CN106907973A - A kind of Portable tree tree breast diameter survey device and measuring method - Google Patents
A kind of Portable tree tree breast diameter survey device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106907973A CN106907973A CN201710313672.1A CN201710313672A CN106907973A CN 106907973 A CN106907973 A CN 106907973A CN 201710313672 A CN201710313672 A CN 201710313672A CN 106907973 A CN106907973 A CN 106907973A
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- kelly
- cross bar
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0035—Measuring of dimensions of trees
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/10—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring diameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0002—Arrangements for supporting, fixing or guiding the measuring instrument or the object to be measured
- G01B5/0004—Supports
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Length-Measuring Instruments Using Mechanical Means (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Portable tree tree breast diameter survey device and measuring method, the tree breast diameter survey equipment instrument which solves trees in the prior art is larger, inconvenient carrying, be difficult to larger diameter distribution trees carry out diameter accurate measurement problem, with easy to carry, accurate advantage is measured.During measurement, the face for constituting the first kelly and the second kelly is vertical with the axis of trees, adjust the opening angle of the first kelly and the second kelly, make the first kelly and the second kelly tangent with trees, adjust the position of cross bar, make it tangent with trees, the geometrical relationship of the girth, the opening angle between the first kelly and the second kelly and tree diameters of the triangle constituted according to the first kelly, the second kelly and cross bar is calculated the diameter of trees.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring forest device, more particularly to a kind of Portable tree tree breast diameter survey device and measurement side
Method.
Background technology
In current forest assessment and Forestry Investigation research, tree breast-height diameter is an index of necessary investigation.
Present tree breast-height diameter to be mainly and carry out manual measurement with diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground tape measure, it is necessary to by tape measure around trunk, for trunk compared with
Thick trees, even need two people to assist, operation inconvenience during measurement.And staff is inevitably contacted with trunk during measurement,
It is subject to worm ant to bite, while manually reading scale, also easily produces error.So the precision and efficiency of traditional measurement mode
All it is difficult to ensure.
Although having there is the instrument for measuring tree diameters, e.g., including support bar and two kellies for opening 60 °, swash
Bisector of angle is opened in the Laser emission direction of ligh-ranging probe towards two kellies, and support bar is where two kellies
The distance between plane, laser ranging probe that measurement is obtained to trees are the radius of trees to be measured.But this kind of measuring instrument
Angle between two kellies of device is integrally fixed at 60 °, if changing its measurement angle, cannot realize the survey of tree diameters
Amount.And the diameter distribution of trees to be measured is larger, if during the measurement larger trees of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, by the angle between two kellies
Be fixed on 60 °, by two kellies and trees it is tangent when, then need kelly that there is larger length, it has not been convenient to carry；And if surveyed
During the amount less trees of diameter, the length of kelly is larger, it has not been convenient to operate, and a people is difficult to complete measurement, influences the standard of measurement
Exactness.Additionally, it is necessary to ensure that the laser direction of laser ranging probe opens positioned at two kellies when being measured using the device
On bisector of angle, if laser direction is slightly offset, the accuracy of detection will be had a strong impact on, so to the essence of instrument manufacturing
Density requirements are strict, substantially increase the manufacturing cost of instrument.
It is larger that other tree breast diameter survey instruments there is also volume, it is difficult to which the trees to larger diameter distribution carry out the standard of diameter
Really measurement, meanwhile, influence the factor of tree diameters measurement accuracy more, it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of measurement.
In sum, the tree breast diameter survey equipment instrument of trees is larger in the prior art, inconvenient carrying, it is difficult to larger straight
The trees of footpath distribution carry out the problem of the accurate measurement of diameter, still lack effective solution.
The content of the invention
For technical problem present in above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Portable tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground
Measurement apparatus and measuring method, the use of the measurement apparatus can avoid the directly contact of people and trunk, meanwhile, the device is convenient
Trees to different-diameter carry out tree breast diameter survey, and the small volume of device is convenient for carrying, and a people can complete the survey of tree breast-height diameter
Amount.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of Portable tree tree breast diameter survey device, including the first kelly, the second kelly and cross bar, the first kelly and second
One end of kelly is flexibly connected, and constitutes the adjustable V-structure of opening angle；
The first groove and the second groove are respectively arranged with first kelly and the second kelly along its length, are covered on cross bar
Conjunction has the first connector and the second connector, and at least one can slide along cross bar in the two connectors；First connector and
Raised structures are provided with second connector, the raised structures on the first connector are inserted in the first groove, on the second connector
Raised structures insert the second groove in, cross bar is movably arranged on the first kelly and the second kelly；
During measurement, the plane for constituting the first kelly and the second kelly is vertical with the axis of trees, adjust the first kelly with
The opening angle of the second kelly, makes the first kelly and the second kelly tangent with trees, adjusts the position of cross bar, makes itself and trees
It is tangent, girth, the opening between the first kelly and the second kelly of the triangle constituted according to the first kelly, the second kelly and cross bar
Bicker degree and the geometrical relationship of tree diameters, are calculated the diameter of trees.
Opening angle in the instrument between the first kelly and the second kelly can be adjusted, even if being carried out to thicker trees
Measurement, it is also possible to make the first kelly and the second kelly tangent with trees to be measured by adjusting opening angle, to the first kelly and the
The length requirement of two kellies is not strict, improves the portable performance of instrument.
During measurement, only the first kelly, the second kelly and cross bar need to be made tangent with trees to be measured, be surrounded by measuring three
Triangle girth and the opening angle that constitutes of the first kelly and the second kelly can be calculated accurate tree diameters.Need
It is emphasized that during measurement, only need to move cross bar makes it tangent with trees to be measured, without the moving direction of strict control cross bar,
That is, if the angle constituted between the first kelly and the second kelly is drift angle, the triangle that the first kelly, the second kelly and cross bar are constituted
Two base angles angle it is not restricted, the angle at the two angles can be the same or different, all without influence measurement
Accuracy.So, using the factor that accuracy of measurement is influenceed during the apparatus measures seldom, so to the precision of instrument manufacturing
Degree requires to reduce, and reduces manufacturing cost.
Further, it is provided with scale on first kelly, the second kelly and cross bar.Operating personnel can be by upper
The quick girth for learning the triangle for surrounding of the scale in face, without manual measurement.
Further, the end junction of the first kelly and the second kelly is provided with protractor.
The angle for obtaining being constituted between the first kelly and the second kelly can be quickly measured using protractor, work is improve
Efficiency, completes the measurement work of tree breast-height diameter by making a people.
Further, the tree breast diameter survey device also includes dismountable support frame, and support frame includes support base and folding
Stacked support bar (1.3 meters of full extension length), one end of support bar is fixed in support base, the other end and the first kelly and
The end junction connection of the second kelly.
Tree breast diameter survey device is fixed under the support of support frame, it is ensured that measurement height, improves measurement accuracy.
Further, the inwall of first groove and the second groove is made up of elastomeric material, the first connector and second
Raised structures on connector are rigid structure, and with the first groove and the inwall interference fit of the second groove.
During the inwall interference fit of raised structures and the first groove and the second groove, certain frictional resistance can be produced, will
After cross bar is moved into place, it is not easy to slide, it is easy to measure and observes.
Further, first connector is fixed on cross bar, and the second connector can be moved along cross bar, head rod
It is at the zero graduation on cross bar to be fixed on the position on cross bar.
First connector is fixed at zero graduation, by cross bar in moving process, the scale hair where the second connector
Changing, during Mobile Termination, the scale where the second connector is the length of cross bar active component, convenient observation.First connects
Fitting is fixed on cross bar, while can be fixed cross bar, it is to avoid cross bar occurs during movement and observation need not
The slip wanted, improves the convenience and operability of operation.
Further, the length of first groove is the 2/3-4/5 of the first kelly length, and the length of the second groove is the
The 2/3-4/5 of two kelly length.When the length of groove is shorter, it is difficult to measure the thicker trees of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, when the length of groove is more long,
Unnecessary length is otiose, and groove is processed in long position, can influence the efficiency of processing.
Further, the flexible connection end of the first kelly and the second kelly is provided with measuring box, and control is provided with measuring box
System processed, power supply, angular transducer and linear transducer, angular transducer and linear transducer connect with control system and power supply
Connect, control system is connected with power supply.
Angular transducer can be used for detecting the opening angle between the first kelly and the second kelly, and linear transducer can be with
For detecting the first kelly, the second kelly and the length of cross bar, control program, angular transducer and length are set in control system
Angle value that sensor measurement is obtained and computing is carried out in length value input control system, the knot of tree breast-height diameter can be directly obtained
Really, intelligent measuring is realized.
Further, it is provided with LCDs on the measuring box.LCDs can be direct by operation result
It has been shown that, it is convenient and swift.
Further, power switch, measurement button, charging inlet and data transmission interface are provided with the measuring box.
Further, the flexible connection end of the first kelly and the second kelly is provided with measuring box, and fortune is provided with measuring box
Calculation system and power supply, are provided with input keyboard on measuring box, arithmetic system and power supply are connected, and input keyboard connects with arithmetic system
Connect, angle value and length value the input arithmetic system that will be measured.
The measuring method of above-mentioned tree breast diameter survey device, comprises the following steps：
1) angle of inclination of the first kelly of regulation and the second kelly, makes the plane that the first kelly and the second kelly are constituted and treats
The axis of assize wood is vertical；
2) mobile first kelly and the second kelly, and adjust openings of sizes between the two, make its with trees phase to be measured
Cut；
3) cross bar is moved towards trees to be measured, makes cross bar tangent with trees to be measured；
4) length of side of the triangle that the first kelly of measurement, the second kelly and cross bar are surrounded, calculates the girth of triangle；And survey
Opening angle between the kelly of flow control one and the second kelly；
5) girth of triangle, the first kelly and the second kelly for being constituted according to the first kelly, the second kelly and cross bar it
Between opening angle and tree diameters geometrical relationship, be calculated the diameter of trees.
Further, step 5) in, a diameter of D=L/2tan (α/2) of trees to be measured, wherein, D is trees to be measured
Diameter, L is the girth of the triangle that the first kelly, the second kelly and cross bar are surrounded, and α is structure between the first kelly and the second kelly
Into opening angle.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1st, the opening angle in the instrument between the first kelly and the second kelly can be adjusted, even if entering to thicker trees
Row measurement, can make the first kelly and the second kelly tangent with trees to be measured by adjusting opening angle, to the first kelly and
The length requirement of the second kelly is not strict, improves the portable performance of instrument.
When the 2nd, measuring, only the first kelly, the second kelly and cross bar need to be made tangent with trees to be measured, be enclosed by measuring three
Into triangle girth and the opening angle that constitutes of the first kelly and the second kelly can be calculated accurate tree diameters.
It is emphasized that during measurement, only need to move cross bar makes it tangent with trees to be measured, without the mobile side of strict control cross bar
To, i.e. it is drift angle, the three of the first kelly, the second kelly and cross bar composition to set the angle constituted between the first kelly and the second kelly
The angle at two angular base angles is not restricted, and the angle at the two angles can be the same or different, and is surveyed all without influence
The accuracy of amount.So, using the factor that accuracy of measurement is influenceed during the apparatus measures seldom, so to instrument manufacturing
Precision requirement reduction, reduces manufacturing cost.
Brief description of the drawings
The Figure of description for constituting the part of the application is used for providing further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its illustrated for explaining the application, does not constitute the improper restriction to the application.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Portable chest calipers of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the electronic schematic diagram of Portable chest calipers of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the measuring principle schematic diagram of Portable chest calipers of the invention.
Wherein, 1. measuring box, 2. level meter, 3. measures button, 4. input keyboard, 5. the second connector, 6. cross bar, and 7. the
One kelly, 8. the first groove, 9. LCDs, 10. power switch.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that described further below is all exemplary, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
Indicate, all technologies used herein and scientific terminology are with usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative
Be also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in this manual use term "comprising" and/or " bag
Include " when, it indicates existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combinations thereof.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, a kind of Portable tree tree breast diameter survey device, including the first kelly 7, the second kelly and cross bar 5, the
One end of one kelly 7 and the second kelly is flexibly connected, and constitutes the adjustable V-structure of opening angle；First kelly 7, the second kelly
1 meter, 1 meter and 0.8 meter is respectively with the length of cross bar 6.
The first groove 8 and the second groove are respectively arranged with first kelly 7 and the second kelly along its length, first is recessed
The length of the groove of groove 8 and second is respectively 0.8 meter and 0.8 meter, and the first connector and the second connector 5 are sheathed with cross bar 6, the
A connection piece is fixed on cross bar, and the second connector 5 can be moved along cross bar, and the position that head rod is fixed on cross bar is horizontal stroke
At zero graduation on bar；Raised structures, the raised structures on the first connector are provided with first connector and the second connector 5
Insert in the first groove 8, the raised structures on the second connector 5 are inserted in the second groove, the groove of first groove 8 and second
Inwall be made up of elastomeric material, the raised structures on the first connector and the second connector 5 are rigid structure, and recessed with first
The inwall interference fit of the groove of groove 8 and second, cross bar 6 is movably arranged on the first kelly 7 and the second kelly；First kelly 7,
Scale is provided with second kelly and cross bar 6, three length of bar can be respectively read；First kelly 7 and the second kelly
End junction is provided with protractor, and quick measurement obtains the angle [alpha] constituted between the first kelly and the second kelly.
During measurement, the plane for constituting the first kelly 7 and the second kelly is vertical with the axis of trees, adjusts the first kelly 7
With the opening angle of the second kelly, make the first kelly and the second kelly tangent with trees, adjust cross bar 6 position, make its with
Trees are tangent, the girth of triangle, the first kelly 7 and the second kelly constituted according to the first kelly, the second kelly and cross bar it
Between opening angle and tree diameters geometrical relationship, be calculated the diameter of trees.
Measuring principle is as shown in figure 3, the girth (L of the triangle that the first kelly 7 of measurement, the second kelly and cross bar are formed
=L1+L2+L3, as shown in Figure 3), the half of triangle girth is the tangent line that the first kelly 7, the second kelly and trunk are formed
The length (L4) of section, by measuring the angle (α) of the first kelly 7 and the second kelly, a diameter of D=L4tan of trees to be measured
(α/2)=(L1+L2+L3)/2tan (α/2).
Embodiment 2
The tree breast diameter survey device also includes dismountable support frame, and support frame includes support base and folding type supporting
Bar, support bar one end is fixed in support base, and support base is connected with the end junction of the first kelly and the second kelly.Chest
Calipers are fixed under the support of support frame, it is ensured that measurement height, improve the accuracy of measurement.
Embodiment 3
The flexible connection end of the first kelly 7 and the second kelly is provided with measuring box 1, be provided with measuring box control system,
Power supply, angular transducer and linear transducer, angular transducer and linear transducer are connected with control system and power supply, control
System is connected with power supply；LCDs 9 and level meter 2 are provided with measuring box 1.Power supply is provided with the measuring box 1 to open
Close 10, measurement button 3, charging inlet and data transmission interface.Concrete operations are：10 are turned on the power switch, it is defeated with input keyboard 4
Enter trees numbering to be measured, the kelly of device two is sandwiched at trunk breastheight, make the kelly of device two tangent with trunk respectively, by checking
The position of horizontal bubble in level meter 2, it is ensured that two kellies are in same level, then promote the connector 5 of two kellies, are made
Middle cross bar 6 is also tangent with trunk, presses measurement button 3, measures tree breast-height diameter, and is shown on LCDs 9 final
The gained diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground.If trunk bending is inclined, without the concern for the adjustment requirement of level meter 2.
Embodiment 4
The flexible connection end of the first kelly 7 and the second kelly is provided with measuring box 1, be provided with measuring box arithmetic system and
Power supply, is provided with input keyboard on measuring box, arithmetic system and power supply are connected, and input keyboard is connected with arithmetic system, will measure
Angle value and length value input arithmetic system, calculate tree breast-height diameter, and show the final gained diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground on a display screen.
The preferred embodiment of the application is the foregoing is only, the application is not limited to, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the application can have various modifications and variations.It is all within spirit herein and principle, made any repair
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Portable tree tree breast diameter survey device, it is characterised in that：Including the first kelly, the second kelly and cross bar, first
One end of kelly and the second kelly is flexibly connected, and constitutes the adjustable V-structure of opening angle；
The first groove and the second groove are respectively arranged with first kelly and the second kelly along its length, are sheathed with cross bar
First connector and the second connector, at least one can slide along cross bar in the two connectors；First connector and second
Raised structures are provided with connector, the raised structures on the first connector are inserted in the first groove, it is prominent on the second connector
Play structure to insert in the second groove, cross bar is movably arranged on the first kelly and the second kelly；
During measurement, the plane for constituting the first kelly and the second kelly is vertical with the axis of trees, adjusts the first kelly and second
The opening angle of kelly, makes the first kelly and the second kelly tangent with trees, adjusts the position of cross bar, makes it with trees phase
Cut, girth, the opening between the first kelly and the second kelly of the triangle constituted according to the first kelly, the second kelly and cross bar
Angle and the geometrical relationship of tree diameters, are calculated the diameter of trees.
2. tree breast diameter survey device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First kelly, the second kelly and cross bar
On be provided with scale；
Or, the end junction of the first kelly and the second kelly is provided with protractor.
3. tree breast diameter survey device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The tree breast diameter survey device also includes detachable
Support frame, support frame includes support base and folding type supporting bar, and one end of support bar is fixed in support base, the other end
End junction with the first kelly and the second kelly is connected.
4. tree breast diameter survey device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The inwall of first groove and the second groove
Be made up of elastomeric material, the raised structures on the first connector and the second connector are rigid structure, and with the first groove and the
The inwall interference fit of two grooves.
5. tree breast diameter survey device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First connector is fixed on cross bar,
Second connector can be moved along cross bar, and it is at the zero graduation on cross bar that head rod is fixed on the position on cross bar.
6. tree breast diameter survey device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The flexible connection of the first kelly and the second kelly
End is provided with measuring box, and control system, power supply, angular transducer and linear transducer, angular transducer are provided with measuring box
It is connected with control system and power supply with linear transducer, control system is connected with power supply；
Preferably, it is provided with LCDs on the measuring box.
7. tree breast diameter survey device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Be provided with the measuring box power switch,
Measurement button, charging inlet and data transmission interface.
8. tree breast diameter survey device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The flexible connection of the first kelly and the second kelly
End is provided with measuring box, and arithmetic system and power supply are provided with measuring box, is provided with input keyboard on measuring box, arithmetic system and
Power supply is connected, and input keyboard is connected with arithmetic system, angle value and length value the input arithmetic system that will be measured.
9. the measuring method of any tree breast diameter survey devices of claim 1-8, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
1) angle of inclination of the first kelly of regulation and the second kelly, makes the plane that the first kelly and the second kelly are constituted and treats assize
The axis of wood is vertical；
2) mobile first kelly and the second kelly, and openings of sizes between the two is adjusted, make it tangent with trees to be measured；
3) cross bar is moved towards trees to be measured, makes cross bar tangent with trees to be measured；
4) length of side of the triangle that the first kelly of measurement, the second kelly and cross bar are surrounded, calculates the girth of triangle；And measure the
Opening angle between one kelly and the second kelly；
5) according to the first kelly, the second kelly and cross bar constitute triangle girth, between the first kelly and the second kelly
Opening angle and the geometrical relationship of tree diameters, are calculated the diameter of trees.
10. measuring method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Step 5) in, a diameter of D=L/ of trees to be measured
2tan (α/2), wherein, D is the diameter of trees to be measured, and L is the week of the triangle that the first kelly, the second kelly and cross bar are surrounded
Long, α is the opening angle constituted between the first kelly and the second kelly.
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| CN201710313672.1A CN106907973B (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2017-05-05 | Portable tree breast height diameter measuring device and method |
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| CN201710313672.1A CN106907973B (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2017-05-05 | Portable tree breast height diameter measuring device and method |
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| CN108225234A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-06-29 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of standing tree size detecting device based on angular transducer |
| CN108562200A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-09-21 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of Portable standing wood gauging instrument based on ribbon amount arm anchor ear |
| CN109579762A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-04-05 | 浙江农林大学 | A kind of measuring device and measuring method of tree breast-height diameter |
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| CN112539725A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-23 | 华东师范大学 | Method, equipment and computer-readable storage medium for improving analysis precision of trunk growing process |
| CN113418433A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-09-21 | 浙江农林大学 | Device and method for measuring tree breast diameter by straight rod type geometric method |
| CN116659442A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-08-29 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司舟山供电公司 | Cable diameter detector and working method thereof |
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| CN109579762A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-04-05 | 浙江农林大学 | A kind of measuring device and measuring method of tree breast-height diameter |
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