CN102533426A - Processing method for improving flavor and nutritional quality of colza oil - Google Patents
Processing method for improving flavor and nutritional quality of colza oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102533426A CN102533426A CN2011103676718A CN201110367671A CN102533426A CN 102533426 A CN102533426 A CN 102533426A CN 2011103676718 A CN2011103676718 A CN 2011103676718A CN 201110367671 A CN201110367671 A CN 201110367671A CN 102533426 A CN102533426 A CN 102533426A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of food processing and particularly relates to a processing method for improving flavor and nutritional quality of colza oil, which is characterized by including the following steps: (1) tempering, leading water mass content of colza oil to be in a range of 9%-20%; (2) preheating treating, performing preheating treating on tempered colza oil and adjusting preheating treating device parameters so as to lead final temperature of materials to reach 100-150 DEG C; (3) cold pressing or peeling cold pressing to obtain cold pressed colza oil crude oil; (4) degumming to obtain degummed oil; and (5) deacidifying to obtain cold pressed colza oil. The colza oil prepared with the method has good and full-bodied flavor, can remain main nutrient substances in the colza oil, such as natural vitamin E, phytosterol and colza polyphenol to the maximum limit, and remarkably improves flavor and nutritional quality of colza oil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to food processing field, relate to a kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality specifically.
Background technology
Rape is one of China's cultivated area 5 farm crop (paddy rice, corn, wheat, soybean, rape) of surpassing hundred million mu, also is the most important oil crops of China, and cultivated area is about 1.1 hundred million mu throughout the year, and about 1,300 ten thousand tons of ultimate productions occupy first place in the world.Rapeseed oil is the self-produced first vegetables oil of China, and about 4,500,000 tons of annual production accounts for more than 41% of homemade vegetables oil total amount, and dregs of rapeseed cake also is large feed protein source that potential is only second to dregs of beans.Rape is produced ensureing the effective supply of China's edible vegetable oil and feed protein matter, promotes aspects such as aquaculture and processing industry development that material impact is all arranged.
The external interdependency of China's edible oil reaches more than 60%, has had a strong impact on supply safety.Rape is the most potential oil crops of China, utilizes field plantation in winter slack rape, does not strive ground with staple food crops such as paddy rice, corns, and the effect that has kind of ground to increase soil fertility.Through improving processing technology, improve rapeseed oil and dregs of rapeseed cake quality and added value, thereby drive enterprise's synergy, increasing peasant income, be to promote the rape production development, guarantee China edible oil is supplied with the important channel of safety.
Traditional Semen Brassicae campestris system oil generally adopts and steams stir-fry, preparatory press for extracting juice, extract technology, for as far as possible thoroughly squeezing out grease, the general embryo sheet that earlier Semen Brassicae campestris is rolled embryo to 0.3~0.5mm thickness; Under the high temperature about 120 ℃, steam again and fried 30~40 minutes; Not only consume a large amount of electric power and steam, and, complicated biochemical reaction has taken place because the Semen Brassicae campestris cytoclasis is serious; Cause that the crude oil color and luster is dark, acid number and nonhydratable phospholipids content be high; Local flavor is pungent, and Oxidation of Fat and Oils is serious, follow-up must through coming unstuck, overrefinements such as depickling, decolouring, deodorization just can make product reach the relative national standards requirement.Dregs of rapeseed cake is poor as the palatability of feed simultaneously, and protein denaturation is serious and utilization ratio is low, causes the utilization of resources unreasonable.
The main refinery practice of rapeseed oil comprise come unstuck, depickling, decolouring, deodorization, dehydration etc.; Its main disadvantage shows the following aspects: used chemical reagent and some industrial auxiliary agents in (1) course of processing; More and more paying attention under the background of food quality safety now, the human consumer tends to edible without too much chemically treated green product more; (2) natural active matter loss such as the overrefinement vitamin E that causes following in the grease, plant sterol, chlorophyll, carrotenoid, phosphatide, polyphenol from rapeseed and destroy serious; The loss of these materials has influenced greasy oxidative stability on the one hand; On the other hand; In the high temperature refining process, be prone to produce oxidation, the esterification products of these natural active matters, the security of these products remains further to be studied to verify; (3) be prone to produce objectionable impurities such as trans fatty acid in the refining process.
Problem to the existence of traditional oils vegetable seed system oil; Emerged the kinds of processes technology both at home and abroad, what wherein performance was the most outstanding is decortication cold pressing oil technology, and its distinguishing feature is the pretreatment process before the minimizing squeezing; Reduce pressing temperature, improve grease and grouts quality and processing added value thereof.Yet; Because of Semen Brassicae campestris contains glucosinolate (being called for short the sulphur glucoside); Contain sulphur glucoside degraded product in the rapeseed oil product of cold pressing oil gained; Make the cold press rapeseed oil have bad flavors such as tangible dark greyish green flavor, thereby be difficult for having limited applying of Semen Brassicae campestris cold pressing oil Technology and product by being accepted in market and human consumer.
To the problem that traditional vegetable seed olein sweetening process exists, some new fat degummings technology have appearred both at home and abroad, and wherein there are comprise enzymatic degumming, the film of application prospect to come unstuck etc.Enzymatic degumming technology can be removed washing step from, have advantages such as refining yield height, oil foot oleaginousness be low, but cost is higher, does not also obtain large-scale application at present.The major advantage of film degumming technology is that operational condition is gentle, and technology is simple, reduces refining wastewater, uses limitation and mainly contains the permanent stability of membrane flux, film and clean problem such as utilization again.New depickling technology also continues to bring out, and like biological depickling, chemical resterification depickling, SX depickling, supercritical extraction depickling, membrane sepn depickling, short-path distillation depickling etc., but these technology still are in conceptual phase, not large-scale application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality, this method can be improved cold press rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: a kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1) modified: as the Semen Brassicae campestris after cleaning out to be carried out modified, make Semen Brassicae campestris moisture mass content scope between 9%~20%;
2) thermal pretreatment: the Semen Brassicae campestris after modified (complete Semen Brassicae campestris) is carried out thermal pretreatment, regulate the thermal pretreatment device parameter, make outlet temperature reach 100 ℃~150 ℃ (being the temperature of Semen Brassicae campestris in the container);
3) cold press: with the Semen Brassicae campestris airing after thermal pretreatment cooling, the directly cold pressing oil or the cold pressing oil of peeling then, centrifugal or remove by filter impurity in the cold press vegetable seed crude oil, obtain cold press vegetable seed crude oil;
4) come unstuck: cold press vegetable seed crude oil is squeezed into glue kettle; Addition by the solid degumming agent is that 1%~5% of cold press vegetable seed quality of crude oil adds the solid degumming agent; The adjusting stirring velocity is 200rpm~600rpm, and usually time is 0.5h~3h, and the temperature of coming unstuck is room temperature~65 ℃; Finish the centrifugal or filtering separation solid degumming agent in back, obtain degummed oil;
5) depickling: degummed oil is squeezed into the depickling jar, is that 1%~2% of degummed oil quality adds the solid de-acidying agent by solid de-acidying agent addition, and the adjusting stirring velocity is 200rpm~600rpm, and the depickling time is 0.5h~3h, and the depickling temperature is room temperature~65 ℃; Finish the centrifugal or filtering separation de-acidying agent in back, obtain cold press rapeseed oil (product).
The described hardening and tempering method of step 1) is: the Semen Brassicae campestris of cleaning out is delivered in the modified pot; Add water while stirring; For guaranteeing the moisture uniform distribution and further being penetrated into cell interior; Add the water continued and stir 15min~50min, stirring velocity is 50rpm~200rpm, makes Semen Brassicae campestris moisture mass content scope between 9%~20%.
Step 2) described thermal pretreatment can be used microwave oven, also can use seed-frying machine (xeothermic); When using microwave oven to carry out thermal pretreatment, with the Semen Brassicae campestris tiling, the gauge control of tiling material is at 1cm~20cm, to guarantee the microwave penetration effect; The thermal pretreatment device parameter comprises microwave power, microwave time; Range of microwave power can be selected between 30kW~300kW according to the microwave equipment processing power; The microwave time range is according to microwave equipment processing power and selected power; Can between 3min~15min, select, make the outlet temperature of Semen Brassicae campestris reach 100 ℃~150 ℃.
When using seed-frying machine to carry out thermal pretreatment; According to the requirement of material outlet temperature, to the material (Semen Brassicae campestris after modified) of seed-frying machine conveying reasonable quantity, the thermal pretreatment device parameter comprises seed-frying machine power; According to whole temperature of material and material treatment capacity; Seed-frying machine power can be selected between 40kW~150kW, and the time is 3~15min, makes the outlet temperature of Semen Brassicae campestris reach 100 ℃~150 ℃.
Step 2) described thermal pretreatment can be an intermittent type, also can be continous way, and microwave equipment, seed-frying machine recommend to adopt tunnel type micro wave stove, the cylinder seed-frying machine that uses on the suitability for industrialized production respectively.
The described cooling of step 3) is meant and under room temperature environment, makes Semen Brassicae campestris be cooled to room temperature~60 ℃; The described cold pressing oil temperature of step 3) is no more than 80 ℃.
The directly cold press of the described Semen Brassicae campestris of step 3), the back cold press of also can peeling.When peeling the back cold press, the rapeseed peeling rate can be between 80%~95%, peeling rate=(Pi Ren separates back vegetable seed benevolence weight/Semen Brassicae campestris weight) * 100%.
The described solid degumming agent of step 4) is by wilkinite; Silicate; Silicon-dioxide, four kinds of feedstock production of phosphoric acid or Hydrocerol A form, and the shared mass percent of each raw material is respectively: wilkinite 30%~60%, silicate 20%~50%; Silica 1 0%~40%, phosphoric acid or Hydrocerol A 0.1%~3%;
Solid degumming agent preparation method is: wilkinite, silicate, silicon-dioxide are pulverized respectively, and the granularity after the pulverizing is 20 orders~200 orders, then above-mentioned raw materials and phosphoric acid or Hydrocerol A is mixed, and obtains the solid degumming agent.
The described solid de-acidying agent of step 5) is prepared from basic cpd and oilseed husk as raw material, and the shared mass percent of each raw material is respectively: basic cpd 2%~35%, oilseed shell 65%~98%; Described oilseed shell is any one or the arbitrarily two or more mixing in tea seed shell, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, sunflower seed shell, castor-oil plant shell, the nut-shell, is any proportioning during any two or more mixing; Described basic cpd is any one or the arbitrarily two or more mixing in Pottasium Hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, yellow soda ash, the salt of wormwood, is any proportioning during any two or more mixing;
Described solid de-acidying agent preparation method is: the oilseed shell of cleaning out is placed dry 1h~3h under 80~110 ℃ of conditions, be crushed to 20 orders~100 orders then; Basic cpd is mixed with the solution that concentration is 5~45wt%; And add in the oil grain shell powder, ℃ following 0.5h~5h that stirs in room temperature~80, (the exsiccant temperature is 80 ℃~110 ℃ for filtration or spinning after drying; Time is 1h~3h), obtain the solid de-acidying agent.
The cold press rapeseed oil (product) of the inventive method gained adopts acid number, peroxide value, heat test to weigh its quality, and it is measured with reference to the concerned countries standard; Adopting the gas chromatography mass spectrometry method to measure cold press rapeseed oil (product) volatile flavor substance forms and content; Adopt the content of trace ingredientss such as vitamin E, plant sterol, polyphenol from rapeseed to weigh its nutritional quality; Vitamin E is formed and Determination on content adopts HPLC; Plant sterol is formed and Determination on content adopts vapor-phase chromatography, and the polyphenol from rapeseed Determination on content adopts spectrophotometry.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the complete Semen Brassicae campestris of thermal pretreatment, temperature reach 100 ℃~150 ℃, on the one hand the passivation myrosin; Reduce degraded of sulphur glucoside and cold pressing oil and be transferred to the sulphur glucoside content of degradation products in the oil; Promote the generation of Maillard reaction simultaneously, form and bake local flavor, significantly improve the local flavor of cold press rapeseed oil.
(2) roll embryo, steaming stir-fry etc. with the traditional oils vegetable seed and destroy the Semen Brassicae campestris cell earlier; Heat-treat difference again, less biochemical reaction takes place in the complete Semen Brassicae campestris of thermal treatment, can not cause acid value of lipids, peroxide value to raise basically; Phospholipids content is lower in the oil; Only need simply come unstuck to handle gets final product, and the grease color increase is also not obvious, the processing of need not decolouring.
(3) Semen Brassicae campestris that thermal pretreatment is complete can make inactivations such as lypase, lipoxygenase, avoids making greasy decomposition and enzymatic oxidn in oil and the storage, thereby improves cold press vegetable seed oil oxidation stability.In addition; Thermal treatment can make vitamin E, plant sterol, polyphenol from rapeseed etc. some to have an accompaniment stripping of physiologically active more; Thereby improve the nutritive value of cold press rapeseed oil, and these materials also have certain anti-oxidant activity, significantly improve the nutritional quality of cold press rapeseed oil.
(4) adopt solid adsorbent to come unstuck and the depickling processing, phosphatide in the oil and free fatty acids are had the selective adsorption effect, the deacidification effect that comes unstuck is good, and the neutral oil loss is little, and refining temperature is low, and energy consumption is little.
(5) in the deacidification; The acid-base neutralisation reaction occurs in the de-acidying agent surface, and the fatty acid metal salt of generation also is adsorbed in the de-acidying agent surface, and product need not washed; Not and follow-up need the decolouring and the high temperature deodorization; Therefore, kept the micro-nutrient composition in the rapeseed oil to greatest extent, kept rapeseed oil strong bake local flavor.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention not only is confined to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality, it comprises the steps:
(1) modified: as to take by weighing the 200kg Semen Brassicae campestris; Remove tramp materiaies such as soil block, stalk, metal through cleaning; Measuring the moisture mass content is 9.6%, in quality controling machine (or claiming modified pot), slowly adds tap water 4.8kg while stirring, and mass water content is adjusted to 13.0%; Add the water continued and stir 20min, stirring velocity is 100rpm.
(2) thermal pretreatment (Microwave Pretreatment): the Semen Brassicae campestris after modified is tiled on the tunnel type micro wave stove travelling belt, and thickness is 1cm, regulates microwave power to 50kW, regulates transmission belt speed, and microwave treatment Semen Brassicae campestris 6min makes the whole temperature of Semen Brassicae campestris reach 120 ℃.
(3) cold pressing oil: with Semen Brassicae campestris airing to the room temperature after the thermal pretreatment (detect the Semen Brassicae campestris water cut this moment is 5.3wt%), directly with cold pressing expeller squeezing system oil, oil outlet temperature is 55 ℃, obtains cold press vegetable seed crude oil after the spinning, is weighed as 64kg.
(4) come unstuck: cold press vegetable seed crude oil is pumped into glue kettle; Make cold press vegetable seed crude oil temperature remain on 30 ℃, add solid degumming agent 0.64kg (for cold press vegetable seed quality of crude oil 1.0%), under the rotating speed of 300rpm; The stirring 30min that comes unstuck; Degumming agent is removed in spinning, obtains degummed oil, is weighed as 63.2kg.
Described solid degumming agent is by wilkinite, silicate, and silicon-dioxide, four kinds of feedstock production of phosphoric acid form, and the shared mass percent of each raw material is respectively: wilkinite 40%, silicate 28%, silicon-dioxide 30%, phosphoric acid 2%;
Solid degumming agent preparation method is: wilkinite, silicate, silicon-dioxide are pulverized respectively, and the granularity after the pulverizing is 100 orders, then above-mentioned raw materials and phosphoric acid is mixed, and obtains the solid degumming agent.
(5) depickling: degummed oil is pumped into the depickling jar, make the degummed oil temperature remain on 40 ℃, add solid de-acidying agent 0.76kg (be degummed oil quality 1.2%); Under the rotating speed of 300rpm, stir depickling 0.5h, de-acidying agent is removed in spinning; Obtain cold press rapeseed oil (product), be weighed as 62.8kg.
Described solid de-acidying agent is prepared from basic cpd and oilseed husk as raw material, and the shared mass percent of each raw material is respectively: basic cpd 20%, oilseed shell 80%; Described oilseed shell is the tea seed shell; Described basic cpd is a Pottasium Hydroxide;
Described solid de-acidying agent preparation method is: the oilseed shell of cleaning out is placed dry 2h under 100 ℃ of conditions, be crushed to 60 orders then; Basic cpd is mixed with the aqueous solution that concentration is 30wt%, and adds in the oil grain shell powder, stir 2h down at 30 ℃, filtering separation after drying (the exsiccant temperature is 105 ℃, and the time is 2.5h) obtains the solid de-acidying agent.
The cold press rapeseed oil (product) of present embodiment gained adopts acid number, peroxide value, heat test to weigh its quality, and it is measured with reference to the concerned countries standard; Adopting the gas chromatography mass spectrometry method to measure cold press rapeseed oil (product) volatile flavor substance forms and content; Adopt the content of trace ingredientss such as vitamin E, plant sterol, polyphenol from rapeseed to weigh its nutritional quality; Vitamin E is formed and Determination on content adopts HPLC; Plant sterol is formed and Determination on content adopts vapor-phase chromatography, and the polyphenol from rapeseed Determination on content adopts spectrophotometry.
Interpretation of result: with compare without the rapeseed oil of the direct cold press of Microwave Pretreatment; Microwave Pretreatment makes type of the baking flavour substances that produces in the cold press rapeseed oil comprise 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethyl--3-ethyl pyrazine, 2; 5-dimethyl-tetrahydrofuran, phenyl aldehyde, 2-amyl furan etc.; Relative content reaches about 17%, and sulphur glucoside degraded product comprises 2, and relative contents such as 4-limonene cyanogen, 2-first generation-1-propylene cyanogen, 1-butylene lsothiocyanates have reduced more than 40%.The absorption depickling is handled and is made the product acid value be reduced to 0.4mgKOH/g by 1.68mgKOH/g, adsorbs the processing post-heating test-results of coming unstuck and is no precipitate (general phospholipids content is lower than 100ppm), and peroxide value is 0.7mmol/kg.Absorption is come unstuck after the depickling, and content of vitamin E is 69.5mg/100g in the product; Plant sterol content is 963mg/100g; Polyphenol from rapeseed content is 84mg/100g, only reduces about 20% (general four take off (hydration degum, alkali-refining deacidification, adsorption bleaching, high temperature deodorization) refining can cause the loss of above-mentioned trace nutrient and destruction to reach about 70%) before handling with the depickling of not coming unstuck.Explain that this method can improve cold press rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality, it comprises the steps:
(1) modified: take by weighing the 400kg Semen Brassicae campestris, remove tramp materiaies such as soil block, stalk, metal through cleaning, measuring the moisture mass content is 13.4%, higher because of moisture content, does not need modifiedly can carry out thermal pretreatment.
(2) thermal pretreatment (xeothermic pre-treatment): seed-frying machine drop temperature (125 ℃) and power (40kW) and heating in advance are set, Semen Brassicae campestris is delivered to seed-frying machine, open seed-frying machine, material is rolled so that homogeneous heating, the time is 5min.The actual measurement drop temperature is 122 ℃.
(3) cold pressing oil: with Semen Brassicae campestris airing to the room temperature after the thermal pretreatment (detect the Semen Brassicae campestris water cut this moment is 5.8wt%), with cold pressing expeller squeezing system oil, oil outlet temperature is 60 ℃, obtains cold press vegetable seed crude oil after the spinning, is weighed as 132kg.
(4) come unstuck: cold press vegetable seed crude oil is pumped into glue kettle; Make cold press vegetable seed crude oil temperature remain on 45 ℃, add solid degumming agent 1.98kg (for cold press vegetable seed quality of crude oil 1.5%), under the rotating speed of 280rpm; The stirring 40min that comes unstuck; Degumming agent is removed in spinning, obtains degummed oil, is weighed as 131.5kg.
Described solid degumming agent is by wilkinite, silicate, and silicon-dioxide, four kinds of feedstock production of Hydrocerol A form, and the shared mass percent of each raw material is respectively: wilkinite 38%, silicate 30%, silicon-dioxide 30%, Hydrocerol A 2%;
Solid degumming agent preparation method is: wilkinite, silicate, silicon-dioxide are pulverized respectively, and the granularity after the pulverizing is 100 orders, then above-mentioned raw materials is mixed with Hydrocerol A, obtains the solid degumming agent.
(5) depickling: degummed oil is pumped into the depickling jar, make the degummed oil temperature remain on 45 ℃, add solid de-acidying agent 2.65kg (be degummed oil quality 2.0%); Under the rotating speed of 300rpm, stir depickling 1.0h, de-acidying agent is removed in spinning; Obtain cold press rapeseed oil (product), be weighed as 130kg.
Described solid de-acidying agent is prepared from basic cpd and oilseed husk as raw material, and the shared mass percent of each raw material is respectively: basic cpd 30%, oilseed shell 70%; Described basic cpd is a sodium hydroxide; Described oilseed shell is a Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae;
Described solid de-acidying agent preparation method is: the oilseed shell of cleaning out is placed dry 2h under 90 ℃ of conditions, be crushed to 90 orders then; Basic cpd is mixed with the solution that concentration is 20wt%, and adds in the oil grain shell powder, stir 2h down in room temperature (25 ℃), filtering separation after drying (the exsiccant temperature is 110 ℃, and the time is 1h) obtains the solid de-acidying agent.
The cold press rapeseed oil (product) of present embodiment gained adopts acid number, peroxide value, heat test to weigh its quality, and it is measured with reference to the concerned countries standard; Adopting the gas chromatography mass spectrometry method to measure cold press rapeseed oil (product) volatile flavor substance forms and content; Adopt the content of trace ingredientss such as vitamin E, plant sterol, polyphenol from rapeseed to weigh its nutritional quality; Vitamin E is formed and Determination on content adopts HPLC; Plant sterol is formed and Determination on content adopts vapor-phase chromatography, and the polyphenol from rapeseed Determination on content adopts spectrophotometry.
Interpretation of result: with compare without the rapeseed oil of the direct cold press of xeothermic pre-treatment; Xeothermic pre-treatment makes type of the baking flavour substances that produces in the cold press rapeseed oil comprise 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethyl--3-ethyl pyrazine, 2; 5-dimethyl-tetrahydrofuran, phenyl aldehyde, 2-amyl furan etc.; Relative content reaches about 21%, and sulphur glucoside degraded product comprises 2, and relative contents such as 4-limonene cyanogen, 2-first generation-1-propylene cyanogen, 1-butylene lsothiocyanates have reduced more than 36%.The absorption depickling is handled and is made the product acid value be reduced to 0.8mgKOH/g by 2.14mgKOH/g, adsorbs the processing post-heating test-results of coming unstuck and is no precipitate (general phospholipids content is lower than 100ppm), and peroxide value is 0.9mmol/g.Absorption is come unstuck after the depickling, and content of vitamin E is 58.9mg/100g in the product; Plant sterol content is 876mg/100g; Polyphenol from rapeseed content is 74mg/100g, only reduces about 15% (general four take off (hydration degum, alkali-refining deacidification, adsorption bleaching, high temperature deodorization) refining can cause the loss of above-mentioned trace nutrient and destruction to reach about 70%) before handling with the depickling of not coming unstuck.Explain that this method can improve cold press rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality.
Embodiment 3:
Basic identical with embodiment 1, difference is: step 2) described thermal pretreatment is intermittent type, and Semen Brassicae campestris is placed in the microwave oven, microwave treatment conditions is set, microwave treatment 6min.
The performance of resultant cold press rapeseed oil (product) is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4:
Basic identical with embodiment 1, difference is: the described Semen Brassicae campestris of step 3) changes decortication back cold press into, and the rapeseed peeling rate is 80%, peeling rate=(Pi Ren separates back vegetable seed benevolence weight/Semen Brassicae campestris weight) * 100%.
Interpretation of result: with compare without the rapeseed oil of the direct cold press of Microwave Pretreatment; Microwave Pretreatment makes type of the baking flavour substances that produces in the cold press rapeseed oil comprise 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethyl--3-ethyl pyrazine, 2; 5-dimethyl-tetrahydrofuran, phenyl aldehyde, 2-amyl furan etc.; Relative content reaches about 25%, and sulphur glucoside degraded product comprises 2, and relative contents such as 4-limonene cyanogen, 2-first generation-1-propylene cyanogen, 1-butylene lsothiocyanates have reduced more than 60%.The absorption depickling is handled and is made the product acid value be reduced to 0.5mgKOH/g by 1.72mgKOH/g, adsorbs the processing post-heating test-results of coming unstuck and is no precipitate (general phospholipids content is lower than 100ppm), and peroxide value is 0.8mmol/kg.Absorption is come unstuck after the depickling, and content of vitamin E is 66.8mg/100g in the product; Plant sterol content is 1099mg/100g; Polyphenol from rapeseed content is 93mg/100g, only reduces about 20% (general four take off (hydration degum, alkali-refining deacidification, adsorption bleaching, high temperature deodorization) refining can cause the loss of above-mentioned trace nutrient and destruction to reach about 70%) before handling with the depickling of not coming unstuck.Explain that this method can improve cold press rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality, it comprises the steps:
1) modified: that the Semen Brassicae campestris of cleaning out is delivered in the modified pot; Add water while stirring,, add the water continued and stir 15min for guaranteeing the moisture uniform distribution and further being penetrated into cell interior; Stirring velocity is 50rpm, and making Semen Brassicae campestris moisture mass content is 9%.
2) thermal pretreatment: the Semen Brassicae campestris after modified (complete Semen Brassicae campestris) is carried out thermal pretreatment, regulate the thermal pretreatment device parameter, make outlet temperature reach 100 ℃ (being the temperature of Semen Brassicae campestris in the container);
Described thermal pretreatment is used microwave oven (tunnel type micro wave stove), and Semen Brassicae campestris is tiled in container, and material thickness is controlled at 1cm, to guarantee the microwave penetration effect; The thermal pretreatment device parameter comprises microwave power, microwave time, and microwave power is 30kW, and the microwave time is 3min.
3) cold press: with the Semen Brassicae campestris airing after thermal pretreatment cooling (under room temperature environment, make Semen Brassicae campestris be cooled to room temperature~60 ℃); Direct then cold pressing oil (the cold pressing oil temperature is no more than 80 ℃); Centrifugally remove impurity in the cold press vegetable seed crude oil, obtain cold press vegetable seed crude oil.
4) come unstuck: cold press vegetable seed crude oil is squeezed into glue kettle, is that 1% of cold press vegetable seed quality of crude oil adds the solid degumming agent by addition, and the adjusting stirring velocity is 200rpm, and usually time is 0.5h, and the temperature of coming unstuck is a room temperature; Finish back spinning solid degumming agent, obtain degummed oil;
Described solid degumming agent is by wilkinite, silicate, and silicon-dioxide, four kinds of feedstock production of phosphoric acid form, and the shared mass percent of each raw material is respectively: wilkinite 30%, silicate 50%, silica 1 9.9%, phosphoric acid 0.1%;
Solid degumming agent preparation method is: wilkinite, silicate, silicon-dioxide are pulverized respectively, and the granularity after the pulverizing is 20 orders, then above-mentioned raw materials is mixed with phosphoric acid, obtains the solid degumming agent.
5) depickling: degummed oil is squeezed into the depickling jar, is that 1% of degummed oil quality adds the solid de-acidying agent by addition, and the adjusting stirring velocity is 200rpm, and the depickling time is 0.5h, and the depickling temperature is a room temperature; Finish back spinning de-acidying agent, obtain cold press rapeseed oil (product).
The described solid de-acidying agent of step 5) is prepared from basic cpd and oilseed husk as raw material, and the shared mass percent of each raw material is respectively: basic cpd 2%, oilseed shell 98%; Described basic cpd is a calcium hydroxide; Described oilseed shell is a sunflower seed shell;
Described solid de-acidying agent preparation method is: the sunflower seed shell of cleaning out is placed dry 1h under 80 ℃ of conditions, be crushed to 20 orders then; Calcium hydroxide is mixed with the solution that concentration is 5wt%, and adds in the sunflower seed shell powder, at room temperature stir 0.5h, filtering separation after drying (the exsiccant temperature is 100 ℃, and the time is 3h) obtains the solid de-acidying agent.
Interpretation of result: with compare without the rapeseed oil of the direct cold press of Microwave Pretreatment; Microwave Pretreatment makes type of the baking flavour substances that produces in the cold press rapeseed oil comprise 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethyl--3-ethyl pyrazine, 2; 5-dimethyl-tetrahydrofuran, phenyl aldehyde, 2-amyl furan etc.; Relative content reaches about 18%, and sulphur glucoside degraded product comprises 2, and relative contents such as 4-limonene cyanogen, 2-first generation-1-propylene cyanogen, 1-butylene lsothiocyanates have reduced more than 36%.The absorption depickling is handled and is made the product acid value be reduced to 0.4mgKOH/g by 2.21mgKOH/g, adsorbs the processing post-heating test-results of coming unstuck and is no precipitate (general phospholipids content is lower than 100ppm), and peroxide value is 1.2mmol/kg.Absorption is come unstuck after the depickling, and content of vitamin E is 58.6mg/100g in the product; Plant sterol content is 1029mg/100g; Polyphenol from rapeseed content is 76mg/100g, only reduces about 15% (general four take off (hydration degum, alkali-refining deacidification, adsorption bleaching, high temperature deodorization) refining can cause the loss of above-mentioned trace nutrient and destruction to reach about 70%) before handling with the depickling of not coming unstuck.Explain that this method can improve cold press rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality, it comprises the steps:
1) modified: that the Semen Brassicae campestris of cleaning out is delivered in the modified pot; Add water while stirring,, add the water continued and stir 50min for guaranteeing the moisture uniform distribution and further being penetrated into cell interior; Stirring velocity is 200rpm, and making Semen Brassicae campestris moisture mass content is 20%.
2) thermal pretreatment: the Semen Brassicae campestris after modified (complete Semen Brassicae campestris) is carried out thermal pretreatment, regulate the thermal pretreatment device parameter, make outlet temperature reach 150 ℃ (being the temperature of Semen Brassicae campestris in the container);
Described thermal pretreatment is used microwave oven (tunnel type micro wave stove); Semen Brassicae campestris is tiled in container, and material thickness is controlled at 20cm, to guarantee the microwave penetration effect; The thermal pretreatment device parameter comprises microwave power, microwave time, and microwave power is 300kW, and the microwave time is 15min.
3) cold press: with the Semen Brassicae campestris airing after thermal pretreatment cooling (under room temperature environment, make Semen Brassicae campestris be cooled to room temperature~60 ℃); Direct then cold pressing oil (the cold pressing oil temperature is no more than 80 ℃); Remove by filter impurity in the cold press vegetable seed crude oil, obtain cold press vegetable seed crude oil.
4) come unstuck: cold press vegetable seed crude oil is squeezed into glue kettle; Addition by the solid degumming agent is that 1%~5% of cold press vegetable seed quality of crude oil adds the solid degumming agent; The adjusting stirring velocity is 200rpm~600rpm, and usually time is 0.5h~3h, and the temperature of coming unstuck is room temperature~65 ℃; Finish the centrifugal or filtering separation solid degumming agent in back, obtain degummed oil;
Described solid degumming agent is by wilkinite, silicate, and silicon-dioxide, four kinds of feedstock production of phosphoric acid form, and the shared mass percent of each raw material is respectively: wilkinite 60%, silicate 20%, silica 1 7%, phosphoric acid 3%;
Solid degumming agent preparation method is: wilkinite, silicate, silicon-dioxide are pulverized respectively, and the granularity after the pulverizing is 200 orders, then above-mentioned raw materials is mixed with phosphoric acid, obtains the solid degumming agent.
5) depickling: degummed oil is squeezed into the depickling jar, is that 2% of degummed oil quality adds the solid de-acidying agent by solid de-acidying agent addition, and the adjusting stirring velocity is 600rpm, and the depickling time is 3h, and the depickling temperature is 65 ℃; Finish after-filtration and separate de-acidying agent, obtain cold press rapeseed oil (product).
The described solid de-acidying agent of step 5) is prepared from basic cpd and oilseed husk as raw material, and the shared mass percent of each raw material is respectively: basic cpd 35%, oilseed shell 65%; Described oilseed shell is the castor-oil plant shell; Described basic cpd is a yellow soda ash;
Described solid de-acidying agent preparation method is: the oilseed shell of cleaning out is placed dry 3h under 110 ℃ of conditions, be crushed to 100 orders then; Yellow soda ash is mixed with the solution that concentration is 45wt%, and adds in the castor-oil plant shell powder, stir 5h down at 80 ℃, filtering separation after drying (the exsiccant temperature is 80 ℃, and the time is 1h) obtains the solid de-acidying agent.
Interpretation of result: with compare without the rapeseed oil of the direct cold press of Microwave Pretreatment; Microwave Pretreatment makes type of the baking flavour substances that produces in the cold press rapeseed oil comprise 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethyl--3-ethyl pyrazine, 2; 5-dimethyl-tetrahydrofuran, phenyl aldehyde, 2-amyl furan etc.; Relative content reaches about 28%, and sulphur glucoside degraded product comprises 2, and relative contents such as 4-limonene cyanogen, 2-first generation-1-propylene cyanogen, 1-butylene lsothiocyanates have reduced more than 30%.The absorption depickling is handled and is made the product acid value be reduced to 0.3mgKOH/g by 2.19mgKOH/g, adsorbs the processing post-heating test-results of coming unstuck and is no precipitate (general phospholipids content is lower than 100ppm), and peroxide value is 1.8mmol/kg.Absorption is come unstuck after the depickling, and content of vitamin E is 52.63mg/100g in the product; Plant sterol content is 829mg/100g; Polyphenol from rapeseed content is 86mg/100g, only reduces about 25% (general four take off (hydration degum, alkali-refining deacidification, adsorption bleaching, high temperature deodorization) refining can cause the loss of above-mentioned trace nutrient and destruction to reach about 70%) before handling with the depickling of not coming unstuck.Explain that this method can improve cold press rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality.
Embodiment 7:
A kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality, it comprises the steps:
1) modified: that the Semen Brassicae campestris of cleaning out is delivered in the modified pot; Add water while stirring,, add the water continued and stir 30min for guaranteeing the moisture uniform distribution and further being penetrated into cell interior; Stirring velocity is 100rpm, and making Semen Brassicae campestris moisture mass content is 15%;
2) thermal pretreatment: the Semen Brassicae campestris after modified (complete Semen Brassicae campestris) is carried out thermal pretreatment, regulate the thermal pretreatment device parameter, make outlet temperature reach 130 ℃ (being the temperature of Semen Brassicae campestris in the container);
Described thermal pretreatment is used seed-frying machine (xeothermic); Seed-frying machine (cylinder seed-frying machine) power is 150kW, and the time is 12min.
3) cold press: with the Semen Brassicae campestris airing after thermal pretreatment cooling (under room temperature environment, make Semen Brassicae campestris be cooled to room temperature~60 ℃); The cold pressing oil (the cold pressing oil temperature is no more than 80 ℃) of peeling then; Centrifugal or remove by filter impurity in the cold press vegetable seed crude oil, obtain cold press vegetable seed crude oil;
Described Semen Brassicae campestris adopts decortication back cold press, and the rapeseed peeling rate is 95%, peeling rate=(Pi Ren separates back vegetable seed benevolence weight/Semen Brassicae campestris weight) * 100%.
4) come unstuck: cold press vegetable seed crude oil is squeezed into glue kettle, is that 3% of cold press vegetable seed quality of crude oil adds the solid degumming agent by the addition of solid degumming agent, and the adjusting stirring velocity is 400rpm, and usually time is 1h, and the temperature of coming unstuck is 65 ℃; Finish after-filtration separate solid degumming agent, obtain degummed oil;
Described solid degumming agent is by wilkinite, silicate, and silicon-dioxide, four kinds of feedstock production of Hydrocerol A form, and the shared mass percent of each raw material is respectively: wilkinite 39%, silicate 20%, silicon-dioxide 40%, Hydrocerol A 1%;
Solid degumming agent preparation method is: wilkinite, silicate, silicon-dioxide are pulverized respectively, and the granularity after the pulverizing is 200 orders, then above-mentioned raw materials is mixed with Hydrocerol A, obtains the solid degumming agent.
5) depickling: degummed oil is squeezed into the depickling jar, is that 1.5% of degummed oil quality adds the solid de-acidying agent by solid de-acidying agent addition, and the adjusting stirring velocity is 300rpm, and the depickling time is 1h, and the depickling temperature is 65 ℃; Finish after-filtration and separate de-acidying agent, obtain cold press rapeseed oil (product).
The described solid de-acidying agent of step 5) is prepared from basic cpd and oilseed husk as raw material, and the shared mass percent of each raw material is respectively: basic cpd 10%, oilseed shell 90%; Described oilseed shell is the mixing of tea seed shell and nut-shell, and the quality of tea seed shell and nut-shell respectively accounts for 1/2; Described basic cpd is any one or the arbitrarily two or more mixing in Pottasium Hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, yellow soda ash, the salt of wormwood, is any proportioning during any two or more mixing;
Described solid de-acidying agent preparation method is: the oilseed shell of cleaning out is placed dry 2h under 90 ℃ of conditions, be crushed to 60 orders then; Basic cpd is mixed with the solution that concentration is 45wt%, and adds in the oil grain shell powder, stir 5h down at 80 ℃, filtering separation after drying (the exsiccant temperature is 110 ℃, and the time is 1h) obtains the solid de-acidying agent.
Interpretation of result: with compare without the rapeseed oil of the direct cold press of xeothermic pre-treatment; Xeothermic pre-treatment makes type of the baking flavour substances that produces in the cold press rapeseed oil comprise 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethyl--3-ethyl pyrazine, 2; 5-dimethyl-tetrahydrofuran, phenyl aldehyde, 2-amyl furan etc.; Relative content reaches about 32%, and sulphur glucoside degraded product comprises 2, and relative contents such as 4-limonene cyanogen, 2-first generation-1-propylene cyanogen, 1-butylene lsothiocyanates have reduced more than 48%.The absorption depickling is handled and is made the product acid value be reduced to 0.5mgKOH/g by 1.59mgKOH/g, adsorbs the processing post-heating test-results of coming unstuck and is no precipitate (general phospholipids content is lower than 100ppm), and peroxide value is 1.8mol/kg.Absorption is come unstuck after the depickling, and content of vitamin E is 62.3mg/100g in the product; Plant sterol content is 764mg/100g; Polyphenol from rapeseed content is 92mg/100g, only reduces about 20% (general four take off (hydration degum, alkali-refining deacidification, adsorption bleaching, high temperature deodorization) refining can cause the loss of above-mentioned trace nutrient and destruction to reach about 70%) before handling with the depickling of not coming unstuck.
Embodiment 8:
Basic identical with embodiment 7, difference is: step 2) seed-frying machine power is 40kW, the time is 3min, makes the outlet temperature of Semen Brassicae campestris reach 100 ℃.The performance of resultant cold press rapeseed oil (product) is identical with embodiment 7.
Embodiment 9:
Basic identical with embodiment 7, difference is: step 2) seed-frying machine power is 150kW, the time is 15min, makes the outlet temperature of Semen Brassicae campestris reach 150 ℃.The performance of resultant cold press rapeseed oil (product) is identical with embodiment 7.
Bound, interval value that the present invention is cited, and the bound of processing parameter (like temperature, time etc.), interval value can both realize the present invention, do not enumerate embodiment one by one at this.
Above embodiment is the unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only; Although the foregoing description specifies the present invention; The person skilled of this area is to be understood that: can make amendment or replacement on an equal basis to the present invention, but any modification and the local replacement that do not break away from spirit and scope of the invention all should be encompassed in the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1) modified: as the Semen Brassicae campestris after cleaning out to be carried out modified, make its moisture mass content scope between 9%~20%;
2) thermal pretreatment: the Semen Brassicae campestris after modified is carried out thermal pretreatment, regulate the thermal pretreatment device parameter, make the material outlet temperature reach 100 ℃~150 ℃;
3) cold press: with the Semen Brassicae campestris airing after thermal pretreatment cooling, the directly cold pressing oil or the cold pressing oil of peeling then, centrifugal or remove by filter impurity, obtain cold press vegetable seed crude oil;
4) come unstuck: cold press vegetable seed crude oil is squeezed into glue kettle, is that 1%~5% of cold press vegetable seed quality of crude oil adds the solid degumming agent by addition, and the adjusting stirring velocity is 200rpm~600rpm, and usually time is 0.5h~3h, and the temperature of coming unstuck is room temperature~65 ℃; Centrifugal or filtering separation solid degumming agent obtains degummed oil;
5) depickling: degummed oil is squeezed into the depickling jar, is that 1%~2% of degummed oil quality adds the solid de-acidying agent by addition, and the adjusting stirring velocity is 200rpm~600rpm, and the depickling time is 0.5h~3h, and the depickling temperature is room temperature~65 ℃; Centrifugal or filtering separation de-acidying agent obtains the cold press rapeseed oil.
2. a kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the described hardening and tempering method of step 1) is: the Semen Brassicae campestris of cleaning out is delivered in the modified pot; Add water while stirring; Add the water continued and stir 15min~50min, stirring velocity is 50rpm~200rpm, makes Semen Brassicae campestris moisture mass content scope between 9%~20%.
3. a kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: step 2) described thermal pretreatment is to use microwave oven to carry out thermal pretreatment, and with the Semen Brassicae campestris tiling, the gauge control of tiling is at 1cm~20cm; The thermal pretreatment device parameter comprises microwave power, microwave time; Range of microwave power is 30kW~300kW, and the microwave time range is 3min~15min, makes the outlet temperature of Semen Brassicae campestris reach 100 ℃~150 ℃.
4. a kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: step 2) described thermal pretreatment is to use seed-frying machine to carry out thermal pretreatment; Semen Brassicae campestris after the seed-frying machine conveying is modified, the thermal pretreatment device parameter comprises seed-frying machine power, seed-frying machine power is 40kW~150kW; Time is 3~15min, makes the outlet temperature of Semen Brassicae campestris reach 100 ℃~150 ℃.
5. a kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 2) described thermal pretreatment employing intermittent type or continous way thermal pretreatment.
6. a kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described cooling of step 3) is meant and under room temperature environment, makes Semen Brassicae campestris be cooled to room temperature~60 ℃; Described cold pressing oil temperature is no more than 80 ℃.
7. a kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that: during the described decortication cold pressing oil of step 3), the rapeseed peeling rate is between 80%~95%.
8. a kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the described solid degumming agent of step 4) is by wilkinite, silicate, silicon-dioxide; Four kinds of feedstock production of phosphoric acid or Hydrocerol A form; The shared mass percent of each raw material is respectively: wilkinite 30%~60%, silicate 20%~50%, silica 1 0%~40%, phosphoric acid or Hydrocerol A 0.1%~3%;
Solid degumming agent preparation method is: wilkinite, silicate, silicon-dioxide are pulverized respectively, and the granularity after the pulverizing is 20 orders~200 orders, then above-mentioned raw materials and phosphoric acid or Hydrocerol A is mixed, and obtains the solid degumming agent.
9. a kind of working method that improves rapeseed oil local flavor and nutritional quality according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the described solid de-acidying agent of step 5) is prepared from basic cpd and oilseed husk as raw material; The shared mass percent of each raw material is respectively: basic cpd 2%~35%, oilseed shell 65%~98%; Described oilseed shell is any one or the arbitrarily two or more mixing in tea seed shell, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, sunflower seed shell, castor-oil plant shell, the nut-shell, is any proportioning during any two or more mixing; Described basic cpd is any one or the arbitrarily two or more mixing in Pottasium Hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, yellow soda ash, the salt of wormwood, is any proportioning during any two or more mixing;
Described solid de-acidying agent preparation method is: the oilseed shell of cleaning out is placed dry 1h~3h under 80~110 ℃ of conditions, be crushed to 20 orders~100 orders then; Basic cpd is mixed with the solution that concentration is 5~45wt%, and adds in the oil grain shell powder, ℃ following 0.5h~5h that stirs filters or the spinning after drying in room temperature~80,80~110 ℃ of drying temperatures, and time of drying, 1h~3h obtained the solid de-acidying agent.
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CN112063445A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-11 | 武汉轻工大学 | Preparation process of walnut oil |
CN112662439A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-04-16 | 崔双赫 | Liquid biomass composite fuel and preparation method thereof |
CN112662465A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-16 | 湖南上优食品科技有限公司 | Processing method for enhancing flavor of rapeseed oil |
CN115216359A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2022-10-21 | 佳格食品(中国)有限公司 | Rapeseed oil with cardiovascular protection effect and preparation process thereof |
CN113845969A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-28 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Rapeseed oil and preparation method thereof |
CN113845969B (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2023-11-10 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Rapeseed oil production method and rapeseed oil |
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