CN106932215B - Experimental device for simulating closed conveying of long-distance liquid conveying pipeline - Google Patents
Experimental device for simulating closed conveying of long-distance liquid conveying pipeline Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device for simulating closed conveying of a long-distance liquid conveying pipeline, which comprises a basic hydraulic process system and a pipeline monitoring system for simulating the long-distance oil conveying pipeline. The basic hydro-process system comprises: the experimental pipeline, the liquid storage tank, the gas storage tank, the air compressor and 4 simulated pump stations are arranged in each station, 2 centrifugal water pumps can be operated in series or in parallel, and one pump is a variable-frequency speed-regulating pump. The pipeline monitoring system comprises: and the automatic instrument, the pump station control cabinet, the central control computer, the communication network and the like are arranged on the analog pump station and the pipeline. The invention is used for simulating the hydraulic process characteristics of the long-distance oil conveying pipeline under different working conditions and simulating the control mode and operation of a control system of the long-distance oil conveying pipeline. The device tightly combines the actual situation of the site, integrates the pipeline conveying process and the operation control, and has the characteristics of reasonable structure, rich content, advanced equipment, safety, environmental protection and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device for simulating closed conveying of a liquid long-distance conveying pipeline.
Background
Pipeline transportation is the most main and ideal transportation mode of oil and gas products, and long-distance transportation pipelines provide continuous power for the development of economy at present of high-speed development of economy in China, so that the status of the long-distance transportation pipelines in national economy is becoming important. With the development of pipeline transportation technology and the application of computer technology, pipeline systems put into practical production are basically equipped with relatively advanced SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition, data acquisition and monitoring control system) systems in a matched manner so as to assist operators to finish daily pipeline scheduling. As such, the training requirements for the pipeline SCADA system dispatcher are increasing.
The training of the pipeline conveying operators is mainly realized by combining the explanation of theoretical knowledge with the production practice on the actual site, so that the grasp of related professional knowledge is enhanced, and the pipeline running operation level is improved. But the on-site practice cost is high, the on-site practice is limited by safety requirements, the on-site practice can only be watched and can not be operated, the practice content is continuously simplified, and the practice teaching effect is reduced. Therefore, the method adopting the loop simulation experiment is the first choice for training the current pipeline operation staff. For example, chinese patent CN101192353a, publication date 2008, 6 and 4, discloses a "pipeline oil transportation simulator", wherein except for the first station, each pump station is provided with a pump, and the pressure control is performed by adjusting the opening of the valve, and the pressure, temperature and valve opening are controlled by a set of PLC. The flow and the pump station pressure of the device cannot be regulated, the conveying process does not relate to equipment and flow of pipeline cleaning operation, and the process and equipment for conveying and running the undulating pipe section, and the device is simple in control system and has larger difference with the actual pipeline of the engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to better simulate the condition that liquid is conveyed in a long-distance conveying pipeline, the invention provides an experimental device for simulating the airtight conveying of the long-distance conveying pipeline of the liquid. The experimental device is tightly combined with the actual situation of the site, integrates the pipeline conveying process, and has the characteristics of reasonable structure, practical approaching engineering, advanced equipment, safety, environmental protection and the like.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: an experimental device for simulating closed delivery of a liquid long-distance delivery pipeline, comprising:
the basic hydraulic system for simulating the long-distance oil product conveying pipeline comprises a liquid storage tank and at least one simulated pump station, wherein the liquid storage tank and the simulated pump station are connected in series through an experimental pipeline, the simulated pump station comprises two water pumps, and the two water pumps in the simulated pump station can be operated in a serial mode, a parallel mode or a mode of respectively and independently working;
and the monitoring and control system is used for detecting and controlling the operation of the experimental device for the closed conveying of the simulated liquid long-distance conveying pipeline.
In a simulated pump station, this experimental pipeline includes into pump station pipeline and goes out the pump station pipeline, two water pumps are first pump and second pump respectively, the one end of advancing the pump station pipeline and the entry linkage of first pump, go out the one end of pump station pipeline and the exit linkage of second pump, the export of first pump is connected with going out the pump station pipeline through first connecting line, the entry of second pump is connected with advancing the pump station pipeline through the second connecting line, is connected through the third connecting line between first connecting line and the second connecting line, one of two water pumps is the frequency constant speed pump, another one of two water pumps is the variable frequency speed pump.
The pump station inlet pipeline is provided with a first valve, the first valve is positioned between an inlet of the first pump and the second connecting pipeline, the first connecting pipeline is sequentially provided with a second valve and a third valve, the second valve is positioned between an outlet of the first pump and the third connecting pipeline, the second connecting pipeline is sequentially provided with a fourth valve and a fifth valve, the fourth valve is positioned between an inlet of the second pump and the third connecting pipeline, the fifth valve is positioned between the third connecting pipeline and the pump station inlet pipeline, the third connecting pipeline is provided with a sixth valve, the pump station outlet pipeline is sequentially provided with a seventh valve and an eighth valve, the seventh valve is positioned between an outlet of the second pump and the first connecting pipeline, and the eighth valve is positioned between the first connecting pipeline and the other end of the pump station outlet pipeline.
The experimental device for the closed conveying of the simulated liquid long-distance conveying pipeline comprises a plurality of simulated pump stations connected in series through the experimental pipeline, wherein each simulated pump station is internally provided with 2 pressure transmitters and 1 water pump frequency converter; the 2 pressure transmitters are connected with the inlet pump station pipeline and the outlet pump station pipeline in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the water pump frequency converter is connected with the variable frequency speed regulating pump, the eighth valve is an electric regulating valve, the third valve, the fifth valve and the sixth valve are pneumatic regulating valves, 1 electromagnetic flowmeter is arranged on the inlet pump station pipeline and the outlet pump station pipeline, the monitoring and control system comprises station control cabinets arranged in each simulation pump station, and the pressure transmitters, the electric regulating valve, the pneumatic regulating valve, the water pump frequency converter and the electromagnetic flowmeter are all connected with the station control cabinets.
The experimental device for simulating the airtight conveying of the liquid long-distance conveying pipeline comprises four simulated pump stations with the same structure, wherein the four simulated pump stations with the same structure are respectively a first simulated pump station, a second simulated pump station, a third simulated pump station and a fourth simulated pump station, the first simulated pump station, the second simulated pump station, the third simulated pump station, the fourth simulated pump station and a liquid storage tank are connected in series through the experimental pipeline to form a closed loop, and the second simulated pump station, the third simulated pump station and the fourth simulated pump station are connected in parallel with a station crossing pipeline and a station crossing valve.
The experimental device for simulating the closed conveying of the long liquid conveying pipeline comprises a plurality of simulated pump stations, wherein each experimental pipeline comprises a plurality of main pipelines which are connected with the outlets of the simulated pump stations in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the experimental device for simulating the closed conveying of the long liquid conveying pipeline is also used for placing a truss of the main pipeline, wherein the truss comprises a plurality of storage layers arranged along the vertical direction; each main pipeline all contains two snakelike coils, and this two snakelike coils one-to-one sets up in adjacent two this deposits the layer, and this two snakelike coils intercommunication, every the length of snakelike coil is 76 meters, every the snakelike coil is seamless stainless steel pipe.
The main pipeline is connected in parallel with a pipe cleaning bypass pipe section, and the pipe cleaning bypass pipe section comprises a pipe cleaning inlet pipeline, a pipe cleaner ball-sending cylinder, a first ball valve, a pipe cleaning observation pipe, a second ball valve, a pipe cleaner ball-receiving cylinder and a pipe cleaning outlet pipeline which are connected in sequence; the pipe is observed to pigging is transparent organic glass pipe, is equipped with the ninth valve on the pipe inlet pipeline of pigging, is equipped with the tenth valve on the pipe outlet pipeline of pigging, and the pipe inlet pipeline of pigging is connected with the entry end of pipe is observed to pigging through first branch pipeline, is equipped with the eleventh valve on the first branch pipeline, and the pipe outlet pipeline of pigging is connected with the exit end of pipe is observed to pigging through the second branch pipeline, is equipped with the twelfth valve on the second branch pipeline, and the entry end of first branch pipeline is located between ninth valve and the main pipeline, and the exit end of second branch pipeline is located between tenth valve and the main pipeline.
The main pipeline is connected in parallel with a fluctuation total pipe section, the fluctuation total pipe section is a transparent organic glass pipe, the fluctuation total pipe section comprises an ascending pipe section, a middle fluctuation pipe section and a descending pipe section which are sequentially connected, the ascending pipe section comprises a first horizontal section and a first upward inclined section which are sequentially connected, the middle fluctuation pipe section is of an inverted V shape, the descending pipe section comprises a second horizontal section and a second upward inclined section which are sequentially connected, and the two ends of the first upward inclined section and the second upward inclined section are correspondingly and hermetically connected with the two ends of the middle fluctuation pipe section.
The experimental device for simulating the airtight conveying of the liquid long conveying pipeline further comprises an air compressor and an air storage tank, wherein the air storage tank is connected with the air compressor, the air compressor is connected with the experimental pipeline, and the air compressor can spray air to the experimental pipeline to clean the inside of the experimental pipeline.
The station control cabinet comprises 1 PLC equipped with Ethernet communication function, 1 frequency converter with remote control function and 1 liquid crystal touch screen with RS485 communication interface, wherein the frequency converter and the liquid crystal touch screen are connected with the PLC, the liquid crystal touch screen can display working flow in the analog pump station, working state of equipment, measured value and set value of an instrument, the liquid crystal touch screen has liquid level switching function, and an operator can control the start and stop of the two water pumps in the analog pump station, the opening and closing of the pneumatic control valve, the mode switching of the variable frequency speed control pump, the rotating speed regulation of the variable frequency speed control pump, the opening regulation of the electric control valve and the sequential action of the pneumatic control valve through the liquid crystal touch screen.
The monitoring and control system also comprises 2 computers, 1 network switch for network communication and 2 network cameras for video monitoring, wherein the 2 computers are provided with configuration software, and the PLC, the 2 computers, the 1 network switch and the 2 network cameras in each station control cabinet are connected through network cables to form a local area network; one of the 2 computers is used for realizing remote control of any one of the simulated pump stations, and the other one of the 2 computers is used for realizing state display and remote control of experimental devices for closed conveying of the simulated liquid long-distance conveying pipeline; each computer is provided with 2 display screens, one screen displays a flow chart of the experimental device, and the other screen displays instrument parameters; each computer can display the flow and equipment state of the whole simulation system, the flow and equipment state of a single simulation pump station, the working state and control interface of a single water pump, the setting interface of a single regulating valve, the control interface of each regulating valve, the instrument parameters of the whole experimental device, the setting station level and the operation authority of a control center level.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the experimental device for simulating the closed conveying of the long-distance liquid conveying pipeline can be used for simulating a long-distance liquid conveying process of the long-distance liquid conveying pipeline, and can simulate various pipeline operation conditions in engineering through switching of equipment switches and valves of a pipeline control system to complete a target experiment. The experimental device is tightly combined with the actual situation of the site, integrates the pipeline conveying process, and has the characteristics of reasonable structure, practical approaching engineering, advanced equipment, safety, environmental protection and the like.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the experimental device simulating the closed conveying of the liquid long-distance conveying pipeline.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the bulk structure of a simulated pump station.
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the construction of a pigging bypass pipe segment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the undulating main pipe section.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a station control cabinet operating panel for a simulated pump station.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the monitoring and control system.
1. The first seat simulates a pump station; 2. the second seat simulates a pump station; 3. a third simulated pump station; 4. a fourth simulated pump station; 5. a liquid storage tank; 6. a landing-crossing pipeline; 7. a main pipeline; 8. an air compressor; 9. a gas storage tank;
11. A pump station inlet pipeline; 12. a pump station outlet pipeline; 13. a first connecting line; 14. a second connecting line; 15. a third connecting line;
21. a first valve; 22. a second valve; 23. a third valve; 24. a fourth valve; 25. a fifth valve; 26. a sixth valve; 27. a seventh valve; 28. an eighth valve;
30. a pipe cleaning bypass pipe section; 31. a pigging inlet line; 32. a pig service barrel; 33. a first ball valve; 34. a tube cleaning observation tube; 35. a second ball valve; 36. a ball collecting cylinder of the pipe cleaner; 37. a pigging outlet line; 38. a ninth valve; 39. a tenth valve; 310. a first branch line; 311. an eleventh valve; 312. a second branch line; 313. a twelfth valve; 314. an exhaust valve; 315. an exhaust valve; 316. a thirteenth valve; 317. a thirteenth valve; 318. a fourteenth valve;
40. undulating a main pipe section; 41. an uphill pipe section; 42. a middle undulating tube section; 43. a downhill pipe section;
51. a control computer; 52. a station control computer; 53. a network switch; 54. a network camera;
13. a first pump; 14. a second pump;
101. a first pump; 102. a second pump; 201. a third pump; 202. a fourth pump; 301. a fifth pump; 302. a sixth pump; 401. a seventh pump; 402. and an eighth pump.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
The utility model provides an experimental apparatus of airtight transport of simulation liquid long distance pipeline, mainly includes the basic hydraulic system and the monitoring and the control system two parts of simulation oil long distance pipeline, the basic hydraulic system of simulation oil long distance pipeline contains liquid storage pot 5 and at least one simulation pump station, liquid storage pot 5 with the simulation pump station passes through experimental pipeline in series connection, a simulation pump station contains two water pumps, a two water pumps in the simulation pump station can be operated in the mode of establishing ties, parallel operation or the mode operation of independent work respectively, the monitoring and the control system is used for detecting and controlling the operation of experimental apparatus of this airtight transport of simulation liquid long distance pipeline, as shown in figure 1 and figure 2.
In this embodiment, the experimental pipeline in an analog pump station includes a pump inlet pipeline 11 and a pump outlet pipeline 12, the two pumps are a first pump 101 and a second pump 102 respectively, one end of the pump inlet pipeline 11 is connected with an inlet of the first pump 101, one end of the pump outlet pipeline 12 is connected with an outlet of the second pump 102, an outlet of the first pump 101 is connected with the pump outlet pipeline 12 through a first connecting pipeline 13, an inlet of the second pump 102 is connected with the pump inlet pipeline 11 through a second connecting pipeline 14, the first connecting pipeline 13 and the second connecting pipeline 14 are connected through a third connecting pipeline 15, one of the two pumps is a power frequency constant speed pump, and the other of the two pumps is a variable frequency speed pump. The inlet pump station pipeline 11 is provided with a first valve 21, the first valve 21 is positioned between the inlet of the first pump 101 and the second connecting pipeline 14, the first connecting pipeline 13 is sequentially provided with a second valve 22 and a third valve 23, the second valve 22 is positioned between the outlet of the first pump 101 and the third connecting pipeline 15, the second connecting pipeline 14 is sequentially provided with a fourth valve 24 and a fifth valve 25, the fourth valve 24 is positioned between the inlet of the second pump 102 and the third connecting pipeline 15, the fifth valve 25 is positioned between the third connecting pipeline 15 and the inlet pump station pipeline 11, the third connecting pipeline 15 is provided with a sixth valve 26, the outlet pump station pipeline 12 is sequentially provided with a seventh valve 27 and an eighth valve 28, the seventh valve 27 is positioned between the outlet of the second pump 102 and the first connecting pipeline 13, and the eighth valve 28 is positioned between the first connecting pipeline 13 and the other end of the outlet pump station pipeline 12.
In this embodiment, this experimental apparatus for simulating airtight transportation of long-distance liquid conveying pipeline includes four simulated pump stations with the same structure, which are arranged at equal intervals along the experimental pipeline, the four simulated pump stations are respectively a first simulated pump station 1, a second simulated pump station 2, a third simulated pump station 3 and a fourth simulated pump station 4, the first simulated pump station 1, the second simulated pump station 2, the third simulated pump station 3, the fourth simulated pump station 4 and the liquid storage tank 5 are connected in series through the experimental pipeline to form a closed loop, the second simulated pump station 2, the third simulated pump station 3 and the fourth simulated pump station 4 are connected in parallel with a station crossing pipeline 6, and a station crossing valve is arranged on the station crossing pipeline 6. The experimental pipeline is connected with 2 sections of special working condition demonstration pipe sections in parallel, and the 2 sections of special working condition demonstration pipe sections are a pipe cleaning bypass pipe section 30 and a fluctuation main pipe section 40 respectively.
Specifically, each pump station is equipped with 2 small stainless steel centrifugal pumps (a first pump 101 and a second pump 102, one is a power frequency constant speed pump, and one is a variable frequency speed pump). 2 centrifugal pumps of each pump station can be operated singly or 2 centrifugal pumps can be operated in series or in parallel. In order to be convenient for adjust the characteristic of every pump station, the 1 st pump of every pump station is the power frequency constant speed pump, and the 2 nd pump can operate at the power frequency, also can carry out the speed governing operation through the converter. By the arrangement, the adjustment range of each pump station is very large, and the device can meet the requirements of various experimental working conditions. Each water pump is provided with an inlet valve and an outlet valve which are manual ball valves. The serial-parallel flow switching of 2 pumps can be realized through 3 pneumatic ball valves. A pressure regulating valve is also provided at the outlet of the station for regulating the pressure at the outlet. The pump, pneumatic ball valve and electric regulating valve can be controlled by computer.
The inlet and outlet of each water pump are respectively provided with 1 pressure gauge for indicating the pressure at the inlet and outlet, and the inlet and outlet positions of the station are respectively provided with 1 pressure transmitter for measuring the inlet and outlet pressure of the pump station (the first pump station is not provided with an inlet pressure transmitter). The first station and the last station are provided with electromagnetic flow meters, the data of the meters can be collected by a PLC controller of each station in a control area and are intensively displayed by a station control HMI panel or a remote central control computer, and the meters adopted by the device are all industrial-grade meters.
Each simulation pump station is provided with a station control cabinet, each station control cabinet comprises 1 PLC with an Ethernet communication function, 1 frequency converter with a remote control function and 1 liquid crystal touch screen with an RS485 communication interface, the frequency converter and the liquid crystal touch screen are connected with the PLC, the liquid crystal touch screen can display the working flow in the simulation pump station, the working state of equipment, the measured value and the set value of an instrument, the liquid crystal touch screen has a liquid level switching function, an operator can provide buttons in interface software on the screen and soft keys on the touch screen to switch functional pages, start and stop of a water pump in the pump station, opening and closing of a pneumatic ball valve, mode switching of the variable frequency pump, rotation speed adjustment of the variable frequency pump, opening adjustment of an electric adjusting valve and operation of sequential actions of the pneumatic ball valve. The station control cabinet is responsible for on-site start-stop control of two water pumps of the station, switching of a flow switching valve and switching of No. 2 pump power frequency variable frequency work, and data acquisition and transmission. The control can be remotely operated by a computer or a station control HMI device.
In this embodiment, the experimental device for simulating the airtight transportation of the long liquid transportation pipeline comprises a plurality of simulated pump stations, the experimental pipeline comprises a plurality of main pipelines 7 which are connected with the outlets of the simulated pump stations in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the experimental device for simulating the airtight transportation of the long liquid transportation pipeline is further used for placing a truss of the main pipelines 7, wherein the truss comprises a plurality of storage layers arranged along the vertical direction. Each main pipeline 7 comprises two serpentine coils, the two serpentine coils are arranged in two adjacent storage layers in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the two serpentine coils are communicated, the length of each serpentine coil is 76 meters, and each serpentine coil is a seamless stainless steel tube. The experimental device for simulating the closed conveying of the liquid long-distance conveying pipeline comprises four sections of main pipelines 7, and only three sections are shown in fig. 1 due to the size of the drawing.
Specifically, the pipe diameter of the experimental pipeline is mainly a seamless stainless steel pipe with DN25, the material is SS304, and the connection mode of the pipeline is welding and flange. The connecting pipeline in the simulated pump station mainly realizes functions of entering station pressurization, serial-parallel flow switching of 2 water pumps and the like. Various detection meters of the station are also installed on this part of the pipeline. Main pipeline 7 refers to the pipeline of the simulated long pipeline, is the biggest equipment in the loop device, and the main pipeline of the device adopts DN25 seamless stainless steel pipe, the pipe length is 610.2 meters, the pipe diameter is 1 inch, the main pipeline is 8 layers altogether, the bottommost layer is erected on the truss, each layer of snakelike is coiled for 2 circles of pipelines, the single layer is 76 meters, the pipeline between the pump stations is 2 layers from bottom to top in sequence from the outlet of the first pump station, and the pipeline returns to the water tank from the 8 th layer. The auxiliary pipelines are pipelines connected with the main pipeline and are mainly used for connecting water tanks, gas tanks, emptying, exhausting and other functions.
In this embodiment, the main pipeline 7 between the second simulated pump station 2 and the third simulated pump station 3 is connected in parallel with a pipe cleaning bypass pipe section 30, and the pipe cleaning bypass pipe section 30 comprises a pipe cleaning inlet pipeline 31, a pipe cleaning device ball sending cylinder 32, a first ball valve 33, a pipe cleaning observation pipe 34, a second ball valve 35, a pipe cleaning device ball receiving cylinder 36 and a pipe cleaning outlet pipeline 37 which are connected in sequence. The pig launching tube 32 and the pig receiving tube 36 are both existing devices, the pig launching tube 32 can throw cleaning steel balls into the pig viewing tube 34, and the pig receiving tube 36 can recover the cleaning steel balls in the pig viewing tube 34. The pigging observation tube 34 is a transparent organic glass tube, the pigging inlet pipeline 31 is provided with a ninth valve 38, the pigging outlet pipeline 37 is provided with a tenth valve 39, the pigging inlet pipeline 31 is connected with the inlet end of the pigging observation tube 34 through a first branch pipeline 310, the first branch pipeline 310 is provided with an eleventh valve 311, the pigging outlet pipeline 37 is connected with the outlet end of the pigging observation tube 34 through a second branch pipeline 312, the second branch pipeline 312 is provided with a twelfth valve 313, the inlet end of the first branch pipeline 310 is positioned between the ninth valve 38 and the main pipeline 7, and the outlet end of the second branch pipeline 312 is positioned between the tenth valve 39 and the main pipeline 7, as shown in fig. 3.
Specifically, in order to better observe the motion of the pig, the pipe diameter of the pig bypass pipe section 30 is DN50, the pig observation pipe 34 is a transparent pipe section of organic glass with a length of 12m, two ends are stainless steel pipes with a length of 1.8m, and the pig observation pipe is connected with a transparent pipe section flange. The two ends of the pipe section are respectively provided with a pipe cleaner ball sending cylinder and a pipe cleaner ball receiving cylinder, and the pipe cleaner ball sending cylinder and the pipe cleaner ball receiving cylinder are provided with an exhaust valve and a discharge valve. One end of the ball receiving and sending cylinder is provided with 1 DN50 stainless steel ball valve, and the other end is provided with a quick-opening blind plate, and the ball receiving and sending cylinder can be opened and closed by a special spanner. The pipe section is used for demonstrating basic operation of a receiving and transmitting pipe cleaner in an oil delivery station of a long-distance oil delivery pipeline, and the movement process of the pipe cleaner in the pipeline can be observed.
When the loop normally operates, the operation of receiving and sending the pipe cleaner can be set, firstly, the pipe cleaner is put into the ball sending cylinder, the diameter of the pipe cleaner can be 0.9-1.2 times of the inner diameter of the pipe, the quick-opening blind plate is closed, whether the ball receiving cylinder equipment is good or not is checked, the pipeline is switched to the bypass pipe section, after the operation is normal, the connecting valve of the ball receiving cylinder and the pipeline is firstly opened, if the air is opened, the exhaust valve is emptied, after the sealing is checked, the pipe cleaner is formally operated, the pipe cleaner is sent, the connecting valve of the ball sending cylinder and the main pipeline is opened, the pipe cleaner enters the pipe cleaner bypass section along with fluid, the middle 12m is the state that the transparent pipe section can observe the operation process of the pipe cleaner and push the preset solid particles to operate, after the pipe cleaner enters the ball receiving cylinder, the flow is switched to the bypass ball receiving cylinder, the pressure is released to the ball receiving cylinder, the quick-opening blind plate is opened again to take out, the pipe cleaner is cleaned, the abrasion condition of the pipe cleaner is checked, and records are made. If the pipe cleaning experiment is not needed to be carried out again, the process is switched to the original main pipeline process, the bleeder valve is opened to release the fluid in the pipe cleaning bypass pipe section, and the equipment is in the equipment state and is ready for the next use.
In this embodiment, the main pipeline 7 is connected in parallel with a relief main pipe section 40, and the relief main pipe section 40 is a transparent organic glass pipe for demonstrating the phenomenon of stopping and flooding of the long-distance pipeline relief pipeline and controlling high-point pressure. The undulating general pipe section 40 includes an ascending pipe section 41, an intermediate undulating pipe section 42 and a descending pipe section 43 which are connected in sequence, the ascending pipe section 41 includes a first horizontal section and a first upward inclined section which are connected in sequence, the intermediate undulating pipe section 42 is of an inverted V shape, the descending pipe section 43 includes a second horizontal section and a second upward inclined section which are connected in sequence, and the first upward inclined section and the second upward inclined section are correspondingly and hermetically connected with both ends of the intermediate undulating pipe section 42, as shown in fig. 4.
Specifically, the undulating main pipe section 40 is disposed between the second simulated pump station 2 and the third simulated pump station 3, and can be closed when other experiments are performed. As shown in fig. 3, the pipe diameter of the undulating main pipe section 40 is DN25, the whole pipe section is 6.2 meters long, the ascending pipe section and the descending pipe section are respectively provided with a stainless steel pipe section with the length of 2.1 meters, the intermediate undulating section is a transparent organic glass pipe and is in flange connection with the stainless steel pipe section, the included angle between the inclined section and the horizontal section is about 135 degrees, the pressure is controlled through the second seat simulating the outlet pressure regulating valve of the pump station 2, the condition of incomplete flow caused by too low pressure in the pipeline during stop can be realized, and meanwhile, two ends of the pipe section are respectively provided with a cut-off valve which can be used for realizing the high-point pressure control of the simulated pipeline.
When the pipeline normally operates, the pipeline between the second simulated pump station 2 and the third simulated pump station 3 is switched to the fluctuating pipe section, the pressure is regulated through the pressure regulating valve at the outlet of the second simulated pump station 2, the fluid movement condition and the pipeline pressure change in the pipeline after the pipeline is stopped, or the valves at the two ends of the fluctuating section are closed when the pipeline is stopped, and compared with the condition that the valves are not closed, the high-point pressure control process and the necessity of the pipeline are researched and understood.
In this embodiment, the experimental device for the closed conveying of the simulated liquid long-conveying pipeline further comprises an air compressor 8, an air storage tank 9, a data acquisition system and a control unit, wherein the air storage tank 9 is connected with the air compressor 8, the air compressor 8 is connected with the experimental pipeline, the air compressor 8 can spray air into the experimental pipeline to enable the experimental pipeline to be clean, the data acquisition system can acquire experimental data of the experimental device for the closed conveying of the simulated liquid long-conveying pipeline, the control unit can control operation of the experimental device for the closed conveying of the simulated liquid long-conveying pipeline, and the data acquisition system is connected with the control unit (computer).
Specifically, the external net volume of the liquid storage tank 5 in the device is about 0.6m 3 The stainless steel water tank is an open normal pressure container. The water return port is arranged on the side surface of the upper part of the tank, and the water outlet is arranged on the bottom of the tank. The water level in the tank can be displayed by a glass tube liquid level meter at the side surface of the water tank. The bottom of the water tank is provided with a water outlet pipeline and a vent valve. When the experiment is completed, the drain valve at the bottom of the tank can control the drain, and the water in the tank is drained. The tank serves as both the first injection tank and the last receiving tank. The water tank and the first simulated pump station 1 are provided with a Y-shaped stainless steel filter, and the connection mode is threaded connection. The air compressor 8 provides a driving air source, a line sweeping of a pipeline and the like for starting the flow valve, and the accumulated water in the pipeline is purged completely after the experiment is finished, and the air compressor is connected with the air storage tank.
The device is provided with a set of simplified three-level control system. The system omits part of auxiliary systems in the actual pipeline, but retains the basic structure of the long-distance pipeline SCADA system and the main functions of the process control system. The local control level is based on the PLC controller and the local hard switch control of the buttons on the station control cabinet (as shown in figure 5), the station control system is based on an HMI embedded control system, and the control center level is a remote central control computer which communicates through Ethernet. The station PLC can collect field signals, record and display all analog quantities and control state quantities. Through the monitoring system, the start and stop operations of the water pumps in all the simulated pump stations can be completed by a computer in a control area, and can also be completed by a manual or station control HMI in the field. The outlet regulating valve of each pump station is provided with an electric actuator, and the remote control and display of the valve position can be carried out by a computer or a station control HMI, and the system also has the field manual operation function. The two water pump units of each pump station can work in parallel or in series, and can operate by a single pump, the working flow is switched by switching 3 pneumatic valves in 4 operation modes, the pneumatic valve switching flow can be automatically/manually operated by a central control computer and a station control HMI panel, and meanwhile, the on-site station control cabinet can also manually switch the valves on site by keys. These functions are substantially consistent with the current modes of operation on site, through which trained personnel can initially learn the multi-stage control modes of the on-site piping.
Specifically, the monitoring and control system further includes 2 computers, 1 network switch 53 for network communication, 2 network cameras 54 for video monitoring, where the 2 computers are all installed with configuration software and are installed with configuration programs matched with an analog system, and each of the PLCs in the station control cabinet, the 2 computers, the 1 network switch and the 2 network cameras are connected through network cables to form a local area network; as shown in fig. 6, one of the 2 computers is used for realizing remote control of any one of the simulated pump stations, and the other one of the 2 computers is used for realizing state display and remote control of the experimental device for the closed conveying of the simulated liquid long-distance conveying pipeline. The equipment forms a simple SCADA system of the pipeline simulation device, and realizes a three-level control mode of a site level, a station level and a control center level of the simulation device.
Each computer is provided with 2 display screens, one screen displays a flow chart of the experimental device, and the other screen displays instrument parameters; the configuration program can graphically display the flow and equipment state of the whole simulation system, so that each computer can display the flow and equipment state of the whole simulation system, the flow and equipment state of a single simulation pump station, the working state and control interface of a single water pump, the setting interface of a single regulating valve, the control interface of each regulating valve, the instrument parameters of the whole experimental device, the setting station level and the operation authority of a control center level.
The main technological process of the device is set up by imitating the main operation process of the current long-distance oil pipeline. 4 simulated pump stations are arranged along the line of the whole pipeline to form a closed hydraulic system, and the closed hydraulic system is consistent with the basic flow of the closed oil transportation mode used by the existing long-distance pipeline. The flowing medium of the device is water and is stored in a water tank. The water tank here is both the first tank and also the last tank of the pipeline. Water flows into a No. 1 pump station (a first simulated pump station 1) from the water tank, and enters a pipeline after being pressurized. The pump station No. 1 is the head station of the simulation pipeline, and other pump stations except the pump station No. 1 also have a station crossing flow. Each pump station is internally provided with 2 small centrifugal pumps, so that series and parallel operation can be realized, wherein 1 pump station can control the rotating speed and is used for simulating the speed regulating pump of the field pipeline. A section of demonstration section is further arranged on the pipe section between the No. 2 pump station and the No. 3 pump station, and comprises a pipe cleaner receiving and sending pipe section and a fluctuating pipe section. The water conveyed in the pipeline sequentially passes through each pump station and the pipeline and finally flows back to the water tank.
The control center system of the control unit uses the configuration software as a development platform to develop a system operation interface and a database system and communicates with the PLC. And (4) carrying out centralized control on the 4 pump stations on the whole line based on a control interface of a computer. Through the interface of the total flow, the system can enter into the process system of each station to know the relevant parameters of the working condition of the pump station, operate the pump and the valve of each station, and automatically switch the flow and control the PID of the outlet regulating valve of the pump station.
According to the technological process, the experimental device is matched with the oil gas storage and transportation specialized teaching, and the following experiment can be carried out:
1. "Pump-to-Pump" closed delivery experiment
2. Pipeline dynamic adjustment experiment
3. Experiment of abnormal working condition of pipeline
4. Pipeline blockage condition experiment
5. Pipeline leakage working condition experiment
6. Demonstration experiment for pipeline receiving and transmitting cleaner
7. Demonstration experiment for non-full flow working condition of pipeline
The following will be described specifically: for convenience of description, the first, second, third and fourth simulated pump stations 1, 2, 3 and 4 are referred to as pump station 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively.
1. Pipeline starting and conveying device
The long-distance pipeline teaching experiment loop uses water as an experiment medium, and a real loop is used as a control object. A series of preparations were made before the experiment started.
First, the valve chambers of each station are entered, the flow is switched to the series flow manually or automatically, and each station regulating valve is regulated to 100% opening. And sequentially entering the valve chambers of all stations, and starting the No. 1 pump one by one from the first station to the last station.
After the first pump 101 of the first station (pump station 1) is started, water in the pipeline starts to flow, and the inlet and outlet pressures of the stations are raised. The station 1 has the highest outlet pressure, the station 4 has the lowest outlet pressure, and the outlet pressures of the stations 2-4 are all smaller than the inlet pressure due to friction in the station.
The third pump 201, the fifth pump 301 and the seventh pump 401 are started in sequence, the maximum and minimum values of the pressure curves are observed, the inlet pressure of each station is ensured to be not lower than the minimum inlet pressure, and the outlet pressure is ensured to be not higher than the maximum allowable operation pressure.
As the pumps of the stations turn on, the flow increases. After stabilization, the flow of each pump station is basically consistent, the pressure is kept constant, the pipeline automatically reaches an equilibrium state, and a closed conveying experiment of single-pump operation is completed, as shown in fig. 6.
2. Pipeline stop
Stopping transportation is also one of the normal conditions of closed transportation. Maintaining the on-off state of each shut-off valve and regulating valve, stopping the pump assembly of each station in the following order: seventh pump 401- > fifth pump 301- > third pump 201- > first pump 101- > eighth pump 402- > sixth pump 302- > fourth pump 202- > second pump P102.
3. Pressure surmounting station
In normal operation of the pipeline, for some reason, intermediate stations need to be reduced, and these temporarily shut down stations require pressure to be at a higher level. And when the pressure crosses the station, the opening degree of the regulating valve matched with the upstream and downstream stations is required to be paid attention to, so that the downstream pressure after the pressure crosses the station is ensured not to be too low, and cavitation of the downstream pump station is avoided.
Taking the station 3 as an example, each pump station is only started with a constant speed pump in the initial state, and the flow and the pressure are kept in the balanced state. The outlet pressure regulating valve of the station No. 3 is slowly closed, the upstream pressure of the station No. 3 is increased, and the downstream pressure is reduced. In order to ensure that the inlet pressure of the station No. 4 is not too low, the outlet regulating valve of the station No. 4 is closed to a small opening degree, and the throttle is suppressed, so that the inlet pressure of the station No. 4 is sufficiently high.
The outlet pressure regulating valve of the station No. 3 is switched to an automatic mode, and PID control is implemented on the outlet pressure. Station 3 then stops pumping and the downstream pressure drops slightly. The station 4 outlet pressure is at a controllable safety level due to the previous throttle holding pressure of station 4. Before the station is beyond, a certain friction exists in the station No. 3, and the water is braked by a pump.
And finally, manually opening the beyond station ball valve, wherein the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the station No. 3 disappears, and the pipeline reaches an equilibrium state. Throughout the station crossing process, the flow rate gradually decreases from the initial 3.28m 3 The/h is reduced to 2.77m 3 /h。
4. Pigging operation
When the loop is in normal operation, the operation of receiving and transmitting the pipe cleaner can be set, firstly, the pipe cleaner is put into the ball sending cylinder, the quick-opening blind plate is closed, whether the ball receiving cylinder equipment is good or not is checked, namely, the eleventh valve 311 and the twelfth valve 313 are opened, the fourteenth valve 318 on the original main pipe section is closed, the normal operation pipeline is switched to the bypass pipe section, after the normal operation is performed, firstly, the first ball valve 33 and the tenth valve 39 of the ball receiving cylinder and the pipeline are opened, if air is present, the exhaust valve 314 is opened for exhausting, after the check that the sealing is good, the leakage and the equipment problem are avoided, the twelfth valve 313 is closed, then the pipe cleaner is formally transmitted, the ninth valve 38 and the second ball valve 35 connected with the main pipeline are opened for exhausting, the pipe cleaner enters the bypass section along with fluid, the middle 12m is the transparent pipe section, the running process of the pipe cleaner and the running state of the solid particles which are set in advance can be observed, after the pipe cleaner enters the ball receiving cylinder, the eleventh valve 311 and the twelfth valve 313 are opened, the second valve 35, the tenth valve 39, the ninth valve 38 and the first ball valve 33 are closed, the pipe cleaner is formally opened, the pipe cleaner is taken out from the ball receiving cylinder and the ball receiving cylinder is correspondingly opened for exhausting the pipe cleaner, the pressure is opened for the normal pressure, the pipe cleaner is cleaned, and the normal pressure is cleaned, and the pipe cleaner is opened, and the normal pressure is cleaned. If the pipe cleaning experiment is not needed again, the process is switched to the original main pipeline process, namely the fourteenth valve 318 of the main pipeline is opened, the eleventh valve 311 and the twelfth valve 313 are closed, the bleeder valve is opened to release the fluid in the pipe cleaning bypass pipe section, and the equipment is in the equipment state for the next use.
The foregoing description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, so that the substitution of equivalent elements or equivalent variations and modifications within the scope of the invention shall fall within the scope of the patent. In addition, the technical characteristics and technical scheme, technical characteristics and technical scheme can be freely combined for use.
Claims (7)
1. The experimental device for simulating the closed conveying of the liquid long-distance conveying pipeline is characterized by comprising the following components:
the basic hydraulic system for simulating the long-distance oil product conveying pipeline comprises a liquid storage tank (5) and at least one simulated pump station, wherein the liquid storage tank (5) and the simulated pump station are connected in series through an experimental pipeline, the simulated pump station comprises two water pumps, and the two water pumps in the simulated pump station can be operated in a serial mode, a parallel mode or a mode of respectively and independently working;
the monitoring and control system is used for detecting and controlling the operation of the experimental device for the closed conveying of the simulated liquid long-distance conveying pipeline;
the experimental device for simulating the closed conveying of the liquid long conveying pipeline comprises a plurality of simulated pump stations, wherein each experimental pipeline comprises a plurality of main pipelines (7) which are connected with the outlets of the simulated pump stations in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the experimental device for simulating the closed conveying of the liquid long conveying pipeline also comprises a truss for placing the main pipelines (7), wherein the truss comprises a plurality of storage layers arranged along the vertical direction;
Each main pipeline (7) comprises two serpentine coils which are arranged in two adjacent storage layers in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the two serpentine coils are communicated, and each serpentine coil is a seamless stainless steel pipe;
the main pipeline (7) is connected with a pipe cleaning bypass pipe section (30) in parallel, and the pipe cleaning bypass pipe section (30) comprises a pipe cleaning inlet pipeline (31), a pipe cleaner ball sending cylinder (32), a first ball valve (33), a pipe cleaning observation pipe (34), a second ball valve (35), a pipe cleaner ball receiving cylinder (36) and a pipe cleaning outlet pipeline (37) which are connected in sequence;
the pipe cleaning observation pipe (34) is a transparent organic glass pipe, a ninth valve (38) is arranged on the pipe cleaning inlet pipeline (31), a tenth valve (39) is arranged on the pipe cleaning outlet pipeline (37), the pipe cleaning inlet pipeline (31) is connected with the inlet end of the pipe cleaning observation pipe (34) through a first branch pipeline (310), an eleventh valve (311) is arranged on the first branch pipeline (310), the pipe cleaning outlet pipeline (37) is connected with the outlet end of the pipe cleaning observation pipe (34) through a second branch pipeline (312), a twelfth valve (313) is arranged on the second branch pipeline (312), the inlet end of the first branch pipeline (310) is positioned between the ninth valve (38) and the main pipeline (7), and the outlet end of the second branch pipeline (312) is positioned between the tenth valve (39) and the main pipeline (7);
The main pipeline (7) is also connected with a fluctuation total pipe section (40) in parallel, the fluctuation total pipe section (40) is a transparent organic glass pipe, the fluctuation total pipe section (40) comprises an ascending pipe section (41), a middle fluctuation pipe section (42) and a descending pipe section (43) which are sequentially connected, the ascending pipe section (41) comprises a first horizontal section and a first ascending inclined section which are sequentially connected, the middle fluctuation pipe section (42) is of an inverted V shape, the descending pipe section (43) comprises a second horizontal section and a second ascending inclined section which are sequentially connected, and the first ascending inclined section and the second ascending inclined section are correspondingly and hermetically connected with two ends of the middle fluctuation pipe section (42).
2. The experimental device for simulating closed conveying of a liquid long-distance pipeline according to claim 1, wherein in a simulated pump station, the experimental pipeline comprises a pump inlet pipeline (11) and a pump outlet pipeline (12), the two pumps are a first pump (101) and a second pump (102) respectively, one end of the pump inlet pipeline (11) is connected with an inlet of the first pump (101), one end of the pump outlet pipeline (12) is connected with an outlet of the second pump (102), an outlet of the first pump (101) is connected with the pump outlet pipeline (12) through a first connecting pipeline (13), an inlet of the second pump (102) is connected with the pump inlet pipeline (11) through a second connecting pipeline (14), the first connecting pipeline (13) is connected with the second connecting pipeline (14) through a third connecting pipeline (15), one of the two pumps is a power frequency constant speed pump, and the other of the two pumps is a variable frequency speed pump;
Be equipped with first valve (21) on advancing pump station pipeline (11), first valve (21) are located between the entry of first pump (101) and second connecting line (14), be equipped with second valve (22) and third valve (23) on first connecting line (13) in proper order, second valve (22) are located between the export of first pump (101) and third connecting line (15), be equipped with fourth valve (24) and fifth valve (25) on second connecting line (14) in proper order, fourth valve (24) are located between the entry of second pump (102) and third connecting line (15), fifth valve (25) are located between third connecting line (15) and advancing pump station pipeline (11), be equipped with sixth valve (26) on third connecting line (15), be equipped with seventh valve (27) and eighth valve (28) on the pump station pipeline (12) in proper order, seventh valve (27) are located between export of second pump (102) and first connecting line (13), eighth valve (28) are located between the other end of first connecting line (13) and pump station (12).
3. The experimental device for the closed conveying of the simulated liquid long-conveying pipeline according to claim 2, wherein the experimental device for the closed conveying of the simulated liquid long-conveying pipeline comprises a plurality of simulated pump stations connected in series through the experimental pipeline, and each simulated pump station is internally provided with 2 pressure transmitters and 1 water pump frequency converter; this 2 pressure transmitter is connected with advance pump station pipeline (11) and go out pump station pipeline (12) one-to-one, this water pump converter with variable frequency speed pump is connected, eighth valve (28) are electric control valve, and third valve (23), fifth valve (25) and sixth valve (26) are pneumatic control valve, all are provided with 1 electric flowmeter on advance pump station pipeline (11) and go out pump station pipeline (12), monitoring and control system including set up in every station accuse cabinet in the simulation pump station, pressure transmitter, electric control valve, pneumatic control valve, water pump converter and electric flowmeter all are connected with this station accuse cabinet.
4. The experimental device for the closed conveying of the simulated liquid long-conveying pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the experimental device for the closed conveying of the simulated liquid long-conveying pipeline comprises four simulated pump stations with the same structure, which are arranged at equal intervals along the experimental pipeline, the four simulated pump stations with the same structure are a first simulated pump station (1), a second simulated pump station (2), a third simulated pump station (3) and a fourth simulated pump station (4), the first simulated pump station (1), the second simulated pump station (2), the third simulated pump station (3), the fourth simulated pump station (4) and the liquid storage tank (5) are connected in series through the experimental pipeline to form a closed loop, and the second simulated pump station (2), the third simulated pump station (3) and the fourth simulated pump station (4) are connected in parallel with a station crossing pipeline (6) and a station crossing valve.
5. The experimental device for the closed conveying of the simulated liquid long conveying pipeline according to claim 1, further comprising an air compressor (8) and an air storage tank (9), wherein the air storage tank (9) is connected with the air compressor (8), the air compressor (8) is connected with the experimental pipeline, and the air compressor (8) can spray air into the experimental pipeline to clean the inside of the experimental pipeline.
6. The experimental device for simulating closed conveying of a liquid long-distance conveying pipeline according to claim 3, wherein the station control cabinet comprises 1 PLC with an Ethernet communication function, 1 frequency converter with a remote control function and 1 liquid crystal touch screen with an RS485 communication interface, and the frequency converter and the liquid crystal touch screen are connected with the PLC;
the liquid crystal touch screen can display the working flow in the simulated pump station, the working state of equipment, the measured value and the set value of the instrument, has a liquid level switching function, and can control the start and stop of the two water pumps, the opening and closing of the pneumatic regulating valve, the mode switching of the variable frequency speed regulating pump, the rotating speed regulation of the variable frequency speed regulating pump, the opening regulation of the electric regulating valve and the sequential action of the pneumatic regulating valve in the simulated pump station.
7. The experimental device for simulating closed transportation of a long liquid transportation pipeline according to claim 3, wherein the monitoring and control system further comprises 2 computers, 1 network switch for network communication and 2 network cameras for video monitoring, the 2 computers are all provided with configuration software, and the PLC, the 2 computers, the 1 network switch and the 2 network cameras in each station control cabinet are connected through network cables to form a local area network;
One of the 2 computers is used for realizing remote control of any one of the simulated pump stations, and the other one of the 2 computers is used for realizing state display and remote control of experimental devices for closed conveying of the simulated liquid long-distance conveying pipeline;
each computer is provided with 2 display screens, one screen displays a flow chart of the experimental device, and the other screen displays instrument parameters;
each computer can display the flow and equipment state of the whole simulation system, the flow and equipment state of a single simulation pump station, the working state and control interface of a single water pump, the setting interface of a single regulating valve, the control interface of each regulating valve, the instrument parameters of the whole experimental device, the setting station level and the operation authority of a control center level.
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| CN110176175A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-08-27 | 镇江华瑞节能科技有限公司 | A kind of fluid system that can simulate operating condition |
| CN112836447A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-05-25 | 西安理工大学 | Integrated interactive pipeline transient flow demonstration system and method |
| CN117472116B (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-03-19 | 徐州鸿丰高分子材料有限公司 | Intelligent material conveying control system |
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