CN109765620A - Nearly bottom pull-type receives cable system for acquiring seismic data and method at random - Google Patents
Nearly bottom pull-type receives cable system for acquiring seismic data and method at random Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of nearly bottom pull-types to receive cable system for acquiring seismic data and method at random, which includes laboratory console, towing frame and trailing cable；Acquisition method, including system configuration, system are laid, data acquire, system recycles and 5 steps such as data processing.The present invention is had the function of reducing valid trace spacing, is improved lateral resolution and highly effective gathering using the technical solution of the hydrophone arranged on reception channel on random site；Connection design is combined using multiple subsegments, easily and flexibly completes the combination and extension of system, there is stronger adaptability to observed object.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to marine geophysical survey field, specifically a kind of nearly bottom pull-type receives cable earthquake number at random
According to acquisition system and method.
Background technique
Marine Geology and Mineral Resource Survey are a basic and strategic investigative actions, wherein seismic detection method
It is played an important role in subbottom structure and Mineral Resource Survey.Conventional sponges pull earthquake apart from seabed distance farther out, number
It is believed that problems of making an uproar that relatively low, lateral resolution is insufficient, are generally difficult to apply to high-resolution seismic exploration and reconnoitre (such as gas water
Close resource explorations such as object, sulfide etc.) in.
In recent years, a variety of nearly bottom pull-type seismic acquisition configurations, such as United States Naval Research Laboratory are had developed both at home and abroad
DTAGS, the SYSIF of Institut Francais de Recherche Pour L'Exploitation de la Mer-ifremer etc., played important function in high-resolution seismic exploration is reconnoitred.These are
The maximum feature of system is the position reception seismic signal that will be received cable and be placed near Sea Bottom, greatly reduces the first Fresnel-zone half
Diameter improves the lateral resolution of seismic data.Especially with it is deep drag focus (such as Helmholtz resonator sound source, 200~
When 1000Hz) being used cooperatively, Effect on Detecting is more preferable.
Pull pressure-resistant performance, overall operation the mode requirement all with higher to seismic cable, deep sea hydrophones in deep-sea
(can especially be used for 3000~6000m depth of implements) technical requirements are high, demand is big, expensive, and then bring cable
Cost it is sufficiently expensive, Seismic Operation cost is also higher.In view of the huge difficulty of near Sea Bottom trailing cable operation, how depth is reduced
The development cost (improving cable length as far as possible using a certain number of hydrophones) of extra large trailing cable improves data receiver energy
Power (resolution ratio of data is further increased under the premise of certain cable length) and operating flexibility (are directed to different mesh
Mark adjustment cable traction position) it is a significant challenge existing for current deep-sea towing earthquake equipment.
It follows that nearly bottom pull-type seismic acquisition configuration is a kind of earthquake data acquisition side for having important development future
Case.How reducing equipment and operating cost, improving operating flexibility is the important technological problems that this method needs to solve at this stage.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the shortcomings existing in the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of nearly bottom pull-type and receives cable earthquake at random
Data collection system and method.
To achieve the above object, on the one hand, the present invention, which provides a kind of nearly bottom pull-type and receives cable seismic data at random, to adopt
Collecting system, the system are made of laboratory console, towing frame and trailing cable；
The laboratory console includes acquisition controller, acquisition workstation, navigation module, uninterruptible power supply.Acquisition control
Device processed is connect by optoelectronic composite cable with the acquisition control storehouse pulled in frame, the main collection arrangement for completing signal, optical telecommunications
Number conversion, signal interpretation and control；Acquisition workstation shows for system parameter setting, data and stores with data, and passes through and lead
Model plane block accesses high-accuracy navigation signal, is transmitted to underwater acquisition control storehouse by acquisition controller；Uninterruptible power supply is other
Equipment provides stable plant-grid connection service.
The towing frame is the intermediate link for connecting laboratory and receiving cable, provides various signal conversions and control etc.
Function；Including power module and subsea control bin, ultra-short baseline acoustic beacon and posture instrument and depth gauge module.Power module
Power supply needed for trailing cable is provided.Subsea control bin includes power amplifier module, acquisition control module and Solid rocket engine module；Its
In, power amplifier realizes the enlarging function of transmission signal；Acquisition control module connects trailing cable, and provides the transmission and depth of data
The control of adjustment module；Solid rocket engine module is connect with depth gauge, posture instrument and propeller, according to the posture and depth gauge of acquisition
Data control propeller rotation, realize tow direction on position control, and then realize focus and cable relative position
Control.Signal of the ultra-short baseline beacon reception from acquisition vessel acoustics basic matrix provides the high-precision acoustics of underwater towing frame
Positioning function.
The trailing cable includes lead-in cable, preceding damping section, active section, rear damping section, Depth control device and tail tag.It is leading
Section is for controlling cable and pulling the distance of frame；Preceding damping intersegmental part has damping device, for being isolated from towing frame
Vibration interference signal；Active section contains hydrophone and pressure sensor, for receiving vibration and pressure signal；Afterwards in damping section
Portion has damping device, for the vibration interference signal from tail tag to be isolated；Depth control device is a part of cable, and interface can
Connect with receiver section, and insert experiment room console, generate lift and drop power by controlling its angle of attack, realize the sinking of cable with
It floats；Tail tag is for being straightened cable.Cable jacket is the PU pipe of polyurethane material production, and inside is full of silicone oil, and connection line is set
It does not stress in silicone oil, cable passes through Kev drawstring stress.
In the trailing cable, the hydrophone is distributed on random site, is mounted at regular intensive point
On a part of position on the basis of cloth using segmentation stochastic sampling strategy selection.Being segmented stochastical sampling has " blue noise "
Spectrum signature is conducive to subsequent reconstruction processing.If hydrophone number is n, intensive Grid dimension at equal intervals is N (ordinary circumstance
Under, n < N≤2n), i.e., hydrophone is randomly distributed on n random site in N number of position at equal intervals.Hydrophone arrangement
It is as follows:
1) N number of point is divided into n sections.When N is the integral multiple of n, there can be a point of int (N/n) with equal part, each part.Work as N
When not being the integral multiple for n, n there remains after equal partr=N-int (N/n) * n point, wherein int () is rounding operation.
2) in n part, n is randomly choosedrA section；Then by remaining nrA point is put into the n of selectionrIn a part.
3) from step 2) treated n section, installation site of the point as hydrophone is respectively randomly extracted.
The installation site of hydrophone can be set in any proportion according to the actual situation through the above scheme, be a kind of uniform
And random scheme, it not will lead to large area hydrophone position and continuously lack on a large scale and bring difficulty to data reconstruction.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in the laboratory console, the acquisition workstation can be seen in real time
The submarine site and posture of height, cable to towing frame apart from seabed, convenient for adjusting in real time to operation mode, work is dragged in guarantee
Industry safety and the quality of data.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in the trailing cable, the center of each receiver section installs one
Pressure sensor, and pass through control module for measurement data real-time Transmission to laboratory console.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of nearly bottom pull-type and receives cable seismic data acquisition method at random, including with
Lower step:
Step 1: system configuration.Need to collect the high-precision terrain information of operating area before laying, job position can not
To be more than the maximum operating water depth of system.According to exploration targets, the length and towing depth and towing angle of cable are determined, in turn
It determines the counterweight of towing frame, guarantees that system stablizes towing in certain depth according to certain offset distance.Frame is pulled from sea
Bottom distance is greater than cable length, and cable is avoided to bottom out.If xsFor the horizontal distance of focal length stern, xoFor offset distance, photoelectricity is compound
The cable laying length of cable is L, and towing angle is α, and the distance of the stress point of first hydrophone to towing frame is xd, then system
Configuration meets following relational expression:
As can be seen that working as xsAnd xdWhen fixed, the size of offset distance can control by adjusting and pulling angle [alpha], cable laying is long
It spends L to control by winch, the Propeling Equipment Control that towing angle [alpha] passes through towing frame.
Step 2: system is laid.Cable is wound around on capstan winch, and cable is sent out in capstan winch rotation when laying, according to tail
Mark, rear damping section, active section, preceding damping section, lead-in cable sequence cloth be put into sea, finally, being dragged using winch and optical cable pull-up
It drags frame cloth and is put into sea.Continue cable laying, when to 100m, whether the work of test macro is normal；
Step 3: data acquisition.Depth of implements is reached to cable, ultra-short baseline array is discharged, and open ultra-short baseline, adopts
The position data of collection towing frame.The propulsion die of control towing frame controls propeller rotational, and system is kept to stablize towing, and
Record towing frame and position and status information, are handled for follow-up data.With the use of other equipment (focus, navigation, rifle control
Etc. systems) carry out earthquake data acquisition operation；The sinking depth that cable is controlled by Depth control device, is carried out by pressure information
Real time monitoring；
Step 4: system recycling.It is first shut off ultra-short baseline, and recycles ultra-short baseline array.Close the propulsion of towing frame
Control module.Acquisition system, recycling towing frame and cable are closed, and drags and store cable using capstan winch.
Step 5: data reconstruction.The random alignment data reconstruction of acquisition is regular grid data by the step, is met conventional
The demand of data processing.
Since the working band of ultra-short baseline and the working band difference of seismic acquisition data are larger, number is had no effect on
According to quality.But the data collected are distributed across on random reception position, use compressed sensing based method for reconstructing
Processing is reconstructed, obtains the data on regular grid, lays the foundation for follow-up data processing.
The sampling process of seismic data can be stated are as follows:
B=Rf, (8)
Wherein,It is sampling seismic data,It is sampling matrix (n < N≤2n),Regular earthquake
Data.
Use Curvelet transformation as the sparse transformation of seismic data, f has sparsity in sparse transform-domain S, then
(2) it can convert are as follows:
B=Ax with A:=RS*, (9)
Wherein, * indicates conjugation.It is the rarefaction representation of f for the coefficient (only k nonzero value) in S of f.
Mathematically it has been proved that (3) can still be solved, on condition that limited equidistant characteristics obtains meeting random theory
Show to can achieve above-mentioned target when R is the gaussian random matrix being distributed with independent conformity.At this time need solve with
Lower problem:
Wherein, | | x | |0:=# { x, xi≠ 0 } l for being x0Norm, xiIt is i-th of x.Use method of Lagrange multipliers
Constrained problem (4) is rewritten as unconfined problem:
Here,For the estimation of x.
We solve (5) using iteration threshold method, and scheme is as follows:
Wherein, i is iteration index index, and θ is threshold value, is gradually decreased with the number of iterations,For
Step-length guarantees the stability and convergence rate of iterative algorithm,For thresholding algorithm.
Iterate to threshold value is lower than sparse domain maximum value 10-5When stop iteration, obtain solving resultAnd then it obtains to the end
Data reconstruction result
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step 1, detection target sizes and range are tentatively obtained in existing data
On the basis of, select the benchmark road spacing between suitable primitive (to refer between the road for the cable for being applied to routinely be spacedly distributed
Away from).
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step 1, tail tag has the function of towing depth, can be certain
Speed controls the sinking depth of cable in the case where pulling.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in steps of 5, data reconstruction processing preferably selects warp wavelet as earthquake number
According to sparse transformation, using Accelerated iteration threshold method carry out problem solving, be finally completed high-precision reconstruction processing.
The invention has the benefit that
(1) the nearly bottom trailing cable in deep-sea arranges the hydrophone on reception channel on random site, uses certain hydrophone
Quantity can develop longer cable, improve observation scope, reduce detection cost.By on data reconstruction deletion sites
Data have achieved the purpose that reduce valid trace spacing, have improved lateral resolution；
(2) the Solid rocket engine module for pulling frame can be adjusted according to the needs towing frame and the traction position of cable is (deep
Degree, offset distance etc.) and Condition Of Tow；Cable is received to design using the combination connection of multiple subsegments, it can be according to different detection mesh
Target reflection angle flexible modulation cable length.Therefore, the present invention has the detection target of different angle and size stronger
Adaptability；
(3) there is preferable Function Extension ability.Towing focus in deep-sea can be installed in towing frame, cooperated with this system
Further achieve the purpose that improve horizontal and vertical resolution ratio；Other kinds of sensor can also be easily carried additionally, is efficiently passed through
Realize Multi-parameter data observing function in Ji ground.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of nearly bottom pull-type of the present invention receives cable system for acquiring seismic data entirety composition schematic diagram at random；
Fig. 2 is console structural schematic diagram in laboratory in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is that circuit theory schematic diagram is pulled in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is trailing cable structural schematic diagram in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the reception reflection wave path schematic diagram of the cable of different location；
Fig. 6 is hydrophone arrangement schematic diagram in trailing cable in Fig. 1；
Fig. 7 is trailing cable and normal cable contrast schematic diagram in Fig. 1；
System geometries schematic diagram when Fig. 8 is present invention towing work；
Fig. 9 is to utilize the data acquired and its reconstructed results of the invention wherein, and road spacing is 25m, and hydrophone number is 16
A, reconstruction has obtained 32 regular datas.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of nearly bottom pull-type receives cable system for acquiring seismic data and method at random.
In the first aspect of the present invention, a kind of nearly bottom pull-type is provided and receives cable system for acquiring seismic data at random, it should
System is made of laboratory console 1, towing frame 2 and trailing cable 3.Other ancillary equipments include A type frame, optoelectronic composite cable
With boat-carrying Seismic Source System, it is used cooperatively with the present invention in data acquisition.
As shown in Fig. 2, the laboratory console 1 includes uninterruptible power supply 11, acquisition workstation 12, acquisition controller
13, ultra-short baseline work station 14 and boat-carrying acoustics basic matrix 15.Uninterruptible power supply connects ship electricity, and stable electricity is provided for other equipment
Source access service.Acquisition workstation 12 shows for system parameter setting, data and stores with data, and it is high-precision to pass through access boat-carrying
GPS signal is spent, Navigation Control is used for；The depth of towing frame 2, the submarine site and appearance of trailing cable 3 can also be seen in real time
State, convenient for adjusting in real time to operation mode, operation safety and the quality of data are dragged in guarantee.
Acquisition controller 13 is connect by optoelectronic composite cable with towing frame 2, main to complete cable signal and terminal signaling
Collection arrangement, photoelectric signal transformation, signal interpretation and control.
As shown in figure 3, the towing frame 2 is the intermediate link for connecting laboratory console 1 and receiving cable 3, provide
The functions such as various signal conversions and control；Including power module 21 and subsea control bin 22, posture instrument 23, depth gauge 24, spiral
Paddle 25 and ultra-short baseline beacon 26.Power supply needed for power module 21 provides trailing cable.Subsea control bin 22 includes power amplifier mould
Block 221, acquisition control module 222 and Solid rocket engine module 223；Wherein, power amplifier module 221 realizes the amplification function of transmission signal
Energy；Acquisition control module 222 connects trailing cable, and provides the transmission of data and the control of depth adjustment module；Solid rocket engine
Module 223 is connect with posture instrument 23, depth gauge 24 and propeller 25, the posture and depth data real-time Transmission of acquisition to laboratory
Console 1, and according to the rotation of these data control propeller 25, realize the position control in tow direction, and then realize shake
The control in source and the relative position of cable.Ultra-short baseline beacon 26 receives the signal from acquisition vessel acoustics basic matrix, provides underwater
Pull the high-precision acoustics positioning function of frame 2.
As shown in figure 4, the trailing cable 3 includes lead-in cable 31, preceding damping section 32, active section 33, rear damping section 34, determines
Deep controller 35 and tail tag 36.Lead-in cable 31 is used to control the distance of the trailing cable 3 and towing frame 2；Preceding damping section 32
Inside has damping device, for the vibration interference signal from towing frame to be isolated；Active section 33 contains hydrophone and pressure
Sensor, for receiving vibration and pressure signal；There is damping device afterwards, for the shake from tail tag to be isolated inside damping section 34
Dynamic interference signal；Depth control device 35 is a part of cable, and interface can be connect with receiver section, and insert experiment room console,
Lift and drop power are generated by controlling its angle of attack, realizes the sinking and floating of cable；Tail tag 36 is for being straightened cable.Cable jacket
It is the PU pipe of polyurethane material production, inside is full of silicone oil, and connection line is placed in silicone oil and does not stress, and cable passes through Kevlar
Rope stress.According to the scale of exploration targets, determine that the benchmark road spacing of cable is 5m.
As shown in figure 5, the figure shows the seismic wave fields from focus to propagate road after the reflection of target geological body
Diameter schematic diagram；In the case where hypocentral location determines, the hydrophone of large offseting distance and big depth connects signal reflection large inclination
What the hydrophone of information, small offset distance and small depth connect signal reflection is gentle structure information.It follows that walkaway for
The complex geological structure detection of different angle has a very important significance.Length is discharged by optoelectronic composite cable, the present invention pushes away
Into the comprehensively control of control module 223 and Depth control device 35, trailing cable can be made to stablize in the position of certain offset distance
It pulls in the deep-sea of certain depth.
As shown in fig. 6, the hydrophone 331 is distributed on random site in the trailing cable 3, it is installation
In on a part of position chosen on the basis of regular dense distribution using segmentation stochastic sampling strategy.It is segmented stochastical sampling
With " blue noise " spectrum signature, be conducive to subsequent reconstruction processing.Here in two kinds of situation, 1) intensive mesh point at equal intervals
It is distributed, is first segmented, every section of 2 points for normal cable hydrophone for the integral multiple of hydrophone number, 61；62 indicate from every section
A position is randomly choosed as hydrophone position, has obtained final design scheme.2) intensive mesh point at equal intervals is not
The integral multiple of hydrophone number, 63 are distributed for normal cable hydrophone, are first segmented, every section of 2 points there remains 1 point；So
The point is randomly adjusted in some section afterwards；64 indicate to obtain from one position of every section of random selection as hydrophone position
Final design scheme.
As shown in fig. 7,71 are distributed for normal cable reception channel, road spacing is 5m；72 are distributed for random reception channel, benchmark road
Spacing is 5m, and 73 be the reception channel distribution after undergoing reconstruction, and road spacing is 5m.It can be seen that this by 71 and 73 comparison
Invention can effectively expand the length of cable in the case where not reducing spacing, explore for large offseting distance.74 be conventional electricity
The distribution of cable reception channel, road spacing are 10m；75 are distributed for random reception channel, and benchmark road spacing is 5m, after 76 is undergo reconstruction
Reception channel distribution, road spacing are 5m.By 74 and 76 comparison as can be seen that of the invention in the situation for keeping cable length constant
Under can reduce spacing, be used for high-resolution seismic survey.
The installation site of hydrophone 331 can be set in any proportion according to the actual situation through the above scheme, be a kind of
Uniform and random scheme not will lead to large area hydrophone position and continuously lack on a large scale and bring difficulty to data reconstruction.
In the trailing cable 3, there are also pressure sensors 332, are distributed in the center of each active section, and pass through control module
By measurement data real-time Transmission to laboratory console 1.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of nearly bottom pull-type and receives cable seismic data acquisition method at random, including with
Lower step:
Step 1: system configuration.Need to collect the high-precision terrain information of operating area before laying, job position can not
To be more than the maximum operating water depth of system.According to exploration targets, the length and towing depth and towing angle of cable are determined, in turn
It determines the counterweight of towing frame, guarantees that system stablizes towing in certain depth according to certain speed.Frame is pulled from seabed
Distance is greater than cable length, and cable is avoided to bottom out；
As shown in figure 8, the configuration of system meets following relational expression:
The horizontal distance x of focal length sternsFor 30m, offset distance is set as 350m, first hydrophone to towing frame
The distance of stress point is xdFor 50m, then when needs are when depth of water 2000m pulls work, then the cable laying length of optoelectronic composite cable is L
For 2027m, it is 9.37 ° that towing angle, which is α,.
Step 2: system is laid.Cable is wound around on capstan winch, and cable is sent out in capstan winch rotation when laying, according to tail
Mark, rear damping section, active section, preceding damping section, lead-in cable sequence cloth be put into sea, finally, being dragged using winch and optical cable pull-up
It drags frame cloth and is put into sea.Continue cable laying, when to 100m, whether the work of test macro is normal；
Step 3: data acquisition.Depth of implements is reached to cable, ultra-short baseline array is discharged, and open ultra-short baseline, adopts
The position data of collection towing frame.The propulsion die of control towing frame controls propeller rotational, and system is kept to stablize towing, and
Record towing frame and position and status information, are handled for follow-up data.With the use of other equipment (focus, navigation, rifle control
Etc. systems) carry out earthquake data acquisition operation；The sinking depth that cable is controlled by Depth control device, is shown by acquisition interface
Pressure information monitored in real time；
Step 4: system recycling.It is first shut off ultra-short baseline, and recycles ultra-short baseline array.Close the propulsion of towing frame
Device.Acquisition system, recycling towing frame and cable are closed, and drags and store cable using capstan winch.
Step 5: data reconstruction.The random alignment data reconstruction of acquisition is regular grid data by the step, is met conventional
The demand of data processing.
As shown in figure 9,91 be the data acquired using Randomized Cable, 16, benchmark road spacing be 10m.At data reconstruction
When reason, sparse transformation of the warp wavelet as seismic data is selected, problem solving is carried out using Accelerated iteration threshold method, finally
Complete high-precision reconstruction processing.92 be the seismic data to undergo reconstruction, 32, road spacing be 10m.As can be seen that present invention benefit
The effect that conventional arranged at equal intervals cable is realized with less hydrophone, reduces exploration cost.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of nearly bottom pull-type receives cable system for acquiring seismic data at random, it is characterised in that including laboratory console,
Pull frame and trailing cable；Laboratory console is connect by optoelectronic composite cable with towing frame；Pull frame and towing electricity
Cable is connected；
The towing frame includes subsea control bin, and subsea control bin includes power amplifier module, acquisition control module and Solid rocket engine
Module；Wherein, power amplifier realizes the enlarging function of transmission signal；Acquisition control module connects trailing cable, and provides the biography of data
The defeated control with depth adjustment module；Solid rocket engine module is connect with depth gauge, posture instrument and propeller, according to the posture of acquisition
With the rotation of the data of depth gauge control propeller, the position control in tow direction is realized, and then realize focus and cable
The control of relative position；
The trailing cable includes sequentially connected lead-in cable, preceding damping section, active section, rear damping section, Depth control device and tail
Mark；Lead-in cable is used to control trailing cable and pull the distance of frame, and preceding damping section is used to that the vibration from towing frame to be isolated
Interference signal；Active section contains hydrophone and pressure sensor, for receiving vibration and pressure signal；Damping section is for being isolated afterwards
Vibration interference signal from tail tag；Depth control device for realizing cable sinking and floating；Tail tag is for being straightened towing electricity
Cable,
In the trailing cable, if hydrophone number is n, intensive Grid dimension at equal intervals is N, the hydrophone random distribution
On the n random site in N number of grid position at equal intervals, hydrophone arrangement is as follows:
1) N number of point is divided into n sections；, can be with equal part when N is the integral multiple of n, each section has a point of int (N/n)；When N is not n
Integral multiple when, there remains n after equal partr=N-int (N/n) * n point, wherein int () is rounding operation；
2) in n section, n is randomly choosedrA section；Then by remaining nrA point is included into the n selected at randomrIn a section；
3) from step 2) treated n section, installation site of the point as hydrophone is respectively randomly extracted.
2. nearly bottom pull-type according to claim 1 receives cable system for acquiring seismic data at random, it is characterised in that institute
The laboratory console stated includes acquisition controller, acquisition workstation, navigation module, uninterruptible power supply；Acquisition controller passes through
Optoelectronic composite cable is connect with the acquisition control storehouse in towing frame；Acquisition workstation is for system parameter setting, data shows and
Data storage, and high-accuracy navigation signal is accessed by navigation module, underwater acquisition control storehouse is transmitted to by acquisition controller；
Uninterruptible power supply provides power supply.
3. nearly bottom pull-type according to claim 1 receives cable system for acquiring seismic data at random, it is characterised in that institute
Stating towing frame further includes power module, ultra-short baseline acoustic beacon, posture instrument, propeller and depth gauge；Power module provides
Power supply needed for trailing cable, signal of the ultra-short baseline acoustic beacon reception from acquisition vessel acoustics basic matrix, provides underwater towing
The high-precision acoustics of frame positions.
4. nearly bottom pull-type according to claim 1 receives cable system for acquiring seismic data at random, it is characterised in that institute
The PU pipe that trailing cable shell is polyurethane material production is stated, inside is full of silicone oil, and trailing cable internal connection line road is placed in silicon
It does not stress in oil, trailing cable passes through Kev drawstring stress.
5. nearly bottom pull-type according to claim 1 receives cable system for acquiring seismic data at random, it is characterised in that
In the trailing cable, a pressure sensor is installed in the center of each receiver section, and will measure number by control module
Laboratory console is transmitted to when factually.
6. a kind of nearly bottom pull-type receives cable seismic data acquisition method at random, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: system configuration
According to exploration targets, the length and towing depth and towing angle of cable are determined, and then determine the counterweight of towing frame, protect
Card system stablizes towing in certain depth according to certain offset distance；
If xsFor the horizontal distance of focal length stern, xoFor offset distance, the cable laying length of optoelectronic composite cable is L, and towing angle is α,
The distance of first hydrophone to the stress point for pulling frame is xd, then the configuration of system meets following relational expression:
Step 2: system is laid
When laying capstan winch rotation cable is sent out, according to tail tag, rear damping section, active section, preceding damping section, lead-in cable sequence cloth
It is put into sea, finally, laying using winch and optical cable pull-up towing frame into sea；Continue cable laying, when to set depth,
Whether the work of test macro is normal；
Step 3: data acquisition
Depth of implements is reached to cable, discharges ultra-short baseline array, and open ultra-short baseline, the positional number of acquisition towing frame
According to.The propulsion die of control towing frame controls propeller rotational, keeps system to stablize towing, and record towing frame and position
And status information, it is handled for follow-up data；Carry out earthquake data acquisition operation；The sinking of cable is controlled by Depth control device
Depth is monitored in real time by pressure information；
Step 4: system recycling
It is first shut off ultra-short baseline, and recycles ultra-short baseline array；Close the Solid rocket engine module of towing frame；Close acquisition system
System, recycling towing frame and cable, and cable is dragged and stored using capstan winch；
Step 5: data reconstruction
By the random alignment data of acquisition, processing is reconstructed using compressed sensing based method for reconstructing, is redeveloped into rule mesh
Lattice data meet the needs of routine data processing.
7. nearly bottom pull-type according to claim 6 receives cable seismic data acquisition method at random, it is characterised in that institute
The step 5 stated specifically:
The sampling process of seismic data is stated are as follows:
B=Rf, (2)
Wherein,It is sampling seismic data,It is sampling matrix, n < N≤2n,Regular earthquake number
According to；
Use Curvelet transformation as the sparse transformation of seismic data, f has sparsity in sparse transform-domain S, then (2) can
With conversion are as follows:
B=Ax with A:=RS*, (3)
Wherein, * indicates conjugation,It is the rarefaction representation of f for the coefficient in S of f；
When R is the gaussian random matrix being distributed with independent conformity, formula (3) can be solved, this when need to solve
Following problems:
Wherein, | | x | |0:=# { x, xi≠ 0 } l for being x0Norm, xiIt is i-th of x, will be had about using method of Lagrange multipliers
The problem of beam (4), is rewritten as unconfined problem:
Here,For the estimation of x；
(5) are solved using iteration threshold method, scheme is as follows:
Wherein, i is iteration index index, and θ is threshold value,For step-length,
For thresholding algorithm；
Iterate to threshold value is lower than sparse domain maximum value 10-5When stop iteration, obtain solving resultNumber to the end is obtained in turn
According to reconstructed results
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