CN106906004B - Pulverized coal gasification control method and pulverized coal gasification device - Google Patents
Pulverized coal gasification control method and pulverized coal gasification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106906004B CN106906004B CN201710177501.0A CN201710177501A CN106906004B CN 106906004 B CN106906004 B CN 106906004B CN 201710177501 A CN201710177501 A CN 201710177501A CN 106906004 B CN106906004 B CN 106906004B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pulverized coal gasification control method and a pulverized coal gasification device, and belongs to the field of pulverized coal gasification. The method and the device are characterized in that each process burner is respectively provided with a gasifying agent branch pipeline and a pulverized coal branch pipeline, the gasifying agent branch pipeline consists of an oxygen branch pipeline and a steam branch pipeline, and the ratio of the gasifying agent flow of a single process burner to the pulverized coal flow is in a proper range by adjusting the gasifying agent flow of the gasifying agent branch pipeline and the pulverized coal flow of the pulverized coal branch pipeline. Compared with the prior art, the pulverized coal gasification control method and the pulverized coal gasification device can enable the burners to achieve consistent oxygen load, better protect the start-up burner and the process burner and prevent the gasification device from stopping due to the fluctuation of a pulverized coal quantity pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pulverized coal gasification, in particular to a pulverized coal gasification control method and a pulverized coal gasification device.
Background
The coal gasification process is a process in which coal or coal coke reacts with a gasification agent (oxygen, steam, etc.) to generate clean gas fuels such as carbon oxides, hydrogen, methane, etc., and is a well-known core technology and tap technology of the modern coal chemical industry process, while a gasification furnace is a core in the coal gasification process technology. The entrained flow gasification technology is a coal gasification technology generally adopted in large scale at present, while a gasification furnace in the core of the entrained flow gasification technology adopts a single burner top downward spraying technology in the early stage, but because the coal gasification scale and the gasification efficiency are limited, a multi-burner entrained flow technology appears, namely, a plurality of burners are vertically arranged at the top end of the gasification furnace, and materials vertically and downwardly enter the gasification furnace. Because of the increase of the number of the burners, the flame area in the furnace is increased, and the collision area of the material and the gasifying agent is increased, thereby improving the gasification efficiency and capacity.
However, the gasification process also has a number of disadvantages: the oxygen flow of a plurality of process burners is regulated by an oxygen regulating valve, and hidden danger is buried for the oxygen flow balance of a plurality of burners in the design; in addition, in a pulverized coal conveying system mainly based on dense-phase conveying, the pulverized coal pipeline is easy to fluctuate, but in this case, the gasification furnace needs to be interlocked for shutdown treatment; the start-up burner is still operated after the process burner is put into operation, and fuel gas and oxygen are consumed in the process burner, so that the consumption is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical task of the invention is to provide a pulverized coal gasification control method aiming at the defects of the prior art, the method can ensure that the burners have consistent oxygen load, better protect the start-up burner and the process burner, and prevent the shutdown of a gasification device and even the damage of the process burner caused by the fluctuation of a pulverized coal pipeline.
The invention further aims to provide a pulverized coal gasification device which can realize the method.
The technical task of the invention is realized by the following modes: a pulverized coal gasification control method is characterized in that a gasification device for pulverized coal gasification is provided with a start-up burner and at least two process burners, the start-up burner is connected with a fuel gas pipeline and an oxygen pipeline, the process burners are connected with a pulverized coal pipeline and a gasifying agent pipeline, and the gasifying agent pipeline consists of an oxygen pipeline and a steam pipeline and is characterized in that:
each process burner is respectively provided with a gasifying agent branch pipeline and a pulverized coal branch pipeline (namely, the gasifying agent pipeline of each process burner is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the pulverized coal pipeline), the gasifying agent branch pipeline consists of an oxygen branch pipeline and a steam branch pipeline, and the ratio of the gasifying agent flow of each process burner to the pulverized coal flow of each pulverized coal pipeline is in a proper range by adjusting the gasifying agent flow of the gasifying agent pipeline and the pulverized coal flow of each pulverized coal pipeline.
Preferably, the mass flow ratio of the oxygen to the pulverized coal is 0.6-1.1, and the best is 0.8-0.9; the mass ratio of water vapor to oxygen is 0.03-0.07, preferably 0.05.
The water vapor is used for adjusting the temperature of the head fire-facing surface of the process burner and slightly increasing the effective gas content in the synthesis gas. The ratio of the water vapor to the oxygen does not need to enter a process burner for jumping and interlocking.
Further, a fuel gas emptying point and a high-pressure carbon dioxide purging point can be arranged on a fuel gas pipeline of the start-up burner, and the fuel gas emptying point is used for calibrating the fuel gas flow before the start-up burner feeds; the high pressure carbon dioxide purge point is used for inert gas protection of the start-up burner that exits the fuel gas line during operation of the process burner.
Furthermore, a first oxygen emptying point, a second oxygen emptying point and a clean high-pressure nitrogen purging point can be further arranged on an oxygen pipeline of the start-up burner, and the first oxygen emptying point is used for calibrating the oxygen flow before the start-up burner is fed; the second oxygen emptying point ensures that oxygen is thoroughly isolated from the gasification device; the clean high pressure nitrogen purge point is used for inert gas protection of the start-up burner exiting the oxygen line during operation of the process burner.
In order to facilitate the calibration of the valve position, an oxygen regulating valve is preferably arranged at the front end of the oxygen emptying point on an oxygen pipeline of the start-up burner.
Before the gasification device is ready to operate, fuel gas and oxygen of the start-up burner can be discharged through a fuel gas discharge point and an oxygen discharge point, and meanwhile, the discharge flow is controlled through a regulating valve in front of the discharge point, so that the function of calibrating the valve position is achieved.
After the start-up burner is put into operation, the process burner can be put into operation according to the operation condition of the start-up burner and the pressure rise condition of the gasification device.
Preferably, when the start-up burner operates to 3.0-3.6MPa, the process burner starts to be put into operation, so that the synthetic gas is prevented from being discharged to the maximum extent, and the cost is saved;
or when the start-up burner operates to 1.0MPa, the process burner is used so as to reduce the operation time of the start-up burner and protect the start-up burner.
After the process burner is put into operation, for sudden working condition fluctuation, the pulverized coal flow and the oxygen flow of the process burner can be manually adjusted, so that the ratio of the gasification agent flow to the pulverized coal flow of a single process burner is in a reasonable range, the temperature of the head of the process burner is controlled to be in a normal range, and the process burner is protected; for sudden severe working condition fluctuation, a certain process burner can be stopped in a short time (within 10 minutes). The start-up burner can be selected to continue to operate according to the operation condition of the gasification furnace, if the operation condition is stable (such as stable operation for 2 hours or more), the start-up burner can be stopped, and high-pressure carbon dioxide and clean high-pressure nitrogen are introduced into the fuel gas pipeline and the oxygen pipeline for purging protection.
The invention discloses a pulverized coal gasification device which comprises a start-up burner and at least two process burners, wherein the start-up burner is connected with a fuel gas pipeline and an oxygen pipeline, the process burners are connected with a pulverized coal pipeline and a gasification agent pipeline, the gasification agent pipeline comprises an oxygen pipeline and a steam pipeline, and the pulverized coal gasification device is characterized in that each process burner is respectively provided with a gasification agent branch pipeline and a pulverized coal branch pipeline, and the gasification agent branch pipeline comprises an oxygen branch pipeline and a steam branch pipeline.
Preferably, a fuel gas release point and a high-pressure carbon dioxide purge point are arranged on a fuel gas pipeline of the start-up burner, the fuel gas release point is arranged between the fuel flow regulating valve and the first fuel gas cut-off valve, the high-pressure carbon dioxide purge point is arranged at the downstream of the first fuel gas cut-off valve, and the high-pressure carbon dioxide directly enters the gasification furnace.
The oxygen pipeline of the start-up burner can be provided with two oxygen emptying points and a clean high-pressure nitrogen purging point, and the first oxygen emptying point is arranged between an oxygen regulating valve and a second oxygen cut-off valve of the start-up burner and is used for calibrating the oxygen flow before the start-up burner feeds materials, so that the ratio of oxygen to fuel gas can be more accurately controlled when the start-up burner feeds materials, and the burner is protected; the second oxygen emptying point is arranged between the first oxygen cut-off valve and the second oxygen cut-off valve and is used for opening the emptying valve simultaneously with the first oxygen emptying point after the start-up burner stops, so that oxygen is completely isolated from the gasification furnace; the high-pressure nitrogen purging point is arranged between the last cut-off valve and the oxygen inlet before entering the furnace.
On an oxygen pipeline of the start-up burner, an oxygen regulating valve is preferably arranged at the front end of an oxygen emptying point so as to conveniently calibrate the valve position.
Compared with the prior art, the pulverized coal gasification control method and the pulverized coal gasification device have the following outstanding beneficial effects:
the gasification agent pipelines and the pulverized coal pipelines of each process burner are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, namely each process burner corresponds to one set of gasification agent branch pipeline and pulverized coal branch pipeline, and when the operation condition of the process burner fluctuates, the ratio of the flow of the gasification agent to the flow of the pulverized coal can be rapidly adjusted, so that the ratio of the flow of the gasification agent to the flow of the pulverized coal in a pulverized coal burner system is in a safe range, and the process burner is protected; under the condition that a serious problem occurs to a pulverized coal conveying system which is easy to fluctuate, the corresponding process burner can be stopped for a short time, and after the problem is treated, the process burner is quickly put into the process burner, so that the gasification furnace can be prevented from being stopped.
And (II) after the process burner is put into operation in a short time, the start-up burner can manually judge whether to stop the process burner or not according to the operation condition of the process burner, if the operation state of the process burner is not too good or the process burner jumps, and under the condition that the start-up burner is not stopped, the gasification furnace is simply swept without releasing pressure in the furnace, the process burner can be put into operation again after the gas in the furnace is analyzed and sampled to be qualified, so that the time is saved, the time from the process burner jumping to the re-putting into operation is about 30 minutes, and the start-up cost can be saved by 80 ten thousand yuan once.
And (III) after the process burner is put into operation, manually determining whether the start-up burner is stopped according to the operation condition, protecting a gasification agent pipeline by filtered clean high-pressure nitrogen and a fuel gas pipeline by high-pressure carbon dioxide after the start-up burner is stopped, cutting the gasification agent pipeline of the start-up burner from a main system, and performing emptying isolation, thereby not only ensuring the stability of operation and prolonging the service life of the form burner, but also avoiding the waste of energy, and the cost per hour is about 1200 yuan.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pulverized coal gasification apparatus according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the position of the burners of the gasification unit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the pulverized coal pipeline and the gasifying agent pipeline of the process burner in the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the fuel gas line and the oxygen line of the start-up burner in the example.
Detailed Description
The method for controlling pulverized coal gasification and the apparatus for pulverized coal gasification according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
Example (b):
[ vaporizing device ]
As shown in the attached drawings 1 and 2, the pulverized coal gasification device comprises a furnace body 1, a start-up burner 2 and three process burners 3. The start-up burner 2 and the process burner 3 are both vertically arranged at the top end of the furnace body 1. The start-up burner 2 is assembled at the center of the top end of the furnace body 1. The three process burners 3 are evenly distributed around the start-up burner 2.
As shown in fig. 3, each process burner 3 is connected to a main pulverized coal pipe 7, an oxygen main pipe 8 and a steam main pipe 9 through a pulverized coal branch pipe 4 and a gasifying agent branch pipe (including an oxygen branch pipe 5 and a steam branch pipe 6).
The arrangement method of the control valves on the pulverized coal branch pipeline 4, the oxygen branch pipeline 5 and the steam branch pipeline 6 is the same as that of the control valves on the corresponding main pipelines in the prior art.
As shown in fig. 4, the start-up burner 2 is connected to a fuel gas line 10 and an oxygen line 11.
The gas pipeline 10 is connected in series with a pressure regulating valve 12, a flow regulating valve 13 and a first fuel gas cut-off valve 14. A fuel gas relief point 18 is provided between the flow rate adjustment valve 13 and the fuel gas first shut-off valve 14. A high pressure carbon dioxide purge point 19 is provided between the fuel gas first cut-off valve 14 and the fuel gas inlet.
The oxygen pipeline 11 is connected in series with a flow regulating valve 15, an oxygen second cut-off valve 16 and an oxygen first cut-off valve 17. The front end and the rear end of the second oxygen cut-off valve 16 are respectively provided with a first oxygen emptying point 20 and a second oxygen emptying point 21. A high-pressure nitrogen purging point is arranged between the oxygen first cut-off valve 17 and the oxygen inlet.
[ CONTROL METHOD ]
Before the gasification device is ready to operate, fuel gas and oxygen of a start-up burner are emptied through a fuel gas emptying point and an oxygen emptying point on corresponding pipelines, and meanwhile, the emptying flow is controlled through a flow regulating valve 13 and a flow regulating valve 15 which are arranged in front of the emptying point, so that the function of calibrating the valve position is achieved.
After the start-up burner is put into operation, the process burner can be put into operation according to the start-up burner operation condition and the gasification furnace pressure rise condition, and when the start-up burner is operated to 3.0-3.6MPa, the process burner starts to be put into operation.
In the initial stage of the process burner input, the short-time input failure of a single process burner does not cause the shutdown of the gasification furnace.
After the process burner is put into operation, the pulverized coal flow and the oxygen flow of the process burner can be manually adjusted for sudden working condition fluctuation, so that the mass flow ratio of the oxygen to the pulverized coal of a single process burner is 0.8-0.9; the mass ratio of the water vapor to the oxygen is 0.04-0.06, the temperature of the head of the process burner is controlled within a normal range, and the process burner is protected; and for sudden severe working condition fluctuation, a process burner can be stopped in a short time, and is put into operation after the treatment is finished.
After the process burner is put into operation, the start-up burner can be selected to continue to operate according to the operation condition of the gasification furnace, if the operation condition is stable, the start-up burner can be stopped, the emptying valves are opened at the first oxygen emptying point and the second oxygen emptying point at the same time, oxygen is ensured to be thoroughly isolated from the gasification furnace, high-pressure carbon dioxide is introduced into a fuel gas pipeline, clean high-pressure nitrogen is introduced into the oxygen pipeline for purging protection, and therefore the operation cost of fuel gas and oxygen which are put into the start-up burner during normal operation is saved.
Claims (9)
1. A pulverized coal gasification control method is characterized in that a start-up burner and at least two process burners are arranged on a gasification device for pulverized coal gasification, the start-up burner is connected with a fuel gas pipeline and an oxygen pipeline, the process burners are connected with a pulverized coal pipeline and a gasifying agent pipeline, and the gasifying agent pipeline consists of an oxygen pipeline and a steam pipeline:
the start-up burner and the process burner are both vertically arranged at the top end of the furnace body,
each process burner is respectively provided with a gasifying agent branch pipeline and a pulverized coal branch pipeline, the gasifying agent branch pipeline consists of an oxygen branch pipeline and a steam branch pipeline, and the ratio of the gasifying agent flow of the single process burner to the pulverized coal flow is in a proper range by adjusting the gasifying agent flow of the gasifying agent branch pipeline and the pulverized coal flow of the pulverized coal branch pipeline.
2. The pulverized coal gasification control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass flow ratio of oxygen to pulverized coal in the gasification agent of the single process burner is 0.6-1.1; the mass ratio of the water vapor to the oxygen in the gasifying agent is 0.03-0.07.
3. The pulverized coal gasification control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a fuel gas emptying point and a high-pressure carbon dioxide purging point are arranged on a fuel gas pipeline of the start-up burner,
the fuel gas emptying point is used for calibrating the fuel gas flow before the start-up burner is fed;
the high pressure carbon dioxide purge point is used for inert gas protection of the start-up burner that exits the fuel gas line during operation of the process burner.
4. The pulverized coal gasification control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: an oxygen pipeline of the start-up burner is provided with a first oxygen emptying point, a second oxygen emptying point and a clean high-pressure nitrogen purging point,
the first oxygen emptying point is used for calibrating the oxygen flow before the start-up burner is fed;
the second oxygen emptying point ensures that oxygen is thoroughly isolated from the gasification device;
the clean high pressure nitrogen purge point is used for inert gas protection of the start-up burner exiting the oxygen line during operation of the process burner.
5. The pulverized coal gasification control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: and on an oxygen pipeline of the start-up burner, the oxygen regulating valve is arranged at the front end of the oxygen emptying point.
6. A pulverized coal gasification apparatus operated by the control method of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a start-up burner and at least two process burners, the start-up burner being connected to a fuel gas line and an oxygen line, the process burners being connected to a pulverized coal line and a gasifying agent line, the gasifying agent line consisting of an oxygen line and a steam line, characterized in that: each process burner is respectively provided with a gasifying agent branch pipeline and a pulverized coal branch pipeline.
7. The pulverized coal gasification apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein: a fuel gas emptying point and a high-pressure carbon dioxide purging point are arranged on a fuel gas pipeline of the start-up burner, the fuel gas emptying point is arranged between the fuel flow regulating valve and the first fuel gas cut-off valve, the high-pressure carbon dioxide purging point is arranged at the downstream of the first fuel gas cut-off valve, and high-pressure carbon dioxide directly enters the gasification furnace.
8. The pulverized coal gasification apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: the oxygen pipeline of the start-up burner is provided with two oxygen emptying points and a clean high-pressure nitrogen purging point, and the first oxygen emptying point is arranged between the start-up burner oxygen regulating valve and the second oxygen shut-off valve and is used for calibrating the oxygen flow before the start-up burner feeds materials; the second oxygen emptying point is arranged between the first oxygen cut-off valve and the second oxygen cut-off valve and is used for opening the emptying valve simultaneously with the first oxygen emptying point after the start-up burner stops, so that oxygen is completely isolated from the gasification furnace; the high-pressure nitrogen purging point is arranged between the last cut-off valve and the oxygen inlet before entering the furnace.
9. The pulverized coal gasification apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein: and an oxygen regulating valve is arranged at the front end of the oxygen emptying point on an oxygen pipeline of the start-up burner.
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| CN107937036B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2023-08-04 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | System and method for controlling oxygen concentration in gasifying agent by circulating fluidized bed gasifier |
| CN110295062B (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2020-06-16 | 中国石化扬子石油化工有限公司 | Control method for stable operation of gasification device after part of coal line jumping |
| CN110408435A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-11-05 | 中安联合煤化有限责任公司 | A kind of online switching method of single injector overhead type air flow bed powder coal gasification furnace |
| CN112779055A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-11 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Plug flow gasifier and gasification method of carbon-containing raw material |
| CN112831353B (en) * | 2021-01-09 | 2022-03-04 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Gasification efficiency adjusting system of gasification furnace and working method thereof |
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| CN104974798A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-10-14 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Control method for operation of pulverized coal burner of pulverized coal pressure gasification reaction device |
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| CN104974798A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-10-14 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Control method for operation of pulverized coal burner of pulverized coal pressure gasification reaction device |
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