CN106908841A - Marine non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic data high-density acquisition method - Google Patents
Marine non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic data high-density acquisition method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106908841A CN106908841A CN201710035199.5A CN201710035199A CN106908841A CN 106908841 A CN106908841 A CN 106908841A CN 201710035199 A CN201710035199 A CN 201710035199A CN 106908841 A CN106908841 A CN 106908841A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/38—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas
- G01V1/3808—Seismic data acquisition, e.g. survey design
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of marine non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic data high-density acquisition method, comprise the following steps：S1, earthquake-capturing ship navigate by water line and are dragged to the side of work area second and implement earthquake data acquisition operation using first side in earthquake work area as starting point, by multi-cable according to a collection；After S2, earthquake-capturing ship complete earthquake data acquisition operation, earthquake work area is again introduced into from the second side in the opposite direction, navigate by water line according to another collection is dragged to multi-cable the first side and implements earthquake data acquisition operation from the side of earthquake work area second；S3, step S1 and S2 are repeated in, collection navigation line is arranged according to the cable spacing of cable by the mode that cable is rolled so that it is consistent with the cable spacing of cable that the distance between line is navigated by water in adjacent two collections.The present invention realizes the high-density acquisition of geological data by the way of collection navigation line is rolled according to cable spacing by cable, for marine development of fields provides the original seismic data for meeting the issue of time-lapse seismic two according to coherence request.
Description
Technical field
It is high the present invention relates to time-lapse seismic technical field, more particularly to a kind of marine non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic data
Density acquisition method.
Background technology
Time-lapse seismic as currently for development of fields, by specific field layout design, seismic processing,
The multinomial technologies such as explanation, inverting and modeling are combined, and reach monitoring analysis underground current volume property and fluid saturation, pressure
With the know-how that oil-gas field development process changes, its analysis and research Remaining Oil And Gas is distributed, optimizes development well design
The effect of the purpose for improving oil gas field recovery ratio is disposed, is finally reached by domestic and international many oil-gas field development experiences are confirmed.
The main thought of classical time-lapse seismic is by time delay (usually oil-gas field development initial stage and middle and later periods)
Multiple earthquake-capturing, observes the difference of seismic response and then determines that oil-gas reservoir, with the dynamic change of development process, reaches practicable
Remaining Oil And Gas distribution, the design of Optimal Development well location, the purpose for improving oil gas field ultimate recovery.The phase of time-lapse seismic technical requirements two
Change of the difference of the performance data that earthquake-capturing data is obtained through treatment only to subterranean oil gas reservoir fluid and pressure is related, and with
Seismic data acquisition is unrelated with data treatment.Wherein, rationally effective field seismic data acquisition scheme design is when being related to
Move the basic and key of seismic technology success application.
Time-lapse seismic field acquisition conceptual design includes that repeatability design and non-repeatability design two kinds, and repeatability design refers to
Two phase earthquake-capturing schemes are basically identical, and this is the perfect condition for meeting the issue of time-lapse seismic two according to coherence request；It is non-duplicate
Property design refer to because work area condition and seismic acquisition limitation cannot realize repeatability collection design, by effective collection side
Case design combined with file processing means meet method of the issue of time-lapse seismic two according to coherence request to greatest extent.Offshore earthquake is provided
Expect that collection mainly includes towing cable and submarine cable two ways, submarine cable can realize that the repeatability of time-lapse seismic is gathered, but by
In which engineering cost it is higher and need Oil and gas field development scheme design phase integral deployment implement, at present the country developed
Oil gas field does not possess this condition typically.Therefore, towing cable collection mode turns into and implements for development of fields both at home and abroad at present
The Main Seismic Areas data collection mode of time-lapse seismic technology.
Seismic data marine streamer is gathered has a great difference with land collection, and land time-lapse seismic data collection can basis
Early stage acquisition scheme design accurately lays shot point and receiving point and realizes repeated collection, observation system rank is gathered in the wild and is protected
Demonstrate,prove the uniformity of two issue evidences.
At present, Determing The Length streamer seismic acquisition method determines that earthquake acquisition vessel is navigated by water according to cable bar number and cable spacing
Line rolling distance, institute's gathered data does not repeat to cover in non-longitudinal direction (i.e. with navigation line vertical direction) subsurface reflective bin
(as shown in Figure 1).Due to the change of ocean current, tide and cable plum grape, there is data collection blank in phase basis collection mostly
Area, to ensure that collection data quality meets design requirement, conventional streamers collection generally requires reality after main acquisition tasks are completed
Apply benefit line, benefit big gun operation and meet design requirement to realize subsurface reflective bin degree of covering, this results in phase basis locality
Shake ship navigation line tracking is considerably complicated (as shown in Figure 2).In addition, the change of ocean current, tide and collecting device will cause difference
Phase time, marine collection cable plum grape difference was huge.With current earthquake ship collecting device ability, under certain temporary worker paid from operation costs's time limit system,
The monitoring of time-lapse seismic second phase is completed according to the design of repeated time-lapse seismic thinking and site operation to gather and realize two phases collection money
The strict conformance of material shot point and receiving point position is impossible.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the drawbacks described above of prior art, there is provided a kind of improved sea
Non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic collecting method.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：A kind of marine non-repeatability towing cable time shift ground is provided
Shake data high-density acquisition method, comprises the following steps：
Multi-cable is navigated by water line by S1, earthquake-capturing ship using first side in earthquake work area as starting point according to a collection
It is dragged to the side of work area second and implements earthquake data acquisition operation；
Multi-cable is intervally arranged, and the cable spacing of adjacent two cables remains setpoint distance；
After S2, earthquake-capturing ship complete the earthquake data acquisition operation, it is again introduced into ground from the second side in the opposite direction
Shake work area, navigates by water line and multi-cable is dragged into the first side from the side of earthquake work area second and implements geological data according to another collection
Collecting operation；
S3, step S1 and S2 is repeated in, the side that the collection navigation line is rolled according to the cable spacing of the cable by cable
Formula is arranged so that the distance between adjacent two collections navigation line is consistent with the cable spacing of the cable.
Preferably, in step S1, the setpoint distance of the cable spacing of adjacent two cables is 100m.
Preferably, in step S1 and S2, the cable keeps straight in earthquake data acquisition operation process is implemented.
Preferably, in step S1, the cable is N roots, and N is the integer more than 1；
In step S3, there is N-1 root cable traces position to overlap in adjacent two collections navigation line.
Preferably, multi-cable is 4-12 roots.
Preferably, before step S1, the earthquake-capturing ship's head and cable attitude are adjusted, makes the earthquake-capturing
Ship course is located on the extension of the collection navigation line, and the cable spacing of adjacent two cables keeps setpoint distance.
Preferably, in step S2, before the earthquake-capturing ship is again introduced into earthquake work area from the second side in the opposite direction, adjust
Whole course and cable attitude, make the earthquake-capturing ship course be located on the extension of the collection navigation line, adjacent two
The cable spacing of cable keeps setpoint distance.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The collection navigation line of earthquake-capturing ship is adopted according to cable spacing by the high density that cable is rolled
The geological data underground bin degree of covering that diversity method is obtained is uniformly intensive, the more conventional collection of systematicness and uniformity of data
Mode is greatly improved；The nonuniformity problem of marine streamer non-repeatability time-lapse seismic gathered data is solved, is at sea
Development of fields implements the Remaining Oil And Gas regularity of distribution with time-lapse seismic technology, and then raising oil gas field ultimate recovery is provided
Economically viable solution.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing：
Fig. 1 is the phase of South China Sea east Xijiang River time-lapse seismic work area one basis acquisition scheme schematic diagram (using marine at present
Towing cable conventional Christmas mode, the cable of double source four is gathered for 2003)；
Fig. 2 is that the phase of South China Sea east Xijiang River time-lapse seismic work area one basis collection earthquake ship navigation line tracking figure (is used
Current marine streamer conventional Christmas mode, gathers for 2003)；
Fig. 3 is marine non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic data high-density acquisition method schematic diagram (South China of the invention
Extra large east Xijiang River time-lapse seismic work area, the cable of double source ten)；
Fig. 4 is marine non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic data high-density acquisition method cable arrangement of the invention and data
Extract schematic diagram (South China Sea east Xijiang River time-lapse seismic work area, the adjacent two collections navigation line cable point of second phase monitoring collection
Cloth and phase basis collection cable distribution overlapping figure and data extract graph of a relation)；
Fig. 5 is that second phase monitoring collection high density data of the invention and phase basis gathered data earthquake reflective data road swash
Hair point position difference ds and receiving point position difference dr probability distribution Quality Controls figure (South China Sea east Xijiang River time-lapse seismic work area).
Specific embodiment
In order to be more clearly understood to technical characteristic of the invention, purpose and effect, now compare accompanying drawing and describe in detail
Specific embodiment of the invention.
Marine non-repeatability streamer seismic data high-density acquisition method of the invention, with the feasible sea of current economic technology
Upper towing cable mode implements the Monitoring Data collection of time-lapse seismic second phase, is that at sea development of fields has been carried with time-lapse seismic technology
Ultimate recovery high provides the second phase monitoring original seismic data for meeting data consistency requirement.The present invention is mainly adopted with earthquake
Collection navigation line carries out the high-density acquisition of data according to cable spacing by cable roll mode.
With reference to shown in Fig. 3, the marine non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic data high-density acquisition side of one embodiment of the invention
Method may include following steps：
S1, earthquake-capturing ship 10 navigate multi-cable 20 according to a collection using first side in earthquake work area as starting point
Line is dragged to second side in work area and implements earthquake data acquisition operation from the first side.
The traction of multi-cable 20 is separately arranged in the rear of earthquake-capturing ship 10, cable 20, remains setpoint distance.
In the present embodiment, the cable spacing of adjacent two cables 20 remains 100m.Cable 20 remains straight during traction,
I.e. cable plum grape should reduce as far as possible.
The quantity of cable 20 is main to be determined according to geological reservoir task and earthquake-capturing ship equipment ability.In view of at present
Shake data wide-azimuth requirement, number of cables is generally 4-12 roots.In the present embodiment, number of cables is 10.
The rear of earthquake-capturing ship 10 sets two air gun shot points 30.In the present embodiment, two air gun shot points 30 it
Between big gun spacing be 50m, air gun shot point 30 be located between cable 20 and earthquake-capturing ship 10.
Before step S1, always according to the course and cable attitude that need adjustment earthquake-capturing ship 10, adopt earthquake
Collection ship 10 course is located on the extension of collection navigation line, and cable 20 keeps straight, and the cable spacing of adjacent two cables 20 keeps
Setpoint distance.
S2, earthquake-capturing ship 10 sail out of earthquake work area after completing the earthquake data acquisition operation of above-mentioned collection navigation line, pass through
Course and cable pose adjustment, using second side in earthquake work area as starting point, line are navigated by water by multi-cable according to another collection
20 are dragged to first side in earthquake work area and implement earthquake data acquisition operation from the second side.
Collection navigation line is parallel with the collection navigation line in step S1, and collection is in opposite direction.
Before earthquake-capturing ship 10 is again introduced into earthquake work area from the second side in the opposite direction, course and cable appearance are adjusted
State, makes the course of earthquake-capturing ship 10 be located on the extension of collection navigation line, and cable 20 keeps straight, adjacent two cables 20
Cable spacing keeps setpoint distance.
Earthquake-capturing ship 10 is sailed after completing the earthquake data acquisition operation that this gathers navigation line from the side of earthquake work area first
Liftoff shake work area, through course and cable pose adjustment after, again from the first side enter earthquake work area implement data acquisition operation.
S3, step S1 and S2 is repeated in until completing the earthquake data acquisition operation in full earthquake work area, collection navigation line
Cable spacing according to cable is arranged in the high density mode rolled by cable so that adjacent two collections navigation the distance between line with
The cable spacing of cable is consistent.
In the present embodiment, the distance between adjacent two collections navigation line is consistent with the cable spacing of cable, is all 100m.
The track that cable 20 is advanced between present invention collection navigation line (shows adjacent 3 collections as shown in phantom in Figure 3 in figure
Navigation line), the track for navigating by water the traveling of partial cables 20 in lines per two adjacent collections mutually covers so that adjacent two collections
Navigation line earthquake data acquisition range section overlaps.Assuming that in step S1, the cable 20 of the rear traction of earthquake-capturing ship 10 is N
Root, N is the integer more than 1；In data acquisition operation implementation process, N root cables have N bars track, and its adjacent collection navigation line is dragged
The travel track of the N-1 roots in navigation line traction cable 20 is gathered in the travel track covering S1 of the N-1 roots in tape cable 20.
In the present embodiment, the lateral extent of 10 traction of earthquake-capturing ship, 10 cables, 20,10 coverings of cable 20 reaches
The distance between 900m, i.e., outermost two cables 20 are 900m.Certain the earthquake data acquisition operation reality of collection navigation line
Shi Hou, the travel track transverse direction coverage of cable 20 is 900m；The earthquake data acquisition of its adjacent collection navigation line is made
After industry is implemented, there is 800m to be overlapped with the coverage of foregoing collection navigation line in the track coverage 900m of cable 20.I.e.
10 cables 20 that shake acquisition vessel 10 navigates by water traction twice have 9 cables 20 to set in theory along adjacent two collection navigation line operations
Meter position overlaps.
One earthquake data acquisition work cycle, earthquake-capturing are completed after marine streamer earthquake-capturing implementation steps S1 and S2
Ship comes into effect subsequent acquisition work cycle positioned at the side of earthquake work area first again, until completing earthquake work area acquisition scheme design
Whole navigation line numbers according to Collecting operation workload.
Specifically, in the present invention, as shown in figure 3, when earthquake-capturing ship 10 is navigated by water for the first time, it is real according to collection navigation line 1
Job task is applied, the second side is proceeded to from first skidding in earthquake work area, completed after this collection navigation line job task from work area
Earthquake work area is sailed out of in second side.Through course and cable pose adjustment, earthquake-capturing ship 10 enters again from the second side in the opposite direction
Enter earthquake work area and implement data acquisition operation, after completing this collection navigation line work operations amount, earthquake-capturing ship 10 from first
Earthquake work area is sailed out of in side, so as to complete a Collecting operation circulation.Above-mentioned operation process is repeated, is adjusted through course and cable attitude
Whole, earthquake-capturing ship 10 is again introduced into earthquake work area and implements next Collecting operation circulation according to collection navigation line 2 from the first side.
It is 100m that adjacent collection navigation line 1 navigates by water the distance between line 2 with collection, consistent with the spacing of cable 20.
By that analogy, after earthquake-capturing ship 10 completes the circulation of second Collecting operation, according to the collection navigation third time of line 3 from
First side enters work area and implements data acquisition operation, and collection navigation line 3 navigates by water the distance between line 2 and is with adjacent collection
100m, the cable spacing with cable 20 is consistent.Collecting operation is circulated in the manner described above to be carried out, until complete full earthquake work area owning
Collection navigation line number is according to Collecting operation workload, so that it is highly dense to complete marine non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic second phase Monitoring Data
Degree collection.
According to the geological data that above-mentioned collection navigation line is gathered according to cable spacing by the high-density arrangement mode that cable is rolled
Subsurface reflective bin degree of covering is uniformly intensive, and the more conventional gathered data of systematicness and uniformity of data is greatly improved.It is another
Aspect, high-density acquisition data for analysis extract not only kept enough degree of covering and meet two phase of time-lapse seismic data consistency want
The initial data body asked is provided may.
Further, the method also includes herein below：
According to the issue of time-lapse seismic two according to consistency discrimination criterion ds+dr<100m, i.e. two phases gathered data seismic reflection number
100m is less than according to road shot point position difference and receiving station position difference sum, based on a phase basic data body and the second stage of high density
The initial data body for meeting the requirement of time-lapse seismic data consistency is extracted and reconstructed in Monitoring Data body, analysis.
ds+dr<In 100m criterions, ds represents earthquake reflective data in a phase basic data and the second stage of high density Monitoring Data
The shot point position difference in road, dr represents connecing for earthquake reflective data road in a phase basic data and the second stage of high density Monitoring Data
Sink position difference.
Cable distribution extracts relation and refers to Fig. 4 with phase basis collection cable distribution superimposed relationship and data in the present invention
Shown, (a) navigates by water line cable distribution and a phase routine for the second stage of high density monitoring of the invention gathers adjacent two collections in Fig. 4
Basis collection cable distribution relation overlapping figure；B () is according to ds+dr<100m criterions, based on a phase each seismic reflection of basis collection
Data track excite receiving point position from the second stage of high density monitoring collection in extract meet time-lapse seismic data consistency requirement
Cable distribution graph of a relation, dotted line is phase basis collection cable position in figure, and solid line is adopted for the second stage of high density monitoring of the invention
The relevant cables position that collection data are extracted.It can be seen that the second stage of high density monitoring gathered data can meet time-lapse seismic two
The coherence request of issue evidence, moreover it is possible to ensure ds+dr<The enough degree of covering of data volume holding are extracted under 100m criterions to meet
The requirement of data signal to noise ratio.
Data Quality Control of the invention is extracted and reconstruct evaluation is referred to shown in Fig. 5, and in the present embodiment, figure (a) is in ds+dr
<The issue of time-lapse seismic two that gathered data of the present invention (the second stage of high density monitoring collection) realization is reconstructed under the conditions of 100m is anti-according to earthquake
Penetrate data track shot point difference (ds) and receiving point difference (dr) probability distribution Quality Control figure.In figure (a), the longitudinal axis represents probability
(%), transverse axis represents values of disparity (m)；Curve 1 shows that two phase gathered data earthquake reflective data road shot point difference distributions exist
Between 0-60m, difference peak value is concentrated mainly on 20m or so；Curve 2 shows that two phase gathered data earthquake reflective data road receiving points are poor
It is different be mainly distributed on 0-60m between, difference peak value is mainly distributed on 30m or so；Curve 3 shows that the second stage of high density monitoring of reconstruct is adopted
Collection is with phase basis collection earthquake reflective data road shot point position difference (ds) with receiving point position difference (dr) sum in 90m
In the range of 99.8%, the ds+dr differences that reach reach 98.6% in the range of 80m.
Under the conditions of above difference, Fig. 5 (b) gives the issue of time-lapse seismic two of final reconstruct according to shot point position distribution
Figure.The issue of time-lapse seismic two of the final reconstruct of contrast can be seen that the earthquake-capturing in the present invention according to shot point distributing position figure
Ship navigation line obtains the second stage of Monitoring Data of uniformity high according to cable spacing by the high-density acquisition mode that cable is rolled, after being
Continuous time-lapse seismic treatment is explained and final Remaining Oil And Gas forecast of distribution provides the initial data body for meeting and requiring.
Embodiments of the invention are the foregoing is only, the scope of the claims of the invention is not thereby limited, it is every to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow conversion that bright specification and accompanying drawing content are made, or directly or indirectly it is used in other related skills
Art field, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of marine non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic data high-density acquisition method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, earthquake-capturing ship navigate by water line and are dragged to using first side in earthquake work area as starting point, by multi-cable according to a collection
Simultaneously implement earthquake data acquisition operation in the side of work area second；
Multi-cable is intervally arranged, and the cable spacing of adjacent two cables remains setpoint distance；
After S2, earthquake-capturing ship complete the earthquake data acquisition operation, earthquake work is again introduced into from the second side in the opposite direction
Area, navigates by water line and multi-cable is dragged into the first side from the side of earthquake work area second and implements earthquake data acquisition according to another collection
Operation；
S3, step S1 and S2 is repeated in, the collection navigation line is arranged according to the cable spacing of the cable by the mode that cable is rolled
Cloth so that the distance between adjacent two collections navigation line is consistent with the cable spacing of the cable.
2. marine non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic data high-density acquisition method according to claim 1, its feature exists
In in step S1, the setpoint distance of the cable spacing of adjacent two cables is 100m.
3. marine non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic data high-density acquisition method according to claim 1, its feature exists
In in step S1 and S2, the cable keeps straight in earthquake data acquisition operation process is implemented.
4. marine non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic data high-density acquisition method according to claim 1, its feature exists
In in step S1, the cable is N roots, and N is the integer more than 1；
In step S3, there is N-1 root cable traces position to overlap in adjacent two collections navigation line.
5. marine non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic data high-density acquisition method according to claim 4, its feature exists
In multi-cable is 4-12 roots.
6. the marine non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic data high-density acquisition method according to claim any one of 1-5,
Characterized in that, before step S1, adjusting the earthquake-capturing ship's head and cable attitude, the earthquake-capturing ship is set to navigate
To on the extension of the collection navigation line, the cable spacing of adjacent two cables keeps setpoint distance.
7. the marine non-repeatability towing cable time-lapse seismic data high-density acquisition method according to claim any one of 1-5,
Characterized in that, in step S2, before the earthquake-capturing ship is again introduced into earthquake work area from the second side in the opposite direction, adjustment boat
To and cable attitude, make the earthquake-capturing ship course be located at it is described collection navigation line extension on, adjacent two cables
Cable spacing keep setpoint distance.
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| CN110715650A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-21 | 宁波上航测绘有限公司 | Method for observing flow velocity and flow direction of cross section of multi-survey ship in same direction at constant speed in ring type quasi-synchronization manner |
| CN113484914A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-10-08 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Method, system, medium and equipment for manufacturing marine storm wave consistency influence gauge plate |
| CN113568041A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-29 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Repeatability analysis method and system for time-lapse seismic three-dimensional streamer acquisition data |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110715650A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-21 | 宁波上航测绘有限公司 | Method for observing flow velocity and flow direction of cross section of multi-survey ship in same direction at constant speed in ring type quasi-synchronization manner |
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| CN113484914A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-10-08 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Method, system, medium and equipment for manufacturing marine storm wave consistency influence gauge plate |
| CN113484914B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2023-09-12 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Method, system, medium and equipment for manufacturing marine storm consistency influence measuring plate |
| CN113568041A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-29 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Repeatability analysis method and system for time-lapse seismic three-dimensional streamer acquisition data |
| CN113568041B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2024-01-30 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Repeatability analysis method and system for time-lapse seismic three-dimensional towing cable acquired data |
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