concentration is 2% into above-mentioned standby potato slag by 6ml/g solid-liquid ratio3Solution, gap is stirred
Mix hydrolysis 1h, filtering;
3) washing running water rinses the potato slag after alkali cleaning, double gauze filtering, to remove soluble sugar, a- starch
Enzyme;
4) ultramicro grinding carries out soybean dietary fiber with colloid mill to the potato slag after washing;
5) extraction adds pH9 phytate solution into the potato slag handled by ultramicro grinding by 8ml/g solid-liquid ratio, mixed
It is even, it is heated to 95 DEG C, extracts 1.5h, eight layers of filtered through gauze takes filtrate;
6) filtrate of extraction is placed in 3000r/min centrifuge by separation dialysis separates 15min, and clear liquid is placed in bag filter
Middle dialysis 10h;
7) extract Jing Guo dialysis treatment is placed in Rotary Evaporators by concentration, and 1/ is concentrated into 80 DEG C of vacuum environments
3 volumes, by 1:1 volume ratio adds ethanol, mixes, stands 1h;Then it is filtered by vacuum with sand core funnel, 85 DEG C of dryings obtain milky white
Color puffy.
After measured, using soluble dietary fiber manufactured in the present embodiment, it is 23.3g/ that its yield, which is 38.5%, hold oily power
g。
Embodiment 2
Each step be the same as Example 1;Wherein, step 5) in potato slag and phytate solution solid-liquid ratio be 1g:4ml, is used
Microwave stove heat 4min, microwave power is 650W.After measured, using soluble dietary fiber manufactured in the present embodiment, it is obtained
It is 29.2g/g that rate, which is 47.6%, hold oily power.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of combined method extracts soluble dietary fiber in potato residues, including the pretreatment of potato slag, it is characterised in that step is such as
Under:
1) potato slag pretreatment running water rinses potato slag, filtering, and a- amylase is added into filter residue in 5ug/g ratio, is heated to
60~70 DEG C, stirring hydrolysis 1h, water displacement wash, filtering, filter residue are standby;Ensure that potato slag moisture is less than 81%;
2) alkali cleaning adds the NaHCO that concentration is 2% into above-mentioned standby potato slag by 6ml/g solid-liquid ratio3Solution, gap stirring water
Solve 1h, filtering;
3) washing running water rinses the potato slag after alkali cleaning, filtering;
4) ultramicro grinding carries out soybean dietary fiber with colloid mill to the potato slag after washing;
5) extract and pH9 phytate solution added into the potato slag handled by ultramicro grinding, is mixed, heating extraction, filtering,
Take filtrate;
6) filtrate of extraction is placed in 3000r/min centrifuge by separation dialysis separates 15min, and clear liquid is placed in bag filter
Dialyse 10h;
7) extract Jing Guo dialysis treatment is placed in 80 DEG C of vacuum environment by concentration is concentrated into 1/3 volume, by 1:1 volume
Than adding ethanol, mix, stand 1h;Then it is filtered by vacuum with sand core funnel, 85 DEG C of dryings.
2. combined method according to claim 1 extracts soluble dietary fiber in potato residues, it is characterised in that:Step 5)
The solid-liquid ratio of middle potato slag and phytate solution is 1g:8ml;Heating-up temperature is 95 DEG C, extraction time is 1.5h.
3. combined method according to claim 1 extracts soluble dietary fiber in potato residues, it is characterised in that:Step 5)
The solid-liquid ratio of middle potato slag and phytate solution is 1g:4ml;Using microwave stove heat 4min, microwave power is 650W.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109275919A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-01-29 | 五邑大学 | A kind of method that microwave-assisted calgon extracts soluble dietary fiber from potato residues |
CN110771824A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-02-11 | 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 | Gracilaria lemaneiformis dietary fiber and preparation method thereof |
CN114874356A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-09 | 天津科技大学 | Method for extracting arabinoxylan from wheat bran as raw material, arabinoxylan and application |
CN115226899A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-25 | 鲁东大学 | Functional food for people suffering from hypertension and constipation and preparation method thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-03-28 CN CN201710190963.6A patent/CN106962947A/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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何国菊,等: "超微粉碎结合微波辅助提取马铃薯渣中可溶性膳食纤维", 《食品工业》 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109275919A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-01-29 | 五邑大学 | A kind of method that microwave-assisted calgon extracts soluble dietary fiber from potato residues |
CN110771824A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-02-11 | 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 | Gracilaria lemaneiformis dietary fiber and preparation method thereof |
CN114874356A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-09 | 天津科技大学 | Method for extracting arabinoxylan from wheat bran as raw material, arabinoxylan and application |
CN114874356B (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2023-02-28 | 天津科技大学 | Method for extracting arabinoxylan from wheat bran as raw material, arabinoxylan and application |
CN115226899A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-25 | 鲁东大学 | Functional food for people suffering from hypertension and constipation and preparation method thereof |
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