CN106908857A - Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic acquisition system and method - Google Patents

Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic acquisition system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106908857A
CN106908857A CN201710156450.3A CN201710156450A CN106908857A CN 106908857 A CN106908857 A CN 106908857A CN 201710156450 A CN201710156450 A CN 201710156450A CN 106908857 A CN106908857 A CN 106908857A
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data
component
cable
electric
frequency
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余刚
何展翔
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China National Petroleum Corp
BGP Inc
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China National Petroleum Corp
BGP Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
    • G01V11/002—Details, e.g. power supply systems for logging instruments, transmitting or recording data, specially adapted for well logging, also if the prospecting method is irrelevant

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

The application implementation method provides a kind of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic acquisition system and method.Wherein, the system includes：Electric dipole current source, air gun source and a plurality of cable, wherein：Electric dipole current source, for exciting generation controllable source time-frequency electric field data and three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data in marine site to be measured；Air gun source, for exciting generation three-dimensional component of marine seismic data and seawater wave pressure force data in marine site to be measured；Multiple electric-field sensor, three-component magnetic field sensor, three-component seismic data sensor, three-component attitude transducer, hydrophones with unpolarizable electrode are provided with cable, for gathering controllable source time-frequency electric field data, three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data, three-dimensional component of marine seismic data and seawater wave pressure force data；Electric layer is provided with cable.The system is powered by electric layer to the electronic device on cable, is solved and powered present in existing method troublesome technical problem.

Description

Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic acquisition system and method
Technical field
The application is related to technical field of geophysical exploration, more particularly to a kind of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and sea Foreign system for acquiring seismic data and method.
Background technology
During geophysical exploration, when geological prospecting research is especially carried out to subsea strata, it is often necessary to same When gather ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and three-dimensional component of marine seismic data in marine site to be measured.And then can be according to collection The ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and three-dimensional component of marine seismic data for obtaining, carry out joint inversion, such that it is able to to be measured Marine minerals, petroleum resources, methane hydrate in marine site etc. are predicted and evaluation.
The acquisition method of existing ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and three-dimensional component of marine seismic data typically has following It is several.One kind is controllable source electromagnetism and system for acquiring seismic data.Wherein, the system is by being placed in three or more than three towing cables In electric-field sensor, three-component magnetic field sensor, hydrophone with three-component seismic data sensor group into Measuring Oceanic Three-component magnetic-field component, electric field component and ocean multi-component earthquake data along cable direction and vertical cable directional spreding.But It is that the system needs to set in addition power supply for the electronic device on towing cable provides power supply.Used when again by specific implementation Towing cable is very long, typically all up to several kilometers to dozens of kilometres.In order to the electronic device and sensor that ensure towing cable tail end are closed Suitable operating voltage and operating current, the power laid at towing cable top need very big.And powerful power supply in itself can Electromagnetic interference is produced to the electronic device in towing cable and sensor.And then the accuracy and reliability of gathered data can be influenceed.Separately A kind of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and four component earthquake data acquisition are mainly by subsea remote control acquisition station to realize. Also a kind of is the data collecting system mainly realized by sea-floor electromagnetic data and four component earthquake data acquisition cable.But It is, the only pull-type cable system collection simple component electric field data of experiment of putting into production at present, and the system can only gather one The individual electric field component along cable direction, it is impossible to gather any magnetic-field component data.Additionally, the system its along cable directional spreding Electrode is nor equally distributed.Electrode density for example on the cable near acquisition vessel is larger, and away from collection It is very sparse that the electrode on cable at ship is just distributed.Therefore, the data error for collecting compares larger.Also, this is Unite it may also be necessary to set large power supply to the electronics on cable in the initiating terminal of cable, equally there is also big work( Interference problem of the rate power supply to electronic device.
In summary, the acquisition method of existing ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic data, it is specific real , often there is high-power power supply trouble over long distances, the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data for collecting and offshore earthquake in Shi Shi The technical problem that the data precision is poor, reliability is low.
Regarding to the issue above, effective solution is not yet proposed at present.
The content of the invention
The application implementation method provides a kind of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic acquisition system And method, with solve to be grown present in the acquisition method of existing ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic data away from From high-power power supply trouble, the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic data poor accuracy, reliability for collecting The low technical problem of property.
The application implementation method provides a kind of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic acquisition system, Including：
Electric dipole current source, air gun source and a plurality of cable, wherein：
The electric dipole current source, for producing excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal, the excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal to be used for Frequency electromagnetic field when generation controllable source is excited in the following medium in marine site to be measured and seabed, wherein, the frequency electromagnetic field during controllable source Including controllable source time-frequency electric field data and three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；
The air gun source, for producing earthquake source signal, the earthquake source signal to be used in marine site to be measured and sea Generation marine seismic signals are excited in the following medium in bottom, wherein, the marine seismic signals include：Three-dimensional component of marine seismic data With seawater pressure wave number evidence；
Multiple electric-field sensors with unpolarizable electrode are provided with every cable, wherein, on same cable Two adjacent electric-field sensors are used to gather along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction；
Three-component magnetic field sensing is provided with the cable between adjacent two electric-field sensor on the same cable Device, for gathering three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；
Cable between the three-component magnetic field sensor and the electric-field sensor is provided with earthquake data acquisition group, its In, the earthquake data acquisition group includes：
Three-component attitude transducer, for gathering three-component attitude data；
Three-component seismic data sensor, for gathering the three-dimensional component of marine seismic data；
Hydrophone, for gathering the seawater wave pressure force data；
Electric layer is provided with every cable, wherein, the electric layer is used to be the electric field on the cable Sensor, the three-component magnetic field sensor, the three-component attitude transducer, the hydrophone and the 3-component earthquake number According to the power supply needed for sensor offer work.
In one embodiment, the electric layer is made up of friction nanometer generating flexible material.
In one embodiment, the spacing between adjacent two electric-field sensor on same cable is 10 meters to 50 Rice；The spacing between three-component magnetic field sensor and electric-field sensor on same cable is more than or equal to 5 meters.
In one embodiment, a plurality of cable is symmetrical and be arranged in parallel, wherein, between adjacent two lines cable Spacing is more than or equal to 25 meters.
In one embodiment, in the case where the air gun source is multiple air gun sources, the multiple air gun shake Source is symmetrical arranged.
In one embodiment, the length of the electric dipole current source is 300 meters to 500 meters.
In one embodiment, the electric layer peripheral hardware matcoveredn, wherein, the protective layer draws material system by Kev Into.
In one embodiment, the system also includes towing cable ship, wherein, it is the cable, the air gun source, described Tail end of the electric dipole current source respectively with the towing cable ship is connected.
In one embodiment, the system also includes electrical energy storage device, the electrical energy storage device and the hair Electric layer is connected, for storing the electric energy that the electric layer is produced.
In one embodiment, the three-component seismic data sensor includes at least one of：
Three-component analog detector, three-component digital geophone, three-component accelerometer.
In one embodiment, the three-component magnetic field sensor is coil type three-component magnetic field sensor, or, magnetic flux Gate-type three-component magnetic field sensor.
In one embodiment, on the electric-field sensor on the cable and other cables relative position electric field sensing Device, the controllable source time-frequency electric field data for gathering vertical cables direction.
Based on identical inventive concept, the application embodiment further provides a kind of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and Acquisition of marine seismic data method, including：
Using electric dipole current source, excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal, the excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal is produced to be used to treat Frequency electromagnetic field when generation controllable source is excited in marine site and the following medium in seabed is surveyed, wherein, frequency electromagnetic field includes during the controllable source Controllable source time-frequency electric field data and three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；
Using air gun source, produce earthquake source signal, the earthquake source signal be used for marine site to be measured and seabed with Generation marine seismic signals are excited in lower medium, wherein, the marine seismic signals include：Three-dimensional component of marine seismic data and sea Water pressure wave number evidence；
Gathered along the controllable source time-frequency in cable direction by adjacent two electric-field sensor being arranged on same cable Electric field data；
The three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data is gathered by the three-component magnetic field sensor on the cable；
The seawater wave pressure force data is gathered by the hydrophone on the cable；
The three-dimensional component of marine seismic data are gathered by the three-component seismic data sensor on the cable；
Three-component attitude data is gathered by the three-component attitude transducer on the cable；
It is that the electric-field sensor, the three-component magnetic field sensor, the water are listened using the electric layer on the cable Power supply needed for device, the three-component seismic data sensor and the three-component attitude transducer offer work.
In one embodiment, methods described also includes：By the electric-field sensor on the cable and other cables The electric-field sensor of upper relative position, the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in collection vertical cables direction.
In the application implementation method, electric layer is set by the outer surface of cable, the mechanical energy of cable is changed into Electric energy is powered to cable, it is to avoid other to set the interference that large power supply is powered to cable generation, solves existing With the presence of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic data acquisition method in be embodied when long range it is big Power is powered trouble, and the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic data poor accuracy, reliability for collecting are low Technical problem, reached relatively accurate, highly effective gathering ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and three-dimensional component of marine seismic data Technique effect.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly of the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this Some embodiments described in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, are not paying the premise of creative labor Under, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic acquisition system according to the application implementation method Composition structure chart；
Fig. 2 is the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic acquisition system according to the application implementation method The structural representation of middle cable；
Fig. 3 is the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and acquisition of marine seismic data provided using the application implementation method The step of system flow chart；
Brief description of the drawings：1st, towing cable ship, 2, electric dipole current source, 3 and 5, electric-field sensor, 4, three-component magnetic field sensor, 6, Air gun source, 7, earthquake data acquisition group, 8, three-component attitude transducer, 9, hydrophone, 10, three-component seismic data sensing Device, 11, electric layer, 12, protective layer.
Specific embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical scheme in the application, below in conjunction with the application reality The accompanying drawing in example is applied, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described implementation Example is only some embodiments of the present application, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, this area is common The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, should all belong to the application protection Scope.
In view of existing ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and the acquisition method of marine seismic data, generally require The initiating terminal of cable separately sets power supply and the electronic device on cable is powered.During specific implementation, and because the cable for using is past Toward long, dozens of kilometres is typically all up to；And the supply lines of cable inner itself has certain resistance, therefore on cable Voltage and current can reduce with the increase of the distance for leaving power supply.In order to ensure the electronic device to cable tail end, for example Three-component attitude transducer, electric-field sensor, three-component magnetic field sensor, three-component seismic data sensor and hydrophone etc. are carried For normal operating voltage and operating current, it usually needs each electronic device on cable is carried out from powerful power supply Power supply.However, due to the powerful voltage and current often obvious excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal of producing ratio, interference point It is distributed in the electronic device of cable, and then the electromagnetic data precision that electronic device collects can be influenceed.Finally, existing sea is caused When the acquisition method of foreign controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic data is embodied, often there is power supply trouble, adopt Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and the technical problem of marine seismic data poor accuracy that collection is obtained.For the above-mentioned skill of generation The basic reason of art problem, the application considers that electric layer can be set in cable outer surface along cable, and then can be by hair Electric layer changes into electric energy from the mechanical energy being about to when cable swings with seawater or pulls forward in the seawater, then to the electricity on cable Sub- device is powered.Such that it is able to avoid the electromagnetic interference due to being produced to electronic device using large power supply, solve existing The ocean collected present in the acquisition method of some ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic datas and marine seismic data is controllable The technical problem of source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic data poor accuracy.
Based on above-mentioned thinking thinking, the application implementation method provides a kind of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and ocean System for acquiring seismic data.Its basic structure is constituted, and refers to the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and offshore earthquake number of Fig. 1 According to the structural representation of the cable of the composition structure chart and Fig. 2 of acquisition system.The ocean controllable source that the application implementation method is provided Time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic acquisition system, can specifically include：
Electric dipole current source 2, air gun source 6 and a plurality of cable, wherein：
The electric dipole current source 2, for producing excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal, the excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal to be used for Frequency electromagnetic field when generation controllable source is excited in the following medium in marine site to be measured and seabed, wherein, the frequency electromagnetic field during controllable source Including controllable source time-frequency electric field data and three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；
The air gun source 6, for producing earthquake source signal, the earthquake source signal to be used in marine site to be measured and sea Generation marine seismic signals are excited in the following medium in bottom, wherein, the marine seismic signals include：Three-dimensional component of marine seismic data With seawater pressure wave number evidence；
Multiple electric-field sensors 3 with unpolarizable electrode are provided with every cable, wherein, on same cable Two adjacent electric-field sensors 3 are used to gather along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction；
Three-component magnetic field sensing is provided with the cable between adjacent two electric-field sensor 3 on the same cable Device 5, for gathering three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；
Cable between the three-component magnetic field sensor 5 and the electric-field sensor 3 is provided with earthquake data acquisition group 7, wherein, the earthquake data acquisition group 7 includes：
Three-component attitude transducer 8, for gathering three-component attitude data；
Three-component seismic data sensor 10, for gathering the three-dimensional component of marine seismic data；
Hydrophone 9, for gathering the seawater wave pressure force data；
Electric layer 11 is provided with every cable, wherein, the electric layer 11 is used to be described on the cable Electric-field sensor 3, the three-component magnetic field sensor 4, the three-component attitude transducer 8, the hydrophone 9 and described three points Power supply needed for the offer work of amount geological data sensor 10.
In the present embodiment, in order to gather the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and three-component in marine site to be measured exactly Marine seismic data, can be connected to towing cable ship 1 by the electric dipole current source 2, the air gun source 6 and a plurality of cable Tail end.Towing cable ship 1 can run according to pre-set velocity, drag the electric dipole current source 2, air gun source 6 and cable in sea to be measured Run simultaneously in domain.Can be that towing cable ship 1 runs according to pre-set velocity during specific implementation, while operation, electric dipole current source 2 Transmitting controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal, the transmitting earthquake source signal of air gun source 6.The cable of same dragged operation can pass through The Real-time Collection of electric-field sensor 3 record controllable source time-frequency electric field data on cable, is adopted in real time by three-component magnetic field sensor 4 Collection record three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data, three-component sea is recorded by the Real-time Collection of three-component seismic data sensor 10 Foreign geological data, seawater wave pressure force data is recorded by the Real-time Collection of hydrophone 9, is remembered in real time by three-component attitude transducer 8 Record collection three-component attitude data.Wherein, the transmitting controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal of the electric dipole current source 2 and air gun source 6 are sent out Penetrating earthquake source signal will not interfere with each other.The ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data that collection controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal is excited Process and the process of marine seismic data that excites of collection earthquake source signal will not also interact.Therefore, by air gun Focus 6 launches earthquake source signal, and then gathers the three-component sea that earthquake source signal is excited by the electronic device on cable The process of foreign geological data, and, controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal is launched by electric dipole current source 2, and then by the electricity on cable The process of the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data that magnetic device collection controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal is excited can be carried out respectively, Can carry out simultaneously.During specific implementation, can as the case may be, controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal acquisition is only launched in flexibly selection Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data, or only transmitting earthquake source signal collection three-dimensional component of marine seismic data, it is also or same When launch controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal and earthquake source signal, gather three-dimensional component of marine seismic data and ocean controllable source time-frequency Electromagnetic data.
In the present embodiment, the system for being provided by the application implementation method can gather acquisition ocean controllable source time-frequency Electromagnetic data.Ocean controllable source time domain electromagnetic data can be collected, it is also possible to gather ocean controllable source domain electromagnetic number According to can also simultaneously gather ocean controllable source time domain electromagnetic data and ocean controllable source domain electromagnetic data.It should be noted that Existing method is typically only capable to individually collection and obtains time domain electromagnetic data or domain electromagnetic data, it is impossible to while gathering time domain electromagnetic number According to domain electromagnetic data.If in this way, generally required more, it is necessary to gather frequency domain data after time domain electromagnetic data have been gathered Change using corresponding emission source, data acquisition equipment etc., be used to gather frequency domain data, cumbersome complexity wastes time and energy.And The collection of time domain or domain electromagnetic data can be directly completed in present embodiment using same set of system.
In the present embodiment, the controllable source time-frequency electric field data can be specifically to include 1 durection component data Controllable source time-frequency electric field data, that is, only include along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction.Can also include 2 directions The controllable source time-frequency electric field data of component data, i.e., including anti-along the reverse controllable source time-frequency electric field data of cable and vertical cables To controllable source time-frequency electric field data.During specific implementation, 1 component or 2 in direction of collection can be determined according to specific needs The component data in individual direction is used as the controllable source time-frequency electric field data.
In the present embodiment, in order to collect along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction, can will be same Adjacent two electric-field sensor 3 on cable gathers right as one group of controllable source time-frequency electric field data.By this group of controllable source Time-frequency electric field data is gathered to that can collect along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction.Wherein, on same cable Adjacent two electric-field sensor 3 between spacing be 10 meters to 50 meters.So, it is ensured that adjacent two on same cable There is sufficiently large pole span, such that it is able to accurately measure along the controllable source time-frequency electricity in cable direction between individual electric-field sensor Field data.Similarly, in order to collect the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in vertical cables direction, can be by the electric field on cable Sensor 3 gathers right with the electric-field sensor 5 on other cables as one group of controllable source time-frequency electric field data, gathers perpendicular to line The controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction.During specific implementation, a plurality of cable can in alignment be laid with parallel and head and the tail, in this way, Relative two electric-field sensor 3 and 5 in adjacent cables can be right as one group of controllable source time-frequency electric field data collection, collection The controllable source time-frequency electric field data in vertical cables direction.Fig. 1 can also be referred to, a plurality of cable is parallel and dislocation is laid.In this way, one Relative two electric-field sensor 3 and 5 on the adjacent cable in bar cable both sides can be as one group of controllable source time-frequency electric field number It is right according to gathering, the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in collection vertical cables direction.
In the present embodiment, the electric-field sensor for being used all carries unpolarizable electrode.Wherein, two inductance sensors One group of electrode pair can be constituted by respective electrode, such that it is able to gather the electricity of the controllable source time-frequency between two inductance sensors Field data.During specific implementation, in order to avoid the polarity effect of electrode itself is influenceed to controllable source time-frequency electric field faint in seawater The measurement of data, the electrode that the electroded electric-field sensor is used is unpolarizable electrode.During specific implementation, can pass through Two unpolarizable electrodes can constitute a unpolarizable electrode pair, and then can measure and obtain two unpolarizable electrodes in seawater Weak voltage signals between (electrode pair), and then gather the corresponding controllable source time-frequency electric field data of acquisition.Specifically, it is described The electrode not polarized can be specifically copper sulfate electrode, or nitric acid silver electrode, can also be the platinum electrode of gold,platinized Deng.It is of course also possible to select other unpolarizable electrodes as the case may be as the electrode for being used.Also need to explanation It is generally in individually collection frequency domain electric field data, often to become smaller, the situation of frequency band relative narrower for frequency.This When little is influenceed on the electric field data for gathering using ordinary electrode.And when time domain electric field data is gathered, mutually often for frequency Rate is changed greatly, the relatively wide situation of frequency band, at this moment influences larger to the electric field data for gathering using ordinary electrode.In this reality Apply in mode, accurate controllable source time-frequency electric field data is obtained in order to gather simultaneously, so using band not pole The electric-field sensor of polarizing electrode is rather than the electric-field sensor with ordinary electrode.
In the present embodiment, in order to collect the controllable source time-frequency electric field number in accurate vertical cables direction According to when a plurality of cable is laid, can be symmetrical by a plurality of cable and be arrangeding in parallel.For example, a plurality of cable is 9 cables When, 1 cable can be laid on the symmetry axis, in the both sides that this is symmetrically taken out using the route of the traveling of towing cable ship 1 as symmetry axis It is respectively symmetrically, equally spacedly lays 4 cables.And the spacing between adjacent cable is more than or equal to 25 meters.So, it is ensured that There is sufficiently large pole span, such that it is able to accurately measure sea between relative two electric-field sensor 3 and 5 in adjacent cables Controllable source time-frequency electric field data in water.
In the present embodiment, the three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data includes 3 durection component data, that is, wrap Include：Along the magnetic-field component data of X-direction, the magnetic-field component data along Y direction and the magnetic-field component data along Z-direction. During specific implementation, can be gathered by three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and obtain above-mentioned 3 component datas, that is, collect three-component Controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data.
In the present embodiment, the three-dimensional component of marine seismic data include 3 durection component data, that is, include：Along X-axis The marine seismic data in direction, the marine seismic data along Y direction and the marine seismic data along Z-direction.Specific implementation When, can be gathered by three-component seismic data sensor 10 and obtain above-mentioned 3 component datas, that is, collect three-component ocean Geological data.
In the present embodiment, the seawater wave pressure force data is scalar data, only one of which data volume, for characterizing sea The numerical values recited of ripples pressure.During specific implementation, can be gathered by hydrophone 9 and obtain seawater wave pressure force data.
In the present embodiment, three-dimensional component of marine seismic data and seawater wave pressure force data are obtained in order to excite, can be with profit Generation ocean four component earthquake signal is excited in the following medium in marine site to be measured and seabed with air gun source, wherein, the ocean Four component earthquake signal can specifically include：Three-dimensional component of marine seismic data and seawater pressure wave number evidence.During specific implementation, also may be used To be swashed using the one kind in dynamite source, induction focus, electromagnetism-mechanical focus with construction requirement as the case may be Hair produces three-dimensional component of marine seismic data and seawater pressure wave number evidence.
In the present embodiment, the three-component attitude data includes 3 durection component data, that is, include：Measurement inclination angle Component data, azimuthal component data and tendency component data.Above-mentioned three-component attitude data can be changed by Coordinate Conversion Into the position data of corresponding rectangular coordinate system, three-component when can be used for characterizing collection three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data The situation of magnetic field sensor 4.During specific implementation, can be gathered by three-component attitude transducer 8 and obtain above-mentioned 3 components Data, that is, the three-component attitude data for collecting.Wherein, when the three-component attitude data subsequent treatment is analyzed, Ke Yiyong In carrying out rotation processing to ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and three-dimensional component of marine seismic data.
In the present embodiment, in order to reduce the shadow of the Acquisition Circuit to three-component magnetic field sensor 4 of electric-field sensor 3 Ring, when three-component magnetic field sensor 4 is laid, typically require three-component magnetic field sensor 4 with two adjacent electric-field sensors 3 Spacing will be more than or equal to 5 meters.So as to reduce interference of the electric-field sensor 3 to three-component magnetic field sensor 4.Specifically, may be used So that three-component magnetic field sensor 4 to be laid in the interposition on the cable between two electric-field sensors adjacent on same cable Put.
In the present embodiment, it is sufficiently strong in order to ensure the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal that electric dipole current source 2 is produced, to swash Controllable source time-frequency electric field data and three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data required for sending out generation.The electric dipole current source 2 Length can be set to 300 meters to 500 meters.Because, the length long enough of electric dipole current source 2, during the controllable source launched in the seawater Frequency electromagnetic signal can be just descended into the stratum below seabed.If the length of electric dipole current source 2 is too short, launch controllable source time-frequency Electromagnetic signal major part will be distributed in seawater (flow to negative pole from positive pole in seawater), little controllable source time-frequency electromagnetism Signal can be just descended into the stratum below seabed, and then influences the collection and the measurement to marine site to be measured of data.
In the present embodiment, in order to be passed to above-mentioned three-component attitude transducer 8, three-component magnetic field sensor 4, electric field Power supply required for the offer work of sensor 3, three-component seismic data sensor 10 and hydrophone 9, one is additionally provided with outside the cable The electric layer 11 of layer or multilayer, is used to for cable to produce electric energy with the mechanical energy conversion of seawater movement, is that above-mentioned electronic device is carried For operating voltage and operating current.During specific implementation, the electric layer 11 can be made up of friction nanometer generating flexible material.On Friction nanometer generating flexible material is stated the mechanical energy that cable swings with seawater or pulls in the seawater when moving ahead can be converted into Electric energy, as the energy, there is provided electron device.Additionally, friction nanometer generating flexible material also has certain pliability, use The material can be folded as the cable of electric layer, wound, and be easy to reclaim and reused.
In the present embodiment, in order to gather accurate 3 component three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data, used Three-component magnetic field sensor 4 can be specifically coil type three-component magnetic field sensor, or fluxgate type three-component magnetic field Sensor.Wherein, the basic structure of the coil type three-component magnetic field sensor can be on the magnetic core of high magnetic permeability around with The coil of certain number of turn.When coil being placed on controllable source in frequency electromagnetic field, magnetic field can change over time and sense in coil Go out electromotive force.The fluxgate type three-component magnetic field sensor this using conducting magnet core high in tested magnetic field in alternating magnetic field Under saturation activation, non-linear relation between its magnetic induction intensity and magnetic field intensity measures a kind of sensor of low-intensity magnetic field.When So, it is also possible to require to select other kinds of three-component magnetic field sensor to be used to gather 3 components with performance according to specific Three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data.In this regard, the application is not construed as limiting.
In the present embodiment, in order to gather accurate 3 component earthquake data, the three-component seismic data for being used is passed Sensor 10 can be specifically the one kind in following electronic device：Three-component analog detector, three-component digital geophone, three-component Accelerometer.Wherein, marine site to be measured can be measured by the three-component analog detector or the three-component digital geophone Three-dimensional component of marine seismic data 3 component signals, can measure three points of marine site to be measured by the three-component accelerometer Measure the acceleration signal of marine seismic data.During specific implementation, appointing in above-mentioned three kinds of devices can be used according to actual needs Meaning one kind is used as three-component seismic data sensor 10.
In the present embodiment, in order to by three-component attitude transducer 8, three-component magnetic field sensor 4, electric-field sensor 3, Three-component attitude data, three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field that three-component seismic data sensor 10 and hydrophone 9 are gathered respectively Each component data point in data, controllable source time-frequency electric field data, three-dimensional component of marine seismic data and seawater wave pressure force data Do not recorded and stored, the cable can also specifically be included multiple amplifiers and multiple analog-digital converters.During specific implementation, By taking three-component attitude transducer 8 and amplifier, the connection of analog-digital converter as an example.Three points of the collection of three-component attitude transducer 8 Amount attitude data includes 3 data components.Therefore, during specific implementation, three-component attitude transducer 8 can respectively connect 3 and put The input of big device, while the output end of above-mentioned 3 amplifiers connects an analog-digital converter respectively.In this way, three-component attitude Measurement inclination angle component data, azimuthal component data and the tendency component data that sensor 8 is collected can respectively pass through 1 After the enhanced processing of amplifier, then data signal is converted analog signals into by analog-digital converter respectively it is transmitted storage.Its His electronic device is similar with three-component attitude transducer 8 with the connection of amplifier, analog-digital converter, and the application is repeated no more.
In the present embodiment, in order to ensure the precision of the data of record storage, the analog-digital converter is specifically as follows 32 analog-digital converters.The numerical data resolution ratio being converted to using 32 analog-digital converters is relatively preferable, and accuracy is relative It is higher.It is, of course, also possible to selection uses other analog-digital converters, such as 8 analog-digital converters, 16 moulds as the case may be Number converter, 24 analog-digital converters etc..
In the present embodiment, in order to the flexible material for protecting above-mentioned electric layer 11 is not worn, while in order to prevent hair Electric layer 11 causes short-circuit electric leakage due to impaired, and protective layer 12 is additionally provided with outside the electric layer 11.Wherein, the protective layer 12 1 As be made of wear-resisting nonmetallic materials.Specifically, above-mentioned protective layer 12 specifically can draw material to be made by Kev.Certainly, During specific implementation, other wear-resisting nonmetallic materials can also be as the case may be selected as protective layer 12.In this regard, the application It is not construed as limiting.
In the present embodiment, in order to store the electric energy that electric layer 11 is produced, the system can also include power storage Device.Wherein, electrical energy storage device can specifically be connected with electric layer 11, the power storage that electric layer 11 is produced, with It is standby to be supplied to electronic device to use.It should be noted that the electric energy that electric layer 11 is produced can specifically be supplied on cable and include Sensor is used in interior all electronic devices.
In the present embodiment, the electrical energy storage device for using can be specifically the electricity that can carry out multiple discharge and recharge Can storage device.The electrical energy storage device that multiple discharge and recharge can be carried out is connected with the electric layer, specifically can be used for The electric energy that the electric layer is produced repeatedly is stored, and the electric energy sent in electric layer cannot meet electromagnetism earthquake data acquisition cable During normal work, the electrical energy storage device that can carry out multiple discharge and recharge can provide volume to electromagnetism earthquake data acquisition cable immediately Outer electric energy, to ensure that electromagnetism earthquake data acquisition cable is normally carried out the collecting work of marine electromagnetic geological data.
According to ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic acquisition system that the embodiment of the present application is provided Operation principle can be：Electric dipole current source 2 produces excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal, to excite generation controllable source in marine site to be measured Time-frequency electric field data and three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；Air gun source 6 produces earthquake source signal, to be treated described Survey marine site and excite generation three-dimensional component of marine seismic data and seawater wave pressure force data；It is arranged on adjacent two on same cable Electric-field sensor 3 can be right as a controllable source time-frequency electric field data collection, and collection is electric along the controllable source time-frequency in cable direction Field data；The relative electric-field sensor 5 on electric-field sensor 3 and other cables on any one cable can be as another Individual controllable source time-frequency electric field data collection is right, the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in collection vertical cables direction；Three-component magnetic field passes Sensor 4 gathers the three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；Hydrophone 9 gathers the seawater wave pressure force data；Three-component ground Shake data pick-up 10 gathers the three-dimensional component of marine seismic data；Three-component attitude transducer 8 gathers three-component attitude data； The mechanical energy that the electric layer 11 being made using friction nanometer generating flexible material on cable will can be swung in cable also seawater turns Change electric energy into, be the electric-field sensor 3, the three-component magnetic field sensor 4, the hydrophone 9, the 3-component earthquake number According to the power supply needed for sensor 10 and the grade of the three-component attitude transducer 8 electronic device offer work.What is collected again is upper State three-component attitude data, controllable source time-frequency electric field data, controllable source time-frequency three-component magnetic field data, the three-component in marine site to be measured After marine seismic data and seawater wave pressure force data, can be by constraining inverting or joint inversion, to the seabed in marine site to be measured Following geological structure, mineral resources, petroleum resources, methane hydrate etc. are predicted and evaluation.
In the embodiment of the present application, the hair being made up of friction nanometer generating flexible material is set by the outer surface of cable Electric layer, electric energy is changed into by the mechanical energy that cable swings, and the electronic device on cable is powered, it is to avoid using high-power Power supply causes electromagnetic interference to electronic device, solves existing ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic data The high-power power supply trouble of long range present in acquisition method, the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data for collecting and ocean ground The shake technical problem that the data precision is poor, reliability is low, has reached more accurately and efficiently collection ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetism number According to the technique effect with marine seismic data.
In one embodiment, in order to meet exploration needs：Time domain ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data is gathered simultaneously With frequency domain ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data.When the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal is specifically as follows the controllable source of time-domain Frequency electromagnetic signal, and/or, the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal of frequency domain.During specific implementation, electric dipole current source 2 can be according to tool The controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal and the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal of frequency domain in body requirement generation time domain simultaneously, and then can be with Collect the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data of time-domain and the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data of frequency domain.Certainly, Electric dipole current source 2 can also be according to the controllable of the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal in specific requirement generation time domain or frequency domain Source time-frequency electromagnetic signal.Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data or frequency domain to time-domain corresponding, can gather Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data.
In one embodiment, in order to be able to self-generating, operating voltage and work are provided to the electronic device on cable Electric current, the electric layer can specifically be made up of friction nanometer generating flexible material.Wherein, the friction nanometer generating flexibility material The mechanical energy that cable swings with seawater or pulls in the seawater when moving ahead can be converted into electric energy by material, as the energy, there is provided give Electronic device.Additionally, friction nanometer generating flexible material also has certain pliability, using the material as electric layer line Cable can be folded, wound, and be easy to reclaim and reused.
In one embodiment, in order to ensure to have enough between two electric-field sensors 3 adjacent on same cable Big pole span, to cause that adjacent two electric-field sensor 3 on same cable is adopted as one group of controllable source time-frequency electric field data Set pair can be gathered accurately along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction, above-mentioned two adjacent electric-field sensors 3 Between spacing specifically could be arranged to 10 meters to 50 meters.Similarly, in order to ensure relative two electric field on different cables Between sensor 3 and 5 have sufficiently large pole span, using cause different cables on relative two electric-field sensor 3 and 5 as One group of controllable source time-frequency electric field data gathers the controllable source time-frequency electric field data to can accurately gather vertical cables direction, Spacing between different cables can be set to more than or equal to 25 meters.
In one embodiment, in order to avoid the Acquisition Circuit of electric-field sensor 3 is to the dry of three-component magnetic field sensor 4 Disturb, when specifically laying, the spacing between three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and electric-field sensor 3 on same cable is more than or equal to 5 Rice.
In one embodiment, in order that the three-component attitude data of the collection of forty amount attitude transducer 8 and three points Amount marine seismic data, seawater wave pressure force data correspondence, when specifically laying, can be by three-component attitude transducer 8, three-component ground Shake data pick-up 10 and hydrophone 9 are close to and are laid on cable as an earthquake data acquisition group 7.So as to follow-up place During reason data, it is possible to use three-component attitude data carries out rotation processing to three-dimensional component of marine seismic data.
In one embodiment, in order to collect accurate data, when specifically laying, can be by a plurality of cable Parallel laying.
In one embodiment, in order that the earthquake source signal relative symmetry that must launch, is in the air gun source 6 In the case of multiple air gun sources, the multiple air gun source 6 can be symmetrical arranged.
In one embodiment, it is sufficiently strong in order to ensure the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal that electric dipole current source is produced, with Excite the controllable source time-frequency electric field data and three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data required for producing.The electric dipole current source Length can be set to 300 meters to 500 meters.Because, the length long enough of electric dipole current source, the controllable source time-frequency launched in the seawater Electromagnetic signal can be just descended into the stratum below seabed.If the length of electric dipole current source is too short, transmitting controllable source time-frequency electricity Magnetic signal major part will be distributed in seawater (flow to negative pole from positive pole in seawater), little controllable source time-frequency electromagnetism letter Number can just descend into the stratum below seabed, and then influence the collection and the measurement to marine site to be measured of data.
In one embodiment, in order to the flexible material for protecting above-mentioned electric layer 11 is not worn, while preventing from generating electricity Layer 11 is additionally provided with protective layer 12 due to impaired short circuit electric leakage outside the electric layer 11.Wherein, the protective layer 12 is typically with resistance to The nonmetallic materials of mill are made.Specifically, above-mentioned protective layer 12 can draw (English name, KEVLAR) material to be made by Kev. Certainly, during specific implementation, other wear-resisting nonmetallic materials can also as the case may be selected as protective layer 12.In this regard, The application is not construed as limiting.
In one embodiment, in order to store electric energy produced by above-mentioned electric layer 11, the system can include electric energy Storage device.Wherein, the electrical energy storage device can be electrically connected with electric layer 11, such that it is able to the electricity for producing electric layer 7 Can be transmitted and stored in electrical energy storage device by the connection.Wherein, described electric connection can be specifically wireless connection, It can be wired connection.During specific laying electrical energy storage device, can be by electric-field sensor 3, three-component magnetic field sensor 4, three The electronic devices such as component attitude transducer 8, three-component seismic data sensor 10 and hydrophone 9 respectively with neighbouring power storage Device is connected, and obtains required electric energy nearby with by the electrical energy storage device for closing on, it is to avoid from other electricity apart from each other Energy storage device calls the energy, reduces loss of the electric energy in transport process.It is, of course, also possible to select it as the case may be The laying mode of his suitable electrical energy storage device.In this regard, the application is not construed as limiting.
In one embodiment, in order to store electric energy, the electrical energy storage device is specifically as follows rechargeable battery.Certainly Other suitable devices can also be selected as electrical energy storage device.
In one embodiment, in order to collect the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data in marine site to be measured, the system System can also specifically include towing cable ship 1.Wherein, the towing cable ship 1 and the electric dipole current source 2, the air gun source 6 and described Cable is connected.In this way, towing cable ship 1 can drag electric dipole current source 2, air gun source 6 and the cable moving together.Dipole current Controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal is launched in source 2 while being moved with towing cable ship 1, to produce controllable source time-frequency electricity in marine site to be measured Field data and three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data.Air gun source 6 launches earthquake source letter while being moved with towing cable ship 1 Number, to produce three-dimensional component of marine seismic data and seawater wave pressure force data in marine site to be measured.Cable is being moved with towing cable ship 1 Meanwhile, Real-time Collection simultaneously records corresponding controllable source time-frequency electric field data, three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data, three-component appearance State data, three-dimensional component of marine seismic data and seawater wave pressure force data.Wherein, the transmitting of the electric dipole current source 2 controllable source time-frequency Electromagnetic signal and the transmitting earthquake source signal of air gun source 6 will not be interfered with each other.Collection controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal is excited The ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data that the process and collection earthquake source signal of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data are excited Process will not also interact.Therefore, earthquake source signal is launched by air gun source 6, and then by the electronics device on cable The process of the three-dimensional component of marine seismic data that part collection earthquake source signal is excited, and, controllable source is launched by electric dipole current source 2 Time-frequency electromagnetic signal, and then when gathering the ocean controllable source that controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal is excited by the electromagnetic device on cable The process of frequency electromagnetic data can be carried out respectively, it is also possible to while carrying out.During specific implementation, can as the case may be, flexibly Controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal acquisition ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data is only launched in selection, or only launches earthquake source signal Collection three-dimensional component of marine seismic data, also or simultaneously launch controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal and earthquake source signal, collection three Component marine geological data and ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data.
In the present embodiment, in order to gather accurate three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data, three points for being used Amount magnetic field sensor 4 can be specifically coil type three-component magnetic field sensor, or fluxgate type three-component magnetic field sensing Device.Wherein, the basic structure of the coil type three-component magnetic field sensor can be around with certain on the magnetic core of high magnetic permeability The coil of the number of turn.When coil being placed on controllable source in frequency electromagnetic field, magnetic field can change over time and electricity is induced in coil Kinetic potential.The fluxgate type three-component magnetic field sensor this be using saturation of the conducting magnet core high in alternating magnetic field in tested magnetic field Under excitation, non-linear relation between its magnetic induction intensity and magnetic field intensity measures a kind of sensor of low-intensity magnetic field.Certainly, Can be required and performance selects other kinds of three-component magnetic field sensor to be used to gather three-component controllable according to specific Source time-frequency magnetic field data.In this regard, the application is not construed as limiting.
In the present embodiment, in order to gather accurate three-component seismic data, the three-component seismic data for being used Sensor 10 can be specifically the one kind in following electronic device：Three-component analog detector, three-component digital geophone, three points Amount accelerometer.Wherein, sea to be measured can be measured by the three-component analog detector or the three-component digital geophone 3 component signals of the three-dimensional component of marine seismic data in domain, the three of marine site to be measured can be measured by the three-component accelerometer The acceleration signal of component marine geological data.During specific implementation, can according to actual needs, using in above-mentioned three kinds of devices Any one is used as three-component seismic data sensor 10.
For above-mentioned ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic acquisition system, specifically can be refering to figure The step of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic acquisition system that 3 application the application implementation method is provided Flow chart, follows the steps below data acquisition：
Step 301：Excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal, the excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal is produced to use using electric dipole current source Frequency electromagnetic field when generation controllable source is excited in the following medium in marine site to be measured and seabed, wherein, the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetism Field includes controllable source time-frequency electric field data and three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；
Step 302：Earthquake source signal is produced using the air gun source, the earthquake source signal is in sea to be measured Generation marine seismic signals are excited in the following medium in domain and seabed, wherein, the marine seismic signals include：Three-component ocean ground Shake data and seawater pressure wave number evidence；
Step 303：By adjacent two electric-field sensor that is arranged on same cable gather along cable direction can Control source time-frequency electric field data.
Step 304：The three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field is gathered by the three-component magnetic field sensor on the cable Data.
Step 305：The seawater wave pressure force data is gathered by the hydrophone on the cable.
Step 306：The three-dimensional component of marine seismic number is gathered by the three-component seismic data sensor on the cable According to.
Step 307：Three-component attitude data is gathered by the three-component attitude transducer on the cable.
Step 308：Using the electric layer on the cable be the electric-field sensor, the three-component magnetic field sensor, Power supply needed for the hydrophone, the three-component seismic data sensor and the three-component attitude transducer offer work.
In one embodiment, before specific implementation, Fig. 1 can be referred to.Electric dipole current source, air gun source and cable are set Put the tail end in towing cable ship.Wherein, in order that the data that must be collected are easy to subsequent treatment, when cable is laid, can be by Cable equidistantly symmetrically lays the cable with the route of towing cable foot as symmetry axis.In order to collect requirement Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic data, can lay multiple electric-field sensors, same on every cable 1 three-component magnetic field sensor is laid on cable between adjacent two electric-field sensor of one cable.In three-component magnetic field 1 three-component seismic data sensor, 1 hydrophone and 1 three-component attitude is laid between sensor and electric-field sensor to pass Sensor.Wherein three-component seismic data sensor, hydrophone and three-component attitude transducer are close to and are laid in conduct on cable One earthquake data acquisition group.With two electric-field sensors adjacent on above-mentioned same cable can as a controllable source when The collection of frequency electric field data is right, gathers along the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in cable direction.Gathered by three-component magnetic field sensor Three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data.Three-component attitude data is gathered by three-component attitude transducer.By three-component ground Shake data pick-up collection three-dimensional component of marine seismic data.Seawater wave pressure force data is gathered by hydrophone.In order to on cable Electronic device provide the energy, electric layer is also provided with outside cable.Wherein, electric layer can be soft by friction nanometer generating Property material is made.By the electric layer, the mechanical energy that cable is moved can be converted into electric energy, to provide work to electronic device Make voltage and operating current.
In one embodiment, during specific implementation, towing cable ship is travelled according to pre-set velocity, and dragging towing cable ship is connected Electric dipole current source, air gun source and cable.Electric dipole current source in marine site to be measured launch time domain controllable source time-frequency electromagnetism letter Number, or tranmitting frequency domain controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal, or the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal in launch time domain simultaneously With the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal of frequency domain.Wherein, the controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic signal can excite generation in marine site to be measured Corresponding controllable source time-frequency electric field data and three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data.Air gun source county of emission in marine site to be measured Shake source signal.Wherein, the earthquake source signal can excite the corresponding three-dimensional component of marine seismic data of generation in marine site to be measured With seawater wave pressure force data.The mechanical energy of cable is converted into electric energy by the electric layer on cable, there is provided passed to the electric field on cable Sensor, three-component magnetic field sensor, three-component attitude transducer, three-component seismic data sensor and hydrophone.Specifically, three Component attitude transducer Real-time Collection records three-component attitude data, and three-component magnetic field sensor Real-time Collection record three-component can Control source time-frequency magnetic field data, two adjacent electric-field sensors of same cable are gathered along the controllable source time-frequency electric field number in cable direction According to three-component seismic data sensor Real-time Collection record three-dimensional component of marine seismic data, hydrophone Real-time Collection record seawater Wave pressure force data.Each component data of above-mentioned various data can respectively pass sequentially through amplifier, analog-digital converter and be converted into Numerical data, and be transmitted and stored in the form of digital data in the processor on towing cable ship, in case follow-up analyzing and processing.
In one embodiment, processor can be according to three-component attitude data to the controllable source time-frequency electric field number According to, three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data, three-dimensional component of marine seismic data carry out rotation processing, then by joint inversion, enter And the marine minerals in marine site to be measured, petroleum resources, methane hydrate etc. can be predicted and evaluation.
In one embodiment, it is specific real in order to collect the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in vertical cables direction Shi Shi, can gather the relative electric-field sensor 3 and 5 on different cables as another group of controllable source time-frequency electric field data It is right, the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in collection vertical cables direction.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, identical similar portion between each embodiment Divide mutually referring to what each embodiment was stressed is the difference with other embodiment.Especially for system reality Apply for example, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, related part is referring to embodiment of the method Part explanation.
It should be noted that system, device, module or unit that above-mentioned implementation method is illustrated, specifically can be by computer Chip or entity are realized, or are realized by the product with certain function.For convenience of description, in this manual, retouch It is divided into various units with function when stating apparatus above to describe respectively.Certainly, can be the function of each unit when the application is implemented Realized in same or multiple softwares and/or hardware.
Additionally, in this manual, adjective as such as first and second can be only used for an element or dynamic Make to be made a distinction with another element or action, without requiring or implying any actual this relation or order.Permit in environment Perhaps in the case of, in only element, part or step is should not be interpreted as limited to reference to element or part or step (s) It is individual, and can be in element, part or step one or more etc..
As can be seen from the above description, the application implementation method provide ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and Marine seismic acquisition system and method are made hair by being set in the outer surface of cable by friction nanometer generating flexible material Electric layer, electric energy is changed into by the mechanical energy of cable, the electronic device on cable is voluntarily powered, it is to avoid large power supply To the electromagnetic interference of electronic device, the collection side of existing ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic data is solved The technology of power supply trouble, the ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data for collecting and the marine seismic data degree of accuracy present in method Effect；Further through adjacent two electric-field sensor by the use of same cable as a kind of collection group gather along cable direction can Control source time-frequency electric field data, by the use of the electric-field sensor on cable and other cables on relative electric-field sensor as another kind The controllable source time-frequency electric field data in collection group collection vertical cables direction, has reached the multicomponent controllable source time-frequency electric field number of collection According to technique effect；Again due to that need not power in addition, it is longer that cable can do, so can be laid on cable it is more more Intensive electronic device, is used to gather more detailed ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic data, therefore also reach The technique effect for improving collecting efficiency and data collection capacity is arrived；Also by by multiple electric-field sensors, three-component magnetic field sensing Device, three-component seismic data sensor, hydrophone and three-component attitude transducer are laid on cable, are reached and are gathered ocean simultaneously The technique effect of controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and three-dimensional component of marine seismic data.
Scene is embodied at one, ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and ocean are provided using the application implementation method System for acquiring seismic data designs passive towing line type ocean controllable source electromagnetism and system for acquiring seismic data, to the ocean in certain marine site Controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data is acquired, and can specifically carry out in such a way.
Fig. 1 can be referred to.The system includes：Towing cable ship 1, pull-type electric dipole current source 2, pull-type air gun source 6, towing cable Three-component seismic data sensing in hydrophone 9, towing cable in interior three-component attitude transducer 8, three-component magnetic field sensor 4, towing cable The electric layer 11 and wear-resisting nonmetallic materials that device 10, the friction nanometer generating flexible material being wrapped in outside towing cable are made are made Protective layer 12.Wherein, three-component attitude transducer 8, hydrophone 9 and three-component seismic data sensor 10 closely, It is equal along the interval between the three-component attitude transducer 8 that cable is distributed, edge equal along the interval between the hydrophone 9 that cable is distributed Interval between the three-component seismic data sensor 10 of cable distribution is equal.
Passive type marine electromagnetic and earthquake data acquisition towing cable are received using one or more layers friction that parcel is put outside towing cable Meter Fa electricity flexible materials are used as electric layer 11.When cable is moved, the mechanical energy of cable can be converted into electric energy, the electricity of generation Electronic device that can be in drivings towing cable that can be direct or indirect carries out data collection task, substitute completely length in original towing cable away from From service cable.When towing cable tows movement or drives and move up and down in wave in the seawater, electric layer 11 can be by towing cable Low-Frequency Mechanical motion is converted to electric energy, and the electronic device in direct drive towing cable carries out data collection task.Can also be by having Line wirelessly charges to the rechargeable battery in towing cable, and rechargeable battery then drives the electronic device in towing cable to carry out Data collection task.
A three-component magnetic field sensor 4 is disposed between each two electric-field sensor 3, with two adjacent electric field sensings of cable Device 3 constitutes an electrode pair, is used to measure the electric field component along cable directional spreding (along the controllable source time-frequency electric field in cable direction Data).Electric-field sensor 3 and electric-field sensor 5 between adjacent electromagnetism and earthquake data acquisition towing cable can constitute another Electrode pair, is used to measure the electric field component (the controllable source time-frequency electric field data in vertical cables direction) of vertical-rise cable directional spreding. Each three-component Magnetic Sensor 4 can be used for measuring three-component magnetic field signal.Electric-field sensor 3 and three-component magnetic field sensor Can then be disposed between 4 one by three-component attitude transducer 8, hydrophone 9, three-component seismic data sensor 10 as one Earthquake data acquisition group 7.Wherein, each three-component attitude transducer 8, can inclining with each earthquake data acquisition group of real time record Angle, azimuth and tendency, for carrying out necessity to the three-dimensional component of marine seismic signal (three-dimensional component of marine seismic data) for recording Rotation processing.Each distinguishes Real-time Collection record seawater wave pressure number by hydrophone 9 and three-component seismic data sensor 10 According to three-dimensional component of marine seismic data.
In the system, three-component magnetic field sensor 4 is three-component line of induction ring type or three-component fluxgate type three-component magnetic Field sensor.Three-component attitude transducer 8 is the three-component attitude transducer for measuring inclination angle, azimuth, be inclined to.
You need to add is that, the system disposes three-component magnetic field sensing at two between tens of meters of electric-field sensor Device, electric-field sensor and three-component magnetic field sensor are kept completely separate and come, and the electric-field sensor of distant place and its data acquisition are electric Road will not produce any interference and influence to three-component magnetic field sensor.When greatly increasing the three-component controllable source for collecting The reliability of frequency magnetic field data.Spacing between every two parallel electromechanical cables is parallel with the left and right sides at least more than 25 meters At least more than 50 meters, the electrode pair of so big pole span can be with for the pole span of the electrode pair of the electric-field sensor composition on electromechanical cable Reliably measure the electric field component in seawater.Additionally, the pole span of this big pole span electrode pair also with the electrode disposed along cable direction To pole span it is equal or suitable, it is ensured that the measured electric field component along cable direction and perpendicular to cable direction is relatively defined Really, it is reliable.
By above-mentioned Sample Scenario, demonstrating the system really can be while gathers three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field, edge Cable direction and vertical cable direction controllable source time-frequency electric field component data, three-dimensional component of marine seismic data, seawater wave pressure force data.Again Because passive type towing cable is powered one by one without the collecting unit to towing cable from deck, the electromagnetism and earthquake data acquisition of the system Towing cable (cable) can be made longer than conventional active towing cable, can there is the more dense and more electromagnetism of quantity on every towing cable Device, high density ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and three-dimensional component of marine seismic data are gathered such that it is able to higher efficiency. The marine geophysicses data acquisition amount that once construction collection is obtained can be even improved with several times.Also can actually effectively carry Detection accuracy high, realizes that joint and integrated application ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetism and seismic exploration technique carry out Marine oil and gas resource With the fine granularing scalability and overall merit of methane hydrate.
Although depicting the application by embodiment, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that the application have it is many deformation and Change is without deviating from spirit herein, it is desirable to which appended claim includes these deformations and changes without deviating from the application.

Claims (14)

1. a kind of ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic acquisition system, it is characterised in that including：
Electric dipole current source, air gun source and a plurality of cable, wherein：
The electric dipole current source, for producing excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal, the excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal to be used to treat Frequency electromagnetic field when generation controllable source is excited in marine site and the following medium in seabed is surveyed, wherein, frequency electromagnetic field includes during the controllable source Controllable source time-frequency electric field data and three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；
The air gun source, for producing earthquake source signal, the earthquake source signal be used for marine site to be measured and seabed with Generation marine seismic signals are excited in lower medium, wherein, the marine seismic signals include：Three-dimensional component of marine seismic data and sea Water pressure wave number evidence；
Multiple electric-field sensors with unpolarizable electrode are provided with every cable, wherein, it is adjacent on same cable Two electric-field sensors be used for gather along cable direction controllable source time-frequency electric field data；
Three-component magnetic field sensor is provided with the cable between adjacent two electric-field sensor on the same cable, is used In collection three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；
Cable between the three-component magnetic field sensor and the electric-field sensor is provided with earthquake data acquisition group, wherein, The earthquake data acquisition group includes：Three-component attitude transducer, for gathering three-component attitude data；Three-component seismic data Sensor, for gathering the three-dimensional component of marine seismic data；Hydrophone, for gathering the seawater wave pressure force data；
Electric layer is provided with every cable, wherein, the electric layer is used to be the electric field sensing on the cable Device, the three-component magnetic field sensor, the three-component attitude transducer, the hydrophone and the three-component seismic data are passed Power supply needed for sensor offer work.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the electric layer is by friction nanometer generating flexible material system Into.
3. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that between adjacent two electric-field sensor on same cable Spacing be 10 meters to 50 meters；The spacing between three-component magnetic field sensor and electric-field sensor on same cable is more than or equal to 5 meters.
4. system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that a plurality of cable is symmetrical and be arranged in parallel, wherein, it is adjacent Two lines cable between spacing be more than or equal to 25 meters.
5. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in the situation that the air gun source is multiple air gun sources Under, the multiple air gun source is symmetrical arranged.
6. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the length of the electric dipole current source is 300 meters to 500 meters.
7. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the electric layer peripheral hardware matcoveredn, wherein, the protection Layer draws material to be made by Kev.
8. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the system also includes towing cable ship, wherein, the cable, The tail end of the air gun source, the electric dipole current source respectively with the towing cable ship is connected.
9. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the system also includes electrical energy storage device, the electric energy Storage device is connected with the electric layer, for storing the electric energy that the electric layer is produced.
10. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the three-component seismic data sensor include it is following extremely It is one of few：
Three-component analog detector, three-component digital geophone, three-component accelerometer.
11. systems according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the three-component magnetic field sensor is coil type three-component Magnetic field sensor, or, fluxgate type three-component magnetic field sensor.
12. systems according to claim 2, it is characterised in that on the electric-field sensor and other cables on the cable The electric-field sensor of relative position, the controllable source time-frequency electric field data for gathering vertical cables direction.
A kind of 13. ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic datas and offshore earthquake number by any one of claim 1 to 12 Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and acquisition of marine seismic data method are carried out according to acquisition system, it is characterised in that including：
Using electric dipole current source, excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal, the excitaton source time-frequency electromagnetic signal is produced to be used in sea to be measured Frequency electromagnetic field when generation controllable source is excited in the following medium in domain and seabed, wherein, frequency electromagnetic field includes controllable during the controllable source Source time-frequency electric field data and three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data；
Using air gun source, earthquake source signal, the earthquake source signal is produced to be used to be situated between below marine site to be measured and seabed Generation marine seismic signals are excited in matter, wherein, the marine seismic signals include：Three-dimensional component of marine seismic data and seawater pressure Reeb data；
Gathered along the controllable source time-frequency electric field in cable direction by adjacent two electric-field sensor being arranged on same cable Data；
The three-component controllable source time-frequency magnetic field data is gathered by the three-component magnetic field sensor on the cable；
The seawater wave pressure force data is gathered by the hydrophone on the cable；
The three-dimensional component of marine seismic data are gathered by the three-component seismic data sensor on the cable；
Three-component attitude data is gathered by the three-component attitude transducer on the cable；
Be the electric-field sensor using the electric layer on the cable, the three-component magnetic field sensor, the hydrophone, institute Power supply needed for three-component seismic data sensor and the three-component attitude transducer offer work are provided.
14. methods according to claim 13, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：By the electricity on the cable The electric-field sensor of relative position on field sensor and other cables, the controllable source time-frequency electric field number in collection vertical cables direction According to.
CN201710156450.3A 2017-03-16 2017-03-16 Ocean controllable source time-frequency electromagnetic data and marine seismic acquisition system and method Pending CN106908857A (en)

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