CN106908273A - A kind of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device and its application method - Google Patents
A kind of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106908273A CN106908273A CN201710277435.4A CN201710277435A CN106908273A CN 106908273 A CN106908273 A CN 106908273A CN 201710277435 A CN201710277435 A CN 201710277435A CN 106908273 A CN106908273 A CN 106908273A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N2001/1006—Dispersed solids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device and its application method, wherein：Collection device includes pulling device, trapping system, systems stabilisation, pulling device is connected with trapping system top, the depth that pulling device is used in controlling trapping system to be put into water body, trapping system includes trap tube and trapping pipe holder, trap tube is used to collect water body sample, trap tube is fixed on trapping pipe holder, trap tube pedestal lower end stable connection system, and systems stabilisation is stable on the predetermined altitude of water body by trap tube by gravity.The present invention has the advantages that stably and different depth and different layers particulate matter can be collected in shallow lake.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water environment, and in particular to a kind of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device and its
Application method.
Background technology
It is particulate matter (planktonic organism and its excreta and remains) that the particulate matter of water body is produced essentially from water body itself, big
Settling flux of sedimentation, the input of Lu Yuan and upstream particle thing and deposit of aerated particle thing etc..
The maximum feature of of shallow lake is that water-soil environment is constantly caused surface deposit, animals and plants by wave disturbance
The particulate matters such as residuum largely suspend and are again introduced into water body, and particulate matter in suspension and infall process can by Adsorption and desorption,
The effect such as complexing and flocculation is interacted with water body, and then to the ecological life product of water quality, trophic level and aquatile
Raw influence.Study according to investigations, the poisonous and harmful substance in suspension is several times in deposit, be the hundreds of of water body solubilised state
Times.So, the content and its form of suspended particulate substance are most important in research water body.And want the content of Suspended particulates
And its form, must just obtain the suspended particulate substance of q.s could launch to research and analyse, so design a kind of shallow lake hanging
Float particulate collection device, plays very big effect.
Number of patent application 201220707165.9, is that the suspended particulate substance that Wang Shuhang et al. is developed is gathered and isolation integral
Device, can be collected to Suspended Particles in Water.
But current research still suffers from 3 particular problems of aspect：
1) stormy waves is larger in lake, and collection device is often tilted in water, and this factor can influence the collection of particulate matter
Efficiency.
2) particulate matter of different depth or different layers can not be collected.
3) underwater environment is complicated, and device is easy to be limited by pasture and water in water body, so as to cause to damage.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are directed to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind can be in shallow water lake
Stablize in pool and the shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device of different depth and different layers particulate matter can be collected and its used
Method.
To realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is：
A kind of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device, wherein：Including pulling device, trapping system, systems stabilisation, lead
Drawing device is connected with trapping system top, the depth that pulling device is used in controlling trapping system to be put into water body, trapping system bag
Trap tube and trapping pipe holder are included, trap tube is used to collect water body sample, and trap tube is fixed on trapping pipe holder, trap tube branch
Frame lower end stable connection system, systems stabilisation is stable on the predetermined altitude of water body by trap tube by gravity.
It is optimization above-mentioned technical proposal, the concrete measure taken also includes：
Above-mentioned pulling device includes rope pulley and joystick, and a connection rope one end is connected with joystick, separately
One end bypasses rope pulley and is connected with trap tube pedestal upper end, and joystick can control to connect the length of rope.
Above-mentioned trap tube includes receiving flask and guard column, and receiving flask is the bottle of upper end open, and guard column is hollow posts,
Receiving flask main part is placed in guard column, and guard column bottom is provided with guard column bottom, guard column bottom energy and guard column
Sealing is covered, and guard column is stretched out in receiving flask upper end, is fixedly connected by screw thread or bayonet socket between receiving flask and guard column.
The material of above-mentioned receiving flask is polypropylene；The receiving flask upper end can be by bottle cap sealing；The receiving flask
Centrifuge the inside can be placed directly on carries out high speed centrifugation.
Above-mentioned trapping pipe holder includes trapping pillar, and groups of pipe clamp and fastening are provided with the four sides for trapping pillar
Bolt, every group of pipe clamp and fastening bolt can fix a trap tube.
Above-mentioned trap tube pedestal lower end is provided with connection ring, and connection ring is connected by counterweight rope with systems stabilisation.
Above-mentioned systems stabilisation is weight.
Above-mentioned shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device also includes protection system, and protection system is the cover of upper end open
Body, trapping pipe holder and systems stabilisation are placed in the protection system.
Above-mentioned protection system is formed for five pieces of glass assemblies.
A kind of application method of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device, comprises the following steps：
Step one, winding rope pulley in connection rope upper end be connected with joystick, lower end connects and traps on pipe holder
The ring body at end,
Step 2, receiving flask is fixed in guard column, then tightens guard column bottom；
Step 3, by guard column by pipe clamp, fastening bolt be fixed on trapping pillar on；
Step 4, with connection rope systems stabilisation is fixed in the lower end connection ring of trapping system, composition collect suspend
The device of particulate matter；
Step 5, by collect suspended particulate substance device put into specified waters, by shaking joystick come the company of control
The length of splicing rope, desired depth is placed on by the device for collecting suspended particulate substance, and receiving flask is saturated with water sample, collects the outstanding of the water layer
Floating particles thing, stands and collects the suspended particulate substance scheduled time, and water in bottle body sample to be collected is consistent with the water layer water body；
Step 6, joystick is reversely shaken, the device of collection suspended particulate substance is lifted off waters, from guard column
Take out receiving flask；
Step 7, new receiving flask is loaded onto by step one to four, the device for collecting suspended particulate substance is put into specified water
Domain, changes connection rope extension elongation, and other water layer water body samples are collected by step 5 and six；
Step 8, receiving flask is put into centrifuge high speed centrifugation, the separation of suspended particulate substance and water body is realized, after separation
Suspension carry out freeze-drying, in case experiment use.
Compared to prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) present invention includes systems stabilisation, and weight can ensure the stability of trapping system when lake stormy waves is big；
(2) receiving flask of the invention can be directly placed into carries out centrifugal treating in centrifuge, eliminate the fiber crops of liquid transfer
It is tired；
(3) apparatus structure of the invention is simple, with low cost, assembly and disassembly renewal part aspect, long service life；
(4) method of the present invention step is simple, and device is operated simply, it is not necessary to which too big strength just can be operated；
(5) apparatus of the present invention include pulling device, and pulley can control the height of trapping system, reach collection different depth
Or the purpose of different layers particulate matter；
(6) protection system that apparatus of the present invention include, ensure that device while reach certain depth in water body not
Snarled by pasture and water, device is played a protective role.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the dimensional structure diagram of apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of trapping pipe holder in apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of trap tube in apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of pulling device in apparatus of the present invention.
Reference therein is：Pulling device 1, rope pulley 11, joystick 12, connection rope 2, trapping system 3,
Trap tube 31, receiving flask 31a, guard column 31b, guard column bottom 31c, trapping pipe holder 32, trapping pillar 32a, pipe clamp 32b,
Fastening bolt 32c, connection ring 32d, counterweight rope 32e, systems stabilisation 4, protection system 5.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device of the invention, wherein：Including pulling device 1, trapping system 3,
Systems stabilisation 4, pulling device 1 is connected with the top of trapping system 3, and pulling device 1 is used to that trapping system 3 to be lifted or be put in water
Under, trapping system 3 includes trap tube 31 and trapping pipe holder 32, and trap tube 31 is used to collect water body sample, and trap tube 31 is fixed
On trapping pipe holder 32, the lower end stable connection system 4 of trapping pipe holder 32, systems stabilisation 4 is steady by trap tube 31 by gravity
It is scheduled on the predetermined altitude of water body.
In embodiment, pulling device 1 includes rope pulley 11 and joystick 12, the connection one end of rope 2 and control hand
Handle 12 is connected, and the other end bypasses rope pulley 11 and is connected with trapping pipe holder 32 upper end, and joystick 12 can control to connect rope 2
Length.
In embodiment, trap tube 31 includes that receiving flask 31a and guard column 31b, receiving flask 31a are the bottle of upper end open,
Guard column 31b is hollow posts, and receiving flask 31a main parts are placed in guard column 31b, and guard column 31b bottoms are provided with protection
Post bottom 31c, guard column bottom 31c can be covered with guard column 31b sealings, and receiving flask 31a stretches out upper end guard column 31b, collects
It is fixedly connected by screw thread or bayonet socket between bottle 31a and guard column 31b.
In embodiment, the material of receiving flask 31a is polypropylene；The receiving flask 31a upper ends can be by bottle cap sealing；Institute
State receiving flask can be placed directly on centrifuge the inside carry out high speed centrifugation.
In embodiment, trapping pipe holder 32 includes trapping pillar 32a, is provided with groups on the four sides of trapping pillar 32a
Pipe clamp 32b and fastening bolt 32c, every group of pipe clamp 32b and fastening bolt 32c can fix a trap tube 31.
In embodiment, trapping pipe holder 32 lower end is provided with connection ring 32d, and connection ring 32d is by counterweight rope 32e and stabilization
System 4 is connected.
In embodiment, systems stabilisation 4 is weight.
In embodiment, shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device also includes protection system 5, and protection system 5 is to open upper end
The cover body of mouth, trapping pipe holder 32 and systems stabilisation 4 are placed in the protection system 5, and protection system 5 passes through rope and trap tube
Support 32 is mutually fixed.
In embodiment, protection system 5 is formed for five pieces of glass assemblies.
Pulling device of the invention 1 can realize collecting the suspended particulate substance of different depth or different layers, and pulling device 1 is wrapped
Rope pulley 11 and rope are included, rope pulley 11 is made up of metal material, and joystick 12 can be made of plastics, connected
Rope 2 is advisable using nylon rope, rotates joystick 12 to control the length of connection rope 2, so as to reach control trapping system
Sink to the purpose of water depth.
Trapping system of the invention, referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, realizes the complete collection of Vertical Migration suspended particle, receiving flask
The material of 31a is polypropylene, in order to can bear rotating speed pressure high and be not easy to separate out pollutant, receiving flask 31a's
Bottleneck passes through screw thread or snaps connection with the top of guard column 31b, and the volume of receiving flask 31a is 250ml or 500ml, is received
Collection bottle 31a can be directly placed into centrifuge carries out high speed centrifugation, easy to use, facilitates recycling.Guard column 31b can subtract
Impact of the current to receiving flask 31a in small size pond, a protective effect is played to receiving flask 31a, and the diameter of guard column 31b is root
Depending on size according to receiving flask entrance, general a diameter of 100cm.The pillar height of guard column 31b is determined by the height of receiving flask 31a
, after the size of receiving flask 31a determines, the pillar height of guard column 31b is that can determine that.The bottom of guard column 31b is provided with detachable bottom
Lid 31c, is fixedly connected between guard column 31b and bottom 31c by the way of screw thread or buckle.Conveniently place and remove receiving flask
31a.Trapping pipe holder 32 is prepared from by metal material, and trapping pipe holder 32b has four faces, and there are 4 trappings in each face
Pipe, facilitates multi-faceted collection suspended particulate substance.
Systems stabilisation of the invention, is a big weight, and counterweight rope 32e is by the connection of big weight and the lower end of trapping system 3
Ring 32d is connected, and big weight is the solid block being made up of metal or cement material, after big weight sinks to lakebed, be ensure that
Trapping system 3 is not influenceed by current and stormy waves, and the weight of big weight is big as far as possible within the scope of human body can bear,
About 5 kilograms or so preferably.
The application method of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device of the invention, comprises the following steps：
Step one, winding rope pulley 11 in connection rope 2 upper end is connected with joystick 12, lower end connects trap tube branch
The ring body of the upper end of frame 32,
Step 2, receiving flask 31a is fixed in guard column 31b, then tightens guard column bottom 31c；
Step 3, guard column 31b is fixed on trapping pillar 32a by pipe clamp 32b, fastening bolt 32c；
Step 4, systems stabilisation 4 is fixed on the lower end connection ring 32d of trapping system 3 with connection rope 2, composition is received
Collect the device of suspended particulate substance；
Step 5, by collect suspended particulate substance device put into specified waters, controlled by shaking joystick 12
The length of rope 2 is connected, the device for collecting suspended particulate substance is placed on desired depth, receiving flask 31a is saturated with water sample, collects the water
The suspended particulate substance of layer, stands and collects the suspended particulate substance scheduled time, treats water body sample and the water layer water body one in receiving flask 31a
Cause；
Step 6, reversely shake joystick 12, make the device of collection suspended particulate substance be lifted off waters, from guard column
Receiving flask 31a is taken out on 31b；
Step 7, new receiving flask 31a is loaded onto by step one to four, the device for collecting suspended particulate substance put into specified
Waters, changes the connection extension elongation of rope 2, and other water layer water body samples are collected by step 5 and six；
Step 8, receiving flask 31a is put into centrifuge high speed centrifugation, realizes the separation of suspended particulate substance and water body, will point
Suspension after carries out freeze-drying, in case experiment is used.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-described embodiment,
All technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
For those of ordinary skill, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention should be regarded as protection of the invention
Scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device, it is characterized in that：Including pulling device (1), trapping system (3), steady
Determine system (4), described pulling device (1) is connected with trapping system (3) top, described pulling device (1) is for controlling to catch
Collecting system (3) is put into the depth in water body, and described trapping system (3) includes trap tube (31) and trapping pipe holder (32), institute
The trap tube (31) stated is for collecting water body sample, and described trap tube (31) is fixed in trapping pipe holder (32), described
Trapping pipe holder (32) lower end stable connection system (4), described systems stabilisation (4) is existed trap tube (31) stabilization by gravity
On the predetermined altitude of water body.
2. a kind of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described drawing dress
Putting (1) includes rope pulley (11) and joystick (12), and connection rope (2) one end is connected with joystick (12), another
End bypasses rope pulley (11) and is connected with trapping pipe holder (32) upper end, and described joystick (12) can control to connect rope
(2) length.
3. a kind of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that：Described trap tube
(31) including receiving flask (31a) and guard column (31b), described receiving flask (31a) is the bottle of upper end open, described protection
Post (31b) is hollow posts, and described receiving flask (31a) main part is placed in guard column (31b), guard column (31b) bottom
Guard column bottom (31c) is provided with, described guard column bottom (31c) can be covered with guard column (31b) sealing, described collection
Guard column (31b) is stretched out in bottle (31a) upper end, solid by screw thread or bayonet socket between described receiving flask (31a) and guard column (31b)
Fixed connection.
4. a kind of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that：Described receiving flask
The material of (31a) is polypropylene；Receiving flask (31a) upper end can be by bottle cap sealing；The receiving flask can be placed directly on
Centrifuge the inside carries out high speed centrifugation.
5. a kind of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that：Described trap tube
Support (32) includes trapping pillar (32a), and groups of pipe clamp (32b) is provided with the four sides of described trapping pillar (32a)
With fastening bolt (32c), every group of pipe clamp (32b) and fastening bolt (32c) can fix a trap tube (31).
6. a kind of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that：Described trap tube
Support (32) lower end is provided with connection ring (32d), and described connection ring (32d) is connected by counterweight rope (32e) with systems stabilisation (4)
Connect.
7. a kind of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described stability series
System (4) is weight.
8. a kind of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that：Shallow lake suspends
Particulate collection device also includes protection system (5), and described protection system (5) is the cover body of upper end open, described trapping
Pipe holder (32) and systems stabilisation (4) are placed in the protection system (5).
9. a kind of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device according to claim 8, it is characterized in that：Described protection system
System (5) is formed for five pieces of glass assemblies.
10. a kind of application method of shallow lake suspended particulate substance collection device, it is characterized in that：Comprise the following steps：
Step one, will connection rope (2) upper end wind rope pulley (11) be connected with joystick (12), lower end connect trap tube
The ring body of support (32) upper end,
Step 2, receiving flask (31a) is fixed in guard column (31b), then tightens guard column bottom (31c)；
Step 3, guard column (31b) is fixed in trapping pillar (32a) by pipe clamp (32b), fastening bolt (32c)；
Step 4, with connection rope (2) systems stabilisation (4) is fixed in the lower end connection ring (32d) of trapping system (3), group
Into the device for collecting suspended particulate substance；
Step 5, by collect suspended particulate substance device put into specified waters, by shaking joystick (12) come the company of control
The length of splicing rope (2), desired depth is placed on by the device for collecting suspended particulate substance, and receiving flask (31a) is saturated with water sample, and collecting should
The suspended particulate substance of water layer, stands and collects the suspended particulate substance scheduled time, treats the interior water body sample of receiving flask (31a) and the water layer water
Body is consistent；
Step 6, reversely shake joystick (12), make the device of collection suspended particulate substance be lifted off waters, from guard column
Receiving flask (31a) is taken out on (31b)；
Step 7, new receiving flask (31a) is loaded onto by step one to four, the device for collecting suspended particulate substance is put into specified water
Domain, changes connection rope (2) extension elongation, and other water layer water body samples are collected by step 5 and six；
Step 8, receiving flask (31a) is put into centrifuge high speed centrifugation, realizes the separation of suspended particulate substance and water body, will separated
Suspension afterwards carries out freeze-drying, in case experiment is used.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107185302A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-09-22 | 安徽省环境科学研究院 | A kind of river particulate flows settler |
| CN110376018A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-10-25 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | It is a kind of enter lake hay original place collection device and enter lake grass quantity measuring method |
| CN112924225A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-08 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Trapping device and method for resuscitating blue algae by bottom mud in strong turbulent flow shallow lake |
| CN113060259A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-07-02 | 吉林大学 | Collection device of modern lake fine particle silt deposit thing |
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Application publication date: 20170630 |