CN106929781B - A kind of preparation method of high-strength aluminum alloy pin shaft - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of high-strength aluminum alloy pin shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN106929781B CN106929781B CN201511010110.7A CN201511010110A CN106929781B CN 106929781 B CN106929781 B CN 106929781B CN 201511010110 A CN201511010110 A CN 201511010110A CN 106929781 B CN106929781 B CN 106929781B
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007745 plasma electrolytic oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of aluminum alloy part, and the method includes the steps of: i) extruding aluminium alloy blank, obtains aluminum alloy part blank；Ii solid solution and ageing treatment) are carried out to aluminum alloy part blank；The temperature of solid solution is 450 DEG C~500 DEG C；The time of solid solution is 0.5 hour~3 hours；The temperature of timeliness is 100 DEG C~160 DEG C；The time of timeliness is 20 hours~30 hours.Aluminum alloy part of the present invention has preferable anti-fatigue performance and higher intensity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of aluminum alloys, especially a kind of preparation method of high-strength aluminum alloy pin shaft.
Background technique
Pin shaft bears higher shearing and bending load at work, often to wear and the failure of the form of fatigue.Currently,
Engineering machinery field uses the alloy steel materials such as 40Cr, 42CrMo, 35CMo for raw material, via quenched → turning → grinding → table
The method of face chromium plating prepares pin shaft.Wherein, the method production cycle of modifier treatment is long, and energy consumption is high, and at high cost, environmental pollution is tight
Weight.
In addition, on the basis of using quenched and tempered steel, the prior art is also in order to further increase the wear-resisting property of pin shaft and intensity
Chrome-faced is replaced using technology generations such as surface hardening and case-carbonizings.This method is while improving pin shaft surface hardness, moreover it is possible to
The mutation of its radial performance is eliminated, service life is promoted.But the process flow of surface hardening and case-carbonizing is complicated, it is at high cost,
Pollution is big.
Summary of the invention
In view of one or more problems existing in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of aluminium alloys zero
The preparation method of part (such as pin shaft), it is also another object of the present invention to provide a kind of high-strength aluminum alloy parts (such as pin shaft)
Preparation method, it is also another object of the present invention to provide a kind of high-strength aluminum alloy parts (such as pin shaft).
Inventors have found that using specific al alloy component, specificity can be prepared in the distinctive technique of the cooperation present invention
The aluminum alloy materials of energy, the aluminum alloy materials are particularly suitable for preparing aluminum alloy part, especially aluminium alloy pin shaft.The present invention
Aluminium alloy pin shaft has preferable comprehensive performance, especially has preferable anti-fatigue performance and intensity.
Above-mentioned discovery based on inventor, the present invention provide the content of following several respects:
First aspect present invention provides a kind of preparation method of aluminum alloy part, and the method includes the steps of:
I) extruding aluminium alloy blank obtains aluminum alloy part blank；
Ii solid solution and ageing treatment) are carried out to aluminum alloy part blank；
The temperature of solid solution is 450 DEG C~500 DEG C；
The time of solid solution is 0.5 hour~3 hours；
The temperature of timeliness is 100 DEG C~160 DEG C；
The time of timeliness is 20 hours~30 hours.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, wherein the temperature of solid solution is 460 DEG C
~480 DEG C, preferably 465 DEG C~475 DEG C, such as 470 DEG C~480 DEG C.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, wherein the time of solid solution is 1 hour
~2.5 hours, such as 1.5~2 hours.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, wherein the temperature of timeliness is 110 DEG C
~150 DEG C, such as 120 DEG C~130 DEG C, then such as 145 DEG C~155 DEG C.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, wherein the time of timeliness is 20 hours
~30 hours, such as 22 hours~30 hours, such as 22~26 hours, such as 23,24 or 25 hours again.
In a preferred embodiment, any one of the aforementioned method of the present invention, the matter of each element in aluminum alloy blank
Measure percentage are as follows:
Si:0.3%~0.5% (such as 0.35%~0.45%, then for example 0.4%)；
Fe:0.4%~0.6% (such as 0.45%~0.55%, then for example 0.5%)；
Cu:1.0%~2.2% (such as 1.2%~2.0%, then such as 1.7%~2.0%)；
Mg:2.0%~3.0% (such as 2.1%~2.9%, then such as 2.4%~2.7%)；
Mn:0.25%~0.4% (such as 0.25%~0.35%, then such as 0.3%~0.4%)；
Cr:0.15%~0.3% (such as 0.15%~0.25%, then such as 0.22%~0.3%)；
Zn:5.0%~6.5% (such as 5.1%~6.0%, then such as 5.5%~6.0%)；
Ti:0.1%~0.3% (such as 0.15%~0.25%, then for example 0.2%)；
Al: surplus；
Optionally, wherein also including other impurity elements, the mass percent of other impurity elements are as follows: every kind of impurity element
≤ 0.05%, total amount≤0.15%.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, wherein the parameter of extruding is selected from following
It is one or more:
A) extrusion ratio is 6~30 (such as 10~25, then such as 15~20, then such as 7.2,9.0 or 25)；
B) squeezing temperature is 350 DEG C~500 DEG C (such as 360 DEG C~460 DEG C, then such as 400 DEG C~500 DEG C, then such as
450℃)；
C) extrusion speed is 1.5m/min~10m/min (such as 2m/min~8m/min, then such as 4m/min~6m/
Min, then such as 2.5m/min or 3m/min).
Extrusion ratio can refer to: the ratio between the cross-sectional area of product after the cross-sectional area of the blank before extruding and extruding.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, this method further include: ultrasound judgement is squeezed
The area Ya Fei simultaneously removes the step of squeezing useless area.The step of ultrasound judgement squeezes useless area and removes extruding useless area preferably in step i) and
Ii it is carried out between).For example, ultrasound judges the useless area of the extruding of aluminum alloy part blank and removes the useless area of extruding.It is preferred that using ultrasound
Defectoscope judgement squeezes useless area.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, this method further include: machining
Step.The step of machining, preferably carries out after step ii).For example, according to actual needs, after solid solution and ageing treatment
Aluminum alloy part blank be machined, obtain needed for size machined piece.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, this method further include surface treatment
Step, the surface treatment are preferably differential arc oxidation or anodic oxidation.The step of surface treatment, is preferably the step of being machined
It carries out later.For example, being surface-treated to machined piece.Surface treatment can increase the wearability of piece surface.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, wherein the parameter of differential arc oxidation is choosing
From below one or more:
D) electrolyte is selected from NaOH solution, Na3PO4Solution, Na2SiO3Solution or combinations thereof；
E) pH value of electrolyte is 8~9 (such as 8.3~8.7)；
F) temperature of electrolyte is 20 DEG C~80 DEG C (such as 40 DEG C~60 DEG C, then such as 45~55 DEG C)；
G) oxidization time is 2 hours~6 hours (such as 2.5 hours~4 hours, then such as 3 hours~3.5 hours).
H) differential arc oxidation voltage 485V~510V (such as 490V~500V), anode current are 5A~6A (such as 5.5A).
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, aluminum alloy blank or aluminum alloy part
Blank is rodlike.
In a preferred embodiment, any one of the aforementioned method of the present invention, aluminum alloy blank by semicontinuous or
The method of continuously casting obtains.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, in semicontinuous or continuously casting, knot
The bore of brilliant device be prepared aluminum alloy part diameter 2.5 times~5.5 times (such as 2.7 times~5 times, then such as 3 times, 4 times or
4.5 times).
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, the diameter of aluminum alloy blank are aluminium conjunction
2.5 times of metal parts diameter~5.5 times (such as 2.7 times~5 times, then such as 3 times, 4 times or 4.5 times).
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, the aluminum alloy blank is semisolid
Blank.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, one that this approach includes the following steps
Step or multistep:
1) aluminum alloy blank is obtained using semicontinuous or continuously casting；
2) aluminum alloy blank is squeezed, aluminum alloy part blank is obtained；
3) ultrasound judgement squeezes useless area, and removes the useless area of extruding；
4) solid solution and ageing treatment are carried out to aluminum alloy part blank；
5) it is machined；
6) it is surface-treated.
In a preferred embodiment, any one of the aforementioned method of the present invention, this method is according to by 1) suitable to 6)
Sequence carries out.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, one that this approach includes the following steps
Step or multistep:
1) the aluminium alloy billet blank that diameter is preferably 135mm~250mm is made using semi-continuous casting, by weight,
Al alloy component can be with are as follows: Si:0.35%~0.45%, Fe:0.45%~0.5%, Cu:1.2%~2.0%, Mg:2.1%
~2.7%, Mn:0.25%~0.35%, Cr:0.2%~0.3%, Zn:5.1%~6%, Ti:0.15%~0.25%, Al:
Surplus；
2) extruding aluminium alloy blank, extrusion ratio can be 7.2~25, and squeezing temperature can be 360 DEG C~450 DEG C, squeeze
Speed can be 2.5m/min~4.0m/min, obtain extrusion blank part；
3) judge that extrusion blank part squeezes the size in useless area using reflectoscope, removal squeezes useless area；
4) solid solution and ageing treatment are carried out to aluminium alloy blank, solid solubility temperature can be 465 DEG C~475 DEG C, when solid solution
Between can be 1 hour~2.5 hours, aging temp can be 110 DEG C~150 DEG C, and aging time can be 22 hours~26 small
When.
5) the aluminium alloy blank after fixation rates is machined to the size of required part (pin shaft), obtains machine
Tool machining blanks part.
6) surface by micro-arc oxidation processing is carried out to machining blank, electrolyte can be Na3PO4, NaOH or
Na2SiO3Solution, the pH value of electrolyte can be 8~9, and electrolyte temperature can be 40 DEG C~55 DEG C, and the time of differential arc oxidation can
Think 2.5 hours~3.5 hours.
Fig. 2 shows a kind of flow charts of high-strength aluminum alloy pin shaft preparation method of the invention, as shown, excellent at one
In the embodiment of choosing, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, this method can successively include one or more steps below: melting
Alloy casts semisolid billet, extruding obtains extruding charge bar, ultrasound determines extrusional slug area, fixation rates, machining, table
Surface by micro-arc oxidation, and then obtain high-strength aluminum alloy pin shaft.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention, the aluminum alloy part is aluminium alloy
Pin shaft.
Second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of aluminum alloy part, and the method for the aforementioned any one of the present invention is prepared.
In a preferred embodiment, any one of the aforementioned aluminum alloy part of the present invention, have with the next item down or
Multinomial feature:
I) surface hardness is 170HV~210HV (for example, 180HV~200HV, then for example, 190HV~200HV, then example
For example 194HV~190HV)；
J) fatigue load: in the fatigue load experiment that maximum load is 50 tons, at least 500,000 times not broken, preferably at least
1000000 times are not broken, further preferably at least 1,200,000 times it is not broken, further preferably at least 1,500,000 times it is not broken.
In a preferred embodiment, fatigue load test of the present invention is three-point bending fatigue test, using sine
Loading method, maximum load are 50 tons (or 255MPa), and minimum load is 40 tons (or 204MPa), cycle period 3s.
Third aspect present invention provides a kind of aluminum alloy part, with following one or more features:
I) surface hardness is 160HV~210HV (for example, 170HV~200HV, then for example, 180HV~200HV, then example
For example 190HV~200HV)；
J) fatigue load: under 50 tons of load at least 500,000 times it is not broken, preferably at least 1,000,000 times are not broken, further preferably
At least 1,200,000 times are not broken, further preferably at least 1,500,000 times it is not broken.
In a preferred embodiment, the aluminum alloy part of the aforementioned any one of the present invention, the aluminum alloy part are
Aluminium alloy pin shaft.
In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of aluminium alloy pin shaft of the invention be preferably 30mm~70mm (such as
40mm~60mm, then such as 50mm), the length of aluminium alloy pin shaft is preferably 100mm~300mm (such as 200mm~250mm).
In the present invention, surface hardness and fatigue test are tested using following methods:
Surface hardness test: being tested using micro-vickers hardness testing machine, and specific steps are referred to GB/T 4340.1-
2009。
Fatigue test method: this test carries out testing fatigue using the pin shaft finished product after molding and processing.As shown in figure 3,
Three-point bending fatigue test is carried out on dedicated fatigue tester, by pin shaft whole installation on corresponding test fixture, so
The force value of corresponding tonnage is loaded into tooling afterwards.Specifically, pin shaft 1 is fixed in two supports 3, is applied with loading 2 pairs of pin shafts
Load lotus.The length d1 of load 2 is about 110mm, and supporting 3 length d2 is about 55mm.Using sinusoidal load mode, maximum load
(i.e. the wave crest of sine wave) is 50 tons, and minimum load (i.e. the trough of sine wave) is 40 tons, cycle period 3s.It is subjected to pin shaft
Cyclic Load records number when its fatigue fracture.
Unless stated otherwise, heretofore described solution all can be aqueous solution；Heretofore described % all can be matter
Measure %.
"≤" represents less than or is equal in the present invention, and " >=" indicates to be greater than or equal to.
In the specification and in the claims the amount of all expression compositions, reaction condition etc. number in all cases
It is understood that be modified by term " about ", unless otherwise specified.Correspondingly, it is given in the following specification and the appended claims
Numerical parameter out is approximation, the desired property that can be attempted according to the present invention and change, unless there are opposite
Instruction.At least, and be not intended to limit application of the doctrine of equivalents in scope of the claims, each numerical parameter should at least according to
The digit for the effective digital reported simultaneously rounds up technology and explains according to common.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
The present invention uses specific al alloy component and specific processing step, and high-performance aluminium alloy pin has been prepared
Axis, the aluminium alloy pin shaft have the advantages that following one or more:
(1) wearability of aluminium alloy pin shaft of the present invention is preferable, and surface hardness is higher；
(2) fatigue behaviour of aluminium alloy pin shaft of the present invention is preferable, such as fatigue strength is high, or such as fatigue life again
It is long；
(4) light weight of aluminium alloy pin shaft of the present invention；
(5) preparation method of aluminium alloy pin shaft of the present invention has step simple, at low cost, environmental-friendly, time-consuming short etc. by one
Item or multiple advantages.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes part of this application, this hair
Bright illustrative embodiments and their description are used to explain the present invention, and are not constituted a limitation of the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the pin shaft of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart of high-strength aluminum alloy pin shaft preparation method of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of fatigue experimental device of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The aluminium alloy billet blank for using semi-continuous casting that diameter is made as 135mm, by weight, al alloy component are as follows:
Si:0.4, Fe:0.45, Cu:1.7, Mg:2.4, Mn:0.3, Cr:0.2, Zn:5.5, Ti:0.2, Al: surplus.Using horizontal type extruding
Machine forward extrusion aluminum alloy blank, extrusion ratio 7.2, squeezing temperature is 360 DEG C, extrusion speed 4m/min, obtains and squeezes hair
Blank.Judge that extrusion blank part squeezes the size in useless area using reflectoscope, measuring and squeezing useless area is aluminium alloy blank
Head 420mm and tail portion 450mm, removal squeeze useless area.Solid solution is carried out to aluminium alloy blank and ageing treatment, solid solubility temperature are
465 DEG C, solution time is 2.5 hours, and aging temp is 110 DEG C, and aging time is 26 hours.By the aluminium after fixation rates
Alloy blank part is machined to the size of required part (pin shaft), obtains machining blank.To machining blank
Carry out surface by micro-arc oxidation processing, electrolyte Na3PO4Aqueous solution, the pH value of electrolyte are 8.3, and electrolyte temperature is 40 DEG C,
The 3 hours time of differential arc oxidation, differential arc oxidation voltage 500V, anode current 5.5A.Obtain embodiment 1 aluminium alloy pin shaft at
Product.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the aluminium alloy pin shaft of embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1, the size of the aluminium alloy pin shaft is diameter
φ 50mm, length 220mm.
Through detecting, the surface hardness of the aluminium alloy pin shaft is 190HV.It, should in flexural fatigue load test stabilization of the invention
Aluminium alloy pin shaft recycles 1,500,000 times under the maximum stress of 50 tons (being equivalent to 255MPa, similarly hereinafter), is not broken.
Embodiment 2
The aluminium alloy billet blank for using semi-continuous casting that diameter is made as 150mm, by weight, al alloy component are as follows:
Si:0.4, Fe:0.5, Cu:1.2, Mg:2.1, Mn:0.3, Cr:0.22, Zn:5.1, Ti:0.2, Al: surplus.Using horizontal type extruding
Machine forward extrusion aluminum alloy blank, extrusion ratio 9.0, squeezing temperature is 400 DEG C, and extrusion speed 3.0m/min is squeezed
Blank.Judge that extrusion blank part squeezes the size in useless area using reflectoscope, measuring the useless area of extruding is aluminium alloy blank
Head 510mm and tail portion 460mm, removal squeezes useless area.Solid solution and ageing treatment, solid solubility temperature are carried out to aluminium alloy blank
It is 470 DEG C, solution time is 2 hours, and aging temp is 120 DEG C, and aging time is 24 hours.By the aluminium after fixation rates
Alloy blank part is machined to the size of required part (pin shaft), obtains machining blank.To machining blank
Surface by micro-arc oxidation processing is carried out, electrolyte is NaOH aqueous solution, and the pH value of electrolyte is 8.7, and electrolyte temperature is 55 DEG C, micro-
Time 2.5 hours of arc oxidation, differential arc oxidation voltage 485V, anode current 5A.Obtain embodiment 2 aluminium alloy pin shaft at
Product, the size of the aluminium alloy pin shaft are diameter phi 50mm, length 220mm.
Through detecting, the surface hardness of the aluminium alloy pin shaft is 194HV.It, should in flexural fatigue load test stabilization of the invention
Aluminium alloy pin shaft recycles 1,500,000 times under 50 tons of maximum stress, is not broken.
Embodiment 3
The aluminium alloy billet blank for using semi-continuous casting that diameter is made as 250mm, by weight, al alloy component are as follows:
Si:0.4, Fe:0.5, Cu:2.0, Mg:2.7, Mn:0.3, Cr:0.3, Zn:6.0, Ti:0.2, Al: surplus.Using horizontal type extruding
Machine forward extrusion aluminum alloy blank, extrusion ratio 25, squeezing temperature is 450 DEG C, extrusion speed 2.5m/min, obtains and squeezes hair
Blank.Judge that extrusion blank part squeezes the size in useless area using reflectoscope, measuring and squeezing useless area is aluminium alloy blank
Head 320mm and tail portion 460mm, removal squeeze useless area.Solid solution is carried out to aluminium alloy blank and ageing treatment, solid solubility temperature are
475 DEG C, solution time is 1 hour, and aging temp is 150 DEG C, and aging time is 22 hours.Aluminium after fixation rates is closed
Golden blank is machined to the size of required part (pin shaft), obtains machining blank.To machining blank into
The processing of row surface by micro-arc oxidation, electrolyte Na2SiO3Aqueous solution, the pH value of electrolyte are 8.7, and electrolyte temperature is 40 DEG C, micro-
Time 3.5 hours of arc oxidation, differential arc oxidation voltage 500V, anode current 5.5A.Obtain embodiment 3 aluminium alloy pin shaft at
Product, the size of the aluminium alloy pin shaft are diameter phi 50mm, length 220mm.
Through detecting, the surface hardness of the aluminium alloy pin shaft is 198HV.It, should in flexural fatigue load test stabilization of the invention
Aluminium alloy pin shaft recycles 1,500,000 times under 50 tons of maximum stress, is not broken.
Comparative example 1:
The aluminium alloy billet blank for using semi-continuous casting that diameter is made as 100mm, al alloy component are as follows: Si:0.4, Fe:
0.5, Cu:1.8, Mg:2.5, Mn:0.3, Cr:0.3, Zn:6.0, Ti:0.2, Al: surplus.Using horizontal extruder forward extrusion
Aluminum alloy blank, extrusion ratio 4, squeezing temperature is 520 DEG C, extrusion speed 8.0m/min, obtains extrusion blank part.Using super
Reflectoscope judges that extrusion blank part squeezes the size in useless area, measure squeeze head 400mm that useless area is aluminium alloy blank and
Tail portion 560mm, removal squeeze useless area.Solid solution and ageing treatment are carried out to aluminium alloy blank, solid solubility temperature is 420 DEG C, solid solution
Time is 3.5 hours, and aging temp is 180 DEG C, and aging time is 10 hours.By the aluminium alloy blank after fixation rates
It is machined to the size of required part (pin shaft), obtains machining blank.It is micro- that surface is carried out to machining blank
Arc oxidation processes, electrolyte Na2SiO3Aqueous solution, the pH value of electrolyte are 8, and electrolyte temperature is 40 DEG C, differential arc oxidation when
Between 3 hours, differential arc oxidation voltage 510V, anode current 6A.Obtain the aluminium alloy pin shaft finished product of comparative example 1, the aluminium alloy pin
The size of axis is diameter phi 50mm, length 220mm.
Through detecting, the surface hardness of the aluminium alloy pin shaft is 158HV.It, should in flexural fatigue load test stabilization of the invention
Aluminium alloy pin shaft recycles 15.3 ten thousand times under 50 tons of maximum stress, is broken.
As it can be seen that the surface hardness of aluminium alloy pin shaft of the present invention is higher, fatigue behaviour is also preferable, and fatigue strength is high, the tired longevity
Life length.Aluminium alloy pin shaft of the present invention has preferable comprehensive performance.
Finally it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments for pipe, it should be understood by those ordinary skilled in the art that: still
It can modify to a specific embodiment of the invention or some technical features can be equivalently replaced；Without departing from this hair
The spirit of bright technical solution should all cover within the scope of the technical scheme claimed by the invention.
Claims (30)
1. a kind of preparation method of aluminum alloy part, the method includes the steps of:
I) extruding aluminium alloy blank obtains aluminum alloy part blank；
Ii solid solution and ageing treatment) are carried out to aluminum alloy part blank；
Wherein, the temperature of solid solution is 450 DEG C~500 DEG C；
The time of solid solution is 0.5 hour~3 hours；
The temperature of timeliness is 110 DEG C~150 DEG C；
The time of timeliness is 20 hours~30 hours；
Wherein, the parameter of extruding includes:
A) extrusion ratio is 6~30；
B) squeezing temperature is 350 DEG C~500 DEG C；
C) extrusion speed is 1.5m/min~10m/min；
Wherein, in aluminum alloy blank each element mass percent are as follows:
Si:0.3%~0.5%；
Fe:0.4%~0.6%；
Cu:1.0%~2.2%；
Mg:2.0%~3.0%；
Mn:0.25%~0.4%；
Cr:0.15%~0.3%；
Zn:5.0%~6.5%；
Ti:0.1%~0.3%；
Al: surplus.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the temperature of solid solution is 460 DEG C~480 DEG C.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the temperature of solid solution is 465 DEG C~475 DEG C.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the temperature of solid solution is 470 DEG C~480 DEG C.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the time of solid solution is 1 hour~2.5 hours.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the time of solid solution is 1 hour~2 hours.
7. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the temperature of timeliness is 120 DEG C~130 DEG C.
8. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the temperature of timeliness is 145 DEG C~150 DEG C.
9. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the time of timeliness is 26 hours~30 hours.
10. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the time of timeliness is 22 hours~30 hours.
11. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the time of timeliness is 22~26 hours.
12. according to the method described in claim 1, in aluminum alloy blank each element mass percent are as follows:
Si:0.35%~0.45%；
Fe:0.45%~0.55%；
Cu:1.2%~2.0%；
Mg:2.1%~2.9%；
Mn:0.25%~0.35%；
Cr:0.15%~0.25%；
Zn:5.1%~6.0%；
Ti:0.15%~0.25%；
Al: surplus.
13. according to the method described in claim 1, in aluminum alloy blank each element mass percent are as follows:
Si:0.4%；
Fe:0.5%；
Cu:1.7%~2.0%；
Mg:2.4%~2.7%；
Mn:0.3%~0.4%；
Cr:0.22%~0.3%；
Zn:5.5%~6.0%；
Ti:0.2%；
Al: surplus.
It also include other impurity elements in aluminum alloy blank 14. according to claim 1,12,13 described in any item methods,
The mass percent of its impurity element are as follows: every kind of impurity element≤0.05%, total amount≤0.15%.
15. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the parameter of extruding is selected from the following one or more:
A) extrusion ratio is 10~25；
B) squeezing temperature is 360 DEG C~460 DEG C；
C) extrusion speed is 2m/min~8m/min.
16. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the parameter of extruding is selected from the following one or more:
A) extrusion ratio is 15~20；
B) squeezing temperature is 400 DEG C~500 DEG C；
C) extrusion speed is 4m/min~6m/min.
17. according to the method described in claim 1, this method further includes the steps that surface treatment.
18. according to the method for claim 17, the surface treatment is differential arc oxidation or anodic oxidation.
19. according to the method for claim 18, wherein the parameter of differential arc oxidation is selected from the following one or more:
D) electrolyte is selected from NaOH solution, Na3PO4Solution, Na2SiO3Solution or combinations thereof；
E) pH value of electrolyte is 8~9；
F) temperature of electrolyte is 20 DEG C~80 DEG C；
G) oxidization time is 2 hours~6 hours；
H) differential arc oxidation voltage 485V~510V, anode current are 5A~6A.
20. according to the method described in claim 1, this method further include: ultrasound judgement, which squeezes useless area and removes, squeezes useless area
Step.
21. according to the method described in claim 1, this method further include: the step of machining.
22. according to the method described in claim 1, the aluminum alloy blank is semi-solid blank.
23. according to the method described in claim 1, method includes the following steps:
1) aluminum alloy blank is obtained using semicontinuous or continuously casting；
2) aluminum alloy blank is squeezed, aluminum alloy part blank is obtained；
3) ultrasound judgement squeezes useless area, and removes the useless area of extruding；
4) solid solution and ageing treatment are carried out to aluminum alloy part blank；
5) it is machined；
6) it is surface-treated.
24. the bore of crystallizer is the conjunction of prepared aluminium according to the method for claim 23, in semicontinuous or continuously casting
2.5 times of metal parts diameter~5.5 times.
25. described in any item methods according to claim 1~13, the aluminum alloy part is aluminium alloy pin shaft.
26. a kind of aluminum alloy part is prepared by the described in any item methods of claim 1~25.
27. aluminum alloy part according to claim 26, with following one or more features:
I) surface hardness is 170HV~210HV；
J) fatigue load: in the fatigue load experiment that maximum load is 50 tons or 255MPa, at least 500,000 times not broken.
28. aluminum alloy part according to claim 27, with following one or more features:
I) surface hardness is 180HV~200HV；
J) fatigue load: in the fatigue load experiment that maximum load is 50 tons or 255MPa, at least 1,000,000 times not broken.
29. aluminum alloy part according to claim 27, with following one or more features:
I) surface hardness is 190HV~200HV；
J) fatigue load: in the fatigue load experiment that maximum load is 50 tons or 255MPa, at least 1,200,000 times not broken.
30. aluminum alloy part according to claim 27, with following one or more features:
I) surface hardness is 194HV~190HV；
J) fatigue load: in the fatigue load experiment that maximum load is 50 tons or 255MPa, at least 1,500,000 times not broken.
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