CN106929716A - A kind of aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106929716A CN106929716A CN201710142121.3A CN201710142121A CN106929716A CN 106929716 A CN106929716 A CN 106929716A CN 201710142121 A CN201710142121 A CN 201710142121A CN 106929716 A CN106929716 A CN 106929716A
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- aluminium alloy
- ingot casting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof, the present invention by melting sources, stand, refine, stand, skim after, melt obtains ingot casting in the swage for being cast in preheating at 700 DEG C；Ingot casting is again heated to 470 DEG C~490 DEG C after being removed the peel after Homogenization Treatments, quick cooling at 540 DEG C, is incubated 3~4h, ingot casting is put into the pressurizing unit after preheating and is extruded, and extrusion ratio is 40, obtains section bar；Section bar quenching on line or mist are quenched, and 2~8h of artificial aging, obtains aluminium alloy at 180 DEG C.The mass percent of each component is Mg in the aluminium alloy：0.56%~0.64%, Si：0.42%~0.50%, Cu：0.24%~0.26%, Fe：0.20%~0.22%, Mn：0.028%~0.032%, Cr：0.028%~0.032%, Zn：0.028%~0.032%, Er：0.29%~0.31%, Sr：0.29%~0.31%, remaining is Al.Aluminium alloy comprehensive mechanical property of the present invention is superior, is applicable to the structural material as Aluminum alloy for automotive body section bar.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of alloy material, more particularly to a kind of aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Lightweight is broadly considered the important channel of transportation energy-saving and environmental protection.Al-Mg-Si alloy specific strength
High, specific stiffness is high, good welding performance, and recuperability is good, is the light-weighted ideal material of vehicle.The aluminium alloy of existing business 6061
Intensity is higher, and hot-pressed performance is good, with the application prospect as aluminium alloys for auto body.It is high but its elongation percentage is relatively low
Easy to crack in fast impact process, energy absorption performance is poor, it is difficult to meet demand of the transportation to high-performance aluminium alloy section bar.
To meet automobile usage safety performance requirement, it is necessary to further optimize existing Al-Mg-Si alloy composition, make
Alloy has excellent combination property, while hot-pressed property is good.Er and Sr elements to the positive role of aluminium alloy, at present
Majority is and inside and outside there is not yet relevant report in Al-Mg-Si alloy China using both for Al-Mg, Al-Cu-Mg alloy.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of aluminum alloy materials with excellent combination property.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned aluminium alloy.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of aluminium alloy, and the mass percent of each component is in the aluminium alloy：
Preferably, the mass percent of the aluminium alloy each component is：
The present invention further discloses the preparation method of above-mentioned aluminium alloy, the method is comprised the following steps：
(1) raw material is completely melt at a temperature of 680 DEG C~730 DEG C, stands 10~20min, after refining, stand, skimming,
By melt in the swage being cast at 700 DEG C after preheating, ingot casting is obtained；Wherein, the percent mass proportioning of raw material is：
(2) step (1) gained ingot casting is removed the peel in Homogenization Treatments 12h at 540 DEG C after quick cooling；
(3) ingot casting after peeling treatment in step (2) is heated to 470 DEG C~490 DEG C, is incubated 3~4h, after being put into preheating
Pressurizing unit in extrude, extrusion ratio is 40, obtains section bar；
(4) step (3) gained section bar quenching on line or mist are quenched, 2~8h of artificial aging, obtains aluminium alloy at 180 DEG C.
Preferably, in step (1), the refining is to be refined by carbon trichloride.
Preferably, in step (1), the preheating temperature of the swage is 250 DEG C~300 DEG C.
Preferably, in step (3), the preheating temperature of the pressurizing unit is 430 DEG C~480 DEG C.
The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof.The present invention is existing normal
Bait and strontium element, and reasonably optimizing alloy constituent element component ratio are added in rule business aldray.Using Er, Sr atom and Al
The Atomic radiuses difference and electronegativity difference of atom, make alloy that a kind of Al is formed in process of settingxEr、AlxSr particles are significantly thin
Change as-cast grain structure.During alloy subsequent extrusion, because a large amount of particles hinder the motion of dislocation and the nail to crystal boundary
Bundle is acted on, and is suppressed recrystal grain and is grown up, and improves material recrystallization temperature, even if deform can also obtain at a higher temperature
Uniform fine grained texture.After through artificial aging, the Al-Mg-Si alloy intensity of single addition Er, Sr atom increases；And answer
Intensity highest when closing addition, tensile strength is about 335MPa after extrusion molding, and elongation percentage is 18.8%, and combination property is far above existing
There is the business Al-Mg-Si alloy without Er, Sr.Additionally, compared with conventional Al-Mg-Si alloy, alloy Si content mistakes of the present invention
It is surplus, it is ensured that the intensity of alloy；Fe, Zn constituent content are relatively low, are conducive to improving the plasticity and toughness of alloy.
Compared to the shortcoming and defect of prior art, the invention has the advantages that：Instant component reasonable mixture ratio,
Processing and manufacturing is easy, operating procedure is simple, element alloyed using Er, Sr, is effectively improved Al-Mg-Si alloy institutional framework, carries
The comprehensive mechanical property of high alloy, is applicable to the structural material as Aluminum alloy for automotive body section bar.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) raw material is completely melt at a temperature of 680 DEG C~730 DEG C, stands 10~20min, essence is carried out with carbon trichloride
Refining, after standing, skimming, melt is preheated in 250 DEG C~300 DEG C of swage in being cast at 700 DEG C, obtains ingot casting；Wherein,
The composition (Wt%) of raw material is：0.56%Mg, 0.42%Si, 0.24%Cu, 0.20%Fe, 0.028%Mn, 0.028%Cr,
0.028%Zn, 0.29%Er, 0.29%Sr, remaining is Al；
(2) step (1) gained ingot casting is removed the peel in Homogenization Treatments 12h at 540 DEG C after quick cooling；
(3) ingot casting after peeling treatment in step (2) is heated to 470 DEG C~490 DEG C, is incubated 3~4h, by recipient,
Extrusion die and dummy block are preheated to 430 DEG C~480 DEG C and are incubated, and ingot casting is put into the pressurizing unit after preheating and is extruded, and squeeze
Pressure ratio is 40, obtains section bar；
(4) step (3) gained section bar quenching on line or mist are quenched, 2~8h of artificial aging, obtains aluminium alloy at 180 DEG C
1。
Embodiment 2
(1) raw material is completely melt at a temperature of 680 DEG C~730 DEG C, stands 10~20min, essence is carried out with carbon trichloride
Refining, after standing, skimming, melt is preheated in 250 DEG C~300 DEG C of swage in being cast at 700 DEG C, obtains ingot casting；Wherein,
The composition (Wt%) of raw material is：0.64%Mg, 0.50%Si, 0.26%Cu, 0.22%Fe, 0.032%Mn, 0.032%Cr,
0.032%Zn, 0.31%Er, 0.31%Sr remaining be Al；
(2) step (1) gained ingot casting is removed the peel in Homogenization Treatments 12h at 540 DEG C after quick cooling；
(3) ingot casting after peeling treatment in step (2) is heated to 470 DEG C~490 DEG C, is incubated 3~4h, by recipient,
Extrusion die and dummy block are preheated to 430 DEG C~480 DEG C and are incubated, and ingot casting is put into the pressurizing unit after preheating and is extruded, and squeeze
Pressure ratio is 40, obtains section bar；
(4) step (3) gained section bar quenching on line or mist are quenched, 2~8h of artificial aging, obtains aluminium alloy at 180 DEG C
2。
Embodiment 3
(1) raw material is completely melt at a temperature of 680 DEG C~730 DEG C, stands 10~20min, essence is carried out with carbon trichloride
Refining, stands, and reduces oxidized aluminum alloy, and the slag on removal aluminium alloy surface improves alloy purity, by 700 DEG C of melts in protection gas
It is cast under atmosphere and is preheated in 250 DEG C~300 DEG C of swage, obtains ingot casting；Wherein, the composition (Wt%) of raw material is：0.6%
Mg, 0.43%Si, 0.25%Cu, 0.21%Fe, 0.03%Mn, 0.03Cr%, 0.03%Zn, 0.3%Er；0.3%Sr, remaining
It is Al；
(2) step (1) gained ingot casting is removed the peel in Homogenization Treatments 12h at 540 DEG C after quick cooling；
(3) ingot casting after peeling treatment in step (2) is heated to 470 DEG C~490 DEG C, is incubated 3~4h, by recipient,
Extrusion die and dummy block are preheated to 430 DEG C~480 DEG C and are incubated, and ingot casting is put into the pressurizing unit after preheating and is extruded, and squeeze
Pressure ratio is 40, obtains section bar；
(4) step (3) gained section bar quenching on line or mist are quenched, the artificial aging 8h at 180 DEG C obtains aluminium alloy 3.
Comparative example 1
The aluminium alloy 4 that comparative example 1 obtains, its preparation method is essentially identical with content described in embodiment 3, difference
During place is step (1), the composition of raw material is：0.6%Mg, 0.43%Si, 0.25%Cu, 0.21%Fe, 0.03%Mn,
0.03%Cr, 0.03%Zn, remaining is Al.
Comparative example 2
The aluminium alloy 5 that comparative example 2 obtains, its preparation method is essentially identical with content described in embodiment 3, difference
During place is step (1), the composition of raw material is：0.6%Mg, 0.43%Si, 0.18%Cu, 0.21%Fe, 0.03%Mn,
0.03%Cr, 0.03%Zn, 0.3%Er, remaining is Al.
Comparative example 3
The aluminium alloy 6 that comparative example 3 obtains, its preparation method is essentially identical with content described in embodiment 3, difference
During place is step (1), the composition of raw material is：0.6%Mg, 0.43%Si, 0.18%Cu, 0.21%Fe, 0.03%Mn,
0.03%Cr, 0.03%Zn, 0.3%Sr, remaining is Al.
Effect example
Four kinds as obtained in above-described embodiment 3, comparative example 1~3 aluminium alloys of the present invention 3~6 are according to GB/T228-
2000 carry out Mechanics Performance Testing, the results are shown in Table 1：
Mechanical property after 1 four kinds of alloy artificial aging 8h of table
As shown in Table 1, the Al-Mg-Si alloy intensity of single addition Er, Sr atom increases；And in aluminium alloy 3, it is multiple
Intensity highest when closing addition, tensile strength is about 335MPa after extrusion molding, and elongation percentage is 18.8%, and combination property is far above existing
Some business Al-Mg-Si alloys.Crystal grain is significantly refined after this adds alloy mainly due to Er and Sr.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in essence of the invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that the mass percent of each component is in the aluminium alloy：
2. aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the mass percent of the aluminium alloy each component is：
3. the preparation method of the aluminium alloy described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the method is comprised the following steps：
(1) mass percent of each component described in claim 1 or 2 is matched into raw material, by raw material in 680 DEG C~730 DEG C temperature
Under be completely melt, 10~20min is stood, after refining, stand, skimming, by swage of the melt after preheating is cast at 700 DEG C
In, obtain ingot casting；
(2) step (1) gained ingot casting is removed the peel in Homogenization Treatments 12h at 540 DEG C after quick cooling；
(3) ingot casting after peeling treatment in step (2) is heated to 470 DEG C~490 DEG C, is incubated 3~4h, be put into squeezing after preheating
Extruded in pressure device, extrusion ratio is 40, obtains section bar；
(4) step (3) gained section bar quenching on line or mist are quenched, 2~8h of artificial aging, obtains aluminium alloy at 180 DEG C.
4. the preparation method of aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that in step (1), the refining is to pass through
Carbon trichloride is refined.
5. the preparation method of aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that in step (1), the preheating of the swage
Temperature is 250 DEG C~300 DEG C.
6. the preparation method of aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that in step (3), the pressurizing unit
Preheating temperature is 430 DEG C~480 DEG C.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107739901A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-27 | 南昌工程学院 | A kind of anti-oxidation wear-resisting Roman chair back hyperextension aluminium alloy support beam and preparation method thereof |
| CN107760162A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-06 | 安徽安凯汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of high-strength anti-corrosion type car battery case |
| CN108015254A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The Semi-Solid Thixoforming pressurizing unit and pressing method of wrought aluminium alloy trestle component |
| CN109266885A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-25 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | One kind is containing 6063 aluminium alloy of strontium and preparation method thereof |
| CN112210699A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-12 | 凯瑟铝制品有限责任公司 | Al-MG-SI alloys exhibiting a combination of strength and energy absorption |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107739901A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-27 | 南昌工程学院 | A kind of anti-oxidation wear-resisting Roman chair back hyperextension aluminium alloy support beam and preparation method thereof |
| CN107760162A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-06 | 安徽安凯汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of high-strength anti-corrosion type car battery case |
| CN108015254A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The Semi-Solid Thixoforming pressurizing unit and pressing method of wrought aluminium alloy trestle component |
| CN109266885A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-25 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | One kind is containing 6063 aluminium alloy of strontium and preparation method thereof |
| CN112210699A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-12 | 凯瑟铝制品有限责任公司 | Al-MG-SI alloys exhibiting a combination of strength and energy absorption |
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Application publication date: 20170707 |