CN106930414A - A kind of bucket ear consolidation process structure of ancient building along body mouthful sets of brackets on top of the columns - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of bucket ear reinforcement treatment structure for the arch of the mouth of the ancient building. The bucket ears are supplementary bucket ears. Set up a dovetail notch A, respectively set up a dovetail notch B at the corresponding position on the upper surface of the bucket under the dovetail notch A, insert silver ingot tenons in the dovetail notch A and dovetail notch B, so that The supplementary bucket lugs are fixed on the upper surface of the bucket flat, and a cradle is opened through the upper and lower sides of the supplementary bucket lugs at the middle position of the inner elevation of each supplementary bucket lug, and a corresponding opening is opened on the bucket flat upper surface below the cradle. The notch, the tenon is inserted into the notch and the mortise, and the shape of the tenon matches the notch and the mortise. On the basis of not changing the raw materials and construction technology, the bucket arch component of the ancient building along the body The ears are reinforced, and the trimmed bucket arch structure is exactly the same as the original bucket arch shape.

Description

A kind of reinforcement treatment structure of bucket ears along the body and mouth of bucket arches in ancient buildings

technical field

The invention relates to the protection and repair of bucket arch components in the wooden frame system of ancient buildings, in particular to a reinforcement treatment structure for bucket ears of bucket arches along the body and mouth of ancient buildings.

Background technique

Dougong is a relatively independent category in the wooden frame system of ancient buildings. There was a special "dougong work" in woodwork in the Qing Dynasty. "Doukou" generally refers to the engraved openings on all bucket pieces, which can be divided into straight mouth and cross mouth. "Shunshenkou" is a method of making bucket pieces in Song-style buildings, also known as "shunshen opening", which refers to the chiseled form of the opening of the bucket. Open to both sides (as shown in Figure 1), therefore, there are only two ears. Dou adopting the "shunshenkou" structure mainly includes non-jumping dou, loose dou, qixin dou, interactive dou and so on. The arches in "Shunshenkou" include Guazi Arch, Slow Arch, and Ling Arch. In addition to the flat pan bucket, the "dou" is composed of three parts: bucket ear, bucket level and bucket bucket (as shown in Figure 2).

"Dou Er" is an accessory part of the large wooden buckets of ancient buildings, that is, the upper part of all open buckets, and flat buckets have no "ears", and those that open along the body have two "ears", such as loose buckets, trough shengzi, etc. The "ears" have the function of placing arches or angs and preventing them from being misplaced.

Because the number of bucket arch components is the largest, and they are small components, the structure is complex and full of changes. Various components overlap each other, and the remaining effective cross-sections are generally very small. Due to the external force of the entire bucket arch, such as the outward rolling of the eaves, the sinking of the columns, and the skewing of the beam frame, the various components of the bucket arch will be displaced due to uneven force, so twisting, flashing and deformation are often accompanied by craters. Squeeze, broken tenon and broken ears, flattened and flattened buckets, slipping of small buckets, etc.

The reinforcement and repair technology of the bucket ears in the existing ancient buildings in my country is: sawing and chiseling the roots of the broken ears of the Shunshen bucket pieces, and then using hard miscellaneous wood to supplement them according to the size and style of the original bucket ears. Utilize the chemical adhesive to stick the supplemented bucket lugs to the upper surface of the bucket flat, and nail them with iron nails. Although this reinforcement measure has strong rigidity in the short term, it has insufficient flexibility, durability, and torsion resistance. First of all, the chemical adhesive is a kind of colloid, which is easy to oxidize in the air and has poor durability. If the ears bonded together are exposed to the atmosphere for a long time, the adhesive is prone to aging and brittleness, resulting in the replacement of the bucket ears. The ears are separated from the upper surface of the bucket arch, and the integrity is reduced; moreover, the structure reinforced by iron nails has weak torsion resistance. In case of uneven subsidence of the foundation or ground vibration, the torsion of the bucket arch will easily cause the iron nails and the bucket ears and the bucket flat. The connection parts between the upper surfaces are loose, which causes the reinforcement member at the junction of the bucket lugs to fail, so that the safety of the bucket lugs is still threatened. Secondly, the degree of dryness and wetness of the wood used for the repair and reinforcement of the bucket ear is difficult to be consistent with that of the original bucket material. During the gradual drying process, the degree of shrinkage is different. The different dry and wet expansion and contraction can easily cause cracks in the adhesive and embedded buckets. The nails in the parts are loose. In addition, the wooden components are often damaged during the process of nailing the ears with iron nails; the raw materials and construction techniques of the wooden structure of ancient buildings have been changed, and the reinforcement of the wooden structure with metal parts is achieved by "embedding" or "fixing". , this irreversible reinforcement technology is not only not conducive to the maintenance or replacement of reinforcements, but also not conducive to the protection of wooden structures.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a bucket ear reinforcement treatment structure for an ancient building's Shunshenkou bucket arch. On the basis of not changing the raw materials and construction technology, the bucket ears of the ancient building's Shunshenkou bucket arch component are reinforced. .

In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical solution adopted is: a kind of bucket ear reinforcement treatment structure of the bucket arch along the body and mouth of the ancient building. Each is provided with a bucket ear, and the bucket lug is the supplementary bucket lug that is exactly the same as the bucket lug before reinforcement. The bucket flat and the supplementary bucket ear are detachable. For a flat plane, a dovetail notch A is provided in the middle of the lower surface of each supplementary ear along the body direction, and a dovetail is respectively provided at the corresponding position on the upper surface of the bucket below the dovetail notch A. The shape of the dovetail notch A and the dovetail notch B is interspersed with the silver ingot tenon. On the upper surface of the upper surface of the silver ingot tenon, the planes of both ends of the silver ingot tenon are flush with the planes of the two ends of the supplementary ear, and a mortise is opened through the upper and lower sides of the supplementary ear in the middle of the inner elevation of each supplementary ear. A notch is correspondingly opened on the flat upper surface of the bucket below the mouth. The cross-sectional shape of the notch is the same as that of the mortise. Insert a tenon into the notch and the mortise. The shape of the tenon matches the notch and the mortise. , the top surface of the tenon is flush with the upper surface of the supplementary bucket lug.

The silver ingot tenon of the present invention is made of hard miscellaneous wood.

The mortise and tenon of the present invention is made of hard miscellaneous wood.

The cross-sectional shape of the socket in the present invention is rectangular or dovetail.

The notch of the present invention communicates with the dovetail notch A.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

First of all, this patented technology can greatly improve the integrity of bucket arch components in ancient buildings, reduce the probability of damage to the overall stability of bucket parts due to inconsistent expansion and shrinkage of new and old materials, and strengthen the bucket ears in the process of earthquakes and uneven foundation settlement. Excellent anti-torsion performance, effectively reducing the number of bucket repairs.

Secondly, this kind of reinforcement structure uses less materials, is very convenient to process, and the actual reinforcement operation process is relatively simple. , it only needs to replace the inserted hard miscellaneous wood silver ingot tenon and the rectangular tenon as a horizontal tie in the front and rear directions.

To sum up, it can be reflected that this combination of silver ingot tenon threading belt and tenon insertion reinforcement technology not only improves the stability, durability, At the same time, it shows great advantages in repair and replacement, and has broad development prospects in the future.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the detailed structure of the bucket arch;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation after repairing of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. Douji, 2. Douping, 3. Supplementary bucket ears, 4. Dovetail-shaped notch A, 5. Dovetail-shaped notch B, 6. Silver ingot tenon, 7. Mortise, 8. Notch , 9, mortise, 10, along the mouth.

detailed description

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, a bucket ear reinforcement treatment structure of a bucket arch along the body and mouth of an ancient building. There is a bucket ear, and the bucket 1, bucket level 2 and bucket ears before reinforcement are integrally formed, and the bucket ears in this patent are supplementary bucket ears 3 that do not need to be reinforced in the same shape and size as the bucket ears before reinforcement. The shape of the flat 2 is still the original shape and size, that is, the bucket ear is cut off from the bucket flat 2 and replaced with the matching bucket ear 3. The lower surface of the supplementary ear 3 is a flat plane, and a dovetail-shaped notch A 4 is provided in the middle of the lower surface of each supplementary ear 3 along the body direction, below the dovetail-shaped notch A 4 A dovetail-shaped notch B 5 is provided at the corresponding position on the upper surface of the bucket flat 2, and the dovetail-shaped notch B 5 is opened along the direction of the bucket flat body, running through both ends of the bucket flat 2, and between the dovetail-shaped notch A 4 and the dovetail-shaped notch A 4 . The silver ingot tenon 6 is interspersed in the notch B5, and the shape of the silver ingot tenon 6 matches the dovetail notch A4 and the dovetail notch B5, so that the supplementary bucket ear 3 is fixed on the upper surface of the bucket flat 2, and the two sides of the silver ingot tenon 6 The end plane is flush with the planes of both ends of the supplementary ear 3, and in the middle of the inner elevation of each supplementary ear 3, a socket 7 is opened through the upper and lower sides of the complementary ear 3, and the socket 7 below the socket 7 A notch 8 is correspondingly opened on the upper surface of the bucket flat 2, and the cross-sectional shape of the notch 8 is the same as that of the mortise 7, and the tenon 9 is inserted into the notch 8 and the notch 7, and the shape of the tenon 9 is the same as that of the groove. The mouth 8 matches the mortise 7, the top surface of the mortise 9 is flush with the upper surface of the complementary bucket ear 3, and the trimmed bucket arch structure is completely consistent with the original bucket arch shape.

The sectional shape of the mortise 7 is rectangular or dovetail. When the mortise adopts different shapes, the corresponding tenon and notch will also change together to ensure the complete matching of the three parts.

Described notch 8 is communicated with dovetail notch A 4, promptly controls the section size of mortise and the section size of dovetail notch, makes notch 8 just in time communicate with dovetail notch A 4 after opening is completed, like this When the slot is inserted into the notch 8, the bottom end of the slot is pressed against the silver ingot tenon 6, and the two tenons are squeezed against each other. In case of an earthquake or sudden vibration, the mutual extrusion and friction between the tenon and the tenon will consume the energy of the earthquake. energy.

Example 1

"Sandou" is a large wooden bucket arch component in ancient buildings. It is the name of Song-style buildings. Support a layer of square or arched bucket-shaped wooden blocks." "Scattered buckets" are similar to Sancaisheng and troughshengzi in Qing-style architecture, and they are both slotted along the body, and they are the most commonly used buckets in wooden structures. In ancient building repair projects, due to the large number of "loose buckets", the damage of broken ears is very serious. This patented technology can be used for reinforcement and repair of such buckets with broken ears.

The reinforcement steps are as follows: First, saw and chisel the remaining roots of the broken bucket ears, and use dry and hard miscellaneous wood to supplement them according to the size and style of the original bucket ears. A dovetail-shaped notch A is opened in the body direction, and then a dovetail-shaped notch B of the same size and style is also opened on the upper surface of the bucket level corresponding to the dovetail-shaped notch A of the bucket ear, and then made of hard miscellaneous wood. Two silver ingot tenons, the silver ingot tenons are interspersed in the dovetail-shaped notches on the bucket ears and the flat surface of the bucket, and the supplementary bucket ears and bucket parts are fixed together through this kind of silver ingot tenons, which are strengthened in the up and down and left and right directions. It ensures the integrity between the bucket ear and the bucket piece, and the silver ingot tenon resists the torque generated by the arch placed along the mouth of the bucket piece to the bucket ears on both sides. Secondly, a rectangular mortise or dovetail-shaped mortise is respectively opened in the middle of the inner elevation of the two supplementary bucket ears, and a rectangular notch or dovetail-shaped notch is also opened at the corresponding position on the upper surface of the bucket to ensure that The cross-sectional size of the notch is the same as the mortise on the bucket ear, and then, use two rectangular or dovetail mortises to tie the supplementary hard miscellaneous wood bucket ear and the bucket piece in the front and back horizontal direction, which not only strengthens the The overall strength and flexibility in the horizontal direction, at the same time, can resist the relative displacement of the bucket ears and the bucket level in the front and rear horizontal directions, avoiding the inconsistency between the new and old wood dry and wet changes between the supplemented bucket ears and the original bucket pieces the impact caused. This combination of mortise and mortise threading and insertion greatly improves the integrity of the reinforced part of the bucket. In case of an earthquake or sudden vibration, the mutual extrusion and friction between the mortise and mortise can consume seismic energy and reduce the The torsional force damages the overall structure of the bucket parts. There are silver ingot tenon and rectangular tenon in the horizontal direction to strengthen the overall tie force. The torsional moment exerted by the arch on the bucket ears can strengthen the overall strength of the bucket and improve the safety performance of the bucket.

Example 2

"栌斗" is an arch component made of big wood in an ancient building. It is the name of the Song-style building and is the largest bucket piece in the Dougong family. The Qing-style buildings are named "Zuo Dou" and "Da Dou". There are two types of mouths along the body and cross mouths in the "Cutou", and the mouth along the body has two ears. The reinforcement and repair of the ears along the mouth of the body can adopt the technical solution of this patent, and its reinforcement steps are the same as in Example 1.

Claims (5)

1. A kind of ear-reinforced structure of the bucket arch along the body and mouth of an ancient building. There is a bucket lug on each side, which is characterized in that: the bucket lug is the supplementary bucket lug (3) which is exactly the same as the bucket lug before reinforcement, and the bucket flat (2) and supplementary bucket lug (3) are detachable , the upper surface of the bucket flat (2) and the lower surface of the complementary bucket ear (3) are flat planes, and a dovetail shape is set in the middle of the lower surface of each complementary bucket ear (3) Notch A (4), set a dovetail notch B (5) at the corresponding position on the upper surface of the bucket level (2) below the dovetail notch A (4), respectively set a dovetail notch B (5) in the dovetail notch A (4) The silver ingot tenon (6) is interspersed with the dovetail notch B (5). The shape of the silver ingot tenon (6) matches the dovetail notch A (4) and the dovetail notch B (5), so that the matching bucket ear (3) Fixed on the upper surface of the bucket flat (2), the planes of both ends of the silver ingot tenon (6) are flush with the planes of both ends of the supplementary bucket ears (3), on the inner side of each supplementary bucket ear (3) In the middle of the facade, there is a through mouth (7) on the upper and lower sides of the supplementary bucket ear (3), and a notch (8) is correspondingly opened on the upper surface of the bucket flat (2) below the mouth (7). The notch ( 8) The cross-sectional shape is the same as that of the mortise (7), insert the tenon (9) into the notch (8) and the mortise (7), the shape of the tenon (9) is the same as that of the notch (8) ) matches the mortise (7), and the top surface of the tenon (9) is flush with the upper surface of the supplementary lug (3). 2. The ear-reinforced structure of the arch along the body and mouth of an ancient building according to claim 1, characterized in that: the silver ingot tenon (6) is made of hard miscellaneous wood. 3. The ear-reinforced structure of the arch along the body and mouth of an ancient building as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: said mortise (9) is made of hard miscellaneous wood. 4. The bucket ear reinforcement treatment structure of the bucket arch along the body and mouth of an ancient building according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross-sectional shape of the socket (7) is rectangular or dovetail. 5. The bucket ear reinforcement treatment structure of the bucket arch along the body of the ancient building according to claim 1, characterized in that: the said notch (8) communicates with the dovetail-shaped notch A (4).