CN106959425A - A kind of electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode - Google Patents
A kind of electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN106959425A CN106959425A CN201610015011.6A CN201610015011A CN106959425A CN 106959425 A CN106959425 A CN 106959425A CN 201610015011 A CN201610015011 A CN 201610015011A CN 106959425 A CN106959425 A CN 106959425A
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R33/12—Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
- G01R33/123—Measuring loss due to hysteresis
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Abstract
The present invention provides the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under a kind of D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode, and methods described includes：Step 1, total losses P of the same group of electrical sheet under identical D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode is measured with the epstein frame of two kinds of sizesnoAnd Psm；Step 2, formula is usedCalculate total Loss Ratio P of the electrical sheet under D.C. magnetic biasing operating modeloss, wherein：L is the total length of every electrical sheet；Δ L is the length difference in effective mass region of the every electrical sheet in two kinds of size epstein frames；mtFor the gross mass of electrical sheet.The technical scheme that the present invention is provided is easy to operate, it is easily achieved, the influence of the double overlapping regions magnetic flux distributions in epstein frame corner under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode and loss skewness to electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measurement result is effectively eliminated, the accuracy of measurement of electrical sheet total Loss Ratio under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of total Loss Ratio measuring method of electrical sheet, the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under in particular to a kind of D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode.
Background technology
Development and Large Copacity, the application of long range direct current transportation with high voltage dc transmission technology, the grounding electrode electric current of the DC transmission system run with the earth echo plex mode can flow through Transformer Winding by transformer neutral point, cause transformer DC magnetic bias.Transformer DC magnetic bias can cause transformer magnetic saturation, and loss, temperature rise increase trigger hot-spot, aggravation is vibrated, increase operation noise, and its harmonic wave produced can also cause system voltage wave distortion and protective relaying maloperation etc., totally unfavorable to electric power netting safe running.In terms of influence of the D.C. magnetic biasing to transformer is mainly reflected in transformer core, electrical sheet is the core material of iron core, therefore, magnetic characteristic of the research electrical sheet under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode, all very necessary to design of transformer person and power system management and construction department.
In order to realize total Loss Ratio measurement of the electrical sheet under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode, DC fields must be set up in the core.A kind of conventional method is that electrical sheet is arranged in epstein frame, introduces direct current to the excitation winding of epstein frame by series excitation mode, DC current is provided by DC current source, so as to set up D.C. magnetic field in the iron core of epstein frame.The shortcoming of this method is：Because epstein frame excitation umber of turn is 700 or 1000, the resistance to D.C. magnetic biasing ability of its iron core is smaller, if introducing direct current in series excitation mode, it is required that the electric current that DC current source is provided is very small, it is difficult to ensure the degree of regulation of DC current source.There is biasing winding of the part research staff using the coiling independence directly on the outside of epstein frame winding, by providing D.C. magnetic field with the DC current source of direct current biasing windings in series.Its problem of is, the superposition of DC bias magnetic field make it that the double overlapping regions lengths of magnetic path in square circle corner are more difficult to determine in standard square circle, under non-standard defined D.C. magnetic biasing test condition, the effective magnetic circuit length of square circle completely offsets from 0.94m as defined in international standard (IEC 60404-2) and domestic standard (GB 3655-2008).Assume that the substantial error of total Loss Ratio measurement result will be caused using inapt effective magnetic circuit length value.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above mentioned problem in the presence of prior art, the present invention provides the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under a kind of higher D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode of accuracy of measurement.
The technical scheme that the present invention is provided is：A kind of electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode, it is theed improvement is that：Methods described includes：
Step 1, total losses P of the same group of electrical sheet under identical D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode is measured with the epstein frame of two kinds of sizesnoAnd Psm；
Step 2, total Loss Ratio P of the electrical sheet under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode is calculated with equation below (1)loss：
Wherein：L is the total length of every electrical sheet；Δ L is the length difference in effective mass region of the every electrical sheet in two kinds of size epstein frames；mtFor the gross mass of electrical sheet.
It is preferred that, the length of side of the epstein frame of described two sizes is respectively 25cm and 17.5cm.
Further, the epstein frame includes in the same plane vertical connection successively to constitute four hollow arm cylinders of structure identical of rectangular frame structure；The outer surface of each hollow arm cylinder is wound with measurement winding and excitation winding successively from inside to outside；The cross section of the hollow arm cylinder is rectangle, and the electrical sheet is placed in the hollow arm cylinder in the way of double tower connects along the direction parallel to the hollow arm cylinder axis.
Further, the excitation winding is connected with one end after the primary windings connected in series of compensated with air transformer with an output end of ac current source, the other end is connected with one end of power analyzer, and the other end of the power analyzer is grounded after being connected with another output end of the ac current source；
The measurement winding is connected with one end after the secondary windings differential concatenation of compensated with air transformer with overall loss measurement circuit, other end ground connection.
Further, one end after D.C. magnetic biasing winding, the two ends shunt capacitance in parallel of the D.C. magnetic biasing winding is wound with outside the excitation winding with resistance R one end to be connected, the other end is connected with one end of choke；The other end of the choke and the resistance R other end are connected with two output ends of DC current source respectively.
Further, the excitation winding total number of turns on the side of epstein frame four that the length of side is 25cm is 680 circles, per the circle of side 170；The excitation winding total number of turns on the side of epstein frame four that the length of side is 17.5cm is 412 circles, per the circle of side 103.
Further, the D.C. magnetic biasing winding is the enamel-covered wire that cross-sectional diameter is 4mm, and its total number of turns is 50 circles.
Further, the choke is the choke coil constituted with manganese-zinc ferrite magnet ring system, and the number of turn of the choke coil is 200 circles；The external diameter of the manganese-zinc ferrite magnet ring is 62mm, and internal diameter is 38mm, high-order 25mm.
Further, the compensated with air transformer includes the pipe of insulating materials making and is wound on the armature winding and secondary windings of the pipe outer surface successively from the inside to the outside；The long 260mm of pipe, its cross-sectional diameter is 50mm；The armature winding and the secondary windings are the enamel-covered wire that cross-sectional diameter is 1mm, and the number of turn of the armature winding is 200 circles；The number of turn of the secondary windings is 427 circles.
It is preferred that, Δ L is equal to the absolute value of the difference of two kinds of size epstein frame length of sides.
Compared with immediate prior art, the present invention has following marked improvement：
1) technical scheme that the present invention is provided carries out total Loss Ratio measurement of the same group of electrical sheet under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode using the epstein frame model of two kinds of sizes, the influence because of the double overlapping regions magnetic flux distributions in epstein frame corner and loss skewness to electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measurement result under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode is effectively eliminated, the accuracy of measurement of electrical sheet total Loss Ratio under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode is improved.
2) technical scheme that provides of the present invention is easy to operate, it is easy to accomplish, using DC source degree of regulation require that relatively low parallel connection direct current source can introduce direct current, the D.C. magnetic biasing actual operating mode of electrical sheet can be simulated in square circle.
3) technical scheme that the present invention is provided applies AC magnetic field and D.C. magnetic field using controllable ac current source in parallel and DC current source for the electrical sheet in epstein frame, can analogue transformer core material under actual working state electromagnetic performance measurement, so as to provide more accurate core material total Loss Ratio data for the optimization design of transformer iron-core structure.
Brief description of the drawings
(a), (b) are structural representation of the electrical sheet in two kinds of size epstein frames in Fig. 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the epstein frame with D.C. magnetic biasing winding.
The structural representation for the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method equipment therefor that Fig. 3 provides for the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the grade electric steel piece sample D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode total Loss Ratio curve of domestic manufacturer 105.
Fig. 5 is external producer 105 grade electric steel piece sample D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode total Loss Ratio curve.
Wherein 1- encourages winding；2- D.C. magnetic biasing windings；3- measures winding；The armature winding of 4- compensated with air transformers；The secondary windings of 5- compensated with air transformers.
Embodiment
The embodiment to the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In order to thoroughly understand the embodiment of the present invention, detailed structure will be proposed in following description.Obviously, the execution of the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the specific details that those skilled in the art is familiar with.Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is described in detail as follows, but in addition to these detailed descriptions, the present invention can also have other embodiment.
The present invention provides the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under a kind of D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode, and methods described includes：
Step 1, total Loss Ratio P of the same group of electrical sheet under identical D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode is measured with the epstein frame of two kinds of sizesnoAnd Psm；
As (a), (b) are shown in Fig. 1：The size dimension of the epstein frame of two kinds of sizes is respectively 25cm and 17.5cm；Epstein frame includes in the same plane vertical connection successively to constitute four hollow arm cylinders of structure identical of rectangular frame structure；The outer surface of each hollow arm cylinder is wound with measurement winding 3 and excitation winding 1 successively from inside to outside.
It is identical to ensure the magnetic flux distribution in two kinds of size epstein frame corner bridging arrangements, epstein frame one direction magnetic saturation may be caused in view of D.C. magnetic biasing simultaneously, cause occur odd even even-order harmonic in exciting curent, the number of turn of the original excitation winding 1 of two kinds of size epstein frames and measurement winding 3 should be reduced.The side of the epstein frame four excitation total number of turns of winding 1 that (a) size dimension is 25cm in Fig. 1 is 680 circles, per the circle of side 170.(b) size dimension is the 17.5cm circle of the side of epstein frame four 1 total number of turns of excitation winding 412, every side 103 circle in Fig. 1.
As shown in Figure 2, in the uniform coiling D.C. magnetic biasing winding 2 of original measurement winding 3 and the outside of excitation winding 1 of epstein frame, D.C. magnetic biasing winding 2 is supported by cross-sectional diameter for 4mm enamel-covered wire, totally 50 circle, and the purpose is to provide DC bias magnetic field for epstein frame.
As shown in figure 3, being sequentially connected in series after direct current biasing winding is in parallel with shunt capacitance with resistance, DC current source, choke, D.C. magnetic biasing loop is constituted, D.C. magnetic field is provided for epstein frame.Armature winding 4, ac current source and the power analyzer of excitation winding 1 and compensated with air transformer are sequentially connected in series, and constitute ac circuit, AC magnetic field is provided for epstein frame.
Choke is the choke coil turned to manganese-zinc ferrite magnet ring (outer diameter D=62mm, internal diameter d=38mm, high h=25mm), and the number of turn is 200 circles.
The metallized paper capacitor that shunt capacitance is 10 μ F by 4 nominal values is formed in parallel.It is the AC electromotive force for suppressing to induce in D.C. magnetic biasing winding 2 to set shunt capacitance and the purpose of choke, prevents coupling of the AC signal in D.C. magnetic biasing loop to DC source.
Pipe that compensated with air transformer is made by insulating materials and it is wound on the armature winding 4 and secondary windings 5 of pipe outer surface successively from the inside to the outside and constitutes；The long 260mm of pipe, its cross-sectional diameter is 50mm；Armature winding 4 and secondary windings 5 are uniformly around in 240mm length；Armature winding 4 and secondary windings 5 are the enamel-covered wire that cross-sectional diameter is 1mm, and the number of turn of armature winding 4 is 200 circles；The number of turn of secondary windings 5 is 427 circles.Its access way is：The epstein frame excitation winding 1 of two kinds of sizes is connected with control compensation transformer primary winding 4 respectively accesses square circle energized circuit；The epstein frame measurement winding 3 of two kinds of sizes after the differential concatenation of control compensation transformer secondary winding 5 respectively with accessing overall loss measurement circuit.
The cross section of hollow arm cylinder is rectangle, length is put into the hollow arm cylinder of the 25cm epstein frames with D.C. magnetic biasing winding 2 for the L electrical sheet as laminated core along the direction parallel to hollow arm cylinder axis, corner is compressed with counterweight.
Alternating voltage is injected with the excitation winding 1 that ac current source is 25cm epstein frames, AC magnetic field is produced；It is the injection DC current of D.C. magnetic biasing winding 2 on 25cm epstein frames with DC current source, produces D.C. magnetic field；AC magnetic field is superimposed with D.C. magnetic field, and D.C. magnetic biasing magnetic field is formed in the iron core of 25cm epstein frames.With the total losses of electrical sheet in overall loss measurement circuit measuring 25cm epstein frames, measured value is Pno；
Above-mentioned same group of electrical sheet is put into the hollow arm cylinder of the 17.5cm epstein frames with D.C. magnetic biasing winding 2 along the direction parallel to hollow arm cylinder axis again, corner is compressed with counterweight.
Alternating voltage is injected with the excitation winding 1 that ac current source is 17.5cm epstein frames, AC magnetic field is produced；It is the injection DC current of D.C. magnetic biasing winding 2 on 17.5cm epstein frames with DC current source, produces D.C. magnetic field；AC magnetic field is superimposed with D.C. magnetic field, and D.C. magnetic biasing magnetic field is formed in the iron core of 17.5cm epstein frames.With the total losses of electrical sheet in overall loss measurement circuit measuring 17.5cm epstein frames, measured value is Psm；
Need to ensure that the magnetic flux density in the corner bridging arrangement of two kinds of size epstein frames is identical in measurement process.
Step 2, formula is usedCalculate total Loss Ratio P of the electrical sheet under D.C. magnetic biasing operating modeloss：
Wherein：L is the total length of every electrical sheet；Δ L is the length difference in effective mass region of the every electrical sheet in two kinds of size epstein frames；mtFor the gross mass of electrical sheet.
Assuming that the epstein frame total losses difference with D.C. magnetic biasing winding 2 is only relevant with its internal iron yoke length difference, the overlapping regions of i.e. two kinds size epstein frames is identical with adjacent area loss distribution situation, the iron yoke region for then producing loss difference is the stage casing region of 25cm epstein frames, the total length of every electrical sheet is represented with L, effective mass zone length difference of the every electrical sheet in the epstein frame of two kinds of sizes is represented with Δ L, Δ L is equal to the absolute value of the length of side difference of two kinds of size epstein frames, namely 25cm-17.5cm=2.5cm.Electrical sheet total Loss Ratio difference in two kinds of size epstein frames is represented by：
Pno-Psm=Pnc+Pnl-(Psc+Psl) (1)
In formula, PnoFor 25cm epstein frame total losses；PsmFor the total losses of 17.5cm epstein frames；PncFor the loss of 25cm epstein frames corner；PnlFor the loss at Epstein 25cm square circle iron yokes；PscFor the loss of Epstein 17.5cm epstein frames corner；PslFor the loss at Epstein 17.5cm square circle iron yokes.The unit of above-mentioned loss is W.
According to assumed condition, Pnc=Psc, then formula (1) can be rewritten as：
Pno-Psm=Pnl-Psl (2)
It is with the corresponding electrical sheet effective mass Δ m of formula (2) loss difference
M in formulatFor the gross mass of electrical sheet, then 25cm epstein frames homogeneous area total Loss Ratio PlossIt is expressed as：
With total losses of the method measurement same group of electrical sheet of measurement in step 1 on the different size epstein frames of above two, by the poor substitution formula (3) of total losses, the total Loss Ratio of 25cm epstein frame homogeneous areas is can obtain, the total Loss Ratio namely present invention needs the total Loss Ratio of the tested electrical sheet measured.
Below, the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method provided using the present invention carries out total Loss Ratio measurement to the electrical sheet being made of the grade electric steel material of 0.3mm specifications 105 of domestic and international two manufacturer productions, to be detected to the method that the present invention is provided：
(1) the name oriented electrical sheet material of external producer 0.3mm specifications 105 is chosen, cut 30mm × 300mm size prints and amount to 40, it is fitted into using double overlapping modes in the 25cm epstein frames for being wound with D.C. magnetic biasing winding 2, per 10, side, adjust D.C. magnetic biasing amount, when measuring operating magnetic field flux density for B=1.7T, the total losses P of 25cm epstein frames under different DC biased amountno；Same group of electrical sheet print is fitted into the 17.5cm epstein frames for being wound with D.C. magnetic biasing winding 2 using same double overlapping modes, per 10, side, the total losses P of 17.5cm epstein frames under identical operating mode is measuredsm.25cm epstein frames total losses and 17.5cm epstein frames total losses are substituted into formula (3), the total Loss Ratio that homogeneous area electrical sheet is lost in 25cm epstein frames under different DC biased amount is obtained, measurement result is as shown in Figure 4.
(2) the name oriented electrical sheet material of domestic manufacturer's 0.3mm specifications 105 is chosen, cut 30mm × 300mm size prints and amount to 40, it is fitted into using double overlapping modes in the 25cm epstein frames for being wound with D.C. magnetic biasing winding 2, per 10, side, D.C. magnetic biasing amount is adjusted, the total losses P of 25cm epstein frames when measurement operating magnetic field flux density is B=1.7T, under different DC biased amountno；Same group of electrical sheet print is fitted into the 17.5cm epstein frames for being wound with D.C. magnetic biasing winding 2 using same double overlapping modes, per 10, side, the total losses P of 17.5cm epstein frames under identical operating mode is measuredsm.25cm epstein frames total losses and 17.5cm epstein frames total losses are substituted into formula (3), the total Loss Ratio that homogeneous area electrical sheet is lost in 25cm epstein frames under different DC biased amount is obtained, measurement result is as shown in Figure 5.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention rather than its limitations; although the present invention is described in detail with reference to above-described embodiment; those of ordinary skill in the art can still modify or equivalent to the embodiment of the present invention; these any modifications or equivalent without departing from spirit and scope of the invention, are applying within pending claims.
Claims (10)
1. the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under a kind of D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode, it is characterised in that：Methods described includes：
Step 1, total damage of the same group of electrical sheet under identical D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode is measured with the epstein frame of two kinds of sizes
Consume PnoAnd Psm；
Step 2, total Loss Ratio P of the electrical sheet under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode is calculated with equation below (1)loss：
Wherein：L is the total length of every electrical sheet；Δ L is every electrical sheet having in two kinds of size epstein frames
Imitate the length difference of quality region；mtFor the gross mass of electrical sheet.
2. the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode according to claim 1；It is characterized in that：
The length of side of the epstein frame of described two sizes is respectively 25cm and 17.5cm.
3. the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode according to claim 1 or 2；Its feature exists
In：
The epstein frame includes vertically connecting identical to constitute four structures of rectangular frame structure successively in the same plane
Hollow arm cylinder；The outer surface of each hollow arm cylinder is wound with measurement winding and excitation winding successively from inside to outside；The hollow arm
The cross section of cylinder is rectangle, and the electrical sheet is placed in institute in the way of double tower connects along the direction parallel to the hollow arm cylinder axis
State in hollow arm cylinder.
4. the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode according to claim 3；It is characterized in that：
The excitation winding is connected with one end after the primary windings connected in series of compensated with air transformer with an output end of ac current source,
The other end is connected with one end of power analyzer, another output end of the other end of the power analyzer and the ac current source
It is grounded after being connected；
The measurement winding is connected with one end after the secondary windings differential concatenation of compensated with air transformer with overall loss measurement circuit, separately
One end is grounded.
5. the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode according to claim 3；It is characterized in that：
Be wound with D.C. magnetic biasing winding outside the excitation winding, after the two ends shunt capacitance in parallel of the D.C. magnetic biasing winding one end with
Resistance R one end is connected, and the other end is connected with one end of choke；The other end of the choke and the resistance R's
The other end is connected with two output ends of DC current source respectively.
6. the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode according to claim 3；It is characterized in that：
The excitation winding total number of turns on the side of epstein frame four that the length of side is 25cm is 680 circles, per the circle of side 170；The length of side is 17.5cm
The excitation winding total number of turns on the side of epstein frame four be 412 circles, per side 103 circle.
7. the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode according to claim 5；It is characterized in that：
The D.C. magnetic biasing winding is the enamel-covered wire that cross-sectional diameter is 4mm, and its total number of turns is 50 circles.
8. the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode according to claim 5；It is characterized in that：
The choke is the choke coil constituted with manganese-zinc ferrite magnet ring system, and the number of turn of the choke coil is 200 circles；It is described
The external diameter of manganese-zinc ferrite magnet ring is 62mm, and internal diameter is 38mm, high-order 25mm.
9. the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode according to claim 4；It is characterized in that：
The compensated with air transformer includes the pipe of insulating materials making and is wound on the pipe outer surface successively from the inside to the outside
Armature winding and secondary windings；The long 260mm of pipe, its cross-sectional diameter is 50mm；The armature winding and the secondary
Winding is the enamel-covered wire that cross-sectional diameter is 1mm, and the number of turn of the armature winding is 200 circles；The number of turn of the secondary windings
For 427 circles.
10. the electrical sheet total Loss Ratio measuring method under D.C. magnetic biasing operating mode according to claim 1；It is characterized in that：
Δ L is equal to the absolute value of the difference of two kinds of size epstein frame length of sides.
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