CN106921209A - Charging circuit and charging method - Google Patents
Charging circuit and charging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106921209A CN106921209A CN201511005345.7A CN201511005345A CN106921209A CN 106921209 A CN106921209 A CN 106921209A CN 201511005345 A CN201511005345 A CN 201511005345A CN 106921209 A CN106921209 A CN 106921209A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of charging circuit and charging method, and the charging circuit includes：DC constant voltage source, first switch pipe, second resistance, inductance, current transformer, voltage check device, ultracapacitor, second switch pipe and controller, the charging circuit of the ultracapacitor that controller is obtained according to current transformer, and the voltage at the super capacitor two ends of voltage check device acquisition, produce first via pulse to control the on or off of first switch pipe, produce the second tunnel pulse to control the on or off of second switch pipe.Using the charging circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention, ultracapacitor is charged under RLC constant-voltage charge patterns, the control for realizing charging to ultracapacitor is opened by using complementary pulse triggering first switch pipe and second switch pipe, the charging circuit is shared to two switching tubes, few using device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric vehicle engineering, more particularly to a kind of charging circuit and charging method.
Background technology
With being rooted in the hearts of the people for environmental consciousness, with zero-emission, pollution-free, capacity usage ratio is high the features such as electric automobile
Increasingly favored by consumer.Ultracapacitor is more and more applied to electronic as a kind of novel energy-storing element
In automobile.
When ultracapacitor charges, electrode surface is in perfect polarization state, and electric charge will attract in surrounding electrolyte solution
Counter ions, be at electrode surface, form electric double layer, constitute electric double layer capacitance.At present, ultracapacitor is permanent in RC
Charged under pressure charge mode, charge efficiency is under the pattern
Empirical tests find that under RC constant-voltage charge patterns, charge efficiency is not over 50% and unrelated with resistance prevention,
Charge efficiency is low, electric energy loss is big.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of charging circuit and charging method, to improve the charge efficiency of ultracapacitor, and reduces electricity
Can loss.
One side, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of charging circuit, including：DC constant voltage source, first switch pipe,
Two resistance, inductance, current transformer, voltage check device, ultracapacitor, second switch pipe and controller, wherein,
The positive pole in the DC constant voltage source is connected with the input of the first switch pipe, the output of the first switch pipe
End is connected with the first end of the second resistance, and the second end of the second resistance is connected with the first end of the inductance, described
Second end of inductance is connected with the input of the current transformer, the output end of the current transformer and the voltage detecting
The input connection of device, the output end of the voltage check device is connected with the first end of the ultracapacitor, described super
Second end of level capacitor is connected with the negative pole in the DC constant voltage source；
The current transformer is used to detect the charging current of the ultracapacitor, and the voltage check device is used to examine
Survey the voltage at the ultracapacitor two ends；
Input of second end of the second resistance also with the second switch pipe is connected, and the of the ultracapacitor
Output end of two ends also with the second switch pipe is connected；
The output of the input of the controller and the output end and the voltage check device of the current transformer
End connection, the output end of the controller and the control end of the first switch pipe pipe and the control end of the second switch pipe
Connection, the charging circuit of the ultracapacitor for being obtained according to the current transformer, and voltage detecting dress
The voltage at the super capacitor two ends of acquisition is put, produces first via pulse and the second tunnel pulse, the first via pulse to be used for
The on or off of the first switch pipe is controlled, second tunnel pulse is used to control conducting or the pass of the second switch pipe
Disconnected, the first via pulse is complementary pulse with second tunnel pulse.
In the possible implementation of in the first aspect the first, the first switch pipe also sets up the first protection electricity
Road, first protection circuit includes：First diode, the second diode, the 3rd diode, the 4th diode, first resistor
And first electric capacity, first diode, second diode, the 3rd diode and the 4th diode are simultaneously
It is associated in the input and output end of the first switch pipe；
The input and output end of the first switch pipe are connected in parallel on after the first resistor and first capacitances in series.
With reference to one side or the first possible implementation of one side, in the first aspect second
In possible implementation, the second switch pipe also sets up the second protection circuit, and second protection circuit includes：Five or two
Pole pipe, the 6th diode, the 7th diode, the 8th diode, 3rd resistor and the 3rd electric capacity, the 5th diode, institute
State the 6th diode, the 7th diode and the 8th diodes in parallel the second switch pipe input with it is defeated
Go out end；
The input and output end of the second switch pipe are connected in parallel on after the 3rd resistor and the 3rd capacitances in series.
With reference to the on one side or one side the first possible implementation, in the first aspect the third
In possible implementation, the first switch pipe is wholly-controled device with the second switch pipe.
With reference to the third possible implementation of one side, the 4th kind of possible realization side in the first aspect
In formula, the wholly-controled device includes：Insulated gate bipolar transistor, gate level turn-off thyristor.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide it is a kind of using as above the on one side, one side the first
The method that the charging circuit that any one mode is realized into the 4th kind is charged, the method includes：
The information of voltage that the controller reception voltage check device sends, and current transformer transmission
Current information, the current information indicates the charging current of the ultracapacitor, and the information of voltage indicates the super electricity
The voltage at container two ends；
The controller is according to the information of voltage and the current information, and it is described to control to produce the first via pulse
The on or off of first switch pipe, produces second tunnel pulse to control the on or off of the second switch pipe.
In the possible implementation of in second aspect the first, the controller according to the information of voltage with it is described
Current information, produces the first via pulse to control the on or off of the first switch pipe, produces second road arteries and veins
Rush to control the on or off of the second switch pipe, including：
If the information of voltage indicates the voltage at the super capacitor two ends to exceed first voltage threshold value, and the electric current is believed
Breath indicates the charging current of the super capacitor to be less than the first current threshold, then the first via pulse that the controller is produced
It is shut-off trigger pulse so that the first switch shut-off, second tunnel pulse that the controller is produced is triggered for conducting
Pulse so that the second switch pipe conducting.
In second possible implementation in second aspect, the controller according to the information of voltage with it is described
Current information, produces the first via pulse to control the on or off of the first switch pipe, produces second road arteries and veins
Rush to control the on or off of the second switch pipe, including：
If the information of voltage indicates the voltage at the super capacitor two ends to be less than second voltage threshold value, and the electric current is believed
Breath indicates the charging current of the super capacitor to be more than the second current threshold, then the first via pulse that the controller is produced
It is conducting trigger pulse so that the first switch conducting, second tunnel pulse that the controller is produced is triggered for shut-off
Pulse so that the second switch pipe shut-off.
Charging circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention and charging method, charging circuit include：DC constant voltage source, first switch
Pipe, second resistance, inductance, current transformer, voltage check device, ultracapacitor, second switch pipe and controller, control
The charging circuit of the ultracapacitor that device is obtained according to current transformer, and the super capacitor two ends that voltage check device is obtained
Voltage, first via pulse is produced to control the on or off of first switch pipe, produce the second tunnel pulse to control second to open
Close the on or off of pipe.Using the charging circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention, to super capacitor under RLC constant-voltage charge patterns
Device is charged, and realizes what ultracapacitor was charged by being opened using complementary pulse triggering first switch pipe and second switch pipe
Control, the charging circuit is shared to two switching tubes, few using device.Meanwhile, the periodic triggers arteries and veins exported by controller
The width of punching adjusts the output voltage of ultracapacitor, realizes the efficient charging to ultracapacitor, and the charging interval is short.
Brief description of the drawings
The structural representation of the charging circuit that Fig. 1 is provided for one embodiment of the invention；
The flow chart of the method that Fig. 2 is charged for charging circuit that one embodiment of the invention is provided；
The equivalent circuit diagram of the charging circuit that Fig. 3 is provided for one embodiment of the invention；
The analogous diagram of charging current and voltage in the charging method that Fig. 4 is provided for one embodiment of the invention；
The analogous diagram of charging current and voltage in the charging method that Fig. 5 is provided for another embodiment of the present invention；
The analogous diagram of charge efficiency in the charging method that Fig. 6 is provided for further embodiment of this invention.
Specific embodiment
The structural representation of the charging circuit that Fig. 1 is provided for one embodiment of the invention.As shown in figure 1, the present embodiment is provided
Charging current include：DC constant voltage source 1, first switch pipe 2, second resistance 4, inductance 5 (i.e. L shown in Fig. 1), Current Mutual Inductance
Device 6, voltage check device 7, ultracapacitor 3 (i.e. C shown in Fig. 1)), second switch pipe 8 and controller 9, wherein,
The positive pole in the DC constant voltage source 1 is connected with the input of the first switch pipe 2, the first switch pipe 2
Output end is connected with the first end of the second resistance 4, and the second end of the second resistance 4 connects with the first end of the inductance 5
Connect, the second end of the inductance 5 is connected with the input of the current transformer 6, the output end of the current transformer 6 and institute
State the input connection of voltage check device 7, the output end of the voltage check device 7 and the first of the ultracapacitor 3
End connection, the second end of the ultracapacitor 3 is connected with the negative pole in the DC constant voltage source 1；
The current transformer 6 is used to detect the charging current of the ultracapacitor 3, and the voltage check device 7 is used
In the voltage for detecting the two ends of ultracapacitor 3；
Input of second end of the second resistance 4 also with the second switch pipe 8 is connected, the ultracapacitor 3
Output end of second end also with the second switch pipe 8 be connected；
The output end of the input of the controller 9 and the current transformer 6 and the voltage check device 7 it is defeated
Go out end connection, the control end of the output end of the controller 9 and the pipe of first switch pipe 2 and the second switch pipe 8
Control end is connected, and the controller is additionally operable to produce first via pulse and the second tunnel pulse, and the first via pulse is for controlling
The on or off of the first switch pipe 2, second tunnel pulse is used to control conducting or the pass of the second switch pipe 8
Disconnected, the first via pulse is complementary pulse with second tunnel pulse.
Understood according to above-mentioned, above-mentioned charging circuit has inductive element so that charging current can not be mutated, while keeping
Charging current it is continuous.And, charging circuit is also provided with the second switch between afterflow bridge, i.e. inductance L and ultracapacitor C
Pipe and the second protection circuit part.During being charged to ultracapacitor C, controller produces two-way control pulse,
It is used for the first via pulse for controlling first switch pipe to turn off or turn on, and control the shut-off of second switch pipe or conducting second
Road pulse.The two-way pulse is positive and negative completely conversely, being complementary pulse.So, at the first switch pipe triggering and conducting moment, second opens
Pipe triggering shut-off is closed, DC constant voltage source is charged to ultracapacitor, and first switch pipe is triggered the shut-off moment, and second switch pipe is touched
Hair conducting, charging current realizes afterflow by afterflow bridge.
On the basis of the structure to charging circuit of the present invention is illustrated, below, the work to charging circuit of the present invention
Principle is described in detail.
Specifically, the charging circuit of the ultracapacitor that controller is obtained according to current transformer, and voltage detecting dress
Put the voltage at the super capacitor two ends of acquisition, produce first via pulse to control the on or off of first switch pipe, produce the
Two tunnel pulses are to control the on or off of second switch pipe, so that ultracapacitor charges in RLC constant voltage modes.Should
During, currently practical charging current Ic is detected by current transformer, current super capacitor C two is detected by voltage detecting
Terminal voltage Uc, current transformer, voltage detecting are input into the charging voltage value of charging current value and ultracapacitor C to controller,
Control command is sent in controller.When just proceeding by charging, controller U sends first via pulse to touch to first switch pipe
The pipe conducting of hair first switch, and send the second tunnel pulse to second switch pipe to trigger the shut-off punching of second switch pipe；Work as controller
Ultracapacitor C6 both end voltages Uc is detected for maximum, the i.e. magnitude of voltage more than DC constant voltage source and currently practical charging
During electric current Ic very littles, controller MCU sends first via pulse to trigger the shut-off of first switch pipe, and to second to first switch pipe
Switching tube sends the second tunnel pulse to trigger the conducting of second switch pipe, and charging current realizes afterflow, charging interval by afterflow bridge
For example at 5 seconds or so, the charging interval is short.Therefore, based on the charging circuit, can be under RLC constant-voltage charge patterns to super electricity
Appearance carries out quick charge, and forms that the component of the charging circuit is less, charge efficiency is high, charging current is controllable, electric energy loss
Small, the charging interval is shorter.
Charging circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including：DC constant voltage source, first switch pipe, second resistance, inductance,
Current transformer, voltage check device, ultracapacitor, second switch pipe and controller, controller is according to current transformer
The charging circuit of the ultracapacitor of acquisition, and voltage check device obtain super capacitor two ends voltage, produce first
Road pulse produces the second tunnel pulse to control conducting or the pass of second switch pipe to control the on or off of first switch pipe
It is disconnected.Using the charging circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention, ultracapacitor is charged under RLC constant-voltage charge patterns, led to
Cross the control opened using complementary pulse triggering first switch pipe and second switch pipe and realize charging to ultracapacitor, charging electricity
Road is shared to two switching tubes, few using device.Meanwhile, adjusted by the width of the periodic triggers pulse of controller output
The output voltage of ultracapacitor, realizes the efficient charging to ultracapacitor, and the charging interval is short.
Optionally, Fig. 1 is being refer to, in above-described embodiment, the first switch pipe 2 also sets up the first protection circuit, institute
Stating the first protection circuit includes：First diode D1, the second diode D2, the 3rd diode D3, the 4th diode D4, the first electricity
Resistance R1 and the first electric capacity C1, the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the 3rd diode D3 and described
4th diode D4 is connected in parallel on the input and output end of the first switch pipe 2；The first resistor R1 and the described first electricity
Hold the input and output end that the first switch pipe 2 is connected in parallel on after C1 connects.
Specifically, being protected to first switch pipe by setting first protection circuit so that charging circuit have compared with
Reliability high.
Optionally, Fig. 1 is being refer to, in above-described embodiment, the second switch pipe 8 also sets up the second protection circuit, institute
Stating the second protection circuit includes：5th diode D5, the 6th diode D6, the 7th diode D7, the 8th diode D8, the 3rd electricity
Resistance R3 and the 3rd electric capacity C3, the 5th diode D5, the 6th diode D6, the 7th diode D7 and described
8th diode D8 is connected in parallel on the input and output end of the second switch pipe 8；The 3rd resistor R3 and the described 3rd electricity
Hold the input and output end that the second switch pipe 8 is connected in parallel on after C3 connects.
Specifically, can be by the protection circuit of second switch pipe 8 and second, as real between inductance L and ultracapacitor C
The afterflow bridge of existing afterflow, by setting afterflow bridge so that charging current realizes afterflow by afterflow bridge, maintains charging current
Continuation.
Optionally, in above-described embodiment, first switch pipe 2 can be wholly-controled device, such as insulated gate with second switch pipe 8
Bipolar transistor (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT), gate level turn-off thyristor (Gate-
Turn-Off Thyristor, GTO) etc..
In above-described embodiment, the charging circuit of the ultracapacitor that controller is obtained according to current transformer, and voltage
The voltage at the super capacitor two ends that detection means is obtained, produces first via pulse to control the on or off of first switch pipe,
The second tunnel pulse is produced to control the on or off of second switch pipe, so that ultracapacitor is in RLC constant voltage modes
Charge.Below, the method for work to the charging circuit is described in detail.Specifically, reference can be made to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 are real for the present invention one
The flow chart of method that the charging circuit of example offer is charged is applied, including：
101st, the controller receives the information of voltage that the voltage check device sends, and current transformer hair
The current information for sending, the current information indicates the charging current of the ultracapacitor, and the information of voltage indicates described super
The voltage at level capacitor two ends；
102nd, the controller produces the first via pulse to control according to the information of voltage and the current information
The on or off of the first switch pipe, produces second tunnel pulse to control conducting or the pass of the second switch pipe
It is disconnected.
The method that above-mentioned charging circuit is charged, is charging method corresponding with charging circuit shown in Fig. 1, concrete principle
And implementation process refers to the description of Fig. 1, here is omitted.
Charging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the charging of the ultracapacitor that controller is obtained according to current transformer
Circuit, and the voltage at super capacitor two ends that voltage check device is obtained, produce first via pulse controlling first switch pipe
On or off, the second tunnel pulse is produced to control the on or off of second switch pipe.Using described in the embodiment of the present invention
Charging circuit, ultracapacitor is charged under RLC constant-voltage charge patterns, first opened by being triggered using complementary pulse
Close pipe and second switch pipe opens the control for realizing charging to ultracapacitor, the charging circuit is shared to two switching tubes, used
Device is few.Meanwhile, the output voltage of ultracapacitor is adjusted by the width of the periodic triggers pulse of controller output, it is real
Now to the efficient charging of ultracapacitor, the charging interval is short.
Optionally, in above-described embodiment, the controller is produced described according to the information of voltage and the current information
First via pulse produces second tunnel pulse to control described second to open to control the on or off of the first switch pipe
The on or off of pipe is closed, including：If the information of voltage indicates the voltage at the super capacitor two ends to exceed first voltage threshold
Value, and the current information indicates the charging current of the super capacitor to be less than the first current threshold, then the controller is produced
The first via pulse be shut-off trigger pulse so that first switch shut-off, the controller produce described second
Road pulse is conducting trigger pulse so that the second switch pipe conducting.
Optionally, in above-described embodiment, the controller is produced described according to the information of voltage and the current information
First via pulse produces second tunnel pulse to control described second to open to control the on or off of the first switch pipe
The on or off of pipe is closed, including：
If the information of voltage indicates the voltage at the super capacitor two ends to be less than second voltage threshold value, and the electric current is believed
Breath indicates the charging current of the super capacitor to be more than the second current threshold, then the first via pulse that the controller is produced
It is conducting trigger pulse so that the first switch conducting, second tunnel pulse that the controller is produced is triggered for shut-off
Pulse so that the second switch pipe shut-off.
To cause that it is clear that above-described embodiment updates, below, the equivalent circuit to charging circuit of the present invention is described in detail.
Specifically, reference can be made to the equivalent circuit diagram of the charging circuit that Fig. 3, Fig. 3 are provided for one embodiment of the invention.
It can be seen from Fig. 3, charging circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be equivalent to a RLC series circuit, and charge electricity
It is i to flow, and the voltage on ultracapacitor C is Vc.When the conducting of first switch pipe, second switch pipe are turned off, in the equivalent circuit
Switch, i.e. S connection, DC constant voltage source give ultracapacitor charge；When the shut-off of first switch pipe, second switch pipe are turned on,
Switch S in the equivalent circuit disconnects, and charging current realizes afterflow by afterflow bridge.Below, from first switch pipe triggering and conducting
Moment, the triggering shut-off of second switch pipe, when DC constant voltage source is charged to ultracapacitor, the size of charging current；And first
The switching tube triggering shut-off moment, second switch pipe triggering and conducting, when charging current realizes afterflow by afterflow bridge, ultracapacitor
The present invention is described in detail for two angles of size of the voltage at two ends.
First, the first switch pipe triggering and conducting moment, the triggering shut-off of second switch pipe, DC constant voltage source is to ultracapacitor
During charging, the size of charging current.
Specifically, the t=0 moment is located at, and switch S connections, the voltage in DC constant voltage source is E, that is, be added in the direct current on circuit
Voltage is E.So, during t ＞ 0, circuit equation is：
Wherein, q is the electricity in t durations.
Can be obtained with formula (2) according to formula (1)：
OrderCan be obtained according to formula (3)：
Understand that the special solution of q is according to formula (4)：
Q=CE (5)
According to formula (3), the homogeneous equation of formula (3) is obtained：
The characteristic equation of homogeneous equation is drawn according to formula (6), and this feature equation root is：
The first situation：
From formula (7)：If meeting R2-4L/C>0；r1,r2=-α0±β0, during non-vibration, the general solution of formula (6) is：
So：
Using the primary condition for being given：
Understand：
Understood according to formula (12)：
From formula (10)~(13)：
From the root and the relation of coefficient of second-order equation：
r1r2=1/LC, r1-r2=2 β0 (15)
So：
Formula (7), (16) are brought into formula (14) to obtain：
Wherein,
Second situation：
From formula (7)：If meeting R2-4L/C<0；Pass
When vibration damping is moved, understood according to formula (17)：
Wherein,
As R=0,From formula (18)：
The third situation：
From formula (7)：If meeting R2- 4L/C=0；r1,r2=-α0, under this critical condition, in formula (14)
Make r1=r2, then solution for referred to as 0/0 indefinite form solution, therefore, can the derivation of equation (14) in r1=r2Limit when → 0, with reference to formula
(15) can obtain：
Secondly, the first switch pipe triggering shut-off moment, second switch pipe triggering and conducting, charging current is realized by afterflow bridge
During afterflow, the size of the voltage at ultracapacitor two ends.The size of voltage can be determined by the following two kinds method.
First method：
Specifically, the t=0 moment is located at, and switch S connections, the voltage in DC constant voltage source is E, that is, be added in the direct current on circuit
Voltage is E.So, during t ＞ 0, circuit equation is：
Understood according to formula (1) and (21)：
OrderCan then be obtained according to formula (22)：
(LCD2+RCD+1)Vc=E (23)
Understood according to formula (23), VcSpecial solution be：
Vc=E (24)
According to formula (23), its equation of n th order n of formula (23) is obtained:
(LCD2+RCD+1)Vc=0 (25)
The characteristic equation of homogeneous equation is drawn according to formula (25), and this feature equation root is：
LCr2+ CRr+1=0
The first situation：
From formula (26)：If meeting R2C2-4LC>0；r1,r2=-α0±β0, during non-vibration, the general solution of formula (25)
For：
So：
Using the primary condition for being given：
Understand：
Understood according to formula (31)：
From formula (28)~(32)：
From the root and the relation of coefficient of second-order equation：
r′1r′2=1/LC, r '1-r′2=2 β '0 (34)
So：
Formula (26), (35) are brought into formula (33) to obtain：
Second situation：
From formula (26)：If meeting R2C2-4LC<0；Vibration of successively decreasing
When, understood according to formula (36)：
Wherein,
As R=0,Understood according to formula (37)：
Wherein,Second method：
Understood according to formula (18)：
If
Then understood according to formula (42)：
Bringing formula (44) into formula (41) can obtain：
Using initialization condition：Vc|T=0=0 (45) can obtain：
So：
Wherein,
Bringing formula (48) into formula (47) can obtain：
Contrast equation (37) understands with formula (49)：Two expression formulas are the same, wherein,
That is ω '0=ω0。
Above is an explanation on the whole and derivation, below, the resistance of voltage, second resistance that DC constant voltage source is provided
Value, the electric capacity of ultracapacitor, inductance are described in detail as a example by having specific value to charging method of the present invention.
Embodiment one：E=10V, R=2m Ω, L=2m Η, C=500F, R is substituted into by above-mentioned occurrence2- 4L/C=-4 ×
10-6<0, formula (50) can be obtained according to formula (18), formula (51) can be obtained according to formula (49)：
According to formula (50) and formula (51), voltage in charging process and voltage are emulated, obtain Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is this
The analogous diagram of charging current and voltage in the charging method of embodiment offer is provided.Wherein, block curve (Ic) is the electricity that charges
Flow curve, dashed curve (Uc) is charging voltage curve.It should be noted that in order to be able to be shown in same reference axis, wherein
Ic ordinates reduce 100 times.
Ideally, i.e., as R=0,According to formula (18)
Can obtain：
As R=0,Formula (37) deformation can be obtained：
Wherein,
Embodiment two：E=10V, L=2m Η, C=500F.
Above-mentioned occurrence is substituted into and is obtainedFormula (52) can be obtained according to formula (19), according to
Formula (49) can obtain formula (53)：
According to formula (52) and formula (53), voltage in charging process and voltage are emulated, obtain Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is this
Invent the analogous diagram of charging current and voltage in the charging method that another embodiment is provided.Wherein, block curve (Ic) is charging
Current curve, dashed curve (Uc) is charging voltage curve.It should be noted that in order to be able to be shown in same reference axis, its
Middle Ic ordinates reduce 100 times.
After charging current is described in detail with charging voltage in specific numerical value to charging method of the present invention, below
Charge efficiency to charging method of the present invention is described in detail.
Specifically, charge efficiency η is：
Formula (18) and formula (49) are substituted into formula (54) can obtain：
Formula (42) and formula (44) are substituted into formula (55) can obtain：
Above is an explanation on the whole and derivation, below, the resistance of voltage, second resistance that DC constant voltage source is provided
Value, the electric capacity of ultracapacitor, inductance are described in detail as a example by having specific value to charge efficiency of the present invention.
Specifically, E=10V, R=2m Ω, L=2m Η, C=500F, R is substituted into by above-mentioned occurrence2- 4L/C=-4 × 10-6<0, Substituting into formula (56) can obtain：
According to formula (57), charge efficiency in charging process is emulated, obtain Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is another implementation of the invention
The analogous diagram of charge efficiency in the charging method that example is provided.It can be seen from Fig. 6：The charging method that the present invention is provided, in RLC constant pressures
Pattern charges, and close to 1, the simulation result shows that the method can effectively improve the charge efficiency of system to charge efficiency theoretical value.
Charging circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention and charging method, the periodic triggers pulse exported by controller
Width, i.e. dutycycle adjust the output voltage of ultracapacitor.So as to realize the efficient charging to ultracapacitor.Please join
According to Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, in control algolithm, Heavenly Palace mise-a-la-masse method is classified using voltage, in the case of ensureing that charge efficiency is efficient, no
Make charging current excessive, when charging current exceedes setting value, afterflow feedback is carried out, because ultracapacitor voltage will not dash forward
Become, when current value is smaller, continuation is charged in this way, finally cause that charging voltage reaches full power state, so as to realize to super
Level capacitor is efficient, quick charge.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that：Realizing all or part of step of above-mentioned each method embodiment can lead to
The related hardware of programmed instruction is crossed to complete.Foregoing program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium.The journey
Sequence upon execution, performs the step of including above-mentioned each method embodiment；And foregoing storage medium includes：ROM, RAM, magnetic disc or
Person's CD etc. is various can be with the medium of store program codes.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe has been described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments to the present invention, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, or which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of charging circuit, it is characterised in that including：DC constant voltage source, first switch pipe, second resistance, inductance, electric current are mutual
Sensor, voltage check device, ultracapacitor, second switch pipe and controller, wherein,
The positive pole in the DC constant voltage source is connected with the input of the first switch pipe, the output end of the first switch pipe with
The first end connection of the second resistance, the second end of the second resistance is connected with the first end of the inductance, the inductance
The second end be connected with the input of the current transformer, the output end of the current transformer and the voltage check device
Input connection, the output end of the voltage check device is connected with the first end of the ultracapacitor, the super electricity
Second end of container is connected with the negative pole in the DC constant voltage source；
The current transformer is used to detect the charging current of the ultracapacitor, and the voltage check device is used to detect institute
State the voltage at ultracapacitor two ends；
Input of second end of the second resistance also with the second switch pipe is connected, the second end of the ultracapacitor
Output end also with the second switch pipe is connected；
The input of the controller connects with the output end of the current transformer and the output end of the voltage check device
Connect, the output end of the controller connects with the control end of the first switch pipe pipe and the control end of the second switch pipe
Connect, the charging circuit of the ultracapacitor for being obtained according to the current transformer, and the voltage check device
The voltage at the super capacitor two ends for obtaining, produces first via pulse and the second tunnel pulse, the first via pulse to be used to control
The on or off of the first switch pipe is made, second tunnel pulse is used to control conducting or the pass of the second switch pipe
Disconnected, the first via pulse is complementary pulse with second tunnel pulse.
2. charging circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first switch pipe also sets up the first protection electricity
Road, first protection circuit includes：First diode, the second diode, the 3rd diode, the 4th diode, first resistor
And first electric capacity, first diode, second diode, the 3rd diode and the 4th diode are simultaneously
It is associated in the input and output end of the first switch pipe；
The input and output end of the first switch pipe are connected in parallel on after the first resistor and first capacitances in series.
3. charging circuit according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the second switch pipe also sets up the second protection
Circuit, second protection circuit includes：5th diode, the 6th diode, the 7th diode, the 8th diode, the 3rd electricity
Resistance and the 3rd electric capacity, the 5th diode, the 6th diode, the 7th diode and the 8th diode
It is connected in parallel on the input and output end of the second switch pipe；
The input and output end of the second switch pipe are connected in parallel on after the 3rd resistor and the 3rd capacitances in series.
4. charging circuit according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the first switch pipe and the second switch
It is wholly-controled device to manage.
5. charging circuit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the wholly-controled device includes：Insulated gate bipolar
Transistor, gate level turn-off thyristor.
6. a kind of method that charging circuit using as described in any one of Claims 1 to 5 is charged, it is characterised in that bag
Include：
The controller receives the information of voltage that the voltage check device sends, and the electric current that the current transformer sends
Information, the current information indicates the charging current of the ultracapacitor, and the information of voltage indicates the ultracapacitor
The voltage at two ends；
The controller produces the first via pulse to control described first according to the information of voltage and the current information
The on or off of switching tube, produces second tunnel pulse to control the on or off of the second switch pipe.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the controller is according to the information of voltage and the electric current
Information, produces the first via pulse to control the on or off of the first switch pipe, produce second tunnel pulse with
The on or off of the second switch pipe is controlled, including：
If the information of voltage indicates the voltage at the super capacitor two ends to exceed first voltage threshold value, and the current information refers to
Show the charging current of the super capacitor less than the first current threshold, then the first via pulse that the controller is produced is pass
Disconnected trigger pulse so that the first switch shut-off, second tunnel pulse that the controller is produced is conducting trigger pulse,
So that the second switch pipe conducting.
8. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the controller is according to the information of voltage and the electric current
Information, produces the first via pulse to control the on or off of the first switch pipe, produce second tunnel pulse with
The on or off of the second switch pipe is controlled, including：
If the information of voltage indicates the voltage at the super capacitor two ends to be less than second voltage threshold value, and the current information refers to
Show the charging current of the super capacitor more than the second current threshold, then the first via pulse that the controller is produced is to lead
Logical trigger pulse so that the first switch conducting, second tunnel pulse that the controller is produced is shut-off trigger pulse,
So that the second switch pipe shut-off.
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| CN201511005345.7A CN106921209B (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2015-12-28 | Charging circuit and charging method |
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| CN201511005345.7A CN106921209B (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2015-12-28 | Charging circuit and charging method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112350419A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-02-09 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Traction main circuit charging control method for passing power-off region and traction main circuit |
| EP4122073A4 (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2023-12-27 | Velocity Magnetics, Inc. | Insulated-gate bipolar transistor (igbt) rectifier for charging ultra-capacitors |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102364811A (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2012-02-29 | 江苏大学 | Activation method and device for nickel-carbon super capacitor |
| CN103855775A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-11 | 陕西科技大学 | Super-capacitor charging control device |
| CN203859547U (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-10-01 | 陕西科技大学 | Super capacitor charging control device |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102364811A (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2012-02-29 | 江苏大学 | Activation method and device for nickel-carbon super capacitor |
| CN103855775A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-11 | 陕西科技大学 | Super-capacitor charging control device |
| CN203859547U (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-10-01 | 陕西科技大学 | Super capacitor charging control device |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112350419A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-02-09 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Traction main circuit charging control method for passing power-off region and traction main circuit |
| CN112350419B (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2023-03-24 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Traction main circuit charging control method for passing power-off region and traction main circuit |
| EP4122073A4 (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2023-12-27 | Velocity Magnetics, Inc. | Insulated-gate bipolar transistor (igbt) rectifier for charging ultra-capacitors |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN106921209B (en) | 2020-08-04 |
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