CN106907204A - The absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium and its system that a kind of low-temperature heat source drives - Google Patents
The absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium and its system that a kind of low-temperature heat source drives Download PDFInfo
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- CN106907204A CN106907204A CN201710291111.6A CN201710291111A CN106907204A CN 106907204 A CN106907204 A CN 106907204A CN 201710291111 A CN201710291111 A CN 201710291111A CN 106907204 A CN106907204 A CN 106907204A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
Abstract
The absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium and its system driven the invention discloses a kind of low-temperature heat source, comprise the following steps：1) organic working medium is heated to be into saturated solution to be passed through in the first vortex tube, after being depressured through the first vortex tube swelling, generation gas-fluid two-phase mixture, 2) first superheated steam and the first saturated vapor of outflow are mixed into expansion work in the first expanding machine from the first vortex tube；3) the second solution flowed out from second eddy current pipe enters absorber after flowing through backheat evaporator heat release under gravity；First expanding machine drives with the acting of the second expanding machine and passes through the generator operation generating that shaft coupling is connected with it.The saturation concentrated solution of high pressure is carried out two-stage separation by the present invention, produce refrigerant vapour to be generated electricity for expansion work, while being adjusted to the pressure of Systemic absorption process using circulating pump, reduce the thermic load of condenser, so as to improve the thermal efficiency of electricity generation system, with Technical Economy higher.
Description
Technical field：
Technical field is utilized the invention belongs to low grade heat energy, and in particular to the organic working medium that a kind of low-temperature heat source drives is inhaled
Receipts formula electricity-generating method and its system.
Background technology：
Absorption generation technology is a kind of effective ways of utilization low grade heat energy.Current absorption electricity generation system is adopted mostly
Use NH3/H2O solution is working medium, and such as (1989 by A. kalinas (Alexander for kalina (Kalina) circulatory system
Kalina a kind of thermodynamic cycle with the non-azeotrope mixed liquor of water and ammonia as working medium for) proposing), in waste heat boiler type combustion gas-steaming
In vapour combined cycle, the rankine cycle with water as working medium is replaced with it, the single-machine capacity and power supply that can improve combined cycle are imitated
Rate.But, the shortcoming of kalina (Kalina) circulatory system is quite obvious：NH3It is poisonous, easily human body is damaged；System is transported
Row pressure is big, causes system equipment huge, and NH3Easily leakage, the NH in a denier air3When content is between 15~28%vol, meet
Naked light can then explode, and be unfavorable for safe operation；NH3/H2Requirement of the absorption electricity generation systems of O to driving heat source temperature is of a relatively high,
It is unfavorable for the exploitation of low-grade energy.Additionally, existing absorption electricity generation system is generally adopted in low pressure (condensing pressure) side
It is weary expanding machine to be absorbed with refrigerant barren solution (hereinafter referred to as " weak solution ", corresponding refrigerant mother solution is referred to as " concentrated solution ")
Gas, such as patent of invention ZL200910193870.4, the cooled medium belt of heat of sensible heat and the absorption process generation of weak solution
Walk, cause certain energy dissipation, so that system thermal efficiency is not high, and the absorption system of routine must match somebody with somebody to balance pressure
Throttling arrangement is put, which increases the irreversible loss of electricity generation system.On the other hand, the generation of conventional absorption electricity generation system
Device outlet is gas-liquid two-phase fluidised form, and operation control is complex.
Therefore, prior art has much room for improvement and develops.
The content of the invention：
The absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium and its system driven it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of low-temperature heat source,
It is directed to different application places, and the operating pressure of its solution circulation flow amount and absorption process can be according to heat source temperature and molten
Liquid concentration is adjusted, and using organic working medium mixture as cycle fluid, electricity generation system can be transported at a lower temperature
Row (>=70 DEG C), and with thermal performance higher.
First purpose of the invention is to provide the absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium that a kind of low-temperature heat source drives, including
Following steps：
1) organic working medium is heated into after saturated solution and is passed through in the first vortex tube, after being depressured through the first vortex tube swelling,
The vaporization of lower boiling organic working medium, generates gas-fluid two-phase mixture, isolates the first superheated steam, the first saturated vapor and the
One solution；
2) the first superheated steam and the first saturated vapor flowed out from the first vortex tube are mixed into the first expanding machine
Expansion work；The first solution flowed out from the first vortex tube enters second eddy current pipe under gravity, through second eddy current
Tube swelling is depressured, and lower boiling organic working medium further vaporizes, and generates gas-fluid two-phase mixture, isolate the second superheated steam,
Second saturated vapor and the second solution, the second superheated steam flowed out from second eddy current pipe are mixed into the second saturated vapor
Enter expansion work in the second expanding machine；
3) the second solution flowed out from second eddy current pipe enters after flowing through backheat evaporator heat release under gravity
Absorber；First expanding machine drives with the acting of the second expanding machine and passes through the generator operation generating that shaft coupling is connected with it；First
The first superheated steam in expanding machine is laggard with the inlet pressure that the mixed vapour of the first saturated vapor is expanded to the second expanding machine
Enter absorber to be absorbed by the second solution from second eddy current pipe；The second superheated steam and the second saturation in second expanding machine steam
The mixed vapour of vapour enters condenser after being expanded to condensing pressure, and the mixed vapour is cooled to by the cooling medium outside condenser
Liquid；
4) it is cooled to after the 3rd solution of liquid boosts to certain pressure through cryogenic fluid pump by condenser and flows through preheater absorption
Partial heat, is subsequently entered in absorber, and the heat that the 3rd solution is produced by absorption process in absorber to correspondence is pressed
Flowed into after saturation liquid under power and be further heated in backheat evaporator, generate saturated vapor；Absorb what is ended in absorber
4th solution flows through preheater under the boosting of the first solution pump, is changed into after discharging partial heat in preheater
Enter injection adiabatic absorber as working fluid after cold conditions solution, expansion forms low pressure or true in adiabatic absorber is sprayed
Sky, the steam produced in coupled backheat evaporator is inhaled into, and working fluid is with saturated vapor in injection adiabatic absorber
Inside it is sufficiently mixed, ultimately forms the solution of pressure placed in the middle, heater is entered after being boosted through the second solution pump after, formation system is followed
Ring.
In the absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium that low-temperature heat source proposed by the present invention drives, heater outlet saturated solution
Separation process point two-stage of steaming carry out, the first order separates process of steaming and is carried out in the first vortex tube, and the second level separates and steams
Process is carried out in second eddy current pipe.Vortex tube uses adverse current type vortex tube, and using its Energy separation performance, the saturation of high pressure is dense
Solution is depressured from after vortex tube import entrance by expanding, some refrigerant vaporization, produces gas-fluid two-phase mixture, wherein
High speed rotational flow, isolates saturation weak solution, overheat refrigerant vapour and saturation refrigerant vapour, and weak solution is by vortex bottom of the tube
Liquid outlet flows out, and overheat refrigerant vapour flows out from the heat outlet of vortex tube and cold air outlet respectively with saturation refrigerant vapour.
Absorption process point two-stage under the conditions of intermediate pressure is carried out, and first order absorption process is carried out in absorber, and second
Level absorption process is carried out in injection adiabatic absorber.Absorber can be inhaled using horizontal tube falling film formula absorber, vertical tube falling formula
Device or bubbling absorber are received, the cryogen liquid come by preheater walks the heat that tube side is produced into absorber by absorption process
To saturation liquid.Injection adiabatic absorber uses biphase gas and liquid flow injector, and high pressure supercooled state weak solution is entered as working fluid
Enter injector, rapid expansion wherein forms low pressure or vacuum, is produced in the backheat evaporator being connected with its driving fluid import
Low pressure refrigerant vapour be inhaled into, weak solution and refrigerant vapour are sufficiently mixed in injector and are handed over along with momentum and energy
Change, the concentrated solution for ultimately forming pressure placed in the middle exports outflow from fluid-mixing；Whole absorption process injector and extraneous empty calory
Exchange.Additionally, the ejector action produced in injection adiabatic absorber additionally aids the cryogen liquid heat absorption promoted in backheat evaporator
Vaporization.
The present invention substitutes flash vessel using vortex tube, using the Energy separation performance of vortex tube, by the organic working medium of high pressure
Saturation concentrated solution carries out two-stage separation, and the refrigerant vapour of generation generates electricity for expansion work, while with circulating pump to absorption process
Pressure be adjusted, point two-stage absorbs under the conditions of intermediate pressure, realizes that weak solution sensible heat is reclaimed with the maximization for absorbing heat,
The thermic load of condenser is reduced, so that the thermal efficiency of electricity generation system is improved, with Technical Economy higher.
Vortex tube is energy separation device, and it is made up of nozzle, minor air cell, separation orifice and cold and hot two end pipe.Work
When compressed gas expanded in nozzle, then with speed very high tangentially enter vortex tube.Air-flow is high in vortex tube
During speed rotation, the unequal two parts air-flow of stagnation temperature is separated into after being vortexed conversion, the gas flow temperature in centre is low,
And the gas flow temperature that is in outer layer position is high, hot and cold stream ratio is adjusted, optimal separating effect can be obtained.
Organic working medium described in step (1) includes the low-boiling-point organic compound as refrigerant and the height boiling as absorbent
Point organic matter, described low-boiling-point organic compound be selected from R1234yf (2,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropene), R1233zd (E) (anti-form-1-
Chloro- 3,3,3- trifluoro propenes), R1336mzz (Z) (cis -1,1,1,4,4,4- hexafluoros -2- butylene), R1234ze (E) (it is trans -
1,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropene) and R1234ze (Z) (cis -1,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropenes) in one or more, described height boiling
Point organic matter is selected from TrEGDME (TRIGLYME), TEGDME (tetraethyleneglycol dimethyl ether) and NMP (N- crassitudes
Ketone) in one kind.
In the present invention, low-boiling-point organic compound uses security preferable environmental-protection organic matter R1234yf, R1233zd
(E), one or more in R1336mzz (Z), R1234ze (E) and R1234ze (Z), high boiling point organic compound using TrEGDME,
One kind in TEGDME and NMP.Above-mentioned low-boiling-point organic compound is larger with the boiling-point difference of high boiling point organic compound, the first vortex tube and
The superheated steam of two vortex tubes outlet is mainly refrigerant vapour with saturated vapor.
It is another object of the present invention to propose the absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium that a kind of low-temperature heat source drives, including will
Organic working medium is heated to be the heater of saturated solution, the first vortex tube, the first expanding machine, second eddy current pipe, the second expanding machine, hair
Motor, condenser, cryogenic fluid pump, preheater, absorber, backheat evaporator, the first solution pump, injection adiabatic absorber and second are molten
Liquid pump, the saturated solution outlet of described heater is connected with the second import of the first vortex tube, described the first vortex tube
It is connected to the triple feed inlet of the first expanding machine after first heat outlet is in parallel with the first cold air outlet, described the first vortex tube
First liquid outlet is connected with the 4th import of second eddy current pipe, and the second heat outlet of described second eddy current pipe is cold with second
The 5th import of the second expanding machine is connected to after gas outlet parallel connection, the second liquid outlet of described second eddy current pipe passes through backheat
It is connected to the dilute solution inlet of absorber after evaporator, the first outlet of described the first expanding machine and the refrigerant vapour of absorber
Import is connected, and the second outlet of the second described expanding machine passes sequentially through condenser, cryogenic fluid pump, preheater, absorber, backheat and steams
The driving fluid import of injection adiabatic absorber is connected to after hair device；The concentrated solution outlet of described absorber passes sequentially through first
The working fluid import of injection adiabatic absorber, the described mixing for spraying adiabatic absorber are connected to after solution pump, preheater
Fluid issuing is logical by being connected to the first import of heater, the first described expanding machine and the second expanding machine after the second solution pump
Shaft coupling is crossed to be connected with generator.
In the present invention, absorber can be inhaled using horizontal tube falling film formula absorber, vertical tube falling formula absorber or bubble type
Device is received, the cryogen liquid come by preheater walks heat that tube side produces into absorber by absorption process to saturation liquid.Spray
Adiabatic absorber is penetrated using biphase gas and liquid flow injector, high pressure supercooled state weak solution enters injector as working fluid, at it
In rapid expansion form low pressure or vacuum, the low pressure refrigerant vapour of generation in the backheat evaporator being connected with its driving fluid import
It is inhaled into, weak solution is sufficiently mixed and along with momentum and energy exchange with refrigerant vapour in injector, ultimately forms placed in the middle
The concentrated solution of pressure is exported from fluid-mixing and flowed out；Whole absorption process injector is exchanged with extraneous empty calory.Additionally, injection is exhausted
The ejector action produced in heat absorber additionally aids the cryogen liquid heat absorption vaporization promoted in backheat evaporator.
In the present invention, cryogenic fluid pump, the first solution pump and the second solution pump can use canned motor pump, it would however also be possible to employ magnetic force
Pump.Generator can use synchronous generator, it would however also be possible to employ asynchronous generator.Connected mode between various parts is gold
Metal conduit is connected.
Preferably, described organic working medium includes the low-boiling-point organic compound as refrigerant and the higher boiling as absorbent
Organic matter, described low-boiling-point organic compound be selected from R1234yf, R1233zd (E), R1336mzz (Z), R1234ze (E) and
One or more in R1234ze (Z), described high boiling point organic compound is selected from the one kind in TrEGDME, TEGDME and NMP, its
Middle low-boiling-point organic compound is about 0.3~0.7 with the mass ratio of high boiling point organic compound.
Preferably, the position of the 4th import of described second eddy current pipe exports less than the first liquid of the first vortex tube
Position, the position of the second solution inlet port of described backheat evaporator less than the position that the second liquid of second eddy current pipe is exported,
Position of the position of the dilute solution inlet of the absorber less than the second taphole of backheat evaporator.The of second eddy current pipe
The position of four imports is less than the position that the first liquid of the first vortex tube is exported, to ensure the weak solution energy that the first vortex tube is exported
Second eddy current pipe is voluntarily flowed under gravity；The position of the second solution inlet port of backheat evaporator is less than second eddy current pipe
The position of second liquid outlet, to ensure that the weak solution that second eddy current pipe is exported can voluntarily flow into backheat steaming under gravity
Hair device；The position of the dilute solution inlet of absorber is less than the position of the second taphole of backheat evaporator, to ensure that backheat is steamed
The weak solution of hair device outlet can voluntarily inflow absorber under gravity.
Preferably, described heater, condenser, preheater and backheat evaporator are selected from shell-and-tube heat exchanger, falling film type
One kind in heat exchanger and plate type heat exchanger.
Preferably, the first described vortex tube is adverse current type vortex tube, and described second eddy current pipe is adverse current type vortex tube.
First expanding machine and the second expanding machine can use screw expander, scroll expander or turbo-expander, also may be used
Being the expanding machine of other forms.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, system contrasts conventional NH using organic mixture as cycle fluid3/H2O solution, the temperature of system drive thermal source
Degree can reduce by 20 DEG C or so, widen the range of application of absorption electricity generation system；
2nd, heater outlet solution is saturation liquid, and the endothermic process of solution is not related to phase transition process, and heat transfer coefficient is high, and
Operation control is relatively simple；
3rd, the absorption process of system is carried out under the conditions of intermediate pressure, and weak solution does not enter condenser, and the heat that it contains is complete
Portion is reclaimed, and is significantly reduced the thermic load of condenser and is improved the temperature of heater inlet solution, contrasts prior art
The thermal efficiency of system can improve about 5~15%；
4th, system is combined with circulating pump by vortex tube double expansion and is balanced regulation to the operating pressure of absorption process,
Throttling arrangement is not provided with, the irreversible loss of system is reduced.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium that the low-temperature heat source of the embodiment of the present invention 1 drives；
Reference：100th, heater；101st, the first import；101st, saturated solution outlet；200th, the first vortex tube；201、
Second import；202nd, the first heat outlet；203rd, first liquid outlet；204th, the first cold air outlet；300th, the first expanding machine；
301st, triple feed inlet；302nd, first outlet；400th, second eddy current pipe；401st, the 4th import；402nd, the second heat outlet；403rd,
Two liquid outlets；404th, the second cold air outlet；500th, the second expanding machine；501st, the 5th import；502nd, second outlet；600th, generate electricity
Machine；700th, condenser；701st, the 6th import；702nd, the 3rd outlet；800th, cryogenic fluid pump；801st, the 7th import；802nd, the 4th outlet；
900th, preheater；901st, the first cryogen liquid import；902nd, the first cryogen liquid outlet；903rd, the first solution inlet port；904th, first is molten
Liquid is exported；110th, absorber；111st, the second cryogen liquid import；112nd, refrigerant vapour import；113rd, dilute solution inlet；114th, second
Cryogen liquid is exported；115th, concentrated solution outlet；120th, backheat evaporator；121st, the 3rd cryogen liquid import；122nd, the second taphole；
123rd, the second solution inlet port；124th, refrigerant vapour outlet；130th, the first solution pump；131st, the 8th import；132nd, the 5th outlet；
140th, adiabatic absorber is sprayed；141st, working fluid import；142nd, driving fluid import；143rd, fluid-mixing outlet；150th,
Two solution pumps；151st, the 9th import；152nd, the 6th outlet.
Specific embodiment：
Following examples are further illustrated to of the invention, rather than limitation of the present invention.
Except special instruction, experiment material and reagent in the present invention are the art routine commercial products.In Fig. 1
Arrow represents the flow direction of steam or liquid.
The absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium that a kind of low-temperature heat source drives, comprises the following steps：
1) organic working medium is heated into after saturated solution and is passed through in the first vortex tube 200, expanded through the first vortex tube 200 and dropped
After pressure, lower boiling organic working medium vaporization generates gas-fluid two-phase mixture, isolates the first superheated steam, the first saturated vapor
And first solution；
2) the first superheated steam and the first saturated vapor flowed out from the first vortex tube 200 are mixed into the first expanding machine
Expansion work in 3；The first solution flowed out from the first vortex tube 200 enters second eddy current pipe 400, warp under gravity
The expansion step-down of second eddy current pipe 400, lower boiling organic working medium further vaporizes, and generates gas-fluid two-phase mixture, isolates the
Two superheated steams, the second saturated vapor and the second solution, the second superheated steam and second flowed out from second eddy current pipe 400
Saturated vapor is mixed into expansion work in the second expanding machine 5；
3) the second solution flowed out from second eddy current pipe 400 flows through the heat release of backheat evaporator 120 under gravity
Enter absorber 110 afterwards；First expanding machine 300 drives with the acting of the second expanding machine 500 and passes through the generating that shaft coupling is connected with it
The operating of machine 600 generates electricity；The mixed vapour of the first superheated steam and the first saturated vapor in the first expanding machine 300 is expanded to second
Enter absorber 110 after the inlet pressure of expanding machine 500 to be absorbed by the second solution from second eddy current pipe 400；Second expansion
The mixed vapour of the second superheated steam and the second saturated vapor in machine 500 enters condenser 700 after being expanded to condensing pressure, should
Mixed vapour is cooled to liquid by the cooling medium outside condenser；
4) it is cooled to after the 3rd solution of liquid boosts to certain pressure through cryogenic fluid pump 800 by condenser 700 and flows through preheating
Device 900 absorbs partial heat, in subsequently entering absorber 110, the heat that the 3rd solution is produced by absorption process in absorber 110
Flowed into after the saturation liquid that amount is heated under corresponding pressure and be further heated in backheat evaporator 120, generate saturated vapor；Inhale
The 4th solution of end of a period is absorbed under the boosting of the first solution pump 130 in receipts device 110, preheater 900 is flowed through, in preheater
Being discharged in 900 and enter injection adiabatic absorber 140 as working fluid after be changed into after partial heat supercooled state solution, in injection
Expansion forms low pressure or vacuum in adiabatic absorber 140, and the steam produced in coupled backheat evaporator 120 is inhaled into,
Working fluid is sufficiently mixed with saturation saturated vapor in injection adiabatic absorber 140, ultimately forms the solution of pressure placed in the middle, with
Enter heater 100 after being boosted by the second solution pump 150, form system circulation.
Embodiment 1
The absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium driven using low-temperature heat source as shown in Figure 1, including organic working medium is added
Heater 100, the first vortex tube 200, the first expanding machine 300, second eddy current pipe 400, second expanding machine 500, generator of heat
600th, condenser 700, cryogenic fluid pump 800, preheater 900, absorber 110, backheat evaporator 120, the first solution pump 130, injection
The solution pump 150 of adiabatic absorber 140 and second.The saturated solution outlet 102 of heater 100 and the second of the first vortex tube 200
Import 201 is connected, with the first expanding machine after the first heat outlet 202 of the first vortex tube 200 is in parallel with the first cold air outlet 204
300 triple feed inlet 301 is connected, the first liquid outlet 203 and the 4th import of second eddy current pipe 400 of the first vortex tube 200
401 are connected, with the second expanding machine 500 after the second heat outlet 402 of second eddy current pipe 400 is in parallel with the second cold air outlet 404
The 5th import 501 connect, the second solution inlet port of the second liquid of second eddy current pipe 400 outlet 403 and backheat evaporator 120
123 are connected, and the second taphole 122 of backheat evaporator 120 is connected with the dilute solution inlet 113 of absorber 110, the first expansion
The first outlet 302 of machine 300 is connected with the refrigerant vapour import 112 of absorber 110, the second outlet 502 of the second expanding machine 500
It is connected with the 6th import 701 of condenser 700, the 3rd of condenser 700 the exports the phase of the 7th import 801 of 702 and cryogenic fluid pump 800
Even, the 4th outlet 802 of cryogenic fluid pump 800 is connected with the first cryogen liquid import 901 of preheater 900, and the first of preheater 900 is cold
The outlet of agent liquid 902 is connected with the second cryogen liquid import 111 of absorber 110, the second cryogen liquid of absorber 110 export 114 and
3rd cryogen liquid import 121 of backheat evaporator 120 is connected, and the refrigerant vapour outlet 124 of backheat evaporator 120 is adiabatic with injection
The driving fluid import 142 of absorber 140 is connected, the concentrated solution outlet 115 of absorber 110 and the 8th of the first solution pump 130 the
Import 131 is connected, and the 5th of the first solution pump 130 the exports the first solution inlet port 903 of 132 and preheater 900, preheater 900
First taphole 904 be connected with the working fluid import 141 of injection adiabatic absorber 140, spray adiabatic absorber 140
Fluid-mixing outlet 143 is connected with the 9th import 151 of the second solution pump 150, the 6th of the second solution pump 150 export 152 and
First import 101 of heater 100 is connected, and the first expanding machine 300 passes through shaft coupling and the second expanding machine 500 and generator 600
It is connected.
Connected mode between various parts is metallic conduit connection.The position of the 4th import 401 of second eddy current pipe 400
The first liquid set low in the first vortex tube 200 exports 203 position, the position of the second solution inlet port 123 of backheat evaporator 120
The second liquid set low in second eddy current pipe 400 exports 403 position, and the position of the dilute solution inlet 113 of absorber 110 is less than
The position of the second taphole 122 of backheat evaporator 120.The position of the 4th import 401 of second eddy current pipe 400 is less than first
The position of the first liquid outlet 203 of vortex tube 200, to ensure that the weak solution that the first vortex tube 200 is exported can be in Action of Gravity Field
Under voluntarily flow into second eddy current pipe 400；The position of the second solution inlet port 123 of backheat evaporator 120 is less than second eddy current pipe 400
Second liquid outlet 403 position, with ensure second eddy current pipe 400 export weak solution can voluntarily flow under gravity
Enter backheat evaporator 120；Second taphole of the position of the dilute solution inlet 113 of absorber 110 less than backheat evaporator 120
122 position, to ensure that weak solution that backheat evaporator 120 exports can voluntarily inflow absorber 110 under gravity.
The working fluid of system can for R1234yf, R1233zd (E), R1336mzz (Z), R1234ze (E) or
One or more in R1234ze (Z) are used as a kind of work in refrigerant and high boiling point organic compound TrEGDME, TEGDME or NMP
It is the mixture of absorbent composition.In actual selection working fluid, R1234yf, R1233zd (E), R1336mzz can be selected
(Z) a kind of, the mixing conduct in one or more in R1234ze (E) or R1234ze (Z) and TrEGDME, TEGDME or NMP
The working fluid of electricity generation system, those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, in the present embodiment with R1233zd (E)/
TEGDME solution is working fluid, and the mass ratio of wherein R1233zd (E) and TEGDME is 0.3~0.7, contrasts prior art, this
The temperature of electricity generation system driving heat source can reduce by 20 DEG C or so in embodiment, widen the application model of absorption electricity generation system
Enclose, the low-grade heat source of 90 DEG C or so of this implementation utilization, the thermal efficiency of electricity generation system can improve about 5%~15%.
Using the absorption generating of organic working medium that R1233zd (E)/TEGDME solution drives as cycle fluid, low-temperature heat source
The operation principle of system is：
Basic (dense) solution of R1233zd (the E)/TEGDME of supercooled state is added in heater 100 by outside low-grade heat source
Enter the first vortex tube 200 after heat to saturated solution, be depressured through the expansion of the first vortex tube 200, lower boiling organic working medium
R1233zd (E) is vaporized, and generates gas-fluid two-phase mixture, by high speed rotational flow in the first vortex tube 200, is isolated
Hot gas, saturated gas and saturated solution, R1233zd (E) superheated steams flowed out from the first vortex tube 200 steam with saturation
Vapour is mixed into expansion work in the first expanding machine 300；R1233zd (the E)/TEGDME flowed out from the first vortex tube 200 is dilute
Solution enters second eddy current pipe 400, expanded step-down again, lower boiling organic working medium R1233zd (E) under gravity
Vaporization, generates gas-fluid two-phase mixture, wherein by high speed rotational flow, isolates overheated gas, saturated gas and satisfies
And solution, R1233zd (E) superheated steams of outflow are mixed into the second expanding machine with saturated vapor from second eddy current pipe 400
Expansion work in 500；R1233zd (the E)/TEGDME weak solutions flowed out from second eddy current pipe 400 flow under gravity
Enter absorber 110 after the heat release of backheat evaporator 120；First expanding machine 300 and the acting of the second expanding machine 500 are driven by connection
The operating of generator 600 that axle device is connected with the first expanding machine 300 and the second expanding machine 500 generates electricity；In first expanding machine 300
Enter absorber 110 after R1233zd (E) steam expansions to the inlet pressure of the second expanding machine 500, by from second eddy current pipe
400 R1233zd (E)/TEGDME weak solutions absorb；R1233zd (E) steam expansions in second expanding machine 500 are to condensing pressure
Enter condenser 700 after power, liquid is cooled to by the outside cooling medium of condenser in condenser 700；R1233zd (E) is cold
Agent liquid flows through preheater 900 and absorbs partial heat after boosting to certain pressure through cryogenic fluid pump 800, in subsequently entering absorber 110,
Flowed into backheat evaporator 120 after saturation liquid under heat to the corresponding pressure for being produced by absorption process wherein,
It is further heated in backheat evaporator 120, generates R1233zd (E) saturated vapor；Absorb what is ended in absorber 110
R1233zd (E)/TEGDME solution flows through preheater 900 under the boosting of the first solution pump 130, in preheater 900
Reverse flow being discharged after be changed into after partial heat supercooled state solution and entering injection adiabatic absorber 140 as working fluid,
Wherein rapid expansion forms low pressure or vacuum, R1233zd (E) refrigerant vapour produced in coupled backheat evaporator 120
It is inhaled into, weak solution and refrigerant vapour are sufficiently mixed and along with momentum and energy exchange in injection adiabatic absorber 140, most
End form enters heater into R1233zd (the E)/basic solution of TEGDME of pressure placed in the middle after being boosted through the second solution pump 150 after
100, form system circulation.
The absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium and its system for being driven to the low-temperature heat source that the present invention is provided above are carried out
Detailed introduction, the explanation of above example is only intended to help and understands technical scheme and its core concept, should
Point out, to those of ordinary skill in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, the present invention can also be entered
The some improvement of row and modification, these are improved and modification is also fallen into the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium that a kind of low-temperature heat source drives, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) organic working medium is heated into after saturated solution and is passed through in the first vortex tube (200), expanded through the first vortex tube (200) and dropped
After pressure, lower boiling organic working medium vaporization generates gas-fluid two-phase mixture, isolates the first superheated steam, the first saturated vapor
And first solution；
2) first superheated steam and the first saturated vapor of outflow are mixed into the first expanding machine from the first vortex tube (200)
(300) expansion work in；The first solution of outflow enters second eddy current pipe under gravity from the first vortex tube (200)
(400), expanded through second eddy current pipe (400) and be depressured, lower boiling organic working medium is further vaporized, generation gas-liquid two-phase mixing
Thing, isolates the second superheated steam, the second saturated vapor and the second solution, the second of outflow from second eddy current pipe (400)
Superheated steam and the second saturated vapor are mixed into expansion work in the second expanding machine (500)；
3) the second solution of outflow flows through backheat evaporator (120) heat release under gravity from second eddy current pipe (400)
Enter absorber (110) afterwards；First expanding machine (300) passes through shaft coupling and is connected with the second expanding machine (500) acting drive with it
Generator (600) operating generate electricity；The mixed vapour of the first superheated steam and the first saturated vapor in the first expanding machine (300)
It is expanded to after the inlet pressure of the second expanding machine (500) that to enter absorber (110) molten by from second eddy current pipe (400) second
Liquid absorbs；The mixed vapour of the second superheated steam and the second saturated vapor in the second expanding machine (500) is expanded to condensing pressure
Enter condenser (700) afterwards, the mixed vapour is cooled to liquid by the cooling medium outside condenser；
4) it is cooled to after the 3rd solution of liquid boosts to certain pressure through cryogenic fluid pump (800) by condenser (700) and flows through preheating
Device (900) absorbs partial heat, subsequently enters in absorber (110), and the 3rd solution is by absorption process in absorber (110)
Flowed into after saturation liquid under the heat of generation to corresponding pressure and be further heated in backheat evaporator (120), generated
Saturated vapor；The 4th solution ended is absorbed in absorber (110) under the boosting of the first solution pump (130), is flowed through pre-
Hot device (900), enters as working fluid after being changed into supercooled state solution after discharging partial heat in preheater (900) and sprays
Adiabatic absorber (140), expansion forms low pressure or vacuum, coupled backheat evaporation in injection adiabatic absorber (140)
The steam produced in device (120) is inhaled into, and working fluid is fully mixed with saturation saturated vapor in injection adiabatic absorber (140)
Close, ultimately form the solution of pressure placed in the middle, heater (100) is entered after being boosted through the second solution pump (150) after, form system
Circulation.
2. the absorption electricity-generating method of organic working medium that low-temperature heat source according to claim 1 drives, it is characterised in that：Step
(1) organic working medium described in includes the low-boiling-point organic compound as refrigerant and the high boiling point organic compound as absorbent, institute
The low-boiling-point organic compound stated is selected from R1234yf, R1233zd (E), R1336mzz (Z), R1234ze (E) and R1234ze (Z)
One or more, described high boiling point organic compound is selected from the one kind in TrEGDME, TEGDME and NMP.
3. the absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium that a kind of low-temperature heat source drives, it is characterised in that including organic working medium is heated
It is heater (100), the first vortex tube (200), the first expanding machine (300), second eddy current pipe (400), second of saturated solution
Expanding machine (500), generator (600), condenser (700), cryogenic fluid pump (800), preheater (900), absorber (110), backheat
Evaporator (120), the first solution pump (130), injection adiabatic absorber (140) and the second solution pump (150), described heater
(100) saturated solution outlet (102) is connected with second import (201) of the first vortex tube (200), the first described vortex tube
The first heat outlet (202) it is in parallel with the first cold air outlet (204) after be connected to the triple feed inlet of the first expanding machine (300)
(301) first liquid outlet (203) of, described the first vortex tube (200) and the 4th import of second eddy current pipe (400)
(401) it is connected, connects after second heat outlet (402) of described second eddy current pipe (400) is in parallel with the second cold air outlet (404)
The 5th import (501) of the second expanding machine (500) is connected to, second liquid outlet (403) of described second eddy current pipe (400) leads to
Cross after backheat evaporator (120) and be connected to the dilute solution inlet (113) of absorber (110), described the first expanding machine (300)
First outlet (302) is connected with the refrigerant vapour import (112) of absorber (110), and the second of described the second expanding machine (500)
Outlet (502) passes sequentially through condenser (700), cryogenic fluid pump (800), preheater (900), absorber (110), backheat evaporator
(120) the driving fluid import (142) of injection adiabatic absorber (140) is connected to after；The concentrated solution of described absorber (110)
Outlet (115) is connected to the work for spraying adiabatic absorber (140) after passing sequentially through the first solution pump (130), preheater (900)
Fluid inlet (131), the fluid-mixing of described injection adiabatic absorber (140) exports (143) by the second solution pump (150)
First import (101) of heater (100) is connected to afterwards, and described the first expanding machine (300) and the second expanding machine (500) passes through
Shaft coupling is connected with generator (600).
4. the absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium that low-temperature heat source according to claim 3 drives, it is characterised in that：It is described
Organic working medium include the low-boiling-point organic compound as refrigerant and the high boiling point organic compound as absorbent, described low boiling
Organic matter is selected from the one kind or several in R1234yf, R1233zd (E), R1336mzz (Z), R1234ze (E) and R1234ze (Z)
Kind, described high boiling point organic compound is selected from the one kind in TrEGDME, TEGDME and NMP.
5. the absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium that low-temperature heat source according to claim 3 drives, it is characterised in that：It is described
Second eddy current pipe (400) the 4th import (401) position less than the first vortex tube (200) first liquid outlet (203)
Position, the of the position of second solution inlet port (123) of described backheat evaporator (120) less than second eddy current pipe (400)
The position of two liquid outlets (403), the position of the dilute solution inlet (113) of the absorber (110) is less than backheat evaporator
(120) position of the second taphole (122).
6. the absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium that the low-temperature heat source according to claim 3 or 4 drives, it is characterised in that：
Described heater (100), condenser (700), preheater (900) and backheat evaporator (120) are selected from shell-and-tube heat exchanger, drop
One kind in membrane heat exchanger and plate type heat exchanger.
7. the absorption electricity generation system of organic working medium that the low-temperature heat source according to claim 3 or 4 drives, it is characterised in that：
Described the first vortex tube (200) is adverse current type vortex tube, and described second eddy current pipe (400) is adverse current type vortex tube.
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| CN109083705A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-12-25 | 广东工业大学 | Change component multiple pressure with injector evaporates non-azeotropic working medium Rankine cycle system |
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| CN113819678A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2021-12-21 | 安徽普泛能源技术有限公司 | Multi-heat-source generator unit with ejector and absorption type refrigerating system thereof |
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| CN106907204B (en) | 2018-04-10 |
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