CN106956004A - High stability Zn4Sb3Thermoelectric composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High stability Zn4Sb3Thermoelectric composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106956004A
CN106956004A CN201710098786.9A CN201710098786A CN106956004A CN 106956004 A CN106956004 A CN 106956004A CN 201710098786 A CN201710098786 A CN 201710098786A CN 106956004 A CN106956004 A CN 106956004A
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preparation
salt solution
inorganic salt
sintering
little particle
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CN201710098786.9A
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CN106956004B (en
Inventor
林建平
陈偲
郑中华
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Xiamen University of Technology
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Xiamen University of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/14Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/14Treatment of metallic powder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/105Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10NELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/01Manufacture or treatment
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10NELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/80Constructional details
    • H10N10/85Thermoelectric active materials
    • H10N10/851Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions
    • H10N10/853Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions comprising arsenic, antimony or bismuth
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/105Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • B22F2003/1051Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by electric discharge
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of Zn with high stability4Sb3The preparation method of thermoelectric composite material, including:1) by Zn4Sb3Block materials are ground;2) inorganic salt solution is prepared;3) by step 1) the middle Zn obtained4Sb3Little particle and step 2) prepare inorganic salt solution mix;4) by step 3) obtain the Zn containing inorganic salt solution4Sb3Little particle is dried;5) by step 4) the little particle sintering that obtains, obtain compact block, that is, obtain the Zn that structural stability is improved4Sb3Thermoelectric material.The present invention also provides a kind of Zn obtained by the above method4Sb3Thermoelectric composite material.

Description

High stability Zn4Sb3Thermoelectric composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
Belong to new energy materialses field the present invention relates to one kind, more particularly to a kind of high stability Zn4Sb3Compound thermoelectricity material Material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In traditional energy consumption process, up to 60% energy is converted for heat, wherein substantial amounts of heat is with used heat Form slattern.This waste not only causes greenhouse effects, and causes serious problem of environmental pollution, and research can The environmentally friendly new energy of replacement is just causing the attention of various countries.Thermoelectric material can realize the direct mutual conversion of heat energy and electric energy, And can be the effective means of alleviating energy crisis using low-temperature heat source in industrial waste heat, underground heat etc. come the direct generation of electricity.Its nothing Need moving component, dependable performance long lifespan, it is easy to precise control and pollution-free, in terms of space flight, military affairs, life, industry just Increasingly it is widely applied.Zn4Sb3It is one of most potential thermoelectric material of middle warm area, it can be with 670K or so ZT values Reach 1.3.With other PbTe, Bi2Te3Contour performance thermoelectric material is compared, Zn4Sb3Material component Zn and Sb reserves on earth Relative abundance and pollution-free to environment.As the thermoelectric material of excellent performance, Zn is hindered4Sb3The key of application is its high temperature Heat endurance.Zn4Sb3When higher than 150 DEG C, simple substance Zn and ZnSb can be decomposed slowly to, so as to influence its thermoelectricity capability.Also hinder Hinder its application in actual industrial production.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is necessary to which a kind of high stability Zn is provided4Sb3Composite thermoelectric material and preparation method thereof.
A kind of Zn with high stability4Sb3The preparation method of thermoelectric composite material, comprises the following steps:
1) by Zn4Sb3Block materials are ground;
2) inorganic salt solution is prepared;
3) by step 1) the middle Zn obtained4Sb3Little particle and step 2) prepare inorganic salt solution mix;
4) by step 3) obtain the Zn containing inorganic salt solution4Sb3Little particle is dried;
5) by step 4) the little particle sintering that obtains, obtain compact block, that is, obtain the Zn that structural stability is improved4Sb3Heat Electric material.
As further improved, x scope is 0 to 1.
It is used as further improved, the step 1) in, the Zn after grinding4Sb3Particle diameter is in 10nm~1mm.
As further improved, in step 1) in, the atmosphere of grinding is air atmosphere or inert gas atmosphere.
As further improved, in step 2) in, in the inorganic salt solution inorganic salts include sulfate, nitrate, Solvent in chlorate, acetate and its mixture, the solution includes water, alcohol, ether, acetone and its mixture.
As further improved, in step 2) in, the concentration of the inorganic salt solution is 0.01mol/L~1mol/L.
As further improved, in step 3) in, it is described by Zn4Sb3Little particle and step 2) inorganic salt solution prepared The step of mixing, includes:By Zn4Sb3In little particle immersion inorganic salt solution or to Zn4Sb3Little particle sprays inorganic salt solution.
As further improved, in step 4) in, drying course selection is dried or in inert atmosphere protection in atmosphere Lower drying, the temperature of drying is room temperature~500 DEG C.
As further improved, in step 5) in, sintering processing selection hot pressed sintering or discharge plasma sintering.
As further improved, in step 5) in, the temperature of sintering is 300 DEG C~500 DEG C, and the pressure of sintering is 10MPa~300MPa.
The invention further relates to a kind of high stability Zn obtained according to the above method4Sb3Composite thermoelectric material.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:It can not influence or influence Zn less4Sb3Conducting material thermoelectricity performance On the premise of, it is to avoid Zn4Sb3Material at high temperature flexural deformation, improves its thermal structure stability, promotes Zn4Sb3The business of material Change application.In addition, the present invention preparation technology also have method it is simple, it is with low cost the features such as.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Zn obtained after grinding4Sb3Short grained structural representation.
Fig. 2 is dried Zn4Sb3The structural representation of powder particle.
Fig. 3 passes through the fine and close Zn after plasma activated sintering4Sb3The structural representation of thermoelectric composite material.
Main element symbol
Nothing
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with high stability Zn of the drawings and embodiments to the present invention4Sb3Composite thermoelectric material and its preparation side Method makees specific introduce.
Fig. 1-3 are refer to, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of Zn with high stability4Sb3The preparation of thermoelectric composite material Method, comprises the following steps:
1) by Zn4Sb3Block materials are ground;
2) inorganic salt solution is prepared;
3) by step 1) the middle Zn obtained4Sb3Little particle and step 2) prepare inorganic salt solution mix;
4) by step 3) obtain the Zn containing inorganic salt solution4Sb3Little particle is dried;
5) by step 4) the little particle sintering that obtains, obtain compact block, that is, obtain the Zn that structural stability is improved4Sb3Heat Electric material.
In step 1) in, it is preferred that x scope is 0 to 1.It is furthermore preferred that x scope is 0 to 0.5.After grinding Zn4Sb3Particle diameter is in 10nm~1mm, preferably:100nm~100 μm, more preferably:50 μm~100 μm.It is appreciated that Zn4Sb3 Particle diameter it is too small conducting material thermoelectricity performance can be caused to decline, particle can also be easily bonded together;Particle diameter is excessive to be unfavorable for improving The stability of material, and be unfavorable for forming good contact with inorganic salts.In addition, the atmosphere of the grinding can be air atmosphere Or inert gas atmosphere.
In step 2) in, in the inorganic salt solution inorganic salts include sulfate, nitrate, chlorate, acetate and its Mixture.Preferably chlorate, such as iron chloride, copper chloride, zinc chloride.More preferably zinc chloride.Solvent in the solution Including water, alcohol, ether, acetone and its mixture.In addition, the concentration of the inorganic salt solution is 0.01mol/L~1mol/L. Experiment shows that each solvent is respectively provided with more preferred scope.When solvent is water, its concentration is about 0.05mol/L~0.2mol/ L。
In step 3) in, it is described by Zn4Sb3Little particle and step 2) inorganic salt solution prepared includes the step of mix:Will Zn4Sb3In little particle immersion inorganic salt solution or to Zn4Sb3Little particle sprays inorganic salt solution.
In step 4) in, drying course selection drying or drying, the temperature of drying under inert atmosphere protection in atmosphere For room temperature~500 DEG C.
In step 5) in, sintering processing selection hot pressed sintering or discharge plasma sintering.Hot pressed sintering speed is slower, electric discharge Plasma agglomeration speed is fast, efficiency high.Therefore, preferably discharge plasma sintering.The temperature of sintering is 300 DEG C~500 DEG C, preferably , the temperature of sintering is 400 DEG C~500 DEG C.When pressure is too small, the density of agglomerated material is relatively low, and pressure, which crosses conference, causes density Too high its thermoelectricity capability of influence.Therefore, the pressure of sintering is 10MPa~300MPa, it is preferred that the pressure of sintering be 60MPa~ 100MPa.It is furthermore preferred that the pressure of sintering is 60MPa~70MPa.The time of sintering is 5 minutes~30 minutes.After terminating It is preferred that, 5 minutes~30 minutes are incubated under vacuum conditions, vacuum is preferably smaller than 100Pa.It is inorganic during sintering Salt can form oxide tight in Zn4Sb3Particle surrounding, playing prevents Zn4Sb3Grains are deformed, and prevent Zn4Sb3 The effect of decomposition.
Fig. 3 is refer to, the embodiment of the present invention further relates to a kind of high stability Zn obtained according to the above method4Sb3It is compound Thermoelectric material.
Embodiment 1
Weigh 5g Zn4Sb3Block materials, are ground using agate mortar, and grain diameter is at 50-100 μm;Prepare 0.1mol/ L ZnCl2Aqueous solution 50ml;By ground Zn4Sb3The ZnCl that powder particle immersion is prepared2In solution, and it is sufficiently mixed; By mixed Zn4Sb3Powder is heated to 50 degrees Celsius in quartz ampoule, and argon gas atmosphere protection is lower to dry;By dried powder In particle, the graphite jig for being fitted into a diameter of 20mm, it is put into discharge plasma sintering system and sinters.Sintering pressure 80MPa, burning 430 DEG C of junction temperature, vacuum are less than 10Pa, insulation 15 minutes.Compact block material is obtained, that is, obtains what heat endurance was improved Zn4Sb3Thermoelectric material.
In addition, those skilled in the art can also do other changes in spirit of the invention, certainly, these are according to present invention essence The change that god is done, should all be included in the interior of scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of high stability Zn4Sb3The preparation method of composite thermoelectric material, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) by Zn4Sb3Block materials are ground;
2) inorganic salt solution is prepared;
3) by step 1) the middle Zn obtained4Sb3Little particle and step 2) prepare inorganic salt solution mix;
4) by step 3) obtain the Zn containing inorganic salt solution4Sb3Little particle is dried;
5) by step 4) the little particle sintering that obtains, obtain compact block, that is, obtain the Zn that structural stability is improved4Sb3Thermoelectricity material Material.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Zn after grinding4Sb3Particle diameter is in 10nm~1mm.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 1) in, the atmosphere of grinding is air gas Atmosphere or inert gas atmosphere.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2) in, it is inorganic in the inorganic salt solution Salt includes sulfate, nitrate, chlorate, acetate and its mixture, the solvent in the solution include water, alcohol, ether, Acetone and its mixture.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2) in, the concentration of the inorganic salt solution For 0.01mol/L~1mol/L.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 3) in, it is described by Zn4Sb3Little particle and step The step of rapid inorganic salt solution 2) prepared is mixed includes:By Zn4Sb3In little particle immersion inorganic salt solution or to Zn4Sb3It is small Spraying particles inorganic salt solution.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4) in, drying course is selected in atmosphere Drying is dried under inert atmosphere protection, and the temperature of drying is room temperature~500 DEG C.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 5) in, sintering processing selection hot pressed sintering Or discharge plasma sintering.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 5) in, the temperature of sintering for 300 DEG C~ 500 DEG C, the pressure of sintering is 10MPa~300MPa.
10. a kind of high stability Zn4Sb3Composite thermoelectric material, the high stability Zn4Sb3Composite thermoelectric material is by claim Preparation method described in any one of 1-9 is obtained.
CN201710098786.9A 2017-02-23 2017-02-23 High stability Zn4Sb3Thermoelectric composite material and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN106956004B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS642380A (en) * 1987-06-25 1989-01-06 Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd Manufacture of thermoelectric element
JP2002118299A (en) * 2000-10-11 2002-04-19 Komatsu Ltd Manufacturing method of thermoelement
JP2005302954A (en) * 2004-04-09 2005-10-27 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd Thermoelectric conversion material and method for manufacturing the same
CN101723669A (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-06-09 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Compound capable of being used for thermoelectric material and preparation method thereof
CN101786862A (en) * 2009-12-31 2010-07-28 清华大学 Thermoelectric material and preparation method thereof
CN104409623A (en) * 2014-10-21 2015-03-11 浙江大学 Processing method for improving performance of N-type bismuth telluride base powder sinter block thermoelectric material

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS642380A (en) * 1987-06-25 1989-01-06 Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd Manufacture of thermoelectric element
JP2002118299A (en) * 2000-10-11 2002-04-19 Komatsu Ltd Manufacturing method of thermoelement
JP2005302954A (en) * 2004-04-09 2005-10-27 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd Thermoelectric conversion material and method for manufacturing the same
CN101723669A (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-06-09 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Compound capable of being used for thermoelectric material and preparation method thereof
CN101786862A (en) * 2009-12-31 2010-07-28 清华大学 Thermoelectric material and preparation method thereof
CN104409623A (en) * 2014-10-21 2015-03-11 浙江大学 Processing method for improving performance of N-type bismuth telluride base powder sinter block thermoelectric material

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Granted publication date: 20181228