CN106907112B - PDC drill bit for well drilling - Google Patents
PDC drill bit for well drilling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106907112B CN106907112B CN201710312836.9A CN201710312836A CN106907112B CN 106907112 B CN106907112 B CN 106907112B CN 201710312836 A CN201710312836 A CN 201710312836A CN 106907112 B CN106907112 B CN 106907112B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- cutting edges
- drill bit
- cutting
- flushing
- auxiliary
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
- E21B10/602—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids the bit being a rotary drag type bit with blades
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a PDC drill bit for drilling, which comprises: the drill bit comprises a drill bit body, wherein a flushing cavity is formed in the drill bit body; the cutting edges are arranged on the crown of the drill bit body in a protruding mode through a spiral line structure, angles formed between any two adjacent cutting edges are unequal, a discharge groove is formed between any two adjacent cutting edges, a plurality of auxiliary cutting edges of a plurality of cutting teeth are arranged on the same side of all the cutting edges, the auxiliary cutting edges are arranged in the middle of each discharge groove in a protruding mode and have the same quantity with the discharge groove, the tops of the auxiliary cutting edges are located on the midpoints of connecting lines of the tops of the highest cutting edges and the tops of the lowest cutting edges, and a plurality of auxiliary cutting teeth are arranged on the auxiliary cutting edges in the direction on the same side as the cutting edges; and the flushing ports are communicated with the flushing cavity. The invention solves the problem of deflection of the drill bit when unbalanced force is generated at the bottom of the well, and greatly improves the stability of drilling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of PDC drill bits, and particularly relates to a PDC drill bit for drilling.
Background
The PDC drill bit is an integral drill bit and is divided into two main types of matrix drill bit and steel type drill bit, the whole drill bit has no movable parts, and the structure is relatively simple and is mainly composed of a drill bit matrix, drill bit cutting teeth, nozzles, junk slots and the like. In the past few years, the quality and the type of PDC cutting teeth have changed greatly, and the PDC cutting teeth are widely applied to various fields such as geological exploration, mineral exploitation, oil and gas exploration and the like. When the drill bit moves at the bottom of a well, unbalanced forces are generated at the junctions of rock strata with different hardness, so that deviation of drilling and even damage to the drill bit occur, and a drill bit capable of stably drilling is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides the PDC drill bit with the spiral structure at the top of the drill bit, which can effectively neutralize unbalanced force and realize stable drilling.
The invention is realized by the following scheme:
a PDC drill bit for drilling a well, comprising:
the drill bit comprises a drill bit body, wherein a flushing cavity is formed in the drill bit body;
the cutting edges are convexly and spirally arranged at the crown of the drill bit body, the top ends of the cutting edges are sequentially lowered in the anticlockwise direction to form a spiral line structure A opposite to the cutting edges, the lead angle alpha of the spiral line structure A is not more than 0.1 degree, the angle beta formed between any two adjacent cutting edges is not equal, the difference value b of the angle beta between any two adjacent cutting edges is not more than 1 degree, a discharge groove is formed between any two adjacent cutting edges, and all the cutting edges are provided with a plurality of cutting teeth on the same side;
the auxiliary cutting edges are convexly arranged in the middle of each discharge groove and have the same quantity with the discharge grooves, the tops of the auxiliary cutting edges are positioned at the midpoints of the connecting lines of the tops of the highest cutting edges and the tops of the lowest cutting edges, and the auxiliary cutting edges are provided with a plurality of auxiliary cutting teeth in the direction of the same side as the cutting edges;
the flushing ports are arranged in the discharge groove between any two adjacent cutting edges and are communicated with the flushing cavity.
an angle a is too large, so that cutting force is concentrated on one cutting edge, and the service life of the drill bit is shortened; too large b results in increased centrifugal force and unstable cutting.
Preferably, the height of the protruding cutting edge is 0.05-0.2 times of the diameter of the drill bit, the height of the protruding cutting edge of the auxiliary cutting edge is equal to the height of the protruding cutting edge, the material discharging groove is not blocked in time due to too short, and the torque born by the cutting edge is increased due to too high.
Preferably, when 3 to 5 cutting edges are provided and the heights of the cutting edges are not equal to or less than 3, it is difficult to ensure even distribution of cutting force, the drill bit is easy to deviate, and too many cutting edges can make the cutting edges smaller, so that the cutting force is insufficient.
Preferably, the auxiliary flushing holes are formed in the auxiliary cutting edges and are communicated with the flushing cavity, and the number of the auxiliary flushing holes in each auxiliary cutting edge is 3.
According to the invention, the discharge groove is formed between the plurality of cutting edges convexly arranged at the crown part of the drill bit body, so that the discharge efficiency of cutting materials is improved, and the heat of the drill bit is timely taken away by flushing the empty and auxiliary flushing holes to provide sufficient lubrication of cutting fluid or compressed air in the drilling process of the drill bit, so that the drill bit is protected.
The cutting edge of the drill bit is not equal in height, the shearing force born by each cutting tooth is different, the drill bit deflects to form a new unbalanced force, the spiral structure of a single cutting edge is opposite to the spiral line direction formed by the whole top, a part of unbalanced force can be relieved, in addition, the whole drill bit is of an asymmetric structure due to different angles between adjacent cutting edges, centrifugal force can be generated during cutting, part of centrifugal force and counter-cutting force can be interacted with the unbalanced force generated during cutting rock layers with different hardness to be neutralized, meanwhile, the auxiliary cutting edge is arranged to be of a symmetrical structure, so that drill bit guiding deflection caused by overlarge asymmetric force can be effectively prevented, and a gage effect is achieved.
The invention solves the problem of deflection of the drill bit when unbalanced force is generated at the bottom of the well, and greatly improves the stability of drilling.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the cutting edge distribution of example 1 of a PDC drill bit for drilling in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of an embodiment 1 of a PDC drill bit for drilling in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a bottom view of fig. 2.
The reference numerals are as follows:
1. bit body 11, flushing chamber 2, cutting edge 21, and discharge chute
22. Cutting teeth 3, secondary cutting edge 23, auxiliary cutting teeth 4, flushing port
A. Spiral line
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed drawings in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the implementation of the invention easy to understand.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the cutting edge distribution of an embodiment 1 of a PDC drill bit for drilling, A is a spiral line formed at the top of the cutting edge, and the cutting edge 2 and the auxiliary cutting edge 3 are distributed in a staggered manner; since the angle values α, β and b are small, specific structures are not explicitly indicated.
As shown in fig. 2, a PDC drill bit for drilling well comprises a drill bit body 1, wherein a flushing cavity 11 is formed in the drill bit body 1; the three cutting edges 2 are convexly arranged at the crown of the drill bit body 1, the top ends of the cutting edges are not in the same plane, but are sequentially lowered to form a spiral line structure, the lead angle alpha of the spiral line structure is not more than 0.1 degrees, the angle beta formed between any two adjacent cutting edges is not equal, in the embodiment, the angle beta is respectively marked as beta 1, beta 2 and beta 3, the difference value b between any two adjacent angles is not more than 1 degrees, namely |beta 1-beta 2| is less than or equal to 1, |beta 2-beta 3| is less than or equal to 1, |beta 1-beta 3| is less than or equal to 1, a discharge groove is formed between any two adjacent cutting edges, and all the cutting edges are provided with a plurality of cutting teeth on the same side; the center of each discharge groove is also provided with a plurality of auxiliary cutting edges 3 which are the same as the cutting edges, the tops of all the auxiliary cutting edges are positioned on the midpoint of the connecting line between the top of the highest cutting edge and the top of the lowest cutting edge, and a plurality of auxiliary cutting teeth 23 are arranged on the auxiliary cutting edges in the direction of the same side as the cutting edges; the flushing ports 4 are arranged in the discharge groove between any two adjacent cutting edges, the flushing ports 4 are communicated with the flushing cavity 11, and in the embodiment, 12 flushing ports are respectively distributed at the top and the top of the discharge groove between the main cutting edge and the auxiliary cutting edge.
In the embodiment, the lift angle alpha of the spiral line structure is 0.1 degrees, and too large angle can cause cutting force to be concentrated on one cutting edge, so that the service life of the drill bit is shortened; a difference b of 1 deg., b too large results in an increase in centrifugal force, making the cutting unstable.
In this embodiment, the height of the protruding cutting edge is 0.2 times of the diameter of the drill bit, the protruding height of the secondary cutting edge is equal to the protruding height of the cutting edge, and the secondary cutting edge can also be slightly higher than the cutting edge, so that the discharging groove is not blocked in time due to too short, and the cutting edge bears a larger torque due to too high.
In this embodiment, 3 cutting edges may be provided, or 4 or 5 cutting edges or less than 3 cutting edges may be provided, so that even distribution of cutting force is difficult to ensure, the drill bit is easy to deviate, and excessive cutting edges may reduce the cutting edges to cause insufficient cutting force.
In this embodiment, the auxiliary flushing holes are formed in the auxiliary cutting edges, the auxiliary flushing holes are communicated with the flushing cavity, and the number of the auxiliary flushing holes formed in each auxiliary cutting edge is 3.
In the embodiment, the discharge groove is formed between the plurality of cutting edges of the crown of the drill bit body through the bulge, so that the discharge efficiency of cutting materials is improved, and the sufficient cutting fluid or compressed air lubrication is provided in the drilling process of the drill bit through flushing the empty and auxiliary flushing holes, so that the heat of the drill bit is taken away in time, and the protection effect on the drill bit is realized.
The cutting edge of the drill bit is not equal in height, the shearing force born by each cutting tooth is different, the drill bit deflects to form a new unbalanced force, the spiral structure of a single cutting edge is opposite to the spiral line direction formed by the whole top, a part of unbalanced force can be relieved, in addition, the whole drill bit is of an asymmetric structure due to different angles between adjacent cutting edges, centrifugal force can be generated during cutting, part of centrifugal force and counter-cutting force can be interacted with the unbalanced force generated during cutting rock layers with different hardness to be neutralized, meanwhile, the auxiliary cutting edge is arranged to be of a symmetrical structure, so that drill bit guiding deflection caused by overlarge asymmetric force can be effectively prevented, and a gage effect is achieved.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiment, and all technical solutions belonging to the principles of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention. Modifications which would occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention are also intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A PDC drill bit for drilling a well, comprising:
a drill bit body (1) having a flushing chamber (11) therein;
the cutting edges (2) are spirally coiled on the crown of the drill bit body in a protruding mode, the top ends of the cutting edges are sequentially lowered to form a spiral line structure A opposite to the cutting edges, the lead angle alpha of the spiral line structure A is not more than 0.1 degrees, the angle beta formed between any two adjacent cutting edges is not equal, the difference value b of the angle beta between any two adjacent cutting edges is not more than 1 degree, a discharge groove (21) is formed between any two adjacent cutting edges, and all the cutting edges are provided with a plurality of cutting teeth (22) on the same side;
the auxiliary cutting edges (3) are convexly arranged in the center of each discharge groove and have the same quantity with the discharge grooves, the tops of the auxiliary cutting edges are positioned at the midpoints of the connecting lines of the tops of the highest cutting edges and the tops of the lowest cutting edges, and the auxiliary cutting edges are provided with a plurality of auxiliary cutting teeth (23) in the direction of the same side with the cutting edges;
the flushing device comprises a plurality of flushing ports (4), wherein the flushing ports (4) are arranged in a discharge groove between any two adjacent cutting edges (2), and the flushing ports (4) are communicated with a flushing cavity (11).
2. A PDC bit for drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the cutting edge projection is 0.05-0.2 times the bit diameter, and the height of the minor cutting edge projection corresponds to the height of the cutting edge (2) projection.
3. The PDC bit for well drilling of claim 1 wherein the cutting edges are provided in 3-5.
4. A PDC drill bit for well drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that the secondary cutting edge (3) is provided with an auxiliary flushing hole (31), the auxiliary flushing hole (31) being in communication with the flushing cavity.
5. The PDC drill bit of claim 4 wherein the number of auxiliary flushing holes provided in each of the secondary cutting edges is 4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710312836.9A CN106907112B (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2017-05-05 | PDC drill bit for well drilling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710312836.9A CN106907112B (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2017-05-05 | PDC drill bit for well drilling |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106907112A CN106907112A (en) | 2017-06-30 |
| CN106907112B true CN106907112B (en) | 2023-06-20 |
Family
ID=59210851
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710312836.9A Active CN106907112B (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2017-05-05 | PDC drill bit for well drilling |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106907112B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113216841B (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-06-24 | 河北锐石钻头制造有限公司 | PDC drill bit capable of automatically adjusting |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4719979A (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1988-01-19 | Smith International, Inc. | Expendable diamond drag bit |
| US5173014A (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1992-12-22 | General Motors Corporation | Four flute center cutting drill |
| US6230828B1 (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 2001-05-15 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Rotary drilling bits for directional drilling exhibiting variable weight-on-bit dependent cutting characteristics |
| CN203374210U (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2014-01-01 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) drill bit with five blades and main elliptical cutting teeth |
| CN204663401U (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-23 | 成都迪普金刚石钻头有限责任公司 | A kind of PDC drill bit improving heart portion efficiency of breaking rock |
| CN204920811U (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-30 | 四川川石金刚石钻头有限公司 | Mud drum PDC drill bit is prevented to step wing |
| CN205532309U (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-31 | 四川奥格特金刚石钻头有限公司 | Crown has double concave cutting structure's PDC drill bit |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19516270C1 (en) * | 1995-05-09 | 1997-01-30 | Heller Dinklage Gmbh Geb | Drilling tool |
| US5971087A (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 1999-10-26 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Reduced residual tensile stress superabrasive cutters for earth boring and drill bits so equipped |
| CA2605196C (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2011-01-04 | Smith International, Inc. | Drag bits with dropping tendencies and methods for making the same |
| AT13738U1 (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-07-15 | Dywidag Systems Int Gmbh | drill bit |
| CN206668162U (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-11-24 | 宜昌神达石油机械有限公司 | A kind of drilling well PDC drill bit |
-
2017
- 2017-05-05 CN CN201710312836.9A patent/CN106907112B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4719979A (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1988-01-19 | Smith International, Inc. | Expendable diamond drag bit |
| US5173014A (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1992-12-22 | General Motors Corporation | Four flute center cutting drill |
| US6230828B1 (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 2001-05-15 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Rotary drilling bits for directional drilling exhibiting variable weight-on-bit dependent cutting characteristics |
| CN203374210U (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2014-01-01 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) drill bit with five blades and main elliptical cutting teeth |
| CN204663401U (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-23 | 成都迪普金刚石钻头有限责任公司 | A kind of PDC drill bit improving heart portion efficiency of breaking rock |
| CN204920811U (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-30 | 四川川石金刚石钻头有限公司 | Mud drum PDC drill bit is prevented to step wing |
| CN205532309U (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-31 | 四川奥格特金刚石钻头有限公司 | Crown has double concave cutting structure's PDC drill bit |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106907112A (en) | 2017-06-30 |
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Address after: 443001 Three Gorges private science and Technology Park, Hubei, Yichang Applicant after: Yichang Shenda Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 443001 Three Gorges private science and Technology Park, Hubei, Yichang Applicant before: YICHANG SHENDA PETROMACHINE Co.,Ltd. |
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