CN106958738B - A kind of cryogenic liquid storage tank with porous media - Google Patents

A kind of cryogenic liquid storage tank with porous media Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106958738B
CN106958738B CN201710113636.0A CN201710113636A CN106958738B CN 106958738 B CN106958738 B CN 106958738B CN 201710113636 A CN201710113636 A CN 201710113636A CN 106958738 B CN106958738 B CN 106958738B
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storage tank
porous media
cryogenic liquid
low
tank
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CN106958738A (en
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植晓琴
周霞
邱利民
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/04Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
    • F17C3/06Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers on the inner surface, i.e. in contact with the stored fluid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304Thermal insulations by solid means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0345Fibres

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cryogenic liquid storage tanks with porous media, and including the low-temperature storage tank tank body for storing cryogenic fluids, the porous media filler of covering cryogenic liquid is equipped in the low-temperature storage tank tank body;Porous media and wall surface thermal contact resistance are big in cryogenic liquid storage tank with porous media of the invention, reduce the influence of environment leakage heat;Accelerate fluid heat transfer in tank, slows down the synthesis speed of thermally stratified layer;Total quality is light, small to capacity impact.

Description

A kind of cryogenic liquid storage tank with porous media
Technical field
The present invention relates to cryogenic liquid storing technology field, in particular to a kind of cryogenic liquid storage with porous media Tank.
Background technique
In the pot type storage of cryogenic liquid, low temp fuel, transport process, since inevitable environment leaks heat affecting, Cryogenic liquid (liquid helium, liquid hydrogen, liquid neon, liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquefied natural gas etc.) is initially heated, temperature liter at nearly wall in storage tank It is high.The hot fluid flows up under the action of buoyancy lift, and fluid temperature (F.T.) in tank is caused to be unevenly distributed, and it is existing thermally stratified layer occur As.In the hot-fluid body region close to gas liquid film, the vaporization aggravation of interface liquid, pressure inside the tank is increased, and causes tank body great Security risk.Particularly with low temp fuel ground storage, transport and satellite launch, the fuel in rail operational process are deposited Storage, which is most severe, urgently to be solved safety problem.Therefore, invent it is a set of it is simple and reliable, can eliminate it is low The device of thermal stratification has important value in geothermal liquid storage tank.
Only have addition to rotate substantially about the method for eliminating cryogenic liquid thermally stratified layer in current published paper and patent Two kinds of blender and wall surface ribbing piece.Stirring device is by accelerating fluid flowing to make temperature in tank reach unanimity.However Any scheme that Stirring device etc. is added and needs to consume external energy, exist simultaneously mechanical moving element, is likely to bring In the challenge of safety and reliability on actual motion, especially flammable and explosive fluid under the conditions of these extreme low temperatures.
Document " Influence of wall ribs on the thermal stratification and self- Pressurization in a cryogenic liquid tank " it is studied from fin shape, material, arrangement spacing etc. Influence of the fin to thermally stratified layer.Wall surface ribbing piece then slowed down by way of destroying boundary layer wall heat flux body move up to Slow down the rate of thermally stratified layer formation.However on the one hand fin will increase the additional quality of storage tank, and reduce tank capacity;It is another Aspect also results in the increase of the leakage heat between storage tank and environment, and there are distinct disadvantages.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of cryogenic liquid storage tanks with porous media, less, additionally draw with leakage heat is additionally introduced Enter quality it is few, without additional input power and installation, the advantages that implementation method is simpler.
A kind of cryogenic liquid storage tank with porous media, including the low-temperature storage tank tank body for storing cryogenic fluids, institute State in low-temperature storage tank tank body at least partly cryogenic liquid area filling porous media filler.
The present invention by the low-temperature storage tank tank body fill porous media eliminate cold fluid and hot fluid convective heat transfer, strengthen it is cold Hot fluid is thermally conductive, to eliminate cryogenic liquid thermally stratified layer in storage tank.Porous media can be divided into porous metals, more according to material type Hole ceramics, porous plastics.
Preferably, the porous media filler is the metal porous medium of high thermal conductivity.Porous metals have many excellent spies Property, such as density is small, large specific surface area, energy absorption are good, heat exchange heat-sinking capability is high, permeability is excellent, back-fire relief, anti-thermal shock.
Preferably, the porous media filler uses metal free-fiber or wire mesh.Metal free-fiber and metal Silk screen light weight, porosity are big, and it is small to reduce influence to the increase of cryogenic liquid storage tank quality and capacity.Meanwhile porous media changes Hot coefficient and thermal contact resistance are all bigger, compare rib-type, also subtract while effectively accelerating the heat transfer of internal fluid Small environment leakage heat.
Preferably, the porous media filler is using red copper silk screen or bronze silk screen.It is generally believed that wire mesh thermal conductivity Thermal conductivity * (1- voidage) when=metal material densification, compared to stainless (steel) wire, steel wire, nickel wire net etc., metallic copper tool There is bigger thermal coefficient, therefore copper mesh has stronger heat transfer effect, can faster eliminate thermally stratified layer.
Preferably, the voidage of the porous media filler can be 0.7~0.99.Porous media voidage is bigger, then makes It is fewer that low-temperature storage tank additionally introduces quality, volumetric loss.
When quality, the Capacity design to storage tank are more demanding, then equidistant interval arrangement can be used or adherent be circular layout Mode.Preferably, the porous media filler is equipped with multilayer, is spaced apart in low-temperature storage tank tank body.Equidistant interval arrangement Mode accelerate the heat of hot fluid at wall surface and transmitted to the center of circle, and slow down flowing up for hot fluid to a certain extent, Reduce the degree of fluid or more thermally stratified layer.It is adherent to be circular layout, heat can be made to uniformly transfer up and down, to eliminate thermally stratified layer shape At.
Preferably, the porous media filler is 5~10 layers, and the piece number contained by every layer is 100~400, all layers total The ratio 0.1 of the ratio 0.1~0.4 of thickness and low-temperature storage tank tank body height, spacing distance and low-temperature storage tank tank body height~ 0.2.Storage tank thermally stratified layer degree is original 0.01~0.1 at this time, effectively weakens thermally stratified layer degree.
It is further preferred that it is 0.3~0.7m that the low-temperature storage tank selected, which is diameter, the cylindrical tube of 0.8~1.2m of height Body, according to 0.05~0.2mm of brass wire diameter that market is common, the copper mesh of 15~25 mesh, porosity is 0.9~0.99, often Piece copper wire thickness of net is about 0.15~0.25mm, at this time the total the piece number of the porous media filler 500~2000, in low-temperature storage tank Interior number of plies range is 5~10 layers, and the piece number contained by every layer is 100~400, copper mesh overall thickness and low-temperature storage tank tank body height Ratio 0.1~0.4, the ratio 0.1~0.2 of spacing distance and low-temperature storage tank tank body height.
Preferably, the porous media filler is adherent is circular layout in low-temperature storage tank inner tank wall.It is adherent to be circular layout Mode then destroys thermal boundary layer, can effectively prevent hot fluid to flowing at gas liquid film.
Preferably, the ratio between the overall thickness of the adherent ring structure of porous media filler and low-temperature storage tank tank diameter are 0.02~0.2.Storage tank thermally stratified layer degree is original 0.01~0.1 at this time, has good inhibitory effect to storage tank thermally stratified layer.Into One step is preferred, and the low-temperature storage tank of selection is that diameter is 0.3~0.7m, the cylindrical tube of 0.8~1.2m of height, according to city Common 0.05~the 0.2mm of brass wire diameter in face, the copper mesh of 15~25 mesh, porosity are 0.9~0.99, every copper wire thickness of net About 0.15~0.25mm.
Preferably, the porous media filler uniformly fills cryogenic liquid region in the low-temperature storage tank tank body.Full storage The arrangement that tank is uniformly filled can also destroy wall surface thermal boundary layer while the heat transmitting for accelerating internal fluid, reach good The effect of good inhibition thermally stratified layer.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Porous media and wall surface thermal contact resistance are big in cryogenic liquid storage tank with porous media of the invention, reduce environment Leak the influence of heat;Accelerate fluid heat transfer in tank, slows down the synthesis speed of thermally stratified layer;Total quality is light, small to capacity impact.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the cryogenic liquid storage tank of the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the cryogenic liquid storage tank wall surface ribbing of the prior art.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of Stirring device built in the cryogenic liquid storage tank of the prior art.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the cryogenic liquid storage tank of embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the cryogenic liquid storage tank of embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 is cross-sectional view of the Fig. 5 on the direction A-A.
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of 3 cryogenic liquid storage tank of embodiment.
Wherein:
1. low-temperature storage tank tank body;2. porous media filler;3. cryogenic liquid;4. fin;5. Stirring device.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, have in the cryogenic liquid storage tank of the prior art ribbing structure and built-in Stirring device Structure eliminates cryogenic liquid thermally stratified layer to reduce cryogenic liquid storage tank.
In Fig. 1, cryogenic liquid storage tank includes the cryogenic liquid 3 of low-temperature storage tank tank body 1 and filling.In Fig. 2, low-temperature storage tank Fin 4 is equipped in tank body 1.In Fig. 3, Stirring device 5 is equipped in low-temperature storage tank tank body 1.
As shown in figure 4, the cryogenic liquid storage tank of the present embodiment include: low-temperature storage tank tank body 1, filling cryogenic liquid 3 with And porous media filler 2.
In the present embodiment, low-temperature storage tank tank body 1 is made of upper and lower ellipsoidal head and cylindrical tube, porous media filler 2 are only placed in cryogenic liquid 3, do not consider end socket part and do not have the storage tank drum top gas pillow region of liquid fill.
Low-temperature storage tank tank body 1 shell portion internal diameter 0.5m, high 1m.
In the present embodiment, porous media filler 2 uses wire diameter sizes 0.1mm, 20 mesh, the metallic copper wire of porosity 0.94 Net, if being of five storeys, every number of lamina is 200, is spaced apart in low-temperature storage tank tank body 1, every layer of screen thickness and low-temperature storage tank tank The ratio of body height is 1:25, the ratio 1:6 of spacing distance and low-temperature storage tank tank body height.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is all same as Example 1 other than the structure of porous media filler 2.
As it can be seen in figures 5 and 6, the porous media filler 2 of the present embodiment uses diameter 0.1mm, 20 mesh, the gold of porosity 0.94 Belong to copper mesh, it is adherent to be circular layout on 1 inner wall of low-temperature storage tank tank body.
The adherent ring structure the piece number of porous media filler 2 is 100, the ratio between silk screen overall thickness and low-temperature storage tank tank diameter For 1:25.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is all same as Example 1 other than the structure of porous media filler 2.
As shown in fig. 7, the diameter 0.1mm that the porous media filler 2 of the present embodiment is common using market, 20 mesh, porosity 0.94 copper mesh.Metallic copper silk screen uniformly fills cryogenic liquid 3.
Embodiment 3 and the prior art are compared into test:
1 shell portion internal diameter 0.5m of low-temperature storage tank tank body, high 1m, 3 shell portion liquid level of cryogenic liquid is 0.5m.It is more 2 material selection diameter 0.1mm of hole medium, 20 mesh, the metallic copper silk screen of porosity 0.94.Compare the prior art and implementation in this example The thermally stratified layer degree of cryogenic liquid 3 in example 3 can regard about 3 liquid level temperature difference of cryogenic liquid as, and end socket part does not influence to compare As a result, only calculating cryogenic liquid 3 herein in the temperature difference up and down of 1 shell portion of low-temperature storage tank tank body.Take Fig. 1 middle cylinder body part low About 3 liquid level temperature difference of geothermal liquid is 0.2071K, and
Substitute into data dT=-0.2071, (liquid hydrogen is flat when temperature is 18-25K at 1 atmosphere pressure by λ=0.1W/mK Equal thermal coefficient), dx=0.5 obtains q=0.04142W.Full storage tank uniformly fills metallic copper wire in the low-temperature liquid storage tank of embodiment 3 When net, The thermal coefficient of copper is λ when checking in 18-25KCopper mesh= 872W/mK, at this time λ1=52.414/K, dT1=-0.000395.And the prior art uses the elimination thermally stratified layer of fin arrangement Best effects are dT2=-0.0471, the fin is straight-flanked ring rib, rib high 0.05m, rib width 0.05m, rib spacing at this time 0.08m.The material of rib is aluminium.Low-temperature storage tank tank body 1 loses volume
Additional mass
It can thus be seen that thermally stratified layer degree is only the 0.19% of pure storage of liquid hydrogen, conventional fin using porous copper mesh 0.83%, additionally introduce quality and be slightly smaller than fin, but volumetric loss only has the 27.78% of fin, preferably reduce heat point It is small on tank volume loss influence while layer degree, it has a clear superiority.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, although referring to aforementioned reality Applying example, invention is explained in detail, for those skilled in the art, still can be to aforementioned each implementation Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.It is all in essence of the invention Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of cryogenic liquid storage tank with porous media, special including the low-temperature storage tank tank body for storing cryogenic fluids Sign is, at least partly cryogenic liquid area filling porous media filler in the low-temperature storage tank tank body;
The porous media filler is adherent to be circular layout in low-temperature storage tank inner tank wall;
The porous media filler is 5~10 layers, and the piece number contained by every layer is 100~400, and all layers of overall thickness and low temperature is stored up The ratio 0.1~0.4 of tank height, the ratio 0.1~0.2 of spacing distance and low-temperature storage tank tank body height.
2. having the cryogenic liquid storage tank of porous media as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the porous media filler For the metal porous medium of high thermal conductivity.
3. having the cryogenic liquid storage tank of porous media as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the porous media filler Using metal free-fiber or wire mesh.
4. having the cryogenic liquid storage tank of porous media as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the porous media filler Using red copper silk screen or bronze silk screen.
5. having the cryogenic liquid storage tank of porous media as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the porous media filler Voidage can be 0.7~0.99.
6. having the cryogenic liquid storage tank of porous media as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the porous media filler The ratio between the overall thickness of adherent ring structure and low-temperature storage tank tank diameter are 0.02~0.2.
CN201710113636.0A 2017-02-28 2017-02-28 A kind of cryogenic liquid storage tank with porous media Active CN106958738B (en)

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WO2019218143A1 (en) * 2018-05-15 2019-11-21 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 Method and device for filling dry-type dewar flask

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004286177A (en) * 2003-03-25 2004-10-14 Toyota Motor Corp Gas storage tank, and method for manufacturing the same
CN101507027A (en) * 2006-06-23 2009-08-12 昂斯特罗姆动力公司 Fluid enclosure and methods related thereto
CN103759134A (en) * 2007-12-10 2014-04-30 科学研究国家中心 Hydrogen storage tank

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6709497B2 (en) * 2002-05-09 2004-03-23 Texaco Ovonic Hydrogen Systems Llc Honeycomb hydrogen storage structure

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004286177A (en) * 2003-03-25 2004-10-14 Toyota Motor Corp Gas storage tank, and method for manufacturing the same
CN101507027A (en) * 2006-06-23 2009-08-12 昂斯特罗姆动力公司 Fluid enclosure and methods related thereto
CN103759134A (en) * 2007-12-10 2014-04-30 科学研究国家中心 Hydrogen storage tank

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