CN106932827A - Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system and method - Google Patents

Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106932827A
CN106932827A CN201710156513.5A CN201710156513A CN106932827A CN 106932827 A CN106932827 A CN 106932827A CN 201710156513 A CN201710156513 A CN 201710156513A CN 106932827 A CN106932827 A CN 106932827A
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electric
cable
data
controllable source
frequency
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余刚
何展翔
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China National Petroleum Corp
BGP Inc
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China National Petroleum Corp
BGP Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
    • G01V3/083—Controlled source electromagnetic [CSEM] surveying
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
    • G01V3/083—Controlled source electromagnetic [CSEM] surveying
    • G01V2003/085—Receivers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

The application implementation method provides a kind of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system and method.Wherein, the system includes：Electric dipole current source and cable；Wherein, electric dipole current source, for exciting generation controllable source time-frequency electric field data and controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data in marine site to be measured；Multiple electric-field sensors with electrode are provided with cable, adjacent two electric-field sensor on same cable is used to gather along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction；It is provided between two adjacent electric-field sensors：Three-component magnetic field sensor and three-component attitude transducer, are respectively used to gather controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data and attitude data；Electric layer is provided with cable, for providing power supply.Because the system is powered using electric layer to the electronic device on cable, the interference due to being brought using large power supply is avoided, the technical problem that power supply is troublesome, the collection ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data degree of accuracy is not high of existing method presence is solved.

Description

Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system and method
Technical field
The application is related to technical field of geophysical exploration, more particularly to a kind of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data collection System and method.
Background technology
During geophysical exploration, when geological prospecting research is especially carried out to subsea strata, it is often necessary to adopt Collect the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data reflected up in marine site to be measured and from the following medium in seabed.And then can be according to adopting The ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data that collection is obtained, the electrical property feature of geologic structure and reservoir to marine site seabed to be measured is divided Analysis and research, are that follow-up Deep Sea Minerals exploration and development is prepared.
Existing ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition method can be generally divided into three kinds.One kind is that independent ocean can Control source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition station is sunk to the bottom, excitaton source is dragged.For example, laid ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data in advance adopting Collection station, then drags controllable source time-frequency electric field excitation source, and then can simultaneously complete seabed controllable source electricity above acquisition station The collection of magnetic and magnetotelluric data.Frequency electromagnetic field swashs when one kind is ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data collection cable and controllable source Hair cable is synchronously dragged in the seawater.Specifically, an electricity along cable direction can be typically gathered by existing business equipment Field component, but any magnetic-field component data can not be gathered.In addition, its along the electrode of cable directional spreding nor being uniformly distributed 's.For example, the distribution density of the electrode on the cable near acquisition vessel is relative larger, and away from the electricity at acquisition vessel The distribution density of the electrode on cable it is then relatively sparse.Additionally, this method is often only capable of carrying out time-domain or single frequency respectively The controllable source time-frequency electric field data collecting work of the frequency domain of point.Practice of construction demand can not well be met.Also one kind is Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data collection cable sinks to the bottom laying, excitaton source and drags.For example, sea-floor electromagnetic cable (EM OBC- ElectroMagnetic Ocean Bottom Cable) by cable boat be first deliver be routed to seabed, then by emission source ship Tow under water controllable electric power in a certain distance of seabed move ahead and to seawater in power supply (transmitting controllable source time-frequency electromagnetism number According to), by delivering in advance and lay to seabed electromechanical cable gather seabed ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data.Data acquisition After end, cable boat reclaims sea-floor electromagnetic cable, and dispensing is routed to new measurement work area, and then repeatedly controllable source time-frequency in seabed is electric The data acquisition operation of magnetic data.
During specific implementation, above-mentioned three kinds of oceans controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition method is often required for from towing cable (line Cable) outside lay power line in addition the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data collecting device on towing cable be powered.For example, It is electric to the ocean controllable source time-frequency on towing cable along towing cable since the initiating terminal of towing cable usually using the power supply on collection boat deck Magnetic data collecting unit is powered.But, the towing cable used during specific implementation is generally all in dozens of kilometres, and towing cable Supply lines itself also there is certain internal resistance.Therefore, the above method can cause supply voltage and current values on towing cable with Leave the increase of the distance of power supply and gradually reduce.In order to ensure that the collecting unit in towing cable tail end has enough operating voltages And operating current, the voltage and current in the initiating terminal offer relatively high power of towing cable is generally required as power supply.However, larger work( The voltage and current of rate again can be on interfering and influenceing along the electronic device that cable is distributed, and then the ocean that influence is collected can The precision of control source time-frequency electromagnetic data.Therefore, existing pull-type or sinking type ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data collection cable , often there is high-power power supply trouble, the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data for collecting over long distances during specific implementation in method The technical problem of poor accuracy.
Regarding to the issue above, effective solution is not yet proposed at present.
The content of the invention
The application implementation method provides a kind of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system and method, existing to solve There is high-power power supply trouble over long distances in some ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition methods, the ocean for collecting can The technical problem of control source time-frequency electromagnetic data poor accuracy.
The application implementation method provides a kind of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system, including：
Electric dipole current source and one or more cable；
Wherein, the electric dipole current source, produces excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal, in marine site to be measured and sea in the seawater Frequency electromagnetic field when generation controllable source is excited in the following medium in bottom, wherein, frequency electromagnetic field includes controllable source time-frequency during the controllable source Electric field data and three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；
Generation controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic field signal is excited to reflect upwards and dragged in the seawater and in the following medium in seabed Drag ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data collection cable reception in the seawater；
Multiple electric-field sensors with electrode are provided with every cable, wherein, it is adjacent on same cable Two electric-field sensors are used to gather along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction；It is adjacent on the same cable Three-component magnetic field sensor and three-component attitude transducer are provided with cable between two electric-field sensors, wherein：It is described Three-component magnetic field sensor, for gathering the three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；The three-component attitude transducer, uses In collection attitude data；
Electric layer is provided with every cable, wherein, the electric layer is used to be the electric field on the cable Power supply needed for sensor, the three-component magnetic field sensor and the three-component attitude transducer offer work.
In one embodiment, in the case where the system includes a plurality of cable, a plurality of cable is symmetrical and flat Row is set, wherein, relative two electric-field sensor being arranged in adjacent cables is used to gather the controllable of vertical cables direction Source time-frequency electric field data.
In one embodiment, the spacing in a plurality of cable between adjacent cables is more than or equal to 25 meters.
In one embodiment, the spacing between adjacent two electric-field sensor on the same cable is 10 meters To 50 meters；Spacing between the three-component magnetic field sensor and two adjacent electric-field sensors is more than or equal to 5 meters of (three-components Magnetic field sensor is located in the middle of two adjacent electric-field sensors)；The three-component attitude transducer and adjacent three-component magnetic Being smaller than between field sensor is equal to 2 meters.
In one embodiment, the electrode is unpolarizable electrode.
In one embodiment, the unpolarizable electrode includes at least one of：Copper sulfate electrode, silver nitrate electricity Pole, platinum electrode.
In one embodiment, the three-component magnetic field sensor is coil type three-component magnetic field sensor, or, magnetic flux Gate-type three-component magnetic field sensor.
In one embodiment, the electric layer is made up of friction nanometer generating flexible material.
In one embodiment, the length of the electric dipole current source is 300 meters to 500 meters.
In one embodiment, the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data is the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data of time-domain, And/or, the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data of frequency domain.
In one embodiment, protective layer is additionally provided with outside the electric layer, wherein, the protective layer draws material by Kev It is made.
In one embodiment, the system also includes electrical energy storage device, the electrical energy storage device and the hair Electric layer is connected, for storing the electric energy that the electric layer is produced.
In one embodiment, the system also includes towing cable ship, the towing cable ship and the electric dipole current source and institute Cable is stated to be connected.
Based on identical inventive concept, the application is adopted embodiment further provides a kind of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data Diversity method, including：
Excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal is produced in the seawater using electric dipole current source, to below marine site to be measured and seabed Frequency electromagnetic field when generation controllable source is excited in medium, wherein, frequency electromagnetic field includes controllable source time-frequency electric field number during the controllable source According to three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；
Reflected upwards simultaneously by exciting generation controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic field signal in the seawater and in the following medium in seabed Towed ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data collection cable reception in the seawater；
Gathered along the controllable source time-frequency in cable direction by adjacent two electric-field sensor being arranged on same cable Electric field data；
The three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data is gathered using the three-component magnetic field sensor on the cable, it is described Three-component attitude transducer collection three-component attitude data on cable；
Electric layer on the cable is the electric-field sensor, the three-component magnetic field sensor and the three-component appearance Power supply needed for state sensor offer work.
In one embodiment, methods described also includes：By relative two electric field being arranged in adjacent cables The controllable source time-frequency electric field data in sensor collection vertical cables direction.
In the application implementation method, electric layer is set by the outer surface of cable, the mechanical energy of cable is changed into Electric energy is powered to cable, it is to avoid other setting large power supply Line To Line cable is powered, and solves existing ocean Powered present in controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition method and bothered, the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data for collecting is accurate The technical problem of exactness difference, has reached the accurate, technique effect of highly effective gathering ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly of the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this Some embodiments described in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, are not paying the premise of creative labor Under, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the composition structure chart of the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system according to the application implementation method；
Fig. 2 is that the cable structure of the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system according to the application implementation method is illustrated Figure；
The step of Fig. 3 is the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system using the offer of the application implementation method flow Figure；
Fig. 4 is that the scene of the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system provided using the application implementation method is illustrated Figure；
Brief description of the drawings：1st, towing cable ship, 2, electric dipole current source, 3 and 5, electric-field sensor, 4, three-component magnetic field sensor, 6, Three-component attitude transducer, 7, electric layer, 8, protective layer.
Specific embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical scheme in the application, below in conjunction with the application reality The accompanying drawing in example is applied, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described implementation Example is only some embodiments of the present application, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, this area is common The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, should all belong to the application protection Scope.
In view of existing ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition method, generally require separately to be set in the initiating terminal of cable Electronic device on power supply Line To Line cable is powered.During specific implementation, and because the cable for using is often long, one As all be up to dozens of kilometres；And the supply lines of cable inner itself has certain resistance, therefore the voltage and current on cable Can reduce with the increase of the distance for leaving power supply.In order to ensure the collecting unit to cable tail end, such as three-component Attitude transducer, electric-field sensor and three-component magnetic field sensor etc. provide normal operating voltage and operating current, it will usually Each collecting unit on cable is powered from powerful power supply.However, due to powerful voltage and current one As can the obvious controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data of producing ratio, interference profile adopts in the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data of cable Collection unit, and then the electromagnetic data precision that collecting unit collects can be influenceed.Finally, existing ocean controllable source time-frequency is caused When electromagnetic data acquisition method is embodied, often in the presence of power supply trouble, the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data for collecting The technical problem of poor accuracy.For the basic reason for producing above-mentioned technical problem, the application considers can be online along cable Cable outer surface sets electric layer, and then when can certainly be about to cable with seawater swing or pull forward in the seawater by electric layer Mechanical energy change into electric energy, then the collecting unit on cable is powered.Such that it is able to avoid due to using high-power electricity The electromagnetic interference that source produces to collecting unit, solves to be adopted present in existing ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition method The technical problem of the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data poor accuracy that collection is obtained.
Based on above-mentioned thinking thinking, the application implementation method provides a kind of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and gathers system System.Its basic structure is constituted, and refers to the composition structure chart and Fig. 2 of the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system of Fig. 1 Cable structure schematic diagram.The ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system that the application implementation method is provided, specifically can be with Including：The ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data of electric dipole current source 2 and one or more gathers cable (i.e. cable)；
Wherein, the electric dipole current source 2, specifically can be used for producing excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal in the seawater, described Frequency electromagnetic field when excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal is used to excite generation controllable source in the following medium in marine site to be measured and seabed, its In, frequency electromagnetic field includes controllable source time-frequency electric field data and controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data during the controllable source；In the seawater Generation controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic field signal reflects upwards and towed ocean in the seawater can with being excited in the following medium in seabed The time-frequency electromagnetic data collection cable reception collection of control source；
Multiple electric-field sensors 3 with electrode are provided with every cable, wherein, it is adjacent on same cable Two electric-field sensors 3 specifically can be used for controllable source time-frequency electric field data of the collection along cable direction；In the same cable On adjacent two electric-field sensor 3 between cable on be provided with three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and three-component attitude sensing Device 6, wherein：The three-component magnetic field sensor 4, specifically can be used for gathering the three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data； The three-component attitude transducer 6, specifically can be used for gathering three-component attitude data；
Electric layer 7 is provided with every cable, wherein, the electric layer 7 specifically can be used for on the cable The electric-field sensor 3, needed for the three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and the three-component attitude transducer 6 provide work Power supply.
In the present embodiment, in order to measure the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data in marine site to be measured exactly, can be by The cable of the electric dipole current source 2 and one or more is connected to the tail end of towing cable ship 1.Towing cable ship 1 is moved with pre-set velocity, can be with Drag the electric dipole current source 2 and cable synchronizing moving.Can be that towing cable ship 1 is moved according to pre-set velocity during specific implementation, move While dynamic, the transmitting controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data of electric dipole current source 2, the cable of same towed movement is by the electricity on cable Field sensor 3 and 5, three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and three-component attitude transducer 6 etc., measure and record corresponding along cable in real time Controllable source time-frequency electric field data vertical with cable direction, three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data and three-component attitude data.
In the present embodiment, the system for being provided by the application implementation method can gather acquisition ocean controllable source time-frequency Electromagnetic data.Ocean controllable source time domain electromagnetic data can be collected, it is also possible to gather ocean controllable source domain electromagnetic number According to can also simultaneously gather ocean controllable source time domain electromagnetic data and ocean controllable source domain electromagnetic data.It should be noted that Existing method is typically only capable to individually collection and obtains time domain electromagnetic data or domain electromagnetic data, it is impossible to while gathering time domain electromagnetic number According to domain electromagnetic data.If in this way, generally required more, it is necessary to gather frequency domain data after time domain electromagnetic data have been gathered Change using corresponding emission source, data acquisition equipment etc., be used to gather frequency domain data, cumbersome complexity wastes time and energy.And The collection of time domain or domain electromagnetic data can be directly completed in present embodiment using same set of system.
In the present embodiment, the controllable source time-frequency electric field data can be specifically to include 1 durection component data Controllable source time-frequency electric field data, that is, only include along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction.Can also include 2 directions The controllable source time-frequency electric field data of component data, i.e., including along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction and vertical cables side To controllable source time-frequency electric field data.During specific implementation, 1 component or 2 in direction of collection can be determined according to specific needs The electric field component data in individual direction are used as the controllable source time-frequency electric field data.
In the present embodiment, in order to collect along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction, can will be same Adjacent two electric-field sensor 3 on cable gathers right as one group of controllable source time-frequency electric field data.By this group of controllable source Time-frequency electric field data is gathered to that can collect along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction.Wherein, on same cable Adjacent two electric-field sensor 3 between spacing be 10 meters to 50 meters.So, it is ensured that adjacent two on same cable There is sufficiently large pole span, such that it is able to accurately measure along the controllable source time-frequency electricity in cable direction between individual electric-field sensor Field data.
In the present embodiment, in order to collect the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in vertical cables direction, can be by phase Relative two electric-field sensor 3 on adjacent line cable gathers right as another group of controllable source time-frequency electric field data, collects vertical The controllable source time-frequency electric field data in straight line cable direction.For example, Fig. 1 can be referred to.From figure top downwards, on first cable First electric-field sensor 5 on first electric-field sensor 3 and Article 2 cable is relative two in the adjacent cables Individual electric-field sensor, above-mentioned two electric-field sensor may be constructed one group of controllable source time-frequency electric field data and gather right, for gathering Obtain the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in vertical cables direction.
In the present embodiment, in order to collect the controllable source time-frequency electric field number in more accurate vertical cables direction According to when a plurality of cable is laid, can be symmetrical by a plurality of cable and be arrangeding in parallel.For example, a plurality of cable is 9 cables When, 1 cable can be laid on the symmetry axis, in the both sides that this is symmetrically taken out using the route of the traveling of towing cable ship 1 as symmetry axis It is respectively symmetrically, equally spacedly lays 4 cables.And the spacing between adjacent cable is more than or equal to 25 meters.So, it is ensured that There is sufficiently large pole span, such that it is able to accurately measure sea between relative two electric-field sensor 3 and 5 in adjacent cables Controllable source time-frequency electric field data in water.
In the present embodiment, the electric-field sensor for being used all carries electrode.Wherein, two inductance sensors can lead to Cross respective electrode and constitute one group of electrode pair, such that it is able to gather the controllable source time-frequency electric field number between two inductance sensors According to.During specific implementation, in order to avoid the polarity effect of electrode itself is influenceed to controllable source time-frequency electric field data faint in seawater Measurement, the electrode that the electroded electric-field sensor is used be unpolarizable electrode.During specific implementation, can be by two Unpolarizable electrode can constitute a unpolarizable electrode pair, and then can measure and obtain two unpolarizable electrode (electrodes in seawater It is right) between weak voltage signals, and then gather and obtain corresponding controllable source time-frequency electric field data.Specifically, described not pole The electrode of change can be specifically copper sulfate electrode, or nitric acid silver electrode, can also be platinum electrode of gold,platinized etc..When So, it is also possible to select other unpolarizable electrodes as the case may be as the electrode for being used.Also, it should be noted that generally In individually collection frequency domain electric field data, often become smaller, the situation of frequency band relative narrower for frequency.At this moment using general The electric field data influence of logical electrode pair collection is little.And gather time domain electric field data when, mutually often for frequency change compared with Greatly, the relatively wide situation of frequency band, at this moment influences larger using ordinary electrode on the electric field data for gathering.In present embodiment In, accurate controllable source time-frequency electric field data is obtained in order to gather simultaneously, so using band unpolarizable electrode Electric-field sensor rather than the electric-field sensor with ordinary electrode.
In the present embodiment, the controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data is three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data, including 3 Individual durection component data, that is, include：Along the magnetic-field component data of X-direction, the magnetic-field component data along Y direction and along Z axis The magnetic-field component data in direction.During specific implementation, can be gathered by three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and obtain above three number of components According to collecting three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data.
In the present embodiment, the attitude data is three-component attitude data, and including 3 durection component data wrap Include：Measurement inclination angle component data, azimuthal component data and tendency component data.Above-mentioned three-component attitude data can be by sitting Mark conversion, is converted into the position data of corresponding rectangular coordinate system, can be used for characterizing collection three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field The situation of three-component magnetic field sensor 4 during data.During specific implementation, can be gathered by three-component attitude transducer and obtained Above-mentioned 3 component datas, that is, collect three-component attitude data.
In the present embodiment, in order to reduce the shadow of the Acquisition Circuit to three-component magnetic field sensor 4 of electric-field sensor 3 Ring, when three-component magnetic field sensor 4 is laid, typically require three-component magnetic field sensor 4 with two adjacent electric-field sensors 3 Spacing will be more than or equal to 5 meters.So as to reduce interference of the electric-field sensor 3 to three-component magnetic field sensor 4.Specifically, may be used So that three-component magnetic field sensor 4 to be laid in the interposition on the cable between two electric-field sensors adjacent on same cable Put.
In the present embodiment, in order to ensure the three-component attitude data and three that three-component attitude transducer 6 is collected The position correspondence of component magnetic field sensor 4.When three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and three-component attitude transducer 6 is laid, typically Being smaller than between magnetic field sensor 4 and attitude transducer 6 is asked to be equal to 2 meters.Specifically, can be by three-component attitude transducer 6 are close to three-component magnetic field sensor 4 is arranged on cable.It should be noted that during specific implementation, because three-component magnetic field passes Attitude of the sensor 4 with the motion of cable in water is that and each three-component magnetic field sensor 4 is used at any time all in change Same orthogonal coordinate system, so need real-time surveying record its corresponding three-component attitude data, so as to subsequently can be to every The three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data that individual three-component magnetic field sensor 4 is collected carries out rotation processing, then can be so as to Processed and analyzed in the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data obtained to subsequent acquisition.
In the present embodiment, in order to ensure electric dipole current source 2 produce controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data it is sufficiently strong, with Frequency electromagnetic field when generation controllable source is excited in the following medium in marine site to be measured and seabed, the length of the electric dipole current source 2 can To be set to 300 meters to 500 meters.Because, the length long enough of electric dipole current source 2, the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetism launched in the seawater Data can be just descended into the stratum below seabed.If the length of electric dipole current source 2 is too short, launch controllable source time-frequency electromagnetism number Will be distributed in seawater (flow to negative pole from positive pole in seawater) according to major part, little controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic field signal Can just descend into the stratum below seabed, and then influence the collection and the measurement to the following medium in marine site seabed to be measured of data.
In the present embodiment, in order to above-mentioned three-component attitude transducer 6, three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and electric field Sensor 3 provide work required for power supply, one or more layers electric layer 7 is additionally provided with outside the cable, be used to by cable with The mechanical energy conversion of seawater movement produces electric energy, for above-mentioned electronic device provides operating voltage and operating current.
In the present embodiment, in order to avoid using high power power, self-generating is carried out by electric layer 7, it is specific real Shi Shi, the electric layer 7 can be made up of friction nanometer generating flexible material.Above-mentioned friction nanometer generating flexible material can be by Cable is converted into electric energy with mechanical energy when seawater swings or pulls forward in the seawater, as the energy, there is provided to three-component The electronic devices such as attitude transducer 6, electric-field sensor 3 and three-component magnetic field sensor 4.Additionally, friction nanometer generating flexibility material Material also has certain pliability, can be folded as the cable of electric layer using the material, wound, and is easy to reclaim and repeat to make With.It should be noted that the electric energy that electric layer 7 is produced can be specifically supplied on cable including all electronics including sensor Device is used.
In the present embodiment, in order to measure accurate three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data, three points for being used Amount magnetic field sensor 4 can be specifically coil type three-component magnetic field sensor, or fluxgate type three-component magnetic field sensing Device.Wherein, the basic structure of the coil type three-component magnetic field sensor can be around with certain on the magnetic core of high magnetic permeability The coil of the number of turn.When coil being placed on controllable source in frequency electromagnetic field, magnetic field can change over time and electricity is induced in coil Kinetic potential.The fluxgate type three-component magnetic field sensor this be using saturation of the conducting magnet core high in alternating magnetic field in tested magnetic field Under excitation, non-linear relation between its magnetic induction intensity and magnetic field intensity measures a kind of sensor of low-intensity magnetic field.Certainly, Can be required and performance selects other kinds of three-component magnetic field sensor to be used to gather three-component controllable according to specific Source time-frequency magnetic field data.In this regard, the application is not construed as limiting.
In the present embodiment, in order to by three-component attitude transducer 6, three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and electric-field sensor 3 Each in the three-component attitude data, three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data and the controllable source time-frequency electric field data that measure respectively Component data is recorded and stored respectively, and the cable can also specifically include multiple amplifiers and multiple analog-digital converters. During specific implementation, three-component attitude transducer 6 first can be connected with 3 amplifiers respectively, each again after above-mentioned 3 amplifiers One analog-digital converter of connection.In this way, measurement inclination angle component data, azimuth point that three-component attitude transducer 6 is collected Amount data and tendency component data can respectively by after 1 enhanced processing of amplifier, then respectively by analog-digital converter by mould Plan signal is converted into data signal and is transmitted storage.Equally, three-component magnetic field sensor 4 first can also amplify with 3 respectively Device is connected, and respectively connects an analog-digital converter again after above-mentioned 3 amplifiers.In this way, three-component magnetic field sensor 4 is gathered The magnetic-field component data along X-direction, the magnetic-field component data along Y direction and the three-component magnetic field along Z-direction arrived point Amount data respectively by after 1 enhanced processing of amplifier, then by analog-digital converter can convert analog signals into number respectively Word signal is transmitted storage.When the controllable source time-frequency electric field data along cable direction is only gathered, can be by an amplifier Adjacent with same cable respectively two output ends of electric-field sensor 3 in two ends be connected, then by the amplifier and one Analog-digital converter is connected.In this way, the controllable source time-frequency electric field data along cable direction of two electric-field sensor collections can lead to After crossing the enhanced processing of amplifier, then data signal is converted into by analog-digital converter it is transmitted storage.It is vertical when also to gather During the controllable source time-frequency electric field data that cable is put, it is likewise possible to by a two ends for amplifier respectively with adjacent cables on Two relative output ends of the electric-field sensor 3 with 5 are connected, then the amplifier is connected with an analog-digital converter.In this regard, this Application is repeated no more.
In the present embodiment, in order to ensure the precision of the data of record storage, the analog-digital converter is specifically as follows 32 analog-digital converters.The numerical data resolution ratio being converted to using 32 analog-digital converters is relatively preferable, and accuracy is relative It is higher.It is, of course, also possible to selection uses other analog-digital converters, such as 8 analog-digital converters, 16 moulds as the case may be Number converter, 24 analog-digital converters etc..
In the present embodiment, in order to the flexible material for protecting above-mentioned electric layer 7 is not worn, while in order to prevent from generating electricity Layer 7 causes short-circuit electric leakage due to impaired, and protective layer 8 is additionally provided with outside the electric layer 7.Wherein, the protective layer 8 is typically with resistance to The nonmetallic materials of mill are made.Specifically, above-mentioned protective layer 8 can draw (KEVLAR) material to be made by Kev.Certainly, specifically During implementation, other wear-resisting nonmetallic materials can also be as the case may be selected as protective layer 8.In this regard, the application does not make Limit.
The operation principle of the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system of offer can be according to embodiments of the present invention： Electric dipole current source 2 produces excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal in the seawater, to be excited in the following medium in marine site to be measured and seabed Frequency electromagnetic field when producing controllable source；When being arranged on adjacent two electric-field sensor 3 on same cable as one group of controllable source Frequency electric field data is gathered to gathering along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction；Three-component magnetic field sensing on the cable Device 4 gathers the three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data, the collection three-component appearance of three-component attitude transducer 6 on the cable State data；Relative two electric-field sensor 3 and 5 in adjacent cables is arranged on as another group of controllable source time-frequency electric field data Gather the controllable source time-frequency electric field data to collection vertical cables direction.In whole work process, on the cable by rubbing Cable can be converted into electric energy by the electric layer 7 that nanometer generating flexible material is made with the mechanical energy of seawater movement, be the electricity Power supply needed for the offer work of field sensor 3, the three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and the three-component attitude transducer 6.Adopt again Collect controllable source time-frequency electric field data, three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data and the three-component magnetic field in the marine site above-mentioned to be measured for obtaining After sensor three-component attitude data, Treatment Analysis can be carried out according to above-mentioned data, and then can be to marine site seabed to be measured Geologic structure and the electrical property feature of reservoir be analyzed and study, be that follow-up Deep Sea Minerals exploration and development is prepared.
In the embodiment of the present application, electric layer is set by the outer surface of cable, cable is swung or is dragged in the seawater Mechanical energy when draging forward changes into electric energy, the electronic device on cable is powered, it is to avoid use large power supply pair Electronic device causes electromagnetic interference, solves and is powered not present in existing ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition method The technical problem of the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data poor accuracy for just, collecting, has reached and accurately, has efficiently gathered extra large The technique effect of foreign controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data.
In one embodiment, in order to collect the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in vertical cables direction, described In the case that system includes a plurality of cable, during specific implementation, a plurality of cable symmetrically and can be arranged in parallel, so not only may be used In order to gather the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in vertical cables direction, it is also possible that the controllable source time-frequency electric field for collecting Data are easy to follow-up Treatment Analysis.Wherein, relative two electric-field sensor 3 and 5 being arranged in adjacent cables is used to adopt The controllable source time-frequency electric field data in collection vertical cables direction.I.e. can be by relative two electric-field sensor 3 in adjacent cables Gather right as one group of controllable source time-frequency electric field data with 5, be used to gather the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in vertical cables direction.
In one embodiment, in order that having foot between obtaining relative two electric-field sensor 3 and 5 in adjacent cables Enough pole spans long, are used to gather more accurately and reliably controllable source time-frequency electric field data.During specific implementation, phase in a plurality of cable Spacing between adjacent line cable could be arranged to more than or equal to 25 meters.
In one embodiment, in order to collect along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction, can will be same Adjacent two electric-field sensor 3 on one cable gathers right as one group of controllable source time-frequency electric field data.It is controllable by the group Source time-frequency electric field data collection is to that can collect along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction.Wherein, same cable On adjacent two electric-field sensor 3 between spacing be 10 meters to 50 meters.So, it is ensured that adjacent on same cable There is sufficiently large pole span, such that it is able to accurately measure along the controllable source time-frequency in cable direction between two electric-field sensors Electric field data.
In one embodiment, in order to ensure three-component attitude data that three-component attitude transducer 6 collects with The position correspondence of three-component magnetic field sensor 4.When three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and three-component attitude transducer 6 is laid, typically It is required that being smaller than between three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and three-component attitude transducer 6 is equal to 2 meters.Specifically, can be by three Component attitude transducer 6 is close to three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and is arranged on cable.It should be noted that during specific implementation, by In attitude of the three-component magnetic field sensor 4 with the motion of cable in water be at any time all in change, and each three-component magnetic field Sensor 4 uses same orthogonal coordinate system, so the corresponding three-component attitude data of real-time surveying record is needed, so as to The three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data that can be subsequently collected to each three-component magnetic field sensor 4 is carried out at rotation Reason, then can be processed and be analyzed in order to the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data that is obtained to subsequent acquisition.
In one embodiment, when being influenceed to controllable source faint in seawater in order to avoid the polarity effect of electrode itself The measurement of frequency electric field data, the electrode used in the electroded electric-field sensor is unpolarizable electrode.During specific implementation, A unpolarizable electrode pair can be constituted by two unpolarizable electrodes, and then can be measured and obtained two electricity that do not polarize in seawater Weak voltage signals between pole (electrode pair), collection obtains corresponding controllable source time-frequency electric field data.
In one embodiment, the described electrode not polarized can be specifically copper sulfate electrode, or nitric acid Silver electrode, can also be platinum electrode of gold,platinized etc..It is of course also possible to select other unpolarizable electrodes as the case may be As the electrode for being used.
In one embodiment, in order to measure accurate three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data, three for being used Component magnetic field sensor 4 can be specifically that coil type three-component magnetic field sensor, or fluxgate type three-component magnetic field pass Sensor.Wherein, the basic structure of the coil type three-component magnetic field sensor can be around with one on the magnetic core of high magnetic permeability Determine the coil of the number of turn.When coil being placed on controllable source in frequency electromagnetic field, magnetic field can change over time and be induced in coil Electromotive force.The fluxgate type three-component magnetic field sensor this be in the full of alternating magnetic field using conducting magnet core high in tested magnetic field Under excitation, non-linear relation between its magnetic induction intensity and magnetic field intensity measures a kind of sensor of low-intensity magnetic field.Certainly, Can also according to it is specific require and performance select other kinds of three-component magnetic field sensor to be used to gather three-component can Control source time-frequency magnetic field data.In this regard, the application is not construed as limiting.
In one embodiment, in order to the mechanical energy of cable is converted into electric energy, the electric layer 7 specifically can be by rubbing Nanometer generating flexible material is wiped to be made.In this way, electric layer 7 can be pulled when moving ahead cable with seawater movement or in the seawater Mechanical energy is converted into electric energy, is electric-field sensor 3 or 5 on cable, three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and three-component attitude transducer 6 grade electronic devices provide suitable operating voltage and operating current.
In one embodiment, it is sufficiently strong in order to ensure the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data that electric dipole current source is produced, with Frequency electromagnetic field when producing controllable source for being excited in the following medium in marine site to be measured and seabed, the length of the electric dipole current source can To be set to 300 meters to 500 meters.Because, the length long enough of electric dipole current source, the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetism number launched in the seawater According in the stratum that can just descend into below seabed.If the length of electric dipole current source is too short, launch controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data Major part will be distributed in seawater (flow to negative pole from positive pole in seawater), little controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data ability Descend into the stratum below seabed, and then influence the collection and the measurement to the following medium in marine site seabed to be measured of data.
In one embodiment, in order to meet exploration needs：Time domain ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data is gathered simultaneously With frequency domain ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data.When the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data is specifically as follows the controllable source of time-domain Frequency electromagnetic data, and/or, the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data of frequency domain.During specific implementation, electric dipole current source 2 can be according to tool The controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data of frequency domain in body requirement generation time domain simultaneously, and then can be with Collect the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data of time-domain and the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data of frequency domain.Certainly, Electric dipole current source 2 can also be according to the controllable of the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data in specific requirement generation time domain or frequency domain Source time-frequency electromagnetic data.Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data or frequency domain to time-domain corresponding, can gather Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data.
In one embodiment, in order to the flexible material for protecting above-mentioned electric layer 7 is not worn, while preventing electric layer 7, due to impaired short circuit electric leakage, are additionally provided with protective layer 8 outside the electric layer 7.Wherein, the protective layer 8 is typically with wear-resisting non- Metal material is made.Specifically, above-mentioned protective layer 8 can draw (KEVLAR) material to be made by Kev.Certainly, it is embodied When, other wear-resisting nonmetallic materials can also be as the case may be selected as protective layer 8.In this regard, the application is not construed as limiting.
In one embodiment, in order to store electric energy produced by above-mentioned electric layer 7, the system can be deposited including electric energy Storage device.Wherein, the electrical energy storage device can be electrically connected with electric layer 7, such that it is able to the electric energy that electric layer 7 is produced is led to The connection is crossed to be transmitted and stored in electrical energy storage device.It is specific when laying electrical energy storage device, can by electric-field sensor 3, Three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and the grade of three-component attitude transducer 6 electronic device are connected with neighbouring electrical energy storage device respectively, with Required electric energy is obtained by the electrical energy storage device for closing on nearby, it is to avoid adjust from other electrical energy storage devices apart from each other With the energy, loss of the electric energy in transport process and the interference to electronic device on the way are reduced.It is, of course, also possible to according to specific Situation selects the laying mode of other suitable electrical energy storage devices.In this regard, the application is not construed as limiting.
In the present embodiment, the electrical energy storage device for using can be specifically the electricity that can carry out multiple discharge and recharge Can storage device.The electrical energy storage device that multiple discharge and recharge can be carried out is connected with the electric layer, specifically can be used for The electric energy that the electric layer is produced repeatedly is stored, and the electric energy sent in electric layer cannot meet electromagnetism earthquake data acquisition cable During normal work, the electrical energy storage device that can carry out multiple discharge and recharge can provide volume to electromagnetism earthquake data acquisition cable immediately Outer electric energy, to ensure that electromagnetism earthquake data acquisition cable is normally carried out the collecting work of marine electromagnetic geological data.
In one embodiment, in order to store electric energy, the electrical energy storage device is specifically as follows rechargeable battery.Certainly Other suitable devices can also be selected as electrical energy storage device.
In one embodiment, in order to by three-component attitude transducer 6, three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and electric field sensing In three-component attitude data, three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data and controllable source time-frequency electric field data that device 3 is measured respectively Each component data is recorded and stored respectively, and the cable can also specifically include multiple amplifiers and multiple analog-to-digital conversions Device.During specific implementation, three-component attitude transducer 6 first can be connected with 3 amplifiers respectively, after above-mentioned 3 amplifiers An analog-digital converter is respectively connected again.In this way, measurement inclination angle component data, orientation that three-component attitude transducer 3 is collected Angle component data and tendency component data can respectively by after 1 enhanced processing of amplifier, then respectively by analog-digital converter Convert analog signals into data signal and be transmitted storage.Equally, three-component magnetic field sensor 4 can also first respectively with 3 Amplifier is connected, and respectively connects an analog-digital converter again after above-mentioned 3 amplifiers.In this way, three-component magnetic field sensor 4 is adopted The magnetic-field component data along X-direction, magnetic-field component data and the magnetic-field component along Z-direction along Y direction that collection is obtained Data respectively by after 1 enhanced processing of amplifier, then by analog-digital converter can convert analog signals into numeral respectively Signal is transmitted storage.When the controllable source time-frequency electric field data along cable direction is only gathered, can be by amplifier Two adjacent with same cable respectively output ends of electric-field sensor 3 of two ends are connected, then by the amplifier and a mould Number converter is connected.In this way, the controllable source time-frequency electric field data along cable direction of two electric-field sensor collections can pass through After the enhanced processing of amplifier, then data signal is converted into by analog-digital converter it is transmitted storage.When also gathering vertical line During the controllable source time-frequency electric field data that cable is put, it is likewise possible to by a two ends for amplifier respectively with adjacent cables on phase To two output ends of the electric-field sensor 3 with 5 be connected, then the amplifier is connected with an analog-digital converter.In this regard, this Shen Please repeat no more.
In one embodiment, in order to ensure the precision of the data of record storage, the analog-to-digital conversion implement body can be with It is 32 analog-digital converters.The numerical data resolution ratio being converted to using 32 analog-digital converters is relatively preferable, accuracy phase To higher.It is, of course, also possible to as the case may be selection using other analog-digital converters, such as 8 analog-digital converters, 16 Analog-digital converter, 24 analog-digital converters etc..
In one embodiment, in order to collect the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data in marine site to be measured, the system System can also specifically include towing cable ship 1.Wherein, the towing cable ship 1 is connected with the electric dipole current source 2 and the cable.In this way, Towing cable ship 1 can drag electric dipole current source 2 and the cable is moved together.Electric dipole current source 2 with towing cable ship 1 while moving Transmitting controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data, controllable source time-frequency electromagnetism is produced for being excited in the following medium in marine site to be measured and seabed .Cable while being moved with towing cable ship 1, Real-time Collection and record corresponding controllable source time-frequency electric field data, three-component can Control source time-frequency magnetic field data and three-component attitude data.
For above-mentioned ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system, the application ocean that can specifically refer to Fig. 3 can The step of control source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system flow chart, follow the steps below acquisition of marine seismic data：
Step 301：Controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data is produced using electric dipole current source, to below marine site to be measured and seabed Frequency electromagnetic field when generation controllable source is excited in medium, wherein, frequency electromagnetic field includes controllable source time-frequency electric field number during the controllable source According to controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data.
Step 302：By adjacent two electric-field sensor that is arranged on same cable gather along cable direction can Control source time-frequency electric field data.
Step 303：The three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field is gathered by the three-component magnetic field sensor on the cable Data, the three-component attitude transducer collection three-component attitude data on the cable.
Step 304：Using the electric layer on the cable be the electric-field sensor, the three-component magnetic field sensor and Power supply needed for the three-component attitude transducer offer work.
In one embodiment, before specific implementation, Fig. 1 can be referred to.Electric dipole current source and cable are arranged on towing cable The tail end of ship.Wherein, in order that the data that must be collected are easy to subsequent treatment, when cable is laid, can be by cable dragging The route of cable foot is symmetry axis, equidistantly symmetrically lays the cable.In order to the ocean for collecting requirement is controllable Source time-frequency electromagnetic data, can lay multiple electric-field sensors, in adjacent two electric field of same cable on every cable 1 three-component magnetic field sensor is laid on cable between sensor.It is being close to cloth on the cable of three-component magnetic field sensor If 1 three-component attitude transducer.When two adjacent electric-field sensors are as a controllable source on using above-mentioned same cable The collection of frequency electric field data is right, gathers along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction.Gathered by three-component magnetic field sensor Three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data.Three-component attitude data is gathered by three-component attitude transducer.In order to on cable Electronic device provide the energy, electric layer is also provided with outside cable.Wherein, electric layer can be flexible by friction nanometer generating Material is made.By the electric layer, the mechanical energy that cable is moved can be converted into electric energy, to electronic device offer work Voltage and operating current.
In one embodiment, during specific implementation, towing cable ship is travelled according to pre-set velocity, and dragging towing cable ship is connected Electric dipole current source and cable.Electric dipole current source in marine site to be measured launch time domain controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data, Huo Zhefa Penetrate the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data of frequency domain, or the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data in launch time domain and frequency domain simultaneously Controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data.Wherein, the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data can swash in the following medium in marine site to be measured and seabed Frequency electromagnetic field when hair produces controllable source.The mechanical energy of cable is converted into electric energy by the electric layer on cable, there is provided on cable Electric-field sensor, three-component magnetic field sensor and three-component attitude transducer.Specifically, three-component attitude transducer Real-time Collection Record three-component attitude data, three-component magnetic field sensor Real-time Collection record three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data is same Two adjacent electric-field sensors of cable are gathered along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction.Above-mentioned 3 kinds of data each Component data can respectively pass sequentially through amplifier, analog-digital converter and be converted into numerical data, and pass in the form of digital data It is defeated and store processor on towing cable ship, in case follow-up analyzing and processing.
In one embodiment, processor can be according to attitude data to the controllable source time-frequency electric field data and three points Amount controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data carries out rotation processing, controllable further according to the controllable source time-frequency electric field data after treatment, three-component Source time-frequency magnetic field data and three-component attitude data, the electrical property feature of geologic structure and reservoir to marine site seabed to be measured are divided Analysis and research, are that the exploration and development of the following mineral resources in follow-up seabed is prepared.
In one embodiment, it is specific real in order to collect the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in vertical cables direction Shi Shi, can gather the relative electric-field sensor 3 and 5 in adjacent cables as another group of controllable source time-frequency electric field data It is right, the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in collection vertical cables direction.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, identical similar portion between each embodiment Divide mutually referring to what each embodiment was stressed is the difference with other embodiment.Especially for system reality Apply for example, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, related part is referring to embodiment of the method Part explanation.
It should be noted that system, device, module or unit that above-mentioned implementation method is illustrated, specifically can be by computer Chip or entity are realized, or are realized by the product with certain function.For convenience of description, in this manual, retouch It is divided into various units with function when stating apparatus above to describe respectively.Certainly, can be the function of each unit when the application is implemented Realized in same or multiple softwares and/or hardware.
Additionally, in this manual, adjective as such as first and second can be only used for an element or dynamic Make to be made a distinction with another element or action, without requiring or implying any actual this relation or order.Permit in environment Perhaps in the case of, in only element, part or step is should not be interpreted as limited to reference to element or part or step (s) It is individual, and can be in element, part or step one or more etc..
As can be seen from the above description, the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data that the application implementation method is provided is adopted Collecting system and method set electric layer by the outer surface of cable, the mechanical energy of cable are changed into electric energy, on cable Electronic device is voluntarily powered, it is to avoid electromagnetic interference of the large power supply to electronic device, and solving existing ocean can Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data that is troublesome, collecting of being powered present in the time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition method of control source is accurate The technical problem of difference is spent, the accurate, technique effect of highly effective gathering ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data has been reached；Further through using Friction nanometer generating flexible material is made electric layer, the machinery for cable being swung with seawater or being produced when pulling and move ahead in the seawater Electric energy can be converted into, and then electronic device can be powered, it is to avoid use tall and big rate power supply to supply in the initiating terminal of cable Influence of the electricity to data acquisition；Also gathered along cable direction by using adjacent two electric-field sensor of same cable Controllable source time-frequency electric field data, using the controllable of relative in adjacent cables two electric-field sensors collection vertical cables direction Source time-frequency electric field data, three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data is gathered using three-component magnetic field sensor, has reached collection The technique effect of multicomponent ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data.
The ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system of application the application implementation method offer of Fig. 4 can be provided Schematic diagram of a scenario, scene is embodied at one, and providing ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system using the application sets Meter towing line type ocean controllable source electromagnetic prospecting system, the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data to certain marine site is acquired, specifically Can carry out in such a way.It should be noted that the rectangular area of top represents the seawater region in marine site to be measured in Fig. 4, The rectangular area of lower section represents the subsea strata in marine site to be measured, and the dash area in the rectangular area of lower section is represented in seabed not The geologic structure known.
The concrete structure of the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system for using can refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.Above-mentioned system System includes：Towing cable ship 1, the ocean controllable source of pull-type electric dipole current source 2 (300 meters to 500 meters of dipole length) and 9 cables or more Time-frequency electromagnetic data gathers cable (cable).The collection system of 7 pairs or more is disposed on every cable, each pair collection system is by electric-field sensor (unpolarizable electrode to) 3, three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and three-component attitude transducer composition.
The specific setting of electric-field sensor (unpolarizable electrode to) 3 is in the adjacent three-component magnetic field sensing of each two An electric-field sensor 3 (unpolarizable electrode) is disposed on medium position between device 4.With two adjacent electric-field sensors 3 of cable (unpolarizable electrode) can constitute an electrode pair, be used to measure the electric field component along cable directional spreding (along cable direction Controllable source time-frequency electric field data) EX.Each three-component magnetic field sensor 4 is then used to measure three-component magnetic field signal.Described three points Amount attitude transducer 6 is the three-component attitude transducer for measuring inclination angle, azimuth, be inclined to.
Independent 32 analog-digital converter with preamplifier, analog-to-digital conversion are connected between each electrode pair 3 Electric field (the E along cable directional spreding that device will be measuredX) analog signal is converted into data signal.
Each output end of three-component magnetic field sensor 4 connects 3 independent 32 analog-digital converters with preamplifier, The three-component magnetic simulation signal that analog-digital converter will be measured is converted into data signal.
Electric-field sensor 3 and 5 between adjacent electromagnetic data collection towing cable constitutes another electrode pair and is connected to one Independent 32 analog-digital converter with preamplifier, the electric field of the vertical-rise cable directional spreding that analog-digital converter will be measured EYAnalog signal is converted into data signal.
Wherein, the electric-field sensor that described electric-field sensor 3 is made for unpolarizable electrode.Described three-component magnetic field passes Sensor 4 is specifically as follows three-component line of induction ring type magnetic field sensor or three-component fluxgate type magnetic field sensor.After conversion Marine electromagnetic data signal remembered by the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data that the fiber optic cables in towing cable are transmitted directly to boat-carrying Record storage in record instrument.
The electric dipole current source 2 in water is dragged to provide controllable emission current.Its controllable emission current inverter is laid Above deck.Along cable direction and the electricity of vertical cable directional spreding in the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data collection towing cable Measuring Oceanic of ocean Field signal EX、EYWith three-component magnetic field signal.
Towing cable ship 1 of the towing line type ocean controllable source electromagnetic prospecting system shown in Fig. 2, pull-type electric dipole current source 2 is even 300 meters to 500 meters of pole length, and three or more than the three ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data collection system compositions of cable.
By connecting the electric-field sensor 3 and 5 on the parallel electromechanical cable in this cable left and right sides, then constitute perpendicular to electromagnetism The electrode pair in cable direction, i.e., the electric-field sensor 3 and 5 between adjacent electromagnetic data collection towing cable constitutes another electrode pair, It is used to measure the electric field component E perpendicular to cable directional spredingY.Because the spacing between every two parallel electromechanical cables at least exists More than 25 meters, with the parallel electromechanical cable in the left and right sides electric-field sensor constitute electrode pair pole span at least 50 meters with On, the electrode pair of so big pole span can reliably measure the electric field component in seawater.Additionally, the pole of this big pole span electrode pair It is equal or suitable away from the pole span also with the electrode pair disposed along cable direction, it is ensured that it is measured along cable direction and perpendicular to The electric field component E in cable directionXAnd EYMore accurately and reliably.
One or more layers is wrapped up on set outside one section of towing cable for encapsulating each electric-field sensor and three-component Magnetic Sensor The electric layer 7 that friction nanometer generating flexible material is made, then along with the protective layer that one layer of wear-resisting nonmetallic materials are made 8, you can the ocean controllable source electromagnetic data collection towing cable of former active is become into passive type ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data Collection towing cable.Wherein, passive type ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data collection towing cable is received using the friction that parcel is put outside towing cable The direct or indirect electromagnetic data collecting unit driven in towing cable of electric energy that meter Fa electricity flexible materials 7 are produced when it is moved and Sensor carries out data collection task, and the large power long in former towing cable is substituted completely apart from service cable.When towing cable in the seawater Tow movement or when wave drives and moves up and down, the Low-Frequency Mechanical of towing cable is moved conversion by friction nanometer generating flexible material 7 It is electric energy, the electromagnetic data collecting unit and sensor in direct drive towing cable carry out data collection task.This electric energy can also Charged to the rechargeable battery in towing cable by wired or wireless mode, rechargeable battery then drive electromagnetism in towing cable, Attitude data collecting unit and sensor carry out ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data collecting work；Again due to that need not supply in addition Electricity, it is longer that cable can do, and then more more dense electronic devices and sensor can be laid on cable, is used to gather Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data more, therefore also reached the technique effect for improving collecting efficiency.
By above-mentioned Sample Scenario, demonstrate and adopted by the application implementation method offer ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data Collecting system can solve the ocean collected present in existing ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition method really The technical problem of controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data poor accuracy, reaches accurate, highly effective gathering ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data Technique effect.
Although depicting the application by embodiment, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that the application have it is many deformation and Change is without deviating from spirit herein, it is desirable to which appended claim includes these deformations and changes without deviating from the application.

Claims (15)

1. a kind of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system, it is characterised in that including：
Electric dipole current source and one or more cable；
Wherein, the electric dipole current source, for producing excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal, the excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetism in the seawater Frequency electromagnetic field when signal is used to excite generation controllable source in the following medium in marine site to be measured and seabed, wherein, during the controllable source Frequency electromagnetic field includes controllable source time-frequency electric field data and three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；
Multiple electric-field sensors with electrode are provided with every cable, wherein, adjacent two on same cable Electric-field sensor is used to gather along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction；
Three-component magnetic field sensor is provided with the cable between adjacent two electric-field sensor on the same cable With three-component attitude transducer, wherein：The three-component magnetic field sensor, for gathering the three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field Data；The three-component attitude transducer, for gathering three-component attitude data；
Electric layer is provided with every cable, wherein, the electric layer is used to be the electric field sensing on the cable Power supply needed for device, the three-component magnetic field sensor and the three-component attitude transducer offer work.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in the case where the system includes a plurality of cable A plurality of cable is symmetrical and be arranged in parallel, wherein, relative two electric-field sensor being arranged in adjacent cables is used to gather vertical The controllable source time-frequency electric field data in straight line cable direction.
3. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the spacing in a plurality of cable between adjacent cables is more than Equal to 25 meters.
4. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that adjacent two electric-field sensor on the same cable Between spacing be 10 meters to 50 meters；Spacing between the three-component magnetic field sensor and two adjacent electric-field sensors is big In equal to 5 meters；Being smaller than between the three-component attitude transducer and adjacent three-component magnetic field sensor is equal to 2 meters.
5. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the electrode is unpolarizable electrode.
6. system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the unpolarizable electrode includes at least one of：Sulfuric acid Copper electrode, nitric acid silver electrode, platinum electrode.
7. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the three-component magnetic field sensor is coil type three-component magnetic Field sensor, or, fluxgate type three-component magnetic field sensor.
8. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the electric layer is by friction nanometer generating flexible material system Into.
9. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the length of the electric dipole current source is 300 meters to 500 meters.
10. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data can for time-domain Control source time-frequency electromagnetic data, and/or, the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data of frequency domain.
11. systems according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be additionally provided with protective layer outside the electric layer, wherein, it is described Protective layer draws material to be made by Kev.
12. systems according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the system also includes electrical energy storage device, the electric energy Storage device is connected with the electric layer, for storing the electric energy that the electric layer is produced.
13. systems according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the system also includes towing cable ship, the towing cable ship and institute Electric dipole current source is stated to be connected with the cable.
A kind of 14. ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition systems by any one of claim 1 to 13 are carried out Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition method, it is characterised in that including：
Excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal, the excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal is produced to be used in the seawater using electric dipole current source Frequency electromagnetic field when generation controllable source is excited in the following medium in marine site to be measured and seabed, wherein, frequency electromagnetic field bag during the controllable source Include controllable source time-frequency electric field data and three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；
Gathered along the controllable source time-frequency electric field in cable direction by adjacent two electric-field sensor being arranged on same cable Data；
The three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data, the cable are gathered by the three-component magnetic field sensor on the cable On three-component attitude transducer collection three-component attitude data；
It is the electric-field sensor, the three-component magnetic field sensor and the three-component appearance using the electric layer on the cable Power supply needed for state sensor offer work.
15. methods according to claim 14, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：By being arranged on adjacent cables On relative two electric-field sensor collection vertical cables direction controllable source time-frequency electric field data.
CN201710156513.5A 2017-03-16 2017-03-16 Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition system and method Pending CN106932827A (en)

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Application publication date: 20170707