CN106917394B - Transparent stratified soil simulation system and its preparation method and miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig therein and its application method - Google Patents
Transparent stratified soil simulation system and its preparation method and miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig therein and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106917394B CN106917394B CN201710134819.0A CN201710134819A CN106917394B CN 106917394 B CN106917394 B CN 106917394B CN 201710134819 A CN201710134819 A CN 201710134819A CN 106917394 B CN106917394 B CN 106917394B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of transparent stratified soil simulation system and its preparation method and miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig therein and its application method, transparent stratified soil simulation system includes carbomer and the carbon nanometer tracer material that is dispersed in the carbomer.Miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig in transparent stratified soil simulation system, including optical platform (12), transparent mould type groove (2) are placed on the optical platform (12), transparent mould type groove (2) underfill has transparent sandy soils (1), and the upper surface of described transparent sandy soils (1) are filled with transparent stratified soil simulation system (3).The present invention efficiently solves miniature steel pipe pile pile sinking in the soft clay of coastal waters, slip casting pile week soil displacement field visualization problem, and economically feasible easy to operate, test effect are obvious.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to infuse after a kind of transparent stratified soil simulation system and its preparation method and miniature steel pipe pile therein
Experimental rig and its application method more particularly to a kind of visual miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig are starched, ground is belonged to
Field of engineering technology.
Background technique
Mini pile generally refers to a diameter less than 300mm, and slenderness ratio is greater than 30, is applied using drilling, strong arrangement of reinforcement and slip casing by pressure
Work technique bored concrete pile or static pressure construction, grouting behind shaft or drift lining steel-pipe pile, commonly used in reinforced soft soil ground, correcting offset of base and it is secondary plus
Gu.Post Grouting Technique refers to after the completion of pile foundation pile sinking, via pre-buried grouting pipe or other reserved slip casting channel high pressures
Grouting equipment by injecting paste material jacked pile end or Pile side soil, supports power to sediment of the hole bottom and stake by slurries under a certain pressure
Layer and mud cake around pile play the effects of infiltration, densification, filling, densification, splitting, consolidation to enhance the intensity of pile-end soil, Pile side soil
And the intensity of stake, soil contact face, thus a technical measures for improving Ultimate Bearing Capacity, reducing Settlement of Pile Groups amount.?
Under identical Ultimate Bearing Capacity, post grouting pile can greatly save project cost, thus, all the time by engineering technology people
The concern of member.During slip casting, the distribution of the liquid form of slurries and final injecting cement paste it is clear whether be guarantee grouting behind shaft or drift lining
The key and Post Grouting Technique of quality can wide popularization and application key, therefore carry out grouting behind shaft or drift lining process visualization
Research, is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of transparent stratified soil simulation system, can real simulation it is miniature
Grouting steel pipe pile is easy to implement inside soil body change for reinforced soft soil ground and the correction of the works of soft clay area, transparent characteristic
The non-embedded visual inspection of shape, can visual evaluation grouting quality；
Further, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of transparent stratified soil simulation system, the method simple process, cost
Low, the transparent stratified soil simulation system and natural clay property difference of preparation are small, and realize transparent visual；
Further, the present invention provides the miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining test dress in a kind of transparent stratified soil simulation system
Set and its application method, it can more rationally, reliable analysis with pile sinking, slip casting in assessment coastal waters soft clay to displacement around pile
The regularity of distribution of the influence of field and the diffusion mechanism of grouting serous fluid and corresponding injecting cement paste, thus the further reason from mechanism
Post Grouting Technique is solved, lays theoretical basis for the popularization and engineer application of Post Grouting Technique.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
Transparent stratified soil simulation system, including carbomer and the carbon nanometer tracer material being dispersed in the carbomer
Material.
The carbon nanometer tracer material partial size is 20~30nm, 98% or more purity.
The carbon nanometer tracer material include carbon nanotube, nanometer silicon carbide, nano boron carbide, in nano titanium carbide material
One or more.
The preparation method of transparent stratified soil simulation system, comprising the following steps:
S01 prepares transparent clay: choose clean bucket, pour into distilled water, placed in distilled water a temperature sensor with
Monitoring temperature using heater heating water temperature to 50~70 DEG C, and stands 3~4h in incubator；By distilled water and Ka Boshu
Rouge mass ratio (380~410): 1 weighs carbomer raw material, and is added in bucket, stands 6~7h after sealing bucket；It uses and stirs again
It mixes device and stirs 30~40min, then stand 6~7h after sealing bucket；NaOH and carbomer (2.4~2.5) in mass ratio: 1 weighs
NaOH solid is added and fills in the beaker of distilled water, be stirred for, dissolve after pour into bucket；Quickly stir 5 using blender~
10min is to its kinematic viscosity to 2 × 10-3~8 × 10-2m2It is stood after/s；
S02 prepares transparent stratified soil simulation system: taking the transparent clay sample of S01 to be placed in transparent mould type groove, adds carbon
Nanometer tracer material as being stirred evenly after speckle field material, and vacuumized using vacuum pump be transferred to after bubble it is to be tested
In transparent mould type groove.
Miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig in transparent stratified soil simulation system, including optical platform, the optics
Be placed with transparent mould type groove on platform, the see-through model trench bottom is filled with transparent sandy soils, the transparent sandy soils it is upper
Face is filled with transparent stratified soil simulation system, and the transparent stratified soil simulation system has been placed above load plate, it is described it is transparent at
Layer clay model intends internal system and is placed with single pile cap basis, and laser is put perpendicular to the front of the transparent mould type groove, CCD phase
Machine is vertically arranged in the right side of the transparent mould type groove and, the CCD camera and image vertical with the projecting direction of the laser
Collecting computer is connected, and miniature steel pipe pile is inserted into the transparent mould type groove, and pile sinking instrument, institute are additionally provided on the optical platform
It states miniature steel pipe pile to be connected with grouting equipment, the grouting equipment is connected with grout injection control computer.
The stepper motor of the pile sinking speed for controlling the miniature steel pipe pile is provided on the pile sinking instrument and for controlling
The bearing of tilt angle when making the miniature steel pipe pile pile sinking.
The single pile cap basis includes hang plate, and the angle of the hang plate and horizontal plane is sharp angle α, the sharp angle α
The angle that differential settlement causes basic slope to deviate occurs in the case where long-time bearing load for soft soil foundation, it is described micro-
The angle of fashioned iron tubular pole and vertical plane is acute angles beta；The acute angles beta is miniature steel pipe pile pile sinking tilt angle, and the acute angles beta is 0
Value between~30 °.
The application method of miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig in transparent stratified soil simulation system, including following step
It is rapid:
S001 prepares transparent sand: at a temperature of 22~24 DEG C, using n-dodecane and ten No. five white oils, by 1:4 mass
Than the solution mixed, the transparent sand of saturation is prepared into tekite sand particle, then by the transparent sand of the saturation prepared
Soil is placed in see-through model trench bottom, forms transparent sandy soils that height is 30~80mm using the supporting course as miniature steel pipe pile；
S002 prepares transparent clay: choosing clean bucket, pours into distilled water, place a temperature sensor in distilled water
With monitoring temperature, using heater heating water temperature to 50~70 DEG C, and 3~4h is stood in incubator；By distilled water and card wave
Resin quality ratio (380~410): 1 weighs carbomer raw material, and is added in bucket, stands 6~7h after sealing bucket；It uses again
Blender stirs 30~40min, then stands 6~7h after sealing bucket；NaOH and carbomer (2.4~2.5) in mass ratio: 1 claims
Take NaOH solid, be added in the beaker for filling distilled water, be stirred for, dissolve after pour into bucket；5 are quickly stirred using blender
~10min is to its kinematic viscosity to 2 × 10-3~8 × 10-2m2It is stood after/s viscosity；
S003 prepares transparent stratified soil simulation system: the transparent clay sample of S002 being taken to be placed on the saturating of another identical size
In bright model slot, addition carbon nanometer tracer material vacuumizes degassing using vacuum pump as stirring evenly after speckle field material
It is transferred to after bubble in transparent mould type groove to be tested, forms the layered structure that top is clay, lower layer is sand, then will make
Single pile cap basis be embedded to transparent stratified soil simulation system；
S004, equipment are installed: being determined see-through model groove location and be fixed on optical platform, according to the position of transparent mould type groove
Set the relative position of determining pile sinking instrument, grouting equipment, laser and CCD camera；
S005, debugging: opening laser, and regulation power selects suitable laser intensity, adjusts the angle of laser section, makes
Lasing area vertically squeeze into it is transparent soil in form speckle field；Micro-adjustment CCD camera position is allowed to vertical with laser, and makes it
Can the entire transparent native laser section of shooting, examination take several photo determining shooting effect it is good after, CCD camera is set as automatic continuous
Screening-mode simultaneously carries out equipment and fixes；
S006, static pressure pile-sinking: rotation pile sinking instrument bearing selects pile sinking tilt angle and fixation between 0~30 °, opens
Stepper motor pile sinking 5~50mm depth into transparent sandy soils, and data picture is acquired by CCD camera and records pile driving process soil
The speckle field of body；
S007, slip casting: separation pile sinking instrument and miniature steel pipe pile connect grouting equipment and miniature steel pipe pile using Grouting Pipe,
Grouting equipment is opened, grout injection control parameter is inputted by grout injection control computer, by the pile body of 0~8 times of miniature steel pipe pile
The slurries of volume inject in transparent stratified soil simulation system, and record speckle field photo by CCD camera；
S008, post-processing: after the completion of slip casting, by computer digital image processing software to the speckle field picture system of acquisition
Column are analyzed, and obtain the variation of soil displacement field during pile sinking and slip casting, and observe, analyze the final distribution of injecting cement paste.
The revolving speed quickly stirred is up to 800r/min.
The transparent mould type groove with a thickness of the plexiglas of 8mm by being made.
Compared with normal miniature steel-pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining research method, the present invention efficiently solves in the soft clay of coastal waters the present invention
Miniature steel pipe pile pile sinking, slip casting pile week soil displacement field visualization problem, and economically feasible easy to operate, test effect
Obviously.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) manipulation of novel transparent clay is prepared simply, economically feasible can be widely applied to coastal waters soft clay grouting test and grind
Study carefully；
(2) variation of soil displacement field and the distribution of final injecting cement paste during pile sinking, slip casting can continuously be monitored；
(3) experimental basis is provided for the Analysis on Mechanism of Post Grouting Technique.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the structure of the miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig in the transparent stratified soil simulation system in the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is the miniature steel pipe pile arrangement schematic diagram of analog basis of the present invention correction；
In figure: 1 is transparent sandy soils, and 2 be transparent mould type groove, and 3 be transparent stratified soil simulation system, and 4 be load plate, and 5 are
Laser, 6 be CCD camera, and 7 be image acquisition computer, and 8 be pile sinking instrument, and 9 be grouting equipment, and 10 be miniature steel pipe pile, and 11 are
Grout injection control computer, 12 be optical platform, and 13 be single pile cap basis.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1: reinforced soft soil ground
As shown in Figure 1, transparent stratified soil simulation system, receives including carbomer and the carbon being dispersed in the carbomer
Rice tracer material.
The carbon nanometer tracer material partial size is 20~30nm, 98% or more purity.
The carbon nanometer tracer material include carbon nanotube, nanometer silicon carbide, nano boron carbide, in nano titanium carbide material
One or more.
The preparation method of transparent stratified soil simulation system, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
S01 prepares transparent clay: choose clean bucket, pour into distilled water, placed in distilled water a temperature sensor with
Monitoring temperature using heater heating water temperature to 50~70 DEG C, and stands 3~4h in incubator；By distilled water and Ka Boshu
Rouge mass ratio (380~410): 1 weighs carbomer raw material, and is added in bucket, stands 6~7h after sealing bucket；It uses and stirs again
It mixes device and stirs 30~40min, then stand 6~7h after sealing bucket；NaOH and carbomer (2.4~2.5) in mass ratio: 1 weighs
NaOH solid is added and fills in the beaker of distilled water, be stirred for, dissolve after pour into bucket；Quickly stir 5 using blender~
10min is to its kinematic viscosity to 2 × 10-3~8 × 10-2m2It is stood after/s；Here kinematic viscosity value is one more viscous than glycerol
Angle value is high；
S02 prepares transparent stratified soil simulation system: taking the transparent clay sample of S01 to be placed in transparent mould type groove, adds carbon
Nanometer tracer material as being stirred evenly after speckle field material, and vacuumized using vacuum pump be transferred to after bubble it is to be tested
In transparent mould type groove.
Miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig in transparent stratified soil simulation system, wherein transparent sandy soils 1 are placed in
The bottom of bright model slot 2, transparent stratified soil simulation system 3 are placed in transparent 1 top of sandy soils and form transparent stratified soil, and carbon nanometer is shown
The addition of track material forms speckle field in transparent stratified soil simulation system 3, covers lotus load plate 4 in transparent stratified soil simulation system 3,
It can be increased and decreased by counterweight in load plate 4 to simulate the stress situation on practical a certain depth stratum, the vertical transparent mould type groove of laser 5
2 front is put, and CCD camera 6 is vertically arranged in the right side of transparent mould type groove 2 and, CCD phase vertical with the projecting direction of laser 5
Machine 6 connect the acquisition for carrying out the image data during pile sinking, slip casting with image acquisition computer 7, and pile sinking instrument 8 can pass through bearing
Rotation carries out the adjustment of pile sinking tilt angle, and grouting equipment 9 is connect with miniature steel pipe pile 10, right by grout injection control computer 11
Grouting parameter is controlled and is set, and whole device is placed on optical platform 12.
The application method of miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig in transparent stratified soil simulation system, including following step
It is rapid:
The solution for first mixing n-dodecane and ten No. five white oils by 1:4 mass ratio at a temperature of 24 DEG C and baking
The transparent sandy soils 1 that quartz sand particle prepares 50mm high are placed in transparent mould type groove 2 (by with a thickness of the production of 8mm plexiglas, shape
Shape be upper opening cuboid, long 150mm, wide 150mm, high 400mm) bottom as supporting course；
It prepares again transparent clay (high 200mm), selecting volume is the clean plastic barrel of 30L, the distilled water of 29.4L is added,
A temperature sensor is placed in water, and (for lead thermal resistance type, measurement range -50~200 DEG C, probe diameter 4mm, length is
30mm, wire length 1m, measurement accuracy are 0.3 DEG C) monitoring temperature, use heater (for suspension heater, to be commonly called as hot obtain
Fastly, power 3000W) (for large-scale programmable constant temperature and moisture test machine, interior case size is wide to 60 DEG C, and in incubator for heating water temperature
400mm, high 500mm, deep 400mm, outer container having a size of wide 970mm, high 1360mm, depth 970mm, controllable temperature is -20~
150 DEG C, humidity can guarantee that accuracy of temperature control temperature ± 0.2 DEG C, humidity precision is ± 2.5% 20%~98%) place 4h；Claim
It takes a certain amount of carbomer raw material (75g) to be added in plastic barrel, 7h is stood after sealing；Use small-power blender (for experiment
Room motor machine blender, power 300W, the range of speeds is 0~2000r/min, using conventional 220V, the alternating current of 50Hz) and it stirs
30~40min is mixed, stands 6h after sealing；NaOH solid (solid powder is weighed by NaOH and carbomer mass ratio 2.4:1
31.1g, purity level are to analyze pure (AR)), it is added in the beaker for filling distilled water and is poured into plastic barrel after stirring and dissolving, used
High-power blender (power 2000W, revolving speed reach as high as 800r/min, there is 3 fixed revolving speed gears, using conventional 220V,
The alternating current of 50Hz) quickly stirring 5min it is very high to viscosity, rear stand obtains transparent clay；
It is stirred after taking transparent clay sample addition carbon nanometer tracer material (carbon nanotube, partial size are 20~30nm, purity 98%)
It mixes uniformly and is put into transparent mould type groove 2 and obtain transparent stratified soil simulation system 3, recycle vacuum pump (power 320W, level-one vacuum
Degree -0.089MPa) bubble removing is removed, forming lower part is transparent sandy soils supporting course, the transparent stratified soil that top is clay；
Secondly, having installed optical platform 12 (long 2000mm, wide 1500mm, high 800mm, mesa thickness in smooth place
300mm, table leg section 200mm × 200mm have screw hole to can be used for fixing test apparatus above optical platform), select suitable position
It sets and puts transparent mould type groove 2 and fix；CCD camera 6 (50~1000w of resolution ratio, frame number 15, frame in the present embodiment as shown in Figure 1
Exposure, 100 μ s~30s of time for exposure) it is placed in 2 right side of transparent mould type groove and is connect with image acquisition computer 7, laser 5
(semiconductor chip light source, it is possible to provide any firm power between 0~3W) is vertically placed in 2 front of see-through model slot, miniature steel
Tubular pole 10 (hollow steel pipe, overall diameter 20mm, wall thickness 1mm, the long 250mm of stake) is connected with pile sinking instrument 8 to be placed in left side and adjusts
Whole suitable distance, grouting equipment 9 is connect with grout injection control computer 11 carries out preliminary debugging, so far, transparent stratified soil simulation
Miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig is set up, is installed in system；
Then, fine tuning laser 5 to suitable position and adjusts 5 power of laser to appropriate brightness, laser 5 in this example
Transmission power setting is 1.5W, opens the image capturing system of image acquisition computer 7, adjustment CCD camera 6 and transparent mould type groove
It is clear, complete that 2 distance makes acquired image information, and carries out test strip and take the photograph, the company of being set to after confirmation shooting effect is good
Continuous automatic shooting mode；Adjustment 8 position of pile sinking instrument makes laser section center line pass through model pipe pile center and fixation, and it is heavy to open
Stake instrument 8 completes static pressure pile-sinking process (tubular pole enters transparent sand supporting course 10mm), closes, disconnects pile sinking instrument and remove, pacifies
If load plate 4 (long 140mm, wide 140mm, rear 3mm lightweight steel plate), then steel-pipe pile model is connect with grouting equipment 9, open position
Shifting formula grouting equipment 9, and corresponding grout injection control parameter is inputted by grout injection control computer 11, it is by 4 times of steel in this example
The water of tubular pole model volume is injected in transparent stratified soil by the injected hole that steel-pipe pile model lower end opens up；Grout injection control computer
11 record slip casting process grouting pressures and slip casting rate versus time curve, image acquisition computer 7 then record pile sinking,
The speckle field of laser section during slip casting；
Finally, experiment after, as PIV software speckle field sequence image to obtained by carry out processing analysis obtain pile sinking,
Grouting behind shaft or drift lining pile week soil displacement field variation, i.e. the visualization of pile sinking, slip casting process, and combine grout injection control computer
11 obtained grouting parameter change curves analyze its corresponding influence factor of grouting mechanism.
Embodiment 2: reinforced soft soil ground
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are only that: by n-dodecane and ten No. five white oils by 1:4 mass at 22 DEG C
The transparent sandy soils 1 that solution and baking quartz sand particle than mixing prepare 30mm high are placed in transparent mould type groove 2.
It prepares again transparent clay (high 200mm), selecting volume is the clean plastic barrel of 10L, and the distilled water of 9.6L, water is added
One monitors temperature of middle placement using heater heating water temperature to 50 DEG C, and places 3h in incubator；It weighs certain
It measures carbomer raw material (24g) to be added in plastic barrel, 6h is stood after sealing；30~40min is stirred using small-power blender,
7h is stood after sealing；It is weighed NaOH solid (10g) by NaOH and carbomer mass ratio 2.4:1, the burning for filling distilled water is added
It is poured into plastic barrel after stirring and dissolving in cup, it is very high to viscosity quickly to stir 10min using high-power blender, stands afterwards
To transparent clay.
Embodiment 3: reinforced soft soil ground
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are only that: by n-dodecane and ten No. five white oils by 1:4 mass at 23 DEG C
The transparent sandy soils 1 that solution and baking quartz sand particle than mixing prepare 80mm high are placed in transparent mould type groove 2.
It prepares again transparent clay (high 200mm), selecting volume is the clean plastic barrel of 50L, the distilled water of 49.6L is added,
A monitors temperature is placed in water, using heater heating water temperature to 70 DEG C, and places 3.5h in incubator；It weighs
A certain amount of carbomer raw material (124g) are added in plastic barrel, and 6.5h is stood after sealing；Using small-power blender stirring 30
~40min stands 6.5h after sealing；It is weighed NaOH solid (49.6g) by NaOH and carbomer mass ratio 2.5:1, is added and contains
Have in the beaker of distilled water and poured into plastic barrel after stirring and dissolving, 8min is quickly stirred to viscosity very using high-power blender
Height, rear stand obtain transparent clay.
Embodiment 4: existing correcting offset of base
As shown in Figure 1, firstly, miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig in transparent stratified soil simulation system, wherein thoroughly
Bright sandy soils 1 are placed in the bottom of transparent mould type groove 2, transparent stratified soil simulation system 3 be placed in transparent 1 top of sandy soils formed it is transparent
Stratified soil, the addition of carbon nanometer tracer material form speckle field in transparent clay.
As shown in Fig. 2, by original single pile cap basis, (original single pile cap basis here includes coastal waters Soft Clay Foundation
Basis, i.e. soft soil foundation, which occurs differential settlement in the case where long-time bearing load leads to basic slope
Offset alpha angle, basis here are the buildings such as the load, such as power transmission tower on soft soil foundation top, we use slip casting thus
Miniature steel pipe pile 10 carries out correcting and then reinforcing, slip casting measure can be combined straight using the miniature steel pipe pile 10 of inclination β angle when α is smaller
Correction is connect, the pile sinking tilt angle (i.e. β) of miniature steel pipe pile 10 is changeable, generally depending on site specific；Situation is tight
When being again α larger, we can set a series of miniature steel pipe piles 10 on that lateral edge single pile cap basis 13 of deviation, miniature
10 tiltable of steel-pipe pile can be vertical, will be tilted using tools such as the bearing capacity of pile foundation and jack of miniature steel pipe pile 10 and brackets
Push up straight row and rectify a deviation by force in basis) in the 13 transparent stratified soil of embedment of single pile cap basis in, the vertical transparent mould type groove of laser 5
2 front is put, and CCD camera 6 is vertically arranged in the right side of transparent mould type groove 2, vertical with the projecting direction of laser 5, CCD camera
6 connect the acquisition for carrying out the image data during pile sinking, slip casting with image acquisition computer 7, and pile sinking instrument 8 can be revolved by bearing
The adjustment of row pile sinking tilt angle is rotated into, grouting equipment 9 is connect with miniature steel pipe pile 10, is infused by 11 Duis of grout injection control computer
Slurry parameter is controlled and is set, and whole device is placed on optical platform 12.
Specific implementation steps are as follows: first mix n-dodecane and ten No. five white oils by 1:4 mass ratio at a temperature of 24 DEG C
Solution made of conjunction and baking quartz sand particle prepare 50mm high transparent sand 1 and as transparent mould type groove 2 (by with a thickness of
8mm plexiglas production, shape be upper opening cuboid, long 150mm, wide 150mm, high 400mm) bottom as holding force
Layer；
It prepares again transparent clay (high 200mm), selecting volume is the clean plastic barrel of 30L, the distilled water of 29.4L is added,
A temperature sensor is placed in water, and (for lead thermal resistance type, measurement range -50~200 DEG C, probe diameter 4mm, length is
30mm, wire length 1m, measurement accuracy are 0.3 DEG C) monitoring temperature, use heater (for suspension heater, to be commonly called as hot obtain
Fastly, power 3000W) (for large-scale programmable constant temperature and moisture test machine, interior case size is wide to 60 DEG C, and in incubator for heating water temperature
400mm, high 500mm, deep 400mm, outer container having a size of wide 970mm, high 1360mm, depth 970mm, controllable temperature is -20~
150 DEG C, humidity can guarantee that accuracy of temperature control temperature ± 0.2 DEG C, humidity precision is ± 2.5% 20~98%) place 4h；It weighs
A certain amount of Carbopol Ultrez 10 (i.e. carbomer) raw material (75g) are added in plastic barrel, and 7h is stood after sealing；Using
(for laboratory motor machine blender, power 300W, the range of speeds is 0~2000r/min to small-power blender, uses routine
The alternating current of 220V, 50Hz) 30~40min of stirring, 6h is stood after sealing；By NaOH and 10 polymer of Carbopol Ultrez
Mass ratio 2.4:1 weighs NaOH solid (solid powder 31.1g, purity level are to analyze pure (AR)), and addition fills distilled water
Poured into plastic barrel after stirring and dissolving in beaker, using high-power blender (power 2000W, revolving speed reach as high as 800r/min,
Have 3 fixed revolving speed gears, using conventional 220V, the alternating current of 50Hz) quickly stirring 5min it is very high to viscosity, it is rear to stand
Obtain novel transparent clay 3；After sampling addition carbon nanometer tracer material (carbon nanotube, partial size are 20~30nm, purity 98%)
It stirs evenly and is put into transparent mould type groove 2, vacuum pump (power 320W, level-one vacuum degree -0.089MPa) is recycled to go degasification
Bubble, forming lower part is the transparent stratified soil that sandy soils supporting course top is clay, then original 13 embedment of single pile cap basis is saturating
In bright stratified soil；
Secondly, having installed optical platform 12 (long 2000mm, wide 1500mm, high 800mm, mesa thickness in smooth place
300mm, table leg section 200mm × 200mm, optical platform 12 have screw hole to can be used for fixing test apparatus above), selection is suitable
It puts transparent mould type groove 2 and fixes in position；CCD camera 6 in the present embodiment as shown in Figure 1 (50~1000w of resolution ratio, frame number 15,
Exposed frame, 100 μ s~30s of time for exposure) it is placed in 2 right side of transparent mould type groove and is connect with image acquisition computer 7, laser
5 (semiconductor chip light sources, it is possible to provide any firm power between 0~3W) are vertically placed in 2 front of see-through model slot, miniature steel
Tubular pole 10 (hollow steel pipe, overall diameter 20mm, wall thickness 1mm, the long 250mm of stake) and pile sinking instrument 8, which connect, has been placed in left side simultaneously
Suitable distance is adjusted, grouting equipment 9 is connect with grout injection control computer 11 carries out preliminary debugging, so far, micro- in transparent clay
Fashioned iron tubular pole grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig is set up, is installed；
Then, fine tuning laser 5 to suitable position and adjusts 5 power of laser to appropriate brightness, laser 5 in this example
Transmission power setting is 1.5W, opens the image capturing system of image acquisition computer 7, adjustment CCD camera 6 and transparent mould type groove
It is clear, complete that 2 distance makes acquired image information, and carries out test strip and take the photograph, the company of being set to after confirmation shooting effect is good
Continuous automatic shooting mode；Adjustment pile sinking tilt angle is 10 °, and (the pile sinking tilt angle taken here is to consider that empirical value obtains one
Reference value) and pile sinking instrument 8 is adjusted to suitable position, opening the switch completion of pile sinking instrument 8 static pressure pile-sinking process, (tubular pole enters transparent sand
Native supporting course 10mm), it closes, disconnect pile sinking instrument and remove, then miniature steel pipe pile 10 is connect with grouting equipment 9, open displacement
Formula grouting equipment 9, and corresponding grout injection control parameter is inputted by grout injection control computer 11, it is by 6 times of steel pipes in this example
The water of stake model volume is injected in transparent stratified soil by the injected hole that 10 lower end of miniature steel pipe pile opens up；Grout injection control computer
11 record slip casting process grouting pressures and slip casting rate versus time curve, computer 7 swash during then recording slip casting
The speckle field of optical section；
Finally, carrying out processing analysis after experiment as PIV software speckle field sequence image to obtained by and obtaining slip casting
The variation of displacement around pile field in journey, and the grouting parameter change curve obtained in conjunction with grout injection control computer 11, analysis note
Pulp grinder manages the quality of its corresponding influence factor and rectifying effect.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of transparent stratified soil simulation system, transparent stratified soil simulation system includes carbomer and is dispersed in described
Carbon nanometer tracer material in carbomer, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
S01 prepares transparent clay: choosing clean bucket, pours into distilled water, a temperature sensor is placed in distilled water to monitor
Temperature using heater heating water temperature to 50~70 DEG C, and stands 3 ~ 4h in incubator；By distilled water and carbomer quality
Than (380 ~ 410): 1 weighs carbomer raw material, and is added in bucket, stands 6 ~ 7h after sealing bucket；It is stirred again using blender
30 ~ 40min, then 6 ~ 7h is stood after sealing bucket；NaOH and carbomer (2.4 ~ 2.5) in mass ratio: 1 weighs NaOH solid, adds
Enter to fill in the beaker of distilled water, be stirred for, dissolve after pour into bucket；5 ~ 10min is quickly stirred using blender to its fortune
Kinetic viscosity is to 2 × 10-3~8 × 10-2m2It is stood after/s；
S02 prepares transparent stratified soil simulation system: taking the transparent clay sample of S01 to be placed in transparent mould type groove, adds carbon nanometer
Tracer material as being stirred evenly after speckle field material, and vacuumized using vacuum pump be transferred to after bubble it is to be tested transparent
In model slot.
2. the preparation method of transparent stratified soil simulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the carbon nanometer is shown
Track material particle size is 20~30nm, 98% or more purity.
3. the preparation method of transparent stratified soil simulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the carbon nanometer is shown
Track material includes one or more of carbon nanotube, nanometer silicon carbide, nano boron carbide, nano titanium carbide material.
4. the miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig in transparent stratified soil simulation system, transparent stratified soil simulation system includes card
Wave resin and the carbon nanometer tracer material being dispersed in the carbomer, the transparent stratified soil simulation system are wanted using right
Preparation method described in 1 ~ 3 any one is asked to be formulated, it is characterised in that: including optical platform (12), the optical platform
(12) it is placed on transparent mould type groove (2), transparent mould type groove (2) underfill has transparent sandy soils (1), the transparent sand
The upper surface of soil layer (1) is filled with transparent stratified soil simulation system (3), and the transparent stratified soil simulation system (3) has been placed above
Load plate (4), it is basic (13) to be placed with single pile cap inside the transparent stratified soil simulation system (3), laser (5) perpendicular to
The front of the transparent mould type groove (2) is put, CCD camera (6) be vertically arranged in the right side of the transparent mould type groove (2) and with it is described
The projecting direction of laser (5) is vertical, and the CCD camera (6) is connected with image acquisition computer (7), miniature steel pipe pile (10)
It is inserted into the transparent mould type groove (2), is additionally provided with pile sinking instrument (8), the miniature steel pipe pile on the optical platform (12)
(10) it is connected with grouting equipment (9), the grouting equipment (9) is connected with grout injection control computer (11).
5. the miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig in transparent stratified soil simulation system according to claim 4, special
Sign is: be provided on the pile sinking instrument (8) the pile sinking speed for controlling the miniature steel pipe pile (10) stepper motor and
Bearing for tilt angle when controlling the miniature steel pipe pile (10) pile sinking.
6. the miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig in transparent stratified soil simulation system according to claim 4, special
Sign is: the single pile cap basic (13) includes hang plate, and the angle of the hang plate and horizontal plane is sharp angle α, described sharp
Angle α is the angle that soft soil foundation occurs that differential settlement causes basic slope to deviate in the case where long-time bearing load, institute
The angle for stating miniature steel pipe pile (10) and vertical plane is acute angles beta；The acute angles beta is miniature steel pipe pile (10) pile sinking tilt angle,
Acute angles beta value between 0 ~ 30 °.
7. the use of the miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig in transparent stratified soil simulation system according to claim 5
Method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
S001 prepares transparent sand: mixed by 1:4 mass ratio using n-dodecane and ten No. five white oils at a temperature of 22 ~ 24 DEG C
Solution made of conjunction prepares into the transparent sand of saturation with tekite sand particle, then sets the transparent sand of the saturation prepared
In transparent mould type groove (2) bottom, transparent sandy soils (1) that height is 30 ~ 80mm are formed using holding as miniature steel pipe pile (10)
Power layer；
S002 prepares transparent clay: choosing clean bucket, pours into distilled water, a temperature sensor is placed in distilled water to supervise
Testing temperature using heater heating water temperature to 50~70 DEG C, and stands 3 ~ 4h in incubator；By distilled water and carbomer matter
Amount is than (380 ~ 410): 1 weighs carbomer raw material, and is added in bucket, stands 6 ~ 7h after sealing bucket；It is stirred again using blender
30 ~ 40min is mixed, then stands 6 ~ 7h after sealing bucket；NaOH and carbomer (2.4 ~ 2.5) in mass ratio: 1 weighs NaOH solid,
Be added and fill in the beaker of distilled water, be stirred for, dissolve after pour into bucket；Quickly stirred using blender 5 ~ 10min to its
Kinematic viscosity is to 2 × 10-3~8 × 10-2m2It is stood after/s；
S003 prepares transparent stratified soil simulation system: the transparent clay sample of S002 being taken to be placed on the transparent mould of another identical size
In type groove, addition carbon nanometer tracer material after speckle field material as stirring evenly, and after vacuumizing bubble using vacuum pump
It is transferred in transparent mould type groove (2) to be tested, forms the layered structure that top is clay, lower layer is sand, then will make
Single pile cap basic (13) be embedded to transparent stratified soil simulation system (3)；
S004, equipment are installed: being determined transparent mould type groove (2) position and be fixed on optical platform, according to transparent mould type groove (2)
Position determines the relative position of pile sinking instrument (8), grouting equipment (9), laser (5) and CCD camera (6)；
S005, debugging: opening laser (5), and regulation power selects suitable laser intensity, adjusts the angle of laser section, makes
Lasing area vertically squeeze into it is transparent soil in form speckle field；Micro-adjustment CCD camera (6) position is allowed to vertical with laser (5), and
Enable it to the entire transparent native laser section of shooting, examination take several photo determining shooting effect it is good after, CCD camera (6) is set
For automatic continuous screening-mode and carries out equipment and fix；
S006, static pressure pile-sinking: rotation pile sinking instrument (8) bearing selects pile sinking tilt angle and fixation between 0 ~ 30 °, opens step
Into motor pile sinking into transparent sandy soils (1) 5 ~ 50mm depth, and by CCD camera (6) acquire data picture record pile sinking mistake
The speckle field of Cheng Tuti；
S007, slip casting: separation pile sinking instrument (8) and miniature steel pipe pile (10), using Grouting Pipe connection grouting equipment (9) and miniature steel
Tubular pole (10) is opened grouting equipment (9), inputs grout injection control parameter by grout injection control computer (11), described micro- by 0 ~ 8 times
The slurries of the pile body volume of fashioned iron tubular pole (10) inject in transparent stratified soil simulation system (3), and are recorded by CCD camera (6)
Speckle field photo；
S008, post-processing: after the completion of slip casting, by computer digital image processing software to the speckle field image sequence of acquisition into
Row analysis, obtains the variation of soil displacement field during pile sinking and slip casting, and observe, analyze the final distribution of injecting cement paste.
8. the use of the miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig in transparent stratified soil simulation system according to claim 7
Method, it is characterised in that: the revolving speed quickly stirred is up to 800r/min.
9. the use of the miniature steel pipe pile grouting behind shaft or drift lining experimental rig in transparent stratified soil simulation system according to claim 7
Method, it is characterised in that: the transparent mould type groove (2) with a thickness of the plexiglas of 8mm by being made.
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