CN106923917B - Forward-leaning tooth-grinding erector of bidirectional force system - Google Patents
Forward-leaning tooth-grinding erector of bidirectional force system Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
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Abstract
The invention provides a forward-leaning molar erector of a bidirectional force system, which comprises a double-belt-ring fixed support, a three-section type auxiliary bow spring thrust system and a free rod tension system, wherein the double-belt-ring fixed support comprises an affected side belt ring, an opposite side belt ring, a connecting tongue rod, a buccal tube and a lingual tube; the free rod tension system comprises a tension rod, a diamond curve, a push spring, a multi-finger traction head, a tension chain ring, a mushroom buckle I and a ligation arch wire; the invention can avoid the use of the anchorage nail to generate the wound, reduce the pain of the patient and avoid the recovery time of the wound on the premise of ensuring the sufficient correction acting force without using the implantation anchorage nail as the fulcrum of the correction acting force. The invention provides bidirectional force formed by combining thrust and tension for the anteverted impacted molar respectively, realizes the correction of the anteverted impacted molar, effectively shortens the correction time, is convenient to adjust and ensures the correction effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a forward-inclined molar erector of a bidirectional force system.
Suzhou city department of technology for health applications basic research project (SYS 201678).
Background
As one of the common tooth correction situations, the anteverted molar is relatively harmful because it can generate a resistance force to the adjacent molar. The existing forward-inclined molar uprighting devices are mainly divided into two types.
One type is to use the anchorage nail implanted in the jaw bone as the acting force fulcrum, and under this kind of mode, the acting force is respectively on the anchorage nail and the molar that leans forward, and whole correction in-process can not be to other tooth application of force to avoid other teeth because of the aversion that leads to the fact as the acting force fulcrum, avoid causing adverse effect to other teeth. However, the implant anchorage nail can cause wound in the oral cavity, so that the pain of the patient is felt greatly, the recovery time is long, and a certain operation risk exists.
The other kind does not use planting anchorage nail, uses certain single tooth as the effort fulcrum, and this type of erector does not use anchorage nail as the fulcrum through using other teeth as the fulcrum of correcting the effort, nevertheless under this kind of mode, has the effort not enough, corrects the power size, the unsuitable adjustment control of direction, corrects the time longer, corrects the effect unsatisfactory, corrects the inconvenient regulation of in-process and corrects the effort scheduling problem.
The above problems are problems that should be considered and solved in the correction of the premolars.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a forward-inclined molar erector with a bidirectional force system, which solves the problems that an implanted anchorage nail in the prior art can cause a wound in an oral cavity, a patient feels more painful and the recovery time is long, or the anchorage nail is not used as a fulcrum, the anchorage force is insufficient, the acting force is insufficient, the direction of the correcting force is not suitable to be controlled, the correcting time is long, the correcting effect is not ideal, and the correcting acting force is not convenient to adjust clinically in the correcting process.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a anteversion molar erector of a bidirectional force system comprises a double-belt-ring fixing support, a three-section type auxiliary bow spring thrust system and a free rod tension system, wherein the double-belt-ring fixing support comprises an affected side belt ring, an opposite side belt ring, a connecting tongue rod, a buccal tube and a lingual tube; the free rod tension system comprises a tension rod, a diamond-shaped curve, a push spring, a multi-finger traction head, a tension chain ring, a mushroom buckle I and a ligation arch wire, wherein one end of the tension rod penetrates through the push spring, the other end of the tension rod is connected with the multi-finger traction head, the middle of the tension rod is bent to form the diamond-shaped curve, the push spring is arranged between a tongue side tube and the diamond-shaped curve, the mushroom buckle I is bonded on a forward-inclined molar, the multi-finger traction head and the mushroom buckle I form a space, one end of the tension chain ring is connected with the mushroom buckle I, the other end of the tension chain ring is connected with the multi-finger traction head, and the tongue side tube and the diamond-shaped curve are jointly surrounded with the ligation arch wire for fixation.
Further, the three-section auxiliary bow spring thrust system comprises a double-step positioning curve, a horizontal retention arm, a coil spring, a stress application spring arm, an omega curve connecting arm and a mushroom buckle II, wherein one end of the double-step positioning curve penetrates through the buccal tube, the other end of the double-step positioning curve is connected with the horizontal retention arm, the horizontal retention arm is connected with the omega curve connecting arm through the coil spring, the horizontal retention arm, the coil spring and the stress application spring arm jointly form a torsion spring, the omega curve connecting arm is connected with the omega curve matched with the mushroom buckle II, and the mushroom buckle II is bonded on the anteverted anti-living molar.
Furthermore, the double-step positioning curve, the horizontal retention arm, the coil spring, the stress application spring arm, the omega curve and the omega curve connecting arm are respectively formed by bending a memory steel wire. The memory steel wire is beta titanium alloy wire, has high elasticity and good plasticity, and can be bent into various complicated curves.
Further, one is detained to the mushroom includes hemisphere head, cylindricality stalk portion and basilar part, and the both ends of cylindricality stalk portion are located respectively to hemisphere head and basilar part, and the through-hole that is used for pulling force chain circle or ligature silk to pass is located to the cylindricality stalk portion, is convenient for firmly fix or connect thrust augmentation device.
Furthermore, the structure of the mushroom button II is the same as that of the mushroom button I.
Further, the four-curved protrusion is arranged at the incisor lingual eminence.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the utility model provides a, this kind of two-way power system's upright ware of molar that leans forward, respectively through syllogic auxiliary bow spring thrust system and free pole pulling force system, for the molar that hinders to give birth to that leans forward provides and corrects the effort, can be guaranteeing to correct under the prerequisite that the effort is sufficient, need not to use the wound that the anchorage nail produced as the fulcrum of correcting the power through planting, can avoid using the anchorage nail, reduce patient's misery, remove the wound recovery time from.
The anteversion molar erector of the bidirectional force system can provide bidirectional force combination formed by combining thrust and tension for anteversion impacted molar respectively, correction of the anteversion impacted molar is achieved, correction time is effectively shortened, and adjustment is facilitated. Aiming at the correction in different stages, the adjustment of the magnitude and the direction of the correction force is quickly and simply realized, and the acting force acting on the forward inclined impacted molar is ensured to be more effective so as to ensure the correction effect.
Thirdly, the invention has another advantage different from the traditional anteverted molar upright correction design: as long as part of the occlusal surface of the anteverted molar erupts, the mushroom button can be bonded on the occlusal surface for treatment. The complicated belt ring or the buccal tube is not required to be arranged and rotated on the anteverted affected tooth, and all parts of the device can be disassembled, thereby being very convenient for adjusting the size and the direction of stress application and having wide clinical indications.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a forward molar uprighter of a bi-directional force system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-ring retaining bracket in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a free rod pulling force system in an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 3 in direction A;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first mushroom fastener in the embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-stage pantograph spring thrust system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the force applied to the first and second mushroom clasps in the embodiment;
wherein: 1-double ring-with-ring fixed support, 2-three-section type bow spring thrust system, 3-free rod tension system, 4-affected side mesial molar, 5-anteverted impacted molar, 6-contralateral molar, 7-incisor;
11-affected side belt loop, 12-opposite side belt loop, 13-connecting tongue rod, 14-buccal tube, 15-lingual tube, 16-tetra-curved process;
21-two-step positioning curve, 22-horizontal retention arm, 23-coil spring, 24-stress spring arm, 25-omega curve, 26-omega curve connecting arm and 27-mushroom buckle II;
31-tension rod, 32-diamond curve, 33-push spring, 34-multi-finger traction head, 35-tension chain ring, 36-mushroom buckle I, and 37-ligation of arch wire;
361-hemispherical head, 362-cylindrical shank, 363-base, 364-through hole.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples
A forward molar uprighting device of a bidirectional force system comprises a double-belt ring fixing support 1, a three-section auxiliary bow spring thrust system 2 and a free rod tension system 3, as shown in figure 1, the double-belt ring fixing support 1 comprises an affected side belt ring 11, an opposite side belt ring 12, a connecting tongue rod 13, a buccal tube 14 and a lingual tube 15, the affected side belt ring 11 is sleeved on a proximal middle molar of an affected side, the affected side is adjacent to the molar and is adjacent to a forward molar hindering tooth 5, the buccal tube 14 is arranged on the buccal side of the proximal middle molar of the affected side, the lingual tube 15 is arranged on the lingual side of the proximal middle molar of the affected side, one end of the connecting tongue rod 13 is connected with the affected side belt ring 11, the other end of the connecting tongue rod 13 is connected with the opposite side belt ring 12, the middle of the connecting tongue rod 13 is bent to form a four-curved protrusion 16, and the four-curved protrusion 16 is arranged at a lingual protrusion of an incisor 7. The opposite side belt ring 12 is sleeved on the opposite side molar 6; referring to fig. 3 and 4, the free rod pulling force system 3 comprises a pulling force rod 31, a diamond-shaped curve 32, a pushing spring 33, a multi-finger pulling head 34, a pulling chain ring 35, a mushroom fastener I36 and a ligation arch wire 37, wherein one end of the pulling force rod 31 penetrates through the pushing spring 33, the other end of the pulling force rod 31 is connected with the multi-finger pulling head 34, the middle of the pulling force rod 31 is bent to form the diamond-shaped curve 32, the pushing spring 33 is arranged between a lingual tube 15 and the diamond-shaped curve 32, the mushroom fastener I36 is adhered to the anteversion molar resistance 5, the multi-finger pulling head 34 is spaced from the mushroom fastener I36, one end of the pulling force chain ring 35 is connected with the mushroom fastener I36, the other end of the pulling chain ring 35 is connected with the multi-finger pulling head 34, and the ligation arch wire 37 is encircled by the lingual tube 15 and the diamond-shaped curve 32.
This kind of two-way power system's upright ware of molar that leans forward, respectively through syllogic auxiliary bow spring thrust system 2 and free pole tension system 3, for the molar 5 that hinders to give birth to that leans forward provides and corrects the effort, can be guaranteeing to correct under the prerequisite that the effort is sufficient, need not to be through planting anchorage nail as the fulcrum of correcting the power, can avoid using the wound that anchorage nail produced, reduce patient's misery, remove the wound recovery time from.
This kind of two-way power system's upright ware of molar that leans forward can provide the two-way power that thrust and pulling force combination formed respectively for the molar 5 that hinders living forward, realizes the correction of the molar 5 that hinders living forward, effectively shortens and corrects the time, and is convenient for adjust. Aiming at the correction in different stages, the adjustment of the magnitude and the direction of the correction force is quickly and simply realized, and the acting force acting on the forward inclined impacted molar 5 is ensured to be more effective so as to ensure the correction effect.
This kind of two-way power system's upright ware of molar that leans forward carries out two-way application of force through syllogic auxiliary bow spring thrust system 2 and free pole tension system 3 respectively to hindering the molar 5 that leans forward to give birth to, and the fulcrum that will correct the effort through double-belt ring retention support 1 is laid respectively on a plurality of teeth, can avoid single tooth to take place the problem of removal when as the fulcrum.
In the embodiment, the implementation process of the free rod tension system 3 is as follows: one end of the tension rod 31 is fixed with the lingual tube 15 through the ligation arch wire 37, the push spring 33 is arranged between the diamond-shaped curve 32 and the lingual tube 15, a certain distance between the diamond-shaped curve 32 and the lingual tube 15 can be ensured, and then the distance between the diamond-shaped curve 32 and the lingual tube 15 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the push spring. The multi-finger traction head 34 at the other end of the tension rod 31 is spaced from the mushroom fastener 36, is connected with the mushroom fastener 36 through the tension chain ring 35, and is deformed through the tension rod 31 to generate a tension force for driving the forward-inclined molar teeth 5 to stand upright. The material of the free rod is stainless steel material with the diameter: 1.0mm-1.2 mm. The diameters of buccal tube 14 and lingual tube 15 are matched with the sizes of the three-section bow spring and the free rod respectively.
In one embodiment, the plurality of fingers of the multi-finger retractor 34 can apply tension in different directions to adjust the position of the tension coil 35 for different clinical needs. By providing the diamond 32, a blocking prevention function is provided for the push spring 33. And the rhombus 32 is convenient for the ligation arch wire 37 to be fixed around the lingual tube 15 and the rhombus 32 in a ligation way, and the adjustment of the distance between the rhombus 32 and the lingual tube 15 is kept. The diamond-shaped curve 32 in the embodiment is different from other blocking ligation structures, and has the advantages that the diamond-shaped curve 32 is vertical diamond in the initial correction period, can be slowly adjusted to be square, and then is adjusted to be flat diamond, the opening of the diamond-shaped curve 32 is slowly enlarged, so that the distance between the diamond-shaped curve 32 and the lingual tube 15 can be slowly enlarged, and the vertical height position of the multi-finger traction head 34 can be adjusted by adjusting the angles on two sides of the diamond-shaped curve opening according to different clinical requirements, so that the direction of the pulling force can be adjusted.
In the correcting process, the distance between the diamond-shaped curve 32 and the lingual tube 15 is adjusted, so that the distance between the multi-finger traction head 34 and the mushroom fastener 36 is adjusted, and the tension is adjusted. The length of the tension chain ring 35 can be adjusted, so that the deformation of the tension rod 31 can be adjusted, and the tension can be adjusted. The adjustment of the tension direction is achieved by adjusting the different positions of the ends of the tension links 35 on the multi-finger tractor 34.
In the embodiment, the adjacent molar 4 at the affected side is connected with the opposite molar 6 through the double-ring fixing bracket 1, so that the double-ring fixing bracket 1 is distributed on a plurality of teeth in the process of correcting the anteverted impacted molar 5, and unnecessary displacement caused by overlarge stress on a single tooth is avoided. The dual-band retention bracket 1 is formed by integral casting or fusion welding of parts of stainless steel, and connects teeth between two bands of an affected band 11 and an opposite band 12 into a whole, so that the fulcrum anchorage of the correction acting force is sufficient. The double-belt ring fixing bracket 1 is fixed by respectively bonding two belt rings of an affected side belt ring 11 and an opposite side belt ring 12 on molar teeth through adhesives.
As shown in fig. 5, the three-stage pantograph spring thrust system 2 includes a two-step positioning bend 21, a horizontal retention arm 22, a coil spring 23, a stress application spring arm 24, an omega bend 25, an omega bend connecting arm 26 and a mushroom buckle two 27, one end of the two-step positioning bend 21 passes through the buccal tube 14, the other end of the two-step positioning bend 21 is connected with the horizontal retention arm 22, the horizontal retention arm 22 is connected with the omega bend connecting arm 26 through the coil spring 23, the horizontal retention arm 22, the coil spring 23 and the stress application spring arm 24 together form a torsion spring, the omega bend connecting arm 26 is connected with the omega bend 25 adapted to the mushroom buckle two 27, and the mushroom buckle two 27 is adhered to the anteverted growth-resistant molar 5. The omega koji 25 and the mushroom button II 27 can also be fixed by a ligature wire which passes through the through hole to be ligatured, so as to avoid slipping in the process of eating,
in the embodiment, the three-section type bow spring thrust system 2 is specifically implemented as follows: the two-step positioning curve 21 is positioned on the buccal tube 14, and a torsion spring formed by the horizontal retention arm 22, the coil spring 23 and the boosting spring arm 24 is deformed, so that the pushing force applied to the mushroom button II 27 is generated. In the correcting process, the size of the thrust is adjusted by adjusting the deformation of the torsion spring, and the correction of the anteverted molar is gradually realized.
The double-step positioning crank 21, the horizontal fixing arm 22, the coil spring 23, the stress application spring arm 24, the omega crank 25 and the omega crank connecting arm 26 are respectively formed by bending a memory steel wire. The embodiment forms the above components by one memory steel wire, generates thrust by the deformation of the memory steel wire and positions at the end part respectively, and can ensure the stability of the structure. The memory steel wire is beta titanium alloy wire, has high elasticity and good plasticity, and can be bent into various complicated curves. The round wire diameter is 0.018 inch-0.022 inch, namely 0.45mm-0.55 mm.
As shown in fig. 4, the first mushroom fastener 36 includes a semispherical head portion 361, a cylindrical shank portion 362 and a base portion 363, the semispherical head portion 361 and the base portion 363 are respectively provided at both ends of the cylindrical shank portion 362, and the cylindrical shank portion 362 is provided with a through hole 364 for passing the tension coil 35 therethrough. Through the arrangement, the connection of the pulling force chain ring 35 and the mushroom button I36 is facilitated.
Another advantage of an embodiment that differs from conventional anteverted molar upright correction designs is that: as long as part of the occlusal surface of the anteverted impacted molar 5 erupts, the mushroom button can be bonded on the occlusal surface for treatment. The complicated belt loop or buccal tube is not required to be arranged and rotated on the anteverted impacted molar 5, and the clinical indications are wide.
The process of the erector of the embodiment for realizing the forward-inclined molar rotation erection is as follows: as shown in fig. 7, the force F1 of the free lever pulling force system 3 acting on the first mushroom button 36 can be divided into a horizontal rearward component F1 'and a vertical downward component F1 ", and the force F2 of the three-segment bow spring pushing force system 2 acting on the second mushroom button 27 can be divided into a horizontal rearward component F2' and a vertical upward component F2".
The combined action of F1 '+ F2' in the same direction moves the front-inclined molar 5 to the far middle, so that the front-inclined molar 5 is separated from the far middle concave limit of the mesial adjacent affected side mesial molar 4, and a sufficient torsional gap is obtained. F1 '' + F2 '' form a pair of oppositely directed force pairs of equal force, which will rotate the forward-inclined molar 5 inclined toward mesial twist vertically.
The requirements for the stand of the embodiment to produce the above effect are: 1. the bonding position of the mushroom button I36 is relatively higher than that of the multi-finger traction head 34 in the vertical direction; 2. the bonding position of the mushroom button two 27 is relatively lower than the position of the omega-shaped connecting arm 26 in the vertical direction.
The procedure for the embodiment of the stand to adjust the direction and magnitude of the force is as follows:
1. when the first mushroom button 36 and the second mushroom button 27 are bonded, the first mushroom button 36 is bonded at a high position far away from the occlusal surface of the anteverted molar 5 according to the condition in the oral cavity under the condition that the placement of other devices is not influenced; the second mushroom button 27 is bonded to the lower part of the front inclined molar 5 near the occlusal surface as much as possible.
2. In the three-section auxiliary bow spring thrust system 2, the height of the omega-shaped connecting arm 26 relative to the mushroom button II 27 can be adjusted by only bending and adjusting the distance between the free end of the two-step positioning curve 21 and the long position of the coil spring 23 or adjusting the angle between the stress application spring arm 24 and the two-step positioning curve 21 at the position of the coil spring 23 clinically, so that the direction and the size of the thrust can be adjusted.
3. In the free rod tension system 3, the distance between the diamond-shaped curve 32 and the lingual tube 15 is adjusted by adjusting the length of the push spring 33, so that the distance between the multi-finger traction head 34 and the mushroom button 36 is adjusted, and the tension is adjusted.
In the free rod tension system 3, the rhomboid curve is corrected to be vertical rhombus at the initial stage, can be adjusted to be square and then adjusted to be flat rhombus, and the opening of the rhomboid curve 32 is gradually enlarged, so that the small-amount adjustment of the distance between the multi-finger traction head 34 and the mushroom button 36 is realized, and the small-amount adjustment of the tension is realized. The distal end at the opening of the diamond 32 is adjusted downward to position the multi-fingered tow head 34 vertically relatively below the bonding location of the mushroom button one 36, thereby achieving tension vertical adjustment. The adjustment of the horizontal direction of the pulling force is realized by adjusting different left and right positions of the end part of the pulling force chain ring 35 on the multi-finger pulling head 34.
Free rod force application procedure example: when force is applied, the lingual tube 15 and the diamond-shaped curve 32 are wound with the ligation arch wire 37, and the pushing spring 33 with a certain length is compressed and deformed to the shortest length to be ligated and fixed. At this time, the tensile force comes from the deformation of the tension rod 31, but the tension rod 31 has good rigidity, good hardness and small deformation, and basically has no deformation under the action of the tensile force required by the vertical molar. The second application of force causes the surrounding ligature arch wire 37 to compress the length of push spring 33 to its original length of 1/3 for ligature and fixation. The looped ligature archwire 37 at the third application of force causes a compression deformation of a certain length of the push spring 33 to 2/3 of its original length, and so on, from the second application of force, a part of the pulling force is derived from the deformation of the tension rod 31, and on the other hand, from the force of the compression deformation of the push spring 33.
Claims (3)
1. A forward-inclined molar uprighting device of a two-way force system is characterized in that: the double-band ring fixing support comprises a diseased side band ring, an opposite side band ring, a connecting tongue rod, a buccal tube and a lingual tube, wherein the diseased side band ring is sleeved on a near-middle molar of the diseased side; the free rod tension system comprises a tension rod, a diamond-shaped curve, a push spring, a multi-finger traction head, a tension chain ring, a mushroom buckle I and a ligation arch wire, one end of the tension rod penetrates through the push spring, the other end of the tension rod is connected with the multi-finger traction head, the middle of the tension rod is bent to form the diamond-shaped curve, the push spring is arranged between a tongue side tube and the diamond-shaped curve, the mushroom buckle I is bonded on a forward-inclined anti-friction molar, a space is formed between the multi-finger traction head and the mushroom buckle I, one end of the tension chain ring is connected with the mushroom buckle I, the other end of the tension chain ring is connected with the multi-finger traction head, and the tongue side tube and the diamond-shaped curve are jointly surrounded with the ligation arch wire for fixation; the mushroom fastener comprises a hemispherical head part, a cylindrical handle part and a base part, the hemispherical head part and the base part are respectively arranged at two ends of the cylindrical handle part, the cylindrical handle part is arranged in a through hole for a pull chain ring or a ligature wire to pass through, and the four-bend protrusion is arranged at the incisor lingual bulge;
the three-section auxiliary bow spring thrust system comprises a double-step positioning curve, a horizontal retention arm, a coil spring, a stress application spring arm, an omega curve connecting arm and a mushroom buckle II, wherein one end of the double-step positioning curve penetrates through a buccal tube, the other end of the double-step positioning curve is connected with the horizontal retention arm, the horizontal retention arm is connected with the omega curve connecting arm through the coil spring, the horizontal retention arm, the coil spring and the stress application spring arm jointly form a torsion spring, the omega curve connecting arm is connected with the omega curve matched with the mushroom buckle II, and the mushroom buckle II is bonded on a forward-inclined anti-bruising molar.
2. The anteversion molar uprighter of the bi-directional force system of claim 1, wherein: the double-step positioning crank, the horizontal fixing arm, the coil spring, the stress application spring arm, the omega crank and the omega crank connecting arm are respectively formed by bending a memory steel wire.
3. The anteversion molar uprighter of the bi-directional force system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the mushroom button II has the same structure as the mushroom button I.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710174129.8A CN106923917B (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2017-03-22 | Forward-leaning tooth-grinding erector of bidirectional force system |
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| CN201710174129.8A CN106923917B (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2017-03-22 | Forward-leaning tooth-grinding erector of bidirectional force system |
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| CN106923917B true CN106923917B (en) | 2022-02-25 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11844662B2 (en) | 2018-11-14 | 2023-12-19 | Nan Jing Ningdong Digital Technology Co., Ltd. | Dentition movement track indicator and manufacturing method of intra-oral fixation assembly thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109875713B (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2023-12-22 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring distance from anterior mandibular tooth root tip to mandibular median lingual side tube |
| CN113476158B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-08-09 | 南方医科大学口腔医院 | Orthodontic device for molar teeth |
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| CN106923917A (en) | 2017-07-07 |
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