CN103576205B - Air-ground transient electromagnetic exploration method based on composite magnetic source technology - Google Patents

Air-ground transient electromagnetic exploration method based on composite magnetic source technology Download PDF

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CN103576205B
CN103576205B CN201310574207.5A CN201310574207A CN103576205B CN 103576205 B CN103576205 B CN 103576205B CN 201310574207 A CN201310574207 A CN 201310574207A CN 103576205 B CN103576205 B CN 103576205B
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combination
forcing
time
ground
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CN103576205A (en
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王绪本
毛立峰
高嵩
李琳琳
覃庆炎
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Xian Research Institute Co Ltd of CCTEG
Chengdu Univeristy of Technology
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Chengdu Univeristy of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of air-ground transient electromagnetic exploration method based on composite magnetic source technology, the method proposes air-ground transient electromagnetic exploration engineering based on combination source technology first, specifically 4,6 or 8 magnetic source of equally spaced layout on a big circumference on the ground centered by exploration targets region, in the unmanned plane collection of survey area overhead by the induced electromotive force transient response under each combination source forcing.Due to the fact that used combination source is multi-source and is symmetrical, therefore the problems such as uncertain are explained in the response results amplitude difference position big, local non-homogeneous body greatly reducing the nearly far field point using stationary source to be brought, the multi-angle observation information about subsurface anomaly body can be obtained, reduce the impact of inverting multi-solution, it is achieved efficient, high-resolution, the large area of complex region and the exploration of the big degree of depth.

Description

Air-ground transient electromagnetic exploration method based on composite magnetic source technology
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of air-ground transient electromagnetic side of reconnoitring received based on combination source transmitting-unmanned plane Method, belongs to geophysics electromagnetism exploitation method category.
Background technology:
Transient electromagnetic method is a kind of traditional ore deposit water detection electromagnetic exploration method of looking for, and uses and arranges on the ground Transmitting loop, is provided with current pulse signal, and receiving coil also is disposed on ground, receives and vertically inducts Electromotive force transient signal.Then explain that underground electrically constructs to reach geology and surveys according to observation data inversion The purpose visited.The method is difficult to construction area in a varied topography, ground physical prospecting, and work efficiency is relatively low, Even cannot be carried out work.Then, it is thought that application aviation transient electromagnetic exploration technique realizes greatly Area, over long distances Geophysical Work.Aviation transient electromagnetic method has with fixed-wing as platform and with directly The machine of liter is two kinds of methods of platform, and the former operating speed is fast, launch that magnetic moment is big, depth of exploration relatively Greatly, latter space resolution is high, and depth of exploration is relatively small.This kind of method due to need airborne transmitter, The equipment such as receiver, main frame and power supply, therefore aviation transient electromagnetic depth of exploration is the most limited, Gu Determine the depth of exploration of wing aviation transient electromagnetic typically at 400~800 meters, surveying of helicopter aviation transient electromagnetic Depth sounding degree is typically at about 300 meters.All cannot realize from the aforegoing it can be seen that existing transient electromagnetic reconnoitres method Efficient, high-resolution, the large area of complex region and big degree of depth exploration.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of air-ground transient electromagnetic based on composite magnetic source technology to reconnoitre Method, the method can realize carrying out efficiently at ground surface environment complex region, high-resolution, large area and The exploration of the big degree of depth.
Based on composite magnetic source technology the air-ground transient electromagnetic exploration method that the present invention provides, is included in Arrange the magnetic source launching periodic bipolar current pulse signal on ground, receive, with coil, electricity of inducting Kinetic potential transient signal, described magnetic source is 4,6 or 8, evenly spaced is distributed in exploration targets On a ground circumference centered by region, each magnetic source can be considered vertical magnetic dipole component;Connect Take-up circle is loaded on unmanned plane, and unmanned plane flies at exploration targets overlying regions, gathers various combination source Induced electromotive force transient response data under Ji Li, described combination source refer to by symmetrical several or The driving source that all magnetic source is constituted.
The above-mentioned unmanned plane route that edge is parallel to each other above survey area is by end to end reciprocating manner Flight, after a kind of combination source is measured, changes another kind of combination source forcing signal, again shuttle flight Carry out the flight measurement under new combination of stimulation source signal, till various combination sources are all measured.
Above-mentioned magnetic source is 4, if the labelling in each source is followed successively by A, B, C, D, enters for the first time Rower is designated as the flight measurement under the combination source forcing of A, C;Second time is marked the group into B, D Close the flight measurement under source forcing;Third time is marked as under the combination source forcing of A, B, C, D Flight measurement, finally give three kinds combination sources measurement data.
Above-mentioned magnetic source is 6, if the labelling in each source is followed successively by A, B, C, D, E, F, the Once it is marked as the flight measurement under the combination source forcing of A, C, E;Second time be marked into Flight measurement under the combination source forcing of B, D, F;Third time be marked into A, B, C, D, E, Flight measurement under the combination source forcing of F, finally gives the measurement data in three kinds of combination sources.
Above-mentioned magnetic source is 8, if the labelling in each source be followed successively by A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, is marked for the first time as the flight measurement under the combination source forcing of A, C, E, G;For the second time It is marked as the flight measurement under the combination source forcing of B, D, F, H;Third time be marked into Flight measurement under the combination source forcing of A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, finally gives three kinds of groups The measurement data in conjunction source.
The present invention uses and arranges multiple magnetic source on the ground, launches pulsed current signal, aloft uses Unmanned plane carries receiving coil and measures three-component induced electromotive force response signal, and unmanned plane is the most permissible Flight measurement efficiently.Owing to survey area is in the central area of multiple magnetic source, therefore each magnetic Source can be considered vertical magnetic dipole, simultaneously because multiple magnetic source is arranged on the ground, therefore observes number According to intensity relatively large, signal to noise ratio is the most of a relatively high.In traditional ground transient electromagnetic method, If doing area exploration, if the method using moving source, such as Genter loop or Coincident loop method, If needing pointwise collection on the netted measuring point in ground, hypsography or ground surface environment severe, not only work Work amount is big, and inefficiency even cannot be carried out the work;If using and determining wire-retracting device, When the offset distance of measuring point is bigger, with a driving source to determine Loop source Transient electromagnetic response amplitude less. If it addition, have local non-homogeneous body to be positioned near emission source or below, such as ground CSAMT The field source print-throughs of method etc. are similar to, and the response data of observation area, outside can be uneven by local The impact of body.When exploring with a traditional driving source, the uneven cognition impact in nearly source is the biggest A panel region, the delineation to subsurface anomaly causes very adverse influence.Use combination source forcing skill Art, a big approximation circumference around exploration targets region is arranged driving source, not only can increase The response signal intensity of survey area, increases depth of exploration, weakens local non-homogeneous body to whole simultaneously The impact that the response data in region causes.Combination source forcing technology it is a further advantage that, it is possible to obtain The multi collect data in various combination source, thus obtain the multi-angle observation information about subsurface anomaly body, Reduce the impact of inverting multi-solution.Therefore the inventive method can overcome large area region exploration to be faced Many difficulties, it is achieved efficient, high-resolution, the large area of complex region and the exploration of the big degree of depth.
With the combination source-air-ground Transient electromagnetic response of unmanned plane of simple three layers of dielectric model it is below Example carries out simulation calculation, and the concrete effect of the present invention is explained further.
If the layer resistivity of three layer model is 100,20 and 100 ohm meters, layer thickness is 300 meters. Each magnetic source laid on ground is parameter identical vertical magnetic dipole (Vertical Magnetic Dipole, VMD) source, magnetic moment is 1Am2, it is placed on the different point on the circumference of one, ground.Connect Take-up circle is 1m2, its height is 100 meters.If transmitting signal is step pulse, measure after power-off 32 The induced electromotive force transient response of individual moment point.
Response results during relatively five kinds combination emission source distributions, the first is 1 vertical magnetic dipole Emission source is positioned at (-2000,0,0) m, and the second is also 1 VMD emission source, be positioned at (2000,0, 0), at m, the third is that 2 VMD emission sources lay respectively at (-2000,0,0) m and (2000,0,0) m Place, the 4th kind be 4 VMD emission sources lay respectively at (-2000,0,0) m, (2000,0,0) m, (0 ,-2000, 0), at m, (0,2000,0) m, the 5th kind is 8 VMD emission sources, their position respectively with Centered by geographical coordinates initial point, radius be eight points on the circumference of 2000m, wherein the first source be positioned at (2000, 0,0) at m, the position in other source and the line of initial point with x positive direction angle be respectively 45 degree, 90 Degree, 135 degree, 180 degree, 225 degree, 270 degree and 315 degree.
Fig. 1~Fig. 5 is powered off during rear 4.32ms flying surface (z=-100m) under five kinds of combination source forcings The scattergram of upper three component response.Observe each figure to understand, time only with a driving source, dividing of response Cloth has directivity, and distance driving source is the most remote, and the amplitude of response is the least.When using combination source forcing Time, exploration targets region gradually becomes uniform, and driving source number symmetrical in combination source is the most, Middle section response distribution is the most uniform, and response amplitude is the biggest, the most favourable to exploring subsurface structure. Fig. 6 is the z of flying surface overhead corresponding point (0,0 ,-100) m at survey area center under five kinds of combination sources Component transition curve comparison figure.It can be seen that during a source, no matter be arranged in survey area The position of left or right, response is consistent, and during multiple combination source, transient response form is consistent, source Number is the most, and the amplitude of response is the biggest.
Fig. 7 is the z-component response section curve on three moment point y=0m flight surveys line, it can be seen that When traditional ground single source encourages, each instantaneous section response curve is to decline to direction, remote source dullness Subtract.And when using the Symmetric Composite source forcing of the present invention, each temporal profile curve middle body becomes Obtain the mildest, be beneficial to detection.
Knowable to above-mentioned analog result, symmetrical combination source can overcome the remote source decay in single source Problem, strengthens the signal to noise ratio of data, reduces the multi-solution impact of inverting, improves the reliable of explanation results Property.It addition, use the repetitive measurement technology of multi-source combination, it is possible to obtain the detection information of multi-angle, The most higher to the resolution capability of local objective body.
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that three-component during 4.32ms on the first driving source (a left source) reception height face rings Should be distributed, wherein figure a~c is x respectively, y, the scattergram of z-component induced electromotive force response.
Fig. 2 is that three-component during 4.32ms on the second driving source (a right source) reception height face rings Should be distributed, wherein figure a~c is x respectively, y, the scattergram of z-component induced electromotive force response.
Fig. 3 is three-component during 4.32ms on the third driving source (source, two, left and right) reception height face Response distribution, wherein figure a~c is x respectively, y, the scattergram of z-component induced electromotive force response.
Fig. 4 is three during 4.32ms on the 4th kind of driving source (four sources up and down) reception height face Component response is distributed, and wherein figure a~c is x respectively, y, the scattergram of z-component induced electromotive force response.
Fig. 5 is that the 5th kind of driving source (be spacedly distributed on circumference 8 sources) receives 4.32ms on height face Time three-component response distribution, wherein figure a~c be x respectively, y, z-component induced electromotive force response distribution Figure.
Fig. 6 is under five kinds of emission sources, the Vz component transient response curve comparison diagram at (0,0 ,-100) m.
Fig. 7 is the z-component response section curve on three moment point y=0m flight surveys line.
Fig. 8 is 4 magnetic source scattergrams on ground.
Fig. 9 is unmanned plane during flying route schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is 6 magnetic source scattergrams on ground.
Figure 11 is 8 magnetic source scattergrams on ground.
Detailed description of the invention
When the present invention implements, first need to determine that the radius size of magnetic source place circumference, magnetic source are adopted Number, transmitting pulse waveform, sampling time sequence, flying height, course line etc., enter the most again Row data acquisition, illustrates with 4 sources, 6 sources and 8 sources separately below.
Embodiment 1
Magnetic source is 4, is the vertical magnetic dipole component that parameter is identical, if the labelling in each source depends on Secondary for A, B, C, D, as shown in Figure 8, it is marked the combination source forcing into A, C for the first time Under flight measurement;Second time is marked as the flight measurement under the combination source forcing of B, D;3rd Secondary be marked into A, B, C, D combination source forcing under flight measurement, finally give three kinds of groups The measurement data in conjunction source.
Unmanned plane carries three-component receiving coil, in overhead, exploration targets region along the route shown in Fig. 9 Flight, for purposes of illustration only, route is indicated with 1,2,3,4, unmanned plane elder generation flight path during measurement 1, then opposite direction flight path 2, then return along route 3, and so on, whole routes are flown Complete, i.e. complete a kind of measurement combining source.Then, lower a kind of combination source is come back for along former route Flight measurement, till all combination sources are all measured.
After data acquisition, carry out data process, inversion solution by the workflow of air-ground transient electromagnetic The work such as release.
Embodiment 2
Magnetic source is 6, is the vertical magnetic dipole component that parameter is identical, if the labelling in each source depends on Secondary for A, B, C, D, E, F, as shown in Figure 10, it is marked as A, C, E for the first time Flight measurement under combination source forcing;Second time is marked as under the combination source forcing of B, D, F Flight measurement;Third time is marked as the flight under the combination source forcing of A, B, C, D, E, F Measure, finally give the measurement data in three kinds of combination sources.
The flight path of unmanned plane is same as in Example 1.After data acquisition, by air-ground transient electrical The workflow of magnetic carries out the work such as data process, inversion interpretation.
Embodiment 3
Magnetic source is 8, is the vertical magnetic dipole component that parameter is identical, if the labelling in each source depends on Secondary for A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, as shown in figure 11, be marked for the first time into A, C, Flight measurement under the combination source forcing of E, G;Second time is marked the combination into B, D, F, H Flight measurement under source forcing;Third time carries out the flight measurement under whole 8 combination source forcings, Obtain the measurement data in three kinds of combination sources eventually.
The flight path of unmanned plane is same as in Example 1.After data acquisition, by air-ground transient electrical The workflow of magnetic carries out the work such as data process, inversion interpretation.

Claims (4)

1. air-ground transient electromagnetic exploration method based on composite magnetic source technology, including arranging on the ground Launch the magnetic source of periodic bipolar current pulse signal, receive induced electromotive force transition letter with coil Number, it is characterised in that: described magnetic source is 4,6 or 8, and each magnetic source is evenly spaced to be distributed in On a circumference centered by exploration targets region;Receiving coil is loaded on unmanned plane, and unmanned plane exists Exploration targets overlying regions flies along the route being parallel to each other by end to end reciprocating manner, gathers each Plant the induced electromotive force transient response data under combination source forcing, after a kind of combination source is measured, change Another kind of combination source forcing signal, the flight under shuttle flight carries out new combination of stimulation source signal again Measuring, till all combination sources are all measured, described combination source refers to by symmetrical several Or the driving source that all magnetic source is constituted.
The air-ground transient electromagnetic side of reconnoitring based on composite magnetic source technology the most according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that: magnetic source is 4, if the labelling in each source is followed successively by A, B, C, D, It is marked for the first time as the flight measurement under the combination source forcing of A, C;Second time be marked into B, Flight measurement under the combination source forcing of D;Third time is marked the combination source into A, B, C, D Flight measurement under Ji Li, finally gives the measurement data in three kinds of combination sources.
The air-ground transient electromagnetic side of reconnoitring based on composite magnetic source technology the most according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that: magnetic source is 6, if the labelling in each source be followed successively by A, B, C, D, E, F, is marked for the first time as the flight measurement under the combination source forcing of A, C, E;Second time is carried out It is labeled as the flight measurement under the combination source forcing of B, D, F;Third time be marked into A, B, C, Flight measurement under the combination source forcing of D, E, F, finally gives the measurement data in three kinds of combination sources.
The air-ground transient electromagnetic side of reconnoitring based on composite magnetic source technology the most according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that: magnetic source is 8, if the labelling in each source be followed successively by A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, be marked for the first time as the flight measurement under the combination source forcing of A, C, E, G; Second time is marked as the flight measurement under the combination source forcing of B, D, F, H;Third time is carried out It is labeled as the flight measurement under the combination source forcing of A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, finally gives The measurement data in three kinds of combination sources.
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