CN106929747B - A kind of solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron and its production method - Google Patents
A kind of solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106929747B CN106929747B CN201710203048.6A CN201710203048A CN106929747B CN 106929747 B CN106929747 B CN 106929747B CN 201710203048 A CN201710203048 A CN 201710203048A CN 106929747 B CN106929747 B CN 106929747B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron and its production methods, its matrix includes the ferrite that mass percent is more than 80%, and solution strengthening is carried out to ferrite using silicon (Si) element, the wherein mass percent shared by each component is：Carbon (C)：2.9 3.5%, silicon (Si)：3.0 4.8%, manganese (Mn)：0.0001 0.3%, phosphorus (P)：0.0001 0.07%, copper (Cu)：0.0001 0.2%, chromium (Cr)：0.0001 0.1%, molybdenum (Mo)：0.0001 0.1%, tin (Sn)：0.0001 0.02%, sulphur (S)：0.007 0.020%, magnesium (Mg)：0.008 0.030%, rare earth (RE)：0.010 0.040%, surplus trace element for iron (Fe) and inevitably；Wherein carbon equivalent need to be maintained at 4.2 4.6%, mass percent+(mass percent/3 of silicon) of the carbon equivalent=carbon；The production method of the solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron includes dispensing and fusing, compactedization and inoculation and cooling and unpacks, and the present invention effectively improves the mechanical property and machining property of vermicular cast iron, while reduce the production cost of vermicular cast iron.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal smelt technical fields, and in particular to a kind of vermicular cast iron and its production method, more particularly to
A kind of silicon solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron and its production method.
Background technology
Vermicular iron abbreviation vermicular cast iron, graphite form be in vermiform, in carbon mainly with worm
Shape graphite form is precipitated.The matrix of vermicular cast iron includes ferrite and pearlite：Ferrite is carbon dissolution in α-Fe
Interstitial solid solution, for Cast Iron ferritic with sheet, bulk, needle-shaped and netted presence, pearlite is a kind of by iron element in cast iron
The lamellar tissue that body thin layer and cementite thin layer are formed.In the case where graphite form is identical, the tensile strength of vermicular cast iron is with pearl
Body of light content increases and increases, therefore the intensity that improve vermicular cast iron in the prior art is usually by improving content of pearlite in alloy
To realize.As existing national standards《GB/T 26655-2011 pieces of vermicular cast iron》Specified in like that, grades of v.g. iron from
When RuT300, RuT350, RuT400, RuT450, RuT500 are stepped up, matrix is by pure ferrite, ferrite+pearly-lustre
Body, pearlite+ferrite, pearlite variation.It is this to be had the drawback that by improving content of pearlite in alloy to promote the method for intensity：
The alloying element that Cu, Mo, Sn, Ni etc. promote pearlite to be formed will be added by improving content of pearlite in alloy, so as to which production cost be caused to increase
Add；Simultaneously as content of pearlite in alloy increases, casting hardness also increases, and leads to pearl since casting each section cooling velocity is different
Body of light content is different, and the difference of hardness so as to cause each position of casting also increases therewith, causes machining difficulty, increases machining
Cost also reduces machining accuracy simultaneously.
Application of the silicon solution strengthening technology on vermicular cast iron is not studied and illustrated in the prior art.And mesh
The production method of high silicon molybdenum vermicular cast iron disclosed in the preceding prior art causes it added with high level and expensive Mo
Production cost is too high, limits its application in common occasion.
The information for being disclosed in the background technology part is merely intended to increase the understanding of the general background to the present invention, without answering
When being considered as recognizing or imply that information composition has been the prior art well known to persons skilled in the art in any form.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron and its production method, the vermicular cast irons
Mechanical property and machining property be improved, the cost of production method can also reduce simultaneously.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron, matrix includes
Mass percent is more than 80% ferrite, and carries out solution strengthening to ferrite using silicon (Si) element, and wherein ferrite contains
Amount is measured by standard GB/T/T1954-2008.
Above-mentioned solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron in another embodiment, the quality percentage wherein shared by each component
Than for：Carbon (C)：2.9-3.5%, silicon (Si)：3.0-4.8%, manganese (Mn)：0.0001-0.3%, phosphorus (P)：0.0001-
0.07%, copper (Cu)：0.0001-0.2%, chromium (Cr)：0.0001-0.1%, molybdenum (Mo)：0.0001-0.1%, tin (Sn)：
0.0001-0.02%, sulphur (S)：0.007-0.020%, magnesium (Mg)：0.008-0.030%, rare earth (RE)：0.010-
0.040%, surplus trace element for iron (Fe) and inevitably；Wherein carbon equivalent need to be maintained at 4.2-4.6%, the carbon
The mass percent of equivalent=carbon+(mass percent/3 of silicon).
The ferritic tensile strength of the solution strengthening and hardness obtain similary iron under the conditions of being much larger than known technology
The vermicular cast iron of ferritic content, tensile strength 400-550MPa, hardness 180-220HB, yield tensile ratio (yield strength/tension
Intensity) it is 0.85-0.95；Its principle is to carry out solution strengthening to ferrite matrix by silicon (Si) element, is made ferritic anti-
Tensile strength, hardness are more than common ferrite.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods for producing solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron, and the method includes walking as follows
Suddenly：
Creepage rate and inoculation, compactedization are carried out with the method that pours or injection feeding technology to base iron using vermiculizer and inovulant
Rate is controlled with 80-95%, is then poured into a mould.
The method of above-mentioned solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron in another embodiment, each component in the base iron
Shared mass percent is：Carbon (C)：2.9-3.7%, silicon (Si)：2.5-4.0%, manganese (Mn)：0.0001-0.3%, phosphorus
(P)：0.0001-0.07%, copper (Cu)：0.0001-0.2%, chromium (Cr)：0.0001-0.1%, molybdenum (Mo)：0.0001-
0.1%, tin (Sn)：0.0001-0.02%, sulphur (S)：0.007-0.020%, magnesium (Mg)：0.0001-0.005, rare earth (RE)：
0.0001-0.008%, surplus trace element for iron (Fe) and inevitably；Wherein carbon equivalent need to be maintained at 4.2-
4.6%, mass percent+(mass percent/3 of silicon) of the carbon equivalent=carbon.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
(1) in terms of material capability：Its matrix is based on silicon solution strengthening ferrite, therefore casting ontology tensile strength is high
(400-550MPa), hardness is moderate (190-220HB), and casting different parts difference of hardness is small (being less than 15HB), therefore is easy to
Machining and conducive to machining accuracy is ensured, while elongation percentage is high (being more than 3.0%), particularly yield tensile ratio (yield strength with it is anti-
The ratio between tensile strength) high (0.88-0.93)；
(2) in terms of production cost：Using silicon as reinforced alloys element, used raw material ferrosilicon is easy to get and price
Cheap, without the additionally alloys such as addition Mo, Cu, Cr, Mn, Sn, therefore production cost is low.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below, it is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not
It is restricted by specific implementation.
Embodiment one
A kind of silicon solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron is present embodiments provided, the mass percent shared by each component is：
Carbon (C)：3.4%, silicon (Si)：3.6%, manganese (Mn)：0.23%, phosphorus (P)：0.04%, copper (Cu)：0.04%, chromium (Cr)：
0.04%, molybdenum (Mo)：0.03%, tin (Sn)：0.007%, sulphur (S)：0.010%, magnesium (Mg)：0.011%, rare earth (RE)：
0.025%, surplus trace element for iron (Fe) and inevitably；The wherein mass percent of carbon equivalent=carbon+(matter of silicon
Measure percentage/3), carbon equivalent=4.6%.
Embodiment two
A kind of silicon solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron is present embodiments provided, the mass percent shared by each component is：
Carbon (C)：2.9%, silicon (Si)：4.8%, manganese (Mn)：0.23%, phosphorus (P)：0.04%, copper (Cu)：0.04%, chromium (Cr)：
0.04%, molybdenum (Mo)：0.03%, tin (Sn)：0.007%, sulphur (S)：0.010%, magnesium (Mg)：0.012%, rare earth (RE)：
0.020%, surplus trace element for iron (Fe) and inevitably；The wherein mass percent of carbon equivalent=carbon+(matter of silicon
Measure percentage/3), carbon equivalent=4.5%.
Embodiment three
A kind of silicon solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron is present embodiments provided, the mass percent shared by each component is：
Carbon (C)：3.1%, silicon (Si)：4.2%, manganese (Mn)：0.23%, phosphorus (P)：0.04%, copper (Cu)：0.04%, chromium (Cr)：
0.04%, molybdenum (Mo)：0.03%, tin (Sn)：0.007%, sulphur (S)：0.013%, magnesium (Mg)：0.020%, rare earth (RE)：
0.010%, surplus trace element for iron (Fe) and inevitably；The wherein mass percent of carbon equivalent=carbon+(matter of silicon
Measure percentage/3), carbon equivalent=4.5%.
Example IV
The production method of the silicon solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron of above three embodiments is produced, is included the following steps：
(1) dispensings and fusing：It is w (C) by foundry iron of the carbon content more than 3.3%, component>96%, volatile matter≤
1.0%, w (S)≤0.5%, w (moisture)≤0.55%, granularity are that the graphite carburant of 1-5mm and melting are placed with steel scrap
The melting in medium-frequency induction furnace after base iron temperature reaches 1430-1450 DEG C, is skimmed, sample examination ingredient, and root
Hot metal composition is adjusted according to components tests result, the matter in the base iron corresponding to above three embodiments shared by each component
Measuring percentage is：
(2) compactedization and inoculation：The creepage rate process is after vermiculizer is placed into creepage rate packet, to wait to close
The base iron of requirement is poured after Bao Nei reacts with vermiculizer, and creepage rate process terminates, so as to compactedization to be meeted the requirements
Handle molten iron.Under specific steps enter：The vermiculizer of rare earth magnesium is first added in compactedization of creepage rate packet reaction hole, addition is
The 0.15-0.20% of weight of molten iron, and the 75SiFe inovulants for being 3-10mm with granularity are covered；Then in iron notch
Rare earth silicon vermiculizer is added in, addition is the 0.09-0.12% of weight of tapping a blast furnace, and the molten iron is tapped a blast furnace by iron notch, wherein
1500-1525 DEG C of tapping temperature waits for compactedization of rare earth silicon vermiculizer to skim after reaction after tapping a blast furnace, then ladle-to-ladle to arrive
It is poured into a mould in pouring ladle, pouring temperature is 1390-1425 DEG C.
(3) it cools down and unpacks：Treat that casting naturally cools to less than 400 DEG C in sand mold and unpacks after cast.
Wherein, the mass percent in the rare earth magnesium vermiculizer shared by each component is：RE：4-6%, Mg：7-9%, Si：
40-45%, remaining is Fe, and granularity 10-25mm, the granularity of the rare earth silicon vermiculizer is 3-8mm, wherein shared by each component
Mass percent is：：RE：29.5%, Si：45.6%, remaining is Fe, granularity 3-8mm.
Five comparative example of embodiment
It can be seen that by above-mentioned correction data：
1st, the elongation percentage of the compacted iron of solution strengthening ferrite, yield strength, yield tensile ratio are apparently higher than national standard；
2nd, the compacted iron hardness of solution strengthening ferrite is moderate, convenient for machining.
The description of the aforementioned specific exemplary embodiment to the present invention is in order to illustrate and illustration purpose.These descriptions
It is not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to the above instruction, can much be changed
And variation.The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiment is that explain that the specific principle of the present invention and its reality should
With so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize the present invention a variety of different exemplary implementations and
Various chooses and changes.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and its equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron, which is characterized in that matrix includes the iron that mass percent is more than 80%
Ferritic, and solution strengthening is carried out to ferrite using element silicon；
Wherein, the mass percent shared by each component is：Carbon：2.9-3.5%, silicon：3.0-4.8%, manganese：0.0001-0.3%, phosphorus：
0.0001-0.07%, copper：0.0001-0.2%, chromium：0.0001-0.1%, molybdenum：0.0001-0.1%, tin：0.0001-0.02%, sulphur：
0.007-0.020%, magnesium：0.008-0.030%, rare earth：0.010-0.040%, surplus micro member for iron and inevitably
Element；Wherein carbon equivalent need to be maintained at 4.2-4.6%, and the mass percent of the carbon equivalent=carbon+（Mass percent/3 of silicon）；
The production method of the solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron includes the following steps：
Creepage rate and inoculation, nodulizing rate control are carried out to the base iron method that pours or injection feeding technology using vermiculizer and inovulant
Then system is poured into a mould with 80-95%.
2. a kind of production method of solution strengthening ferrite vermicular cast iron according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Production method includes the following steps：
Creepage rate and inoculation, nodulizing rate control are carried out to the base iron method that pours or injection feeding technology using vermiculizer and inovulant
Then system is poured into a mould with 80-95%.
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| CN112030063A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-12-04 | 锦州捷通铁路机械股份有限公司 | Process for producing high-elongation RuT350 vermicular graphite cast iron for railway rolling stock by covering vermicular graphite |
| BR102020019029A2 (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-03-29 | Tupy S.A. | Vermicular cast iron alloy, combustion engine block and head |
| CN115074613A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-09-20 | 烟台大学 | High-thermal-conductivity high-thermal-fatigue-resistance vermicular graphite cast iron and preparation method thereof |
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