CN106907204B - A kind of absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium and its system of low-temperature heat source driving - Google Patents
A kind of absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium and its system of low-temperature heat source driving Download PDFInfo
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- CN106907204B CN106907204B CN201710291111.6A CN201710291111A CN106907204B CN 106907204 B CN106907204 B CN 106907204B CN 201710291111 A CN201710291111 A CN 201710291111A CN 106907204 B CN106907204 B CN 106907204B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
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Abstract
The invention discloses the absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium and its system of a kind of low-temperature heat source driving, comprise the following steps：1) organic working medium is heated to be into saturated solution to be passed through in the first vortex tube, after the first vortex tube swelling decompression, generate gas-fluid two-phase mixture, 2) the first superheated steam for being flowed out from the first vortex tube and the first saturated vapor are mixed into expansion work in the first expanding machine；3) the second solution flowed out from second eddy current pipe enters absorber after flowing through backheat evaporator heat release under gravity；First expanding machine does work to drive with the second expanding machine and generated electricity with its generator operation being connected by shaft coupling.The saturation concentrated solution of high pressure is carried out two-stage separation by the present invention, produce refrigerant vapour to generate electricity for expansion work, while the pressure of system absorption process is adjusted using circulating pump, reduce the thermic load of condenser, so as to improve the thermal efficiency of electricity generation system, there is higher Technical Economy.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to low grade heat energy to utilize technical field, and in particular to a kind of organic working medium of low-temperature heat source driving is inhaled
Receipts formula electricity-generating method and its system.
Background technology：
Absorption generation technology is a kind of effective ways using low grade heat energy.Current absorption electricity generation system is adopted mostly
Use NH3/H2O solution is working medium, and such as kalina (Kalina) circulatory system, (1989 by A. kalinas (Alexander
Kalina a kind of) the thermodynamic cycle using the non-azeotrope mixed liquor of water and ammonia as working medium proposed), in waste heat boiler type combustion gas-steaming
In vapour combined cycle, substitute the rankine cycle using water as working medium with it, the single-machine capacity and power supply that can improve combined cycle are imitated
Rate.But the shortcomings that kalina (Kalina) circulatory system, is quite obvious：NH3It is poisonous, easily human body is damaged；System is transported
Row pressure is big, causes system equipment huge, and NH3Easily reveal, the NH in a denier air3When content is between 15~28%vol, meet
Naked light can then explode, and be unfavorable for safe operation；NH3/H2Requirement of the absorption electricity generation systems of O to driving heat source temperature is of a relatively high,
It is unfavorable for the utilization of low-grade energy.In addition, existing absorption electricity generation system is generally adopted in low pressure (condensing pressure) side
It is weary that expanding machine is absorbed with refrigerant barren solution (hereinafter referred to as " weak solution ", corresponding refrigerant mother solution are referred to as " concentrated solution ")
Gas, such as patent of invention ZL200910193870.4, heat caused by the sensible heat and absorption process of weak solution is cooled medium belt
Walk, cause certain energy dissipation, so that system thermal efficiency is not high, and conventional absorption system must match somebody with somebody to balance pressure
Throttling arrangement is put, which increases the irreversible loss of electricity generation system.On the other hand, the generation of conventional absorption electricity generation system
Device outlet is gas-liquid two-phase fluidised form, and operation control is complex.
Therefore, prior art has much room for improvement and developed.
The content of the invention：
The absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium and its system driven it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of low-temperature heat source,
It is directed to different application places, and the operating pressure of its solution circulation flow amount and absorption process can be according to heat source temperature and molten
Liquid concentration is adjusted, and can be transported at a lower temperature as cycle fluid, electricity generation system using organic working medium mixture
Row (>=70 DEG C), and there is higher thermal performance.
First purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium of low-temperature heat source driving, including
Following steps：
1) organic working medium is heated into after saturated solution and be passed through in the first vortex tube, after the first vortex tube swelling decompression,
The vaporization of lower boiling organic working medium, generates gas-fluid two-phase mixture, isolates the first superheated steam, the first saturated vapor and the
One solution；
2) the first superheated steam and the first saturated vapor flowed out from the first vortex tube is mixed into the first expanding machine
Expansion work；The first solution flowed out from the first vortex tube enters second eddy current pipe under gravity, through second eddy current
Tube swelling is depressured, and lower boiling organic working medium further vaporizes, and generates gas-fluid two-phase mixture, isolate the second superheated steam,
Second saturated vapor and the second solution, the second superheated steam flowed out from second eddy current pipe are mixed into the second saturated vapor
Enter expansion work in the second expanding machine；
3) the second solution flowed out from second eddy current pipe enters after flowing through backheat evaporator heat release under gravity
Absorber；First expanding machine does work to drive with the second expanding machine and generated electricity with its generator operation being connected by shaft coupling；First
The inlet pressure that the mixed vapour of the first superheated steam and the first saturated vapor in expanding machine is expanded to the second expanding machine is laggard
Enter absorber to be absorbed by the second solution from second eddy current pipe；The second superheated steam and the second saturation in second expanding machine steam
The mixed vapour of vapour enters condenser after being expanded to condensing pressure, and the mixed vapour is cooled to by the cooling medium outside condenser
Liquid；
4) the 3rd solution that liquid is cooled to by condenser flows through preheater absorption after cryogenic fluid pump boosts to certain pressure
Partial heat, subsequently enter in absorber, the 3rd solution heat caused by absorption process is pressed to corresponding in absorber
Flow into backheat evaporator and be further heated after saturated liquid under power, generate saturated vapor；Absorb what is ended in absorber
4th solution flows through preheater under the boosting of the first solution pump, is changed into after partial heat is discharged in preheater
Enter injection adiabatic absorber as working fluid after cold conditions solution, expanded in adiabatic absorber is sprayed and form low pressure or true
Sky, caused steam is inhaled into coupled backheat evaporator, and working fluid is with saturated vapor in injection adiabatic absorber
Inside it is sufficiently mixed, ultimately forms the solution of pressure placed in the middle, enters heater after the boosting of the second solution pump after, formation system is followed
Ring.
In the absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium of low-temperature heat source driving proposed by the present invention, heater outlet saturated solution
Separation process point two-stage of steaming carry out, first order separation process of steaming is carried out in the first vortex tube, and second level separation is steamed
Process is carried out in second eddy current pipe.Vortex tube uses adverse current type vortex tube, and using its Energy separation performance, the saturation of high pressure is dense
Solution is depressured after vortex tube import entrance by expanding, and some refrigerant vaporization, produces gas-fluid two-phase mixture, wherein
High speed rotational flow, saturation weak solution, overheat refrigerant vapour and saturation refrigerant vapour are isolated, weak solution is by vortex bottom of the tube
Liquid outlet flows out, and overheat refrigerant vapour flows out from the heat outlet of vortex tube with cold air outlet respectively with saturation refrigerant vapour.
Absorption process point two-stage under the conditions of intermediate pressure is carried out, and first order absorption process is carried out in absorber, and second
Level absorption process is carried out in injection adiabatic absorber.Absorber can use horizontal tube falling film formula absorber, vertical tube falling formula to inhale
Receive device or bubbling absorber, by preheater Lai cryogen liquid walk tube side and enter absorber heat caused by absorption process
To saturated liquid.Injection adiabatic absorber uses biphase gas and liquid flow injector, and high pressure supercooled state weak solution is entered as working fluid
Enter injector, rapid expansion wherein forms low pressure or vacuum, is produced in the backheat evaporator being connected with its driving fluid import
Low pressure refrigerant vapour be inhaled into, weak solution and refrigerant vapour are sufficiently mixed in injector and handed over along with momentum and energy
Change, the concentrated solution for ultimately forming pressure placed in the middle exports outflow from fluid-mixing；Whole absorption process injector and extraneous empty calory
Exchange.In addition, caused ejector action additionally aids the cryogen liquid heat absorption promoted in backheat evaporator in injection adiabatic absorber
Vaporization.
The present invention substitutes flash vessel using vortex tube, using the Energy separation performance of vortex tube, by the organic working medium of high pressure
Saturation concentrated solution carries out two-stage separation, and caused refrigerant vapour generates electricity for expansion work, while with circulating pump to absorption process
Pressure be adjusted, a point two-stage absorbs under the conditions of intermediate pressure, realize weak solution sensible heat with absorb heat maximization reclaim,
The thermic load of condenser is reduced, so as to improve the thermal efficiency of electricity generation system, there is higher Technical Economy.
Vortex tube is energy separation device, and it is made up of nozzle, minor air cell, separation orifice and cold and hot two end pipe.Work
When compressed gas expanded in nozzle, vortex tube is tangentially then entered with very high speed.Air-flow is high in vortex tube
During speed rotation, the unequal two parts air-flow of stagnation temperature is separated into after vortex converts, the gas flow temperature in centre is low,
And the gas flow temperature in outer layer position is high, hot and cold stream ratio is adjusted, optimal separating effect can be obtained.
Organic working medium described in step (1) includes the low-boiling-point organic compound as refrigerant and the height boiling as absorbent
Point organic matter, described low-boiling-point organic compound be selected from R1234yf (2,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropene), R1233zd (E) (anti-form-1-
Chloro- 3,3,3- trifluoro propenes), R1336mzz (Z) (cis -1,1,1,4,4,4- hexafluoros -2- butylene), R1234ze (E) (it is trans -
1,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropene) and R1234ze (Z) (cis -1,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropenes) in one or more, described height boiling
Point organic matter is selected from TrEGDME (TRIGLYME), TEGDME (tetraethyleneglycol dimethyl ether) and NMP (N- crassitudes
Ketone) in one kind.
In the present invention, low-boiling-point organic compound uses security preferable environmental-protection organic matter R1234yf, R1233zd
(E), the one or more in R1336mzz (Z), R1234ze (E) and R1234ze (Z), high boiling point organic compound using TrEGDME,
One kind in TEGDME and NMP.The boiling-point difference of above-mentioned low-boiling-point organic compound and high boiling point organic compound is larger, the first vortex tube and
The superheated steam and saturated vapor of two vortex tubes outlet are mainly refrigerant vapour.
It is another object of the present invention to propose a kind of absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium of low-temperature heat source driving, including will
Organic working medium is heated to be the heater of saturated solution, the first vortex tube, the first expanding machine, second eddy current pipe, the second expanding machine, hair
Motor, condenser, cryogenic fluid pump, preheater, absorber, backheat evaporator, the first solution pump, injection adiabatic absorber and second are molten
Liquid pump, the saturated solution outlet of described heater are connected with the second import of the first vortex tube, the first described vortex tube
The triple feed inlet of the first expanding machine is connected to after first heat outlet is in parallel with the first cold air outlet, the first described vortex tube
First liquid outlet is connected with the 4th import of second eddy current pipe, the second heat outlet of described second eddy current pipe and second cold
The 5th import of the second expanding machine is connected to after gas outlet is in parallel, the second liquid outlet of described second eddy current pipe passes through backheat
The dilute solution inlet of absorber, the described first outlet of the first expanding machine and the refrigerant vapour of absorber are connected to after evaporator
Import is connected, and the second outlet of the second described expanding machine passes sequentially through condenser, cryogenic fluid pump, preheater, absorber, backheat and steamed
The driving fluid import of injection adiabatic absorber is connected to after hair device；The concentrated solution outlet of described absorber passes sequentially through first
The working fluid import of injection adiabatic absorber, the mixing of described injection adiabatic absorber are connected to after solution pump, preheater
By being connected to the first import of heater after the second solution pump, the first described expanding machine and the second expanding machine lead to fluid issuing
Shaft coupling is crossed with generator to be connected.
In the present invention, absorber can use horizontal tube falling film formula absorber, vertical tube falling formula absorber or bubble type to inhale
Receive device, the cryogen liquid come by preheater walk tube side enter absorber caused by absorption process heat to saturated liquid.Spray
Penetrate adiabatic absorber and use biphase gas and liquid flow injector, high pressure supercooled state weak solution enters injector as working fluid, at it
In rapid expansion form low pressure or vacuum, caused low pressure refrigerant vapour in the backheat evaporator being connected with its driving fluid import
It is inhaled into, weak solution is sufficiently mixed in injector with refrigerant vapour and along with momentum and energy exchange, ultimately formed placed in the middle
The concentrated solution of pressure exports from fluid-mixing to flow out；Whole absorption process injector exchanges with extraneous empty calory.In addition, injection is exhausted
Caused ejector action additionally aids the cryogen liquid heat absorption vaporization promoted in backheat evaporator in heat absorber.
In the present invention, cryogenic fluid pump, the first solution pump and the second solution pump can use canned motor pump, can also use magnetic force
Pump.Generator can use synchronous generator, can also use asynchronous generator.Connected mode between various parts is gold
Metal conduit connects.
Preferably, described organic working medium includes the low-boiling-point organic compound as refrigerant and the higher boiling as absorbent
Organic matter, described low-boiling-point organic compound be selected from R1234yf, R1233zd (E), R1336mzz (Z), R1234ze (E) and
One or more in R1234ze (Z), the one kind of described high boiling point organic compound in TrEGDME, TEGDME and NMP, its
The mass ratio of middle low-boiling-point organic compound and high boiling point organic compound is about 0.3~0.7.
Preferably, the position of the 4th import of described second eddy current pipe is less than the first liquid outlet of the first vortex tube
Position, the position of the second solution inlet port of described backheat evaporator are less than the position that the second liquid of second eddy current pipe exports,
Position of the position of the dilute solution inlet of the absorber less than the second taphole of backheat evaporator.The of second eddy current pipe
The position of four imports is less than the position of the first liquid outlet of the first vortex tube, the weak solution energy exported with the first vortex tube of guarantee
Second eddy current pipe is voluntarily flowed under gravity；The position of second solution inlet port of backheat evaporator is less than second eddy current pipe
The position of second liquid outlet, steamed with ensureing that the weak solution of second eddy current pipe outlet can voluntarily flow into backheat under gravity
Send out device；The position of the dilute solution inlet of absorber is less than the position of the second taphole of backheat evaporator, to ensure that backheat is steamed
The weak solution for sending out device outlet can voluntarily inflow absorber under gravity.
Preferably, described heater, condenser, preheater and backheat evaporator are selected from shell-and-tube heat exchanger, falling film type
One kind in heat exchanger and plate type heat exchanger.
Preferably, the first described vortex tube is adverse current type vortex tube, and described second eddy current pipe is adverse current type vortex tube.
First expanding machine and the second expanding machine can use screw expander, scroll expander or turbo-expander, also may be used
To be the expanding machine of other forms.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, system contrasts conventional NH using organic mixture as cycle fluid3/H2O solution, the temperature of system drive thermal source
Degree can reduce by 20 DEG C or so, widen the application of absorption electricity generation system；
2nd, heater outlet solution is saturated liquid, and the endothermic process of solution is not related to phase transition process, and heat transfer coefficient is high, and
Operation control is relatively simple；
3rd, the absorption process of system is carried out under the conditions of intermediate pressure, and weak solution does not enter condenser, and the heat that it contains is complete
Portion is reclaimed, and is significantly reduced the thermic load of condenser and is improved the temperature of heater inlet solution, contrasts prior art
The thermal efficiency of system can improve about 5~15%；
4th, system is combined by vortex tube double expansion with circulating pump is balanced regulation to the operating pressure of absorption process,
Throttling arrangement is not provided with, reduces the irreversible loss of system.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium of the low-temperature heat source of the embodiment of the present invention 1 driving；
Reference：100th, heater；101st, the first import；101st, saturated solution exports；200th, the first vortex tube；201、
Second import；202nd, the first heat outlet；203rd, the first liquid outlet；204th, the first cold air outlet；300th, the first expanding machine；
301st, triple feed inlet；302nd, first outlet；400th, second eddy current pipe；401st, the 4th import；402nd, the second heat outlet；403rd,
Two liquid outlets；404th, the second cold air outlet；500th, the second expanding machine；501st, the 5th import；502nd, second outlet；600th, generate electricity
Machine；700th, condenser；701st, the 6th import；702nd, the 3rd outlet；800th, cryogenic fluid pump；801st, the 7th import；802nd, the 4th outlet；
900th, preheater；901st, the first cryogen liquid import；902nd, the first cryogen liquid exports；903rd, the first solution inlet port；904th, first is molten
Liquid exports；110th, absorber；111st, the second cryogen liquid import；112nd, refrigerant vapour import；113rd, dilute solution inlet；114th, second
Cryogen liquid exports；115th, concentrated solution exports；120th, backheat evaporator；121st, the 3rd cryogen liquid import；122nd, the second taphole；
123rd, the second solution inlet port；124th, refrigerant vapour exports；130th, the first solution pump；131st, the 8th import；132nd, the 5th outlet；
140th, adiabatic absorber is sprayed；141st, working fluid import；142nd, driving fluid import；143rd, fluid-mixing exports；150th,
Two solution pumps；151st, the 9th import；152nd, the 6th outlet.
Embodiment：
Following examples are to further explanation of the invention, rather than limitation of the present invention.
Except special instruction, experiment material and reagent in the present invention are the art routine commercial products.In Fig. 1
Arrow represents the flow direction of steam or liquid.
A kind of absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium of low-temperature heat source driving, comprises the following steps：
1) organic working medium is heated into after saturated solution and be passed through in the first vortex tube 200, expanded and drop through the first vortex tube 200
After pressure, lower boiling organic working medium vaporization, gas-fluid two-phase mixture is generated, isolates the first superheated steam, the first saturated vapor
And first solution；
2) the first superheated steam and the first saturated vapor flowed out from the first vortex tube 200 is mixed into the first expanding machine
Expansion work in 3；The first solution flowed out from the first vortex tube 200 enters second eddy current pipe 400 under gravity, warp
The expansion decompression of second eddy current pipe 400, lower boiling organic working medium further vaporizes, and generates gas-fluid two-phase mixture, isolates the
Two superheated steams, the second saturated vapor and the second solution, the second superheated steam flowed out from second eddy current pipe 400 and second
Saturated vapor is mixed into expansion work in the second expanding machine 5；
3) the second solution flowed out from second eddy current pipe 400 flows through the heat release of backheat evaporator 120 under gravity
Enter absorber 110 afterwards；First expanding machine 300 drives the generating being connected with it by shaft coupling with the acting of the second expanding machine 500
The operating of machine 600 generates electricity；The mixed vapour of the first superheated steam and the first saturated vapor in first expanding machine 300 is expanded to second
Enter absorber 110 after the inlet pressure of expanding machine 500 to be absorbed by the second solution from second eddy current pipe 400；Second expansion
The mixed vapour of the second superheated steam and the second saturated vapor in machine 500 enters condenser 700 after being expanded to condensing pressure, should
Mixed vapour is cooled to liquid by the cooling medium outside condenser；
4) the 3rd solution that liquid is cooled to by condenser 700 flows through preheating after cryogenic fluid pump 800 boosts to certain pressure
Device 900 absorbs partial heat, subsequently enters in absorber 110, and the 3rd solution is warm caused by absorption process in absorber 110
Flow into backheat evaporator 120 and be further heated after the saturated liquid that amount is heated under corresponding pressure, generate saturated vapor；Inhale
The 4th solution for absorbing end of a period in device 110 is received under the boosting of the first solution pump 130, preheater 900 is flowed through, in preheater
It is changed into entering injection adiabatic absorber 140 as working fluid after supercooled state solution after discharging partial heat in 900, is spraying
Expansion forms low pressure or vacuum in adiabatic absorber 140, and caused steam is inhaled into coupled backheat evaporator 120,
Working fluid is sufficiently mixed with saturation saturated vapor in injection adiabatic absorber 140, ultimately forms the solution of pressure placed in the middle, with
Enter heater 100 after being boosted by the second solution pump 150, form system circulation.
Embodiment 1
The absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium driven using low-temperature heat source as shown in Figure 1, including organic working medium is added
Heater 100, the first vortex tube 200, the first expanding machine 300, second eddy current pipe 400, the second expanding machine 500, the generator of heat
600th, condenser 700, cryogenic fluid pump 800, preheater 900, absorber 110, backheat evaporator 120, the first solution pump 130, injection
The solution pump 150 of adiabatic absorber 140 and second.The saturated solution outlet 102 of heater 100 and the second of the first vortex tube 200
Import 201 is connected, after the first heat outlet 202 of the first vortex tube 200 is in parallel with the first cold air outlet 204 with the first expanding machine
300 triple feed inlet 301 connects, the 4th import of the first liquid outlet 203 and second eddy current pipe 400 of the first vortex tube 200
401 are connected, after the second heat outlet 402 of second eddy current pipe 400 is in parallel with the second cold air outlet 404 with the second expanding machine 500
The 5th import 501 connect, the second liquid of second eddy current pipe 400 outlet 403 and the second solution inlet ports of backheat evaporator 120
123 are connected, and the second taphole 122 of backheat evaporator 120 is connected with the dilute solution inlet 113 of absorber 110, the first expansion
The first outlet 302 of machine 300 is connected with the refrigerant vapour import 112 of absorber 110, the second outlet 502 of the second expanding machine 500
It is connected with the 6th import 701 of condenser 700, the 3rd outlet 702 of condenser 700 and the phase of the 7th import 801 of cryogenic fluid pump 800
Even, the 4th outlet 802 of cryogenic fluid pump 800 is connected with the first cryogen liquid import 901 of preheater 900, and the first of preheater 900 is cold
The outlet of agent liquid 902 is connected with the second cryogen liquid import 111 of absorber 110, the second cryogen liquid of absorber 110 export 114 and
3rd cryogen liquid import 121 of backheat evaporator 120 is connected, and the refrigerant vapour outlet 124 and injection of backheat evaporator 120 are adiabatic
The driving fluid import 142 of absorber 140 is connected, the concentrated solution outlet 115 of absorber 110 and the 8th of the first solution pump 130 the
Import 131 is connected, the 5th outlet 132 and the first solution inlet port 903 of preheater 900, the preheater 900 of the first solution pump 130
The working fluid import 141 with spraying adiabatic absorber 140 of first taphole 904 be connected, spray adiabatic absorber 140
Fluid-mixing outlet 143 is connected with the 9th import 151 of the second solution pump 150, the 6th of the second solution pump 150 export 152 and
First import 101 of heater 100 is connected, and the first expanding machine 300 passes through shaft coupling and the second expanding machine 500 and generator 600
It is connected.
Connected mode between various parts connects for metallic conduit.The position of 4th import 401 of second eddy current pipe 400
Set low in the position of the first liquid outlet 203 of the first vortex tube 200, the position of the second solution inlet port 123 of backheat evaporator 120
The second liquid set low in second eddy current pipe 400 exports 403 position, and the position of the dilute solution inlet 113 of absorber 110 is less than
The position of second taphole 122 of backheat evaporator 120.The position of 4th import 401 of second eddy current pipe 400 is less than first
The position of first liquid outlet 203 of vortex tube 200, to ensure that the weak solution of the first vortex tube 200 outlet can be in Action of Gravity Field
Under voluntarily flow into second eddy current pipe 400；The position of second solution inlet port 123 of backheat evaporator 120 is less than second eddy current pipe 400
Second liquid outlet 403 position, with ensure second eddy current pipe 400 export weak solution can voluntarily flow under gravity
Enter backheat evaporator 120；The position of the dilute solution inlet 113 of absorber 110 is less than the second taphole of backheat evaporator 120
122 position, to ensure that weak solution that backheat evaporator 120 exports can voluntarily inflow absorber 110 under gravity.
The working fluid of system can be R1234yf, R1233zd (E), R1336mzz (Z), R1234ze (E) or
One or more in R1234ze (Z) are as a kind of work in refrigerant and high boiling point organic compound TrEGDME, TEGDME or NMP
For the mixture of absorbent composition.In actual selection working fluid, R1234yf, R1233zd (E), R1336mzz can be selected
(Z) a kind of, mixing conduct in the one or more and TrEGDME, TEGDME or NMP in R1234ze (E) or R1234ze (Z)
The working fluid of electricity generation system, those skilled in the art can according to be actually needed selection, in the present embodiment with R1233zd (E)/
TEGDME solution is working fluid, and wherein R1233zd (E) and TEGDME mass ratio is 0.3~0.7, contrasts prior art, this
The temperature of electricity generation system driving heat source can reduce by 20 DEG C or so in embodiment, and that has widened absorption electricity generation system applies model
Enclose, this implementation utilizes 90 DEG C or so of low-grade heat source, and the thermal efficiency of electricity generation system can improve about 5%~15%.
Using R1233zd (E)/TEGDME solution as cycle fluid, the absorption generating of organic working medium of low-temperature heat source driving
The operation principle of system is：
Basic (dense) solution of R1233zd (E)/TEGDME of supercooled state is added in heater 100 by outside low-grade heat source
Enter the first vortex tube 200 after heat to saturated solution, the expansion decompression through the first vortex tube 200, lower boiling organic working medium
R1233zd (E) is vaporized, and generates gas-fluid two-phase mixture, high speed rotational flow is passed through in the first vortex tube 200, was isolated
Hot gas, saturated gas and saturated solution, R1233zd (E) superheated steams flowed out from the first vortex tube 200 steam with saturation
Vapour is mixed into expansion work in the first expanding machine 300；R1233zd (the E)/TEGDME flowed out from the first vortex tube 200 is dilute
Solution enters second eddy current pipe 400, again expanded decompression, lower boiling organic working medium R1233zd (E) under gravity
Vaporization, gas-fluid two-phase mixture is generated, wherein by high speed rotational flow, isolate overheated gas, saturated gas and satisfy
And solution, the R1233zd flowed out from second eddy current pipe 400 (E) superheated steams are mixed into the second expanding machine with saturated vapor
Expansion work in 500；R1233zd (the E)/TEGDME weak solutions flowed out from second eddy current pipe 400 flow under gravity
Enter absorber 110 after the heat release of backheat evaporator 120；First expanding machine 300 and the acting drive of the second expanding machine 500 pass through connection
The operating of generator 600 that axle device is connected with the first expanding machine 300 and the second expanding machine 500 generates electricity；In first expanding machine 300
Enter absorber 110 after R1233zd (E) steam expansions to the inlet pressure of the second expanding machine 500, by from second eddy current pipe
400 R1233zd (E)/TEGDME weak solutions absorb；R1233zd (E) steam expansions in second expanding machine 500 are to condensing pressure
Enter condenser 700 after power, liquid is cooled to by the outside cooling medium of condenser in condenser 700；R1233zd (E) is cold
Agent liquid flows through preheater 900 after cryogenic fluid pump 800 boosts to certain pressure and absorbs partial heat, subsequently enters in absorber 110,
Flowed into after saturated liquid under heat to the corresponding pressure wherein caused by absorption process in backheat evaporator 120,
It is further heated in backheat evaporator 120, generates R1233zd (E) saturated vapor；Absorb what is ended in absorber 110
R1233zd (E)/TEGDME solution flows through preheater 900 under the boosting of the first solution pump 130, in preheater 900
Reverse flow is changed into entering injection adiabatic absorber 140 as working fluid after supercooled state solution after discharging partial heat,
Wherein rapid expand forms low pressure or vacuum, caused R1233zd (E) refrigerant vapour in coupled backheat evaporator 120
It is inhaled into, weak solution and refrigerant vapour are sufficiently mixed in injection adiabatic absorber 140 and along with momentum and energy exchange, most
End form enters heater after into R1233zd (E)/basic solution of TEGDME of pressure placed in the middle after the boosting of the second solution pump 150
100, form system circulation.
The absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium and its system of low-temperature heat source provided by the invention driving are carried out above
Detailed introduction, the explanation of above example are only intended to help and understand technical scheme and its core concept, should
Point out, to those of ordinary skill in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, the present invention can also be entered
Some improvement of row and modification, these are improved and modification is also fallen into the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium of low-temperature heat source driving, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) organic working medium is heated into after saturated solution and be passed through in the first vortex tube (200), expanded and drop through the first vortex tube (200)
After pressure, lower boiling organic working medium vaporization, gas-fluid two-phase mixture is generated, isolates the first superheated steam, the first saturated vapor
And first solution；
2) the first superheated steam of outflow and the first saturated vapor are mixed into the first expanding machine from the first vortex tube (200)
(300) expansion work in；The first solution of outflow enters second eddy current pipe under gravity from the first vortex tube (200)
(400), expand and be depressured through second eddy current pipe (400), lower boiling organic working medium further vaporizes, generation gas-liquid two-phase mixing
Thing, the second superheated steam, the second saturated vapor and the second solution are isolated, the second of outflow from second eddy current pipe (400)
Superheated steam and the second saturated vapor are mixed into expansion work in the second expanding machine (500)；
3) the second solution of outflow flows through backheat evaporator (120) heat release under gravity from second eddy current pipe (400)
Enter absorber (110) afterwards；First expanding machine (300) drives with the second expanding machine (500) acting to be connected with it by shaft coupling
Generator (600) operating generate electricity；The mixed vapour of the first superheated steam and the first saturated vapor in first expanding machine (300)
It is expanded to after the inlet pressure of the second expanding machine (500) that to enter absorber (110) molten by second from second eddy current pipe (400)
Liquid absorbs；The mixed vapour of the second superheated steam and the second saturated vapor in second expanding machine (500) is expanded to condensing pressure
Enter condenser (700) afterwards, the mixed vapour is cooled to liquid by the cooling medium outside condenser；
4) the 3rd solution that liquid is cooled to by condenser (700) flows through preheating after cryogenic fluid pump (800) boosts to certain pressure
Device (900) absorbs partial heat, subsequently enters in absorber (110), the 3rd solution is by absorption process in absorber (110)
Flow into backheat evaporator (120) and be further heated after saturated liquid under caused heat to corresponding pressure, generate
Saturated vapor；The 4th solution ended is absorbed in absorber (110) under the boosting of the first solution pump (130), is flowed through pre-
Hot device (900), it is changed into entering injection as working fluid after supercooled state solution after partial heat is discharged in preheater (900)
Adiabatic absorber (140), expanded in injection adiabatic absorber (140) and form low pressure or vacuum, the evaporation of coupled backheat
Caused steam is inhaled into device (120), and working fluid fully mixes with saturation saturated vapor in injection adiabatic absorber (140)
Close, ultimately form the solution of pressure placed in the middle, enter heater (100) after the second solution pump (150) boosting after, form system
Circulation.
2. the absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium of low-temperature heat source driving according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step
(1) organic working medium described in includes the low-boiling-point organic compound as refrigerant and the high boiling point organic compound as absorbent, institute
The low-boiling-point organic compound stated is selected from 2,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropenes, anti-form-1-chloro- 3,3,3- trifluoro propenes, cis-1,1,1,4,4,
4- hexafluoro -2- butylene, anti-form-1,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropenes and cis -1, the one or more in 3,3,3- tetrafluoropropenes are described
One kind in TRIGLYME, tetraethyleneglycol dimethyl ether and 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE of high boiling point organic compound.
3. a kind of absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium of low-temperature heat source driving, it is characterised in that including organic working medium is heated
For the heater (100) of saturated solution, the first vortex tube (200), the first expanding machine (300), second eddy current pipe (400), second
Expanding machine (500), generator (600), condenser (700), cryogenic fluid pump (800), preheater (900), absorber (110), backheat
Evaporator (120), the first solution pump (130), injection adiabatic absorber (140) and the second solution pump (150), described heater
(100) saturated solution outlet (102) is connected with the second import (201) of the first vortex tube (200), the first described vortex tube
The first heat outlet (202) it is in parallel with the first cold air outlet (204) after be connected to the triple feed inlets of the first expanding machine (300)
(301), the 4th import of the first liquid outlet (203) of described the first vortex tube (200) and second eddy current pipe (400)
(401) it is connected, connects after the second heat outlet (402) of described second eddy current pipe (400) is in parallel with the second cold air outlet (404)
The 5th import (501) of the second expanding machine (500) is connected to, the second liquid outlet (403) of described second eddy current pipe (400) is logical
Cross after backheat evaporator (120) and be connected to the dilute solution inlet (113) of absorber (110), described the first expanding machine (300)
First outlet (302) is connected with the refrigerant vapour import (112) of absorber (110), and the second of described the second expanding machine (500)
Outlet (502) passes sequentially through condenser (700), cryogenic fluid pump (800), preheater (900), absorber (110), backheat evaporator
(120) the driving fluid import (142) of injection adiabatic absorber (140) is connected to after；The concentrated solution of described absorber (110)
Outlet (115) is connected to the work for spraying adiabatic absorber (140) after passing sequentially through the first solution pump (130), preheater (900)
Fluid inlet (131), the fluid-mixing outlet (143) of described injection adiabatic absorber (140) pass through the second solution pump (150)
The first import (101) of heater (100) is connected to afterwards, and described the first expanding machine (300) and the second expanding machine (500) pass through
Shaft coupling is connected with generator (600).
4. the absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium of low-temperature heat source driving according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described
Organic working medium include the low-boiling-point organic compound as refrigerant and the high boiling point organic compound as absorbent, described low boiling
Organic matter is selected from 2,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropenes, anti-form-1-chloro- 3,3,3- trifluoro propenes, cis-1,1,1,4,4,4- hexafluoros-2-
Butylene, anti-form-1,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropenes and cis -1, the one or more in 3,3,3- tetrafluoropropenes, described higher boiling
The one kind of organic matter in TRIGLYME, tetraethyleneglycol dimethyl ether and 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE.
5. the absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium of low-temperature heat source driving according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described
Second eddy current pipe (400) the 4th import (401) position be less than the first vortex tube (200) the first liquid outlet (203)
Position, the of the position of the second solution inlet port (123) of described backheat evaporator (120) less than second eddy current pipe (400)
The position of two liquid outlets (403), the position of the dilute solution inlet (113) of the absorber (110) are less than backheat evaporator
(120) position of the second taphole (122).
6. the absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium of the low-temperature heat source driving according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：
Described heater (100), condenser (700), preheater (900) and backheat evaporator (120) is selected from shell-and-tube heat exchanger, drop
One kind in membrane heat exchanger and plate type heat exchanger.
7. the absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium of the low-temperature heat source driving according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：
Described the first vortex tube (200) is adverse current type vortex tube, and described second eddy current pipe (400) is adverse current type vortex tube.
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| CN111306830A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-06-19 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Jet organic Rankine flash evaporation combined cooling and power system |
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