CN204345708U - A kind of biogas safe combustion control device - Google Patents
A kind of biogas safe combustion control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204345708U CN204345708U CN201420832852.2U CN201420832852U CN204345708U CN 204345708 U CN204345708 U CN 204345708U CN 201420832852 U CN201420832852 U CN 201420832852U CN 204345708 U CN204345708 U CN 204345708U
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Abstract
The utility model relates generally to a kind of biogas safe combustion control device, and it comprises burner, helps oxygen device, gas pipeline, intelligent controlling device, supercharging device; Described burner comprises burner, rifle of igniting; Above burner combustion mouth, be provided with ion bar flame detector, described supercharging device comprises roots blower one, roots blower two, spark arrester two, moisture trap, filter one, filter two; Described supercharging device is connected with methane-generating pit reserved opening by pipeline; Roots blower one outlet is provided with pressure switch two; The utility model, by the Based Intelligent Control of intelligent controlling device to supercharging device, burner, gas pipeline, achieves the safe combustion of biogas, is achieved the burning completely of combustion gas by fuzzy data control program; By the control of supercharging device, achieve stability and the reliability of fuel gas buring, by the monitoring to each instrument, valve, achieve the security of fuel gas buring.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of biogas combustion control device, is specifically related to a kind of biogas safe combustion control device.
Background technology
After the percolate station of present garbage incinerating power plant and Treatment of Sludge, a large amount of biogas is produced in reaction, and the main component of biogas is methane.Biogas is by 50% ~ 80% methane (CH4), 20% ~ 40% carbon dioxide (CO2), 0% ~ 5% nitrogen (N2), the hydrogen (H2) being less than 1%, the gas composition such as oxygen (O2) and 0.1% ~ 3% hydrogen sulfide (H2S) that is less than 0.4%.Because biogas contains a small amount of hydrogen sulfide, so slightly stink.Its characteristic is similar to natural gas.Density is 0.717kg/m
3, atmospheric density is 1.29kg/m
3, the main component methane of biogas is a kind of desirable gaseous fuel, namely can burn after mixing with appropriate air.The caloric value of every cubic metre of pure methane is 34000 kilojoules, and the caloric value of every cubic metre of biogas is about 20800-23600 kilojoule.Namely, after 1 cubic metre of biogas burns completely, the heat being equivalent to 0.7 kilogram of anthracite and providing can be produced; Compared with other combustion gas, its capability of antidetonance is better, is a kind of well clean fuel.The main processing ways of this part biogas is incorporated in incinerator by the biogas system of melting down to burn now, plays the effect of auxiliary combustion, increases the heat of combustion furnace; But need to prevent blow-up in the process utilizing biogas, how to avoid that negative pressure appears in methane-generating pit, biogas tempering enters in methane-generating pit to set off an explosion becomes the problem that the present invention mainly solves.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the present invention mainly provides a kind of flameholding, burning is easy to control, combustion completion, a kind of biogas safe combustion control device that efficiency of combustion is high.
A kind of biogas safe combustion control device comprises burner, helps oxygen device, gas pipeline, intelligent controlling device, supercharging device; Described burner comprises burner, rifle of igniting; Above burner combustion mouth, be provided with ion bar flame detector, below is provided with ultraviolet flame detectors; In described burner, the flow velocity of biogas is 120m/s; Described rifle of igniting is arranged on below burner combustion mouth; Pressure switch one is set after burner; Igniting, rifle lower end is provided with ignition coil; The pipeline be connected with rifle of igniting is provided with magnetic valve of igniting; The described oxygen device that helps comprises oxygen supply wind machine and oxygen supply wind pressure switch; Described intelligent controlling device comprises central control room and PLC control cabinet; Described gas pipeline is provided with low-pressure fuel gas switch, high-pressure gas switch, magnetic valve leak detection switch, electric flow control valve, quick action emergency valve one, quick action emergency valve two, flowmeter, spark arrester one; Described supercharging device comprises roots blower one, roots blower two, spark arrester two, moisture trap, filter one, filter two; Described supercharging device is connected with methane-generating pit reserved opening by pipeline; Roots blower one outlet is provided with pressure switch two; Roots blower two outlet is provided with pressure switch three; Methane-generating pit outlet is provided with pressure transmitter.
Described spark arrester one is arranged on burner gas pipeline below; Described spark arrester two is arranged between moisture trap and methane-generating pit reserved opening; Methane-generating pit reserved opening rear end is provided with Pressure gauge one; Gas pipeline is provided with Pressure gauge two; Described moisture trap is arranged on supercharging device front end; Moisture trap is connected with automatic sewage discharging device, is discharged by sewage by discharge outlet; Described filter one is arranged on roots blower one front end; Filter two is arranged on roots blower two front end; Described gas pipeline is also provided with emptying pipe, by emptying solenoid valve, gas pipeline is carried out emptying; Described ion bar flame detector and ultraviolet flame detectors are connected with central control room respectively and detect biogas combustion degree.
A kind of control method of biogas safe combustion control device comprises: A, female pipe are emptying; Before ignition combustion device, open female pipe emptying solenoid valve, roots blower to the biogas in pipeline and air gas mixture emptying, prevent lighting mist and set off an explosion; Purge before B, burner hearth; Have surplus biogas before causing burner hearth for preventing valve leaks biogas, burner opens oxygen supply wind machine before lighting, and purges burner hearth; C, quick action emergency valve are hunted leak; Closing quick action emergency valve, whether have biogas reveal generation, reveal generation, then start and reveal warning if had if utilizing magnetic valve leak detection switch to detect; If do not revealed, put rifle of igniting; D, fire defector; Open quick action emergency valve, burner combustion, utilizes ion bar flame detector and ultraviolet flame detectors to flame detecting, and as flame do not detected, then loss of ignition, starts and report to the police; As flame detected, then adjust flame; E, according to pressure transmitter feedback pressure by fuzzy data control program, the force value of biogas in pipeline is calculated, the numerical value calculated is exported by electric control valve, reach combustion gas regulate object; If the hypotony of pressure transmitter feedback, control methane-generating pit regulating butterfly valve regulates by PLC automatically, until be adjusted to satisfactory pressure limit; F, press stop button, close quick action emergency valve, carry out burner hearth post-purge, halt system.
A kind of control method of biogas safe combustion control device also comprises: 1, backfire control; Arrange high combustion rate burner on the burner, biogas reaches more than 120 meter per seconds at ejiction opening flow velocity, exceeds flame propagation velocity 90 meter per second, avoids tempering phenomenon with this; Pressure switch one is set after burner, once occur that tempering passes to PLC by pressure switch, by the twice quick action emergency valve on PLC emergency cut-off methane pipeline, to avoid tempering; Spark arrester is set after burner He on supercharging device, avoids tempering for physically; 2, vacuum cavitations; Detect pressure in methane-generating pit and keep pressure-fired, carry out warning interlock protection; Avoid finding time by methane quantity in pressure gauge after supercharging and flowmeter acquisition stream component analysis methane-generating pit; By analyzing pressure after supercharging and booster fan rotating speed, avoid occurring negative pressure in methane-generating pit; Increase moisture trap is stopped pressure in tank for sewage gas for physically and is occurred negative value.
Biogas exports through methane-generating pit reserved opening in methane-generating pit, at roots blower one, under the drive of roots blower two, biogas enters moisture trap, the steam comprised in biogas is separated, then filter one is entered, filter two, burner is entered through gas pipeline, under the effect of rifle of igniting, combustion gas is lighted, the signal of flame size is passed to central control room by ion bar flame detector and ultraviolet flame detectors, whether central control room accordingly signal calculating flame combustion degree satisfies the demand, if need to adjust flame size, PLC control cabinet remakes for electric flow control valve, roots blower one, roots blower two, oxygen supply wind machine, adjustment flow and wind-force, if magnetic valve leak detection switch detects that magnetic valve has gas leakage to occur, PLC control cabinet cuts off the supply of combustion gas in quick action emergency valve one and quick action emergency valve two according to the gas leakage signal function transmitted, Pressure gauge one be used for measure methane-generating pit outlet pressure, Pressure gauge two is used for measuring the pressure in the pipeline after supercharging, PLC control cabinet regulates the rotating speed of roots blower according to the numerical value that Pressure gauge one, Pressure gauge two are measured, the numerical value of Pressure gauge one is as main regulation signal, the numerical value of Pressure gauge two is as auxiliary adjustment signal, control the pressure of biogas in pressure in pipeline and methane-generating pit with this, judge the storage of biogas in methane-generating pit, avoid the harm produced because biogas in methane-generating pit is not enough, the pipeline of methane-generating pit outlet is DN200 stainless steel pipes, and after roots blower supercharging, mothercraft flow can reach 2400-2500m
3/ h, all adopts DN200 pipeline to the pipeline before biogas supercharging, to ensure maximum stream flow, in view of water in methane is divided too much, moisture trap is set before to biogas supercharging, is separated the moisture in biogas, moisture trap is connected with automatic sewage discharging device, by sewage draining exit, sewage is discharged, filter one, filter two are set before supercharging device, the impurity in pipeline is processed, the pressure that burner accident extinguishing causes raises, and the constant-voltage system of roots blower can be adjusted to normal value automatically, break down at pressure transmitter, pressure is when exceeding setting range, pressure switch two, pressure switch three can cut off the power supply of roots blower one and roots blower two automatically, to ensure system safety operation, the pressure transmitter of methane-generating pit outlet can the situation of insufficient pressure in automatic decision methane-generating pit, and system energy and alarm are informed, and when setting value halt system, during to guard against insufficient pressure, air enters biogas pipeline, avoids the accident of meeting accident.
In running, methane-generating pit needs to ensure pressure-fired, ensures biogas concentration, prevents air from entering in pond because of negative pressure; After methane-generating pit outlet, spark arrester is installed, ensures physics anti-backfire, a water seal buffer unit is set before supercharging equipment, to ensure that in methane-generating pit, pressure keeps the pressure-fired of safety; The situation of corrosive medium is contained according to methane quantity and biogas, methane-generating pit pipeline all adopts 304 stainless steels, and before methane-generating pit to supercharging device, depot siding adopts the pipeline of DN200 bore, pipe design telescopic joint, to reduce the load of booster fan, reduce electric quantity consumption.The roots blower pipeline be exported between boiler-burner adopts DN150 bore stainless steel pipes, and pipe design telescopic joint, also can keep certain pressure to enter stove time to ensure that methane quantity is little, enters stove combustion parts adopts DN100 bore pipeline to burner.
This burner have compact conformation, flameholding, adjustment than large, noise is low, flame spreadability is good, burning completely, burning is easy to the advantages such as control, main feature is:
1, the burner scope of application is wide, incendivity natural gas, liquefied gas, coke-stove gas, blast furnace gas, coal gas of converter, device in Gas and various cracking coal gas etc.;
2, burning completely, efficiency of combustion more than 99.5%, relatively old-fashioned burner energy-conservation more than 4%;
3, can realize high-intensity combustion, liberation can reach 1.2 × 104kcal/m3s;
4, flame export jet velocity is high, and flame rigidity is strong, wind resistance speed can reach 60m/s;
5, the shortcoming such as flame instability, coking, blocking caused because containing tar, impurity, liquid hydrocarbon etc. in combustion gas is overcome.Without tempering, de-fiery phenomenon;
6, the high-energy ignition system of design and installation dependable performance can be required to unify fire defector and warning according to user;
The control appliance of combustion furnace establishes program-control cabinet+touch-screen, a roots blower switch board of a SIEMENS PLC, respectively chain control is carried out to equipment such as the valve above refuse furnace pipeline, instrument and booster fans, accept DCS coherent signal simultaneously, at boiler, MFT occur or want to realize necessary operation when stopping biogas mixing and combust burning.Program control on-site control is arranged in scene, should be dust-proof, heat insulation, away from blast area.Switch board is the core of whole automatic control system, can complete automatic start-stop, automatically controls (the load simulation amount Signal Regulation according to DCS comes), ensures the burning completely of biogas; DCS system send program-control cabinet allow put into operation, methane-generating pit outlet pressure height and urgent stop command instruction adopt hardwire mode, requires that realizing automatic combustion according to methane-generating pit outlet pressure height controls.On-site control can complete on-site manual ignition operation, comprises hand switch valve etc.; On-site signal is given stored program controlled by IGNITION CONTROL dish on the spot.
System, when first time uses, when the air had in burning line and combustion gas mix, is lighted a fire when numerical value is within the scope of explosion limit, can be caused the generation of burning line implode accident.So must carry out air displacement when system first time uses, method can with nitrogen displacement or to sky discharge instrument detectable concentration.In use, burner hearth internal memory may be caused to have surplus combustion gas because of reasons such as valve leaks before igniting, if direct-fire, kiln can be caused to explode or detonation phenomenon, and therefore must carry out furnace purge before ignition, object is that the combustion gas that may have in burner hearth is drained.And confirm whether blower fan normally works by the blast switch arranged in pipeline, perfectly safe to ensure purging.Before ignition, in order to whether confirm gas emergency cut-off valve because failsafe valve or cause valve leak because of the impurity in pipeline.System must arrange valve automatic leak detection program, can light a fire, otherwise directly can cause explosion phenomenon to detect valve without any leakage.After furnace purge, gas control valve, oxygen supply wind valve are turned down to safety ignition position, then light a fire, otherwise combustion gas can be caused and oxygen supply wind is excessive misfires or appearance point fiery ring phenomenon.The duration of ignition is unsuitable long, if long-time igniting is unsuccessful, combustion gas can enter burner hearth in a large number, easily causes an explosion accident.So must be equipped with flame detecting device, to determine whether light a fire successfully within a certain period of time, if unsuccessful, program then enters again purge and carries out refire time.
How Timeliness coverage process is the main solution avoiding accident, and we are solved by following scheme:
(1) the unexpected too low and blast that causes of gaseous-pressure is prevented, we arrange a low-pressure fuel gas switch and high-pressure gas switch in burning line, detect the pressure of burning line at any time, once pressure occurs too low or too high, cut-out combustion gas is carried out under also not flame-out security situation, and alarm.
(2) the unexpected too high meeting of gaseous-pressure causes the combustion gas entering burner hearth to increase suddenly, and helping to foster air quantity can not follow up in time, causes combustion gas burn incompletely in burner hearth, has the combustion gas of excess enthalpy to enter after flue runs into air flue blast occurs.So same combustion gas high-voltage switch gear is set on burning line, detects the pressure of combustion gas in real time, when suddenly unexpected be elevated to dangerous values time, gas emergency cut-off valve then avoids accident to occur at 0.1 second internal cutting off valve.Gaseous-pressure height switch can also detect the tempering phenomenon because occurring when accidental cause causes furnace pressure too high simultaneously.
(3) combusted proportion control in gas ratio valve or help to foster air quantity valve when surprisingly breaking down, capital causes incomplete combustion phenomenon to occur, so we to be compared with the command signal of system by the position of valve feedback or the feedback signal of flow in systems in which and can solve this problem.Once occur, system can first alarm, and when reaching dangerous setting value, system can cut off quick action emergency valve automatically, and alarm operating personnel process.
(4) for occurring that in normal combustion unknown cause stops working suddenly, be requirement the most basic in combustion control system.Arrange on the burner flame detector at any time flame detection existence whether, when there is accident extinguishing, the signal that system provides according to flame detector cuts off quick action emergency valve automatically, avoids the generation of accident.
The burning completely of fuel utilizes and safely except having certain relation with burner, the sky in combustion control processes, combustion ratio are also very important.The complete Combustion System scheme of combustion gas is:
In Combustion System, if help to foster wind and fuel ratio bad no matter be that combustion gas is too much or very few, heat utilization all can be caused to waste.
(1) help to foster wind very few time
Help to foster wind very few time flame color Chinese red central temperature low, cause intensification excessively slow, when body of heater thermal balance is constant, then heat loss is too much, fuel can be caused simultaneously can not to burn completely because of anoxic and to occur wasting phenomenon, or occur that the explosion phenomenon caused because of second-time burning occurs.
(2) help to foster wind excessive time
Help to foster wind excessive time flame short and small bright, rearward, local temperature is too high for flame kernel temperature, is unfavorable for the utilization of heat in burner hearth, and easily occurs that the situation burning out furnace wall and burner occurs.
(3) optimal air-fuel ratio example
Optimal air-fuel ratio example, be calculate according to the oxygen often burnt required for unit kilocalorie fuel, the oxygen content in air is certain, is easy to the air capacity calculating 1 cube of fuel requirement like this.By system real-time fuel quantity with help to foster air quantity and carry out collection and compare, make fuel quantity by control valve and help to foster air quantity and reach optimum proportioning, make burning reach optimal combustion state.
Utilize fuzzy data control program to realize the burning completely of combustion gas; In control procedure, PLC is utilized to weave into database when debugging according to the data under difference different conditions, stored in PLC, temperature utilizes PID arithmetic to coordinate the data value in adder, subtracter direct called data storehouse to realize the steady control of temperature again as feed forward operation unit when controlling, and can fire box temperature be controlled within the deviation of 3 degrees Celsius in engineer applied.The obvious contraction state of temperature control curve is finally tending towards straight line.This kind of control program without the need to being equipped with combustion gas, mass air flow sensor can realize, and reduces the trouble point of enterprise investment and system.
The present invention, by the Based Intelligent Control of intelligent controlling device to supercharging device, burner, gas pipeline, achieves the safe combustion of biogas, is achieved the burning completely of combustion gas by fuzzy data control program; By the control of supercharging device, achieve stability and the reliability of fuel gas buring, by the monitoring to each instrument, valve, achieve the security of fuel gas buring.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of biogas safe combustion control device structural representation;
Fig. 2 is a kind of biogas safe combustion control device control method block diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of biogas safe combustion control device comprises burner, helps oxygen device, gas pipeline, intelligent controlling device (28), supercharging device; Described burner comprises burner (1), rifle of igniting; Above burner (1) port, be provided with ion bar flame detector (2), below is provided with ultraviolet flame detectors (3); The flow velocity of described burner (1) interior biogas is 120m/s; Described rifle of igniting is arranged on below burner (1) port; Pressure switch one (4) is set after burner (1); Igniting, rifle lower end is provided with ignition coil; The pipeline be connected with rifle of igniting is provided with magnetic valve of igniting (5); The described oxygen device that helps comprises oxygen supply wind machine (7) and oxygen supply wind pressure switch (6); Described intelligent controlling device (28) comprises central control room and PLC control cabinet; Described gas pipeline is provided with low-pressure fuel gas switch (29), high-pressure gas switch (30), magnetic valve leak detection switch (24), electric flow control valve (27), quick action emergency valve one (26), quick action emergency valve two (25), flowmeter (23), spark arrester one (8); Described supercharging device comprises roots blower one (10), roots blower two (9), spark arrester two (11), moisture trap (12), filter one (13), filter two (14); Described supercharging device is connected with methane-generating pit reserved opening (15) by pipeline; Roots blower one (10) outlet is provided with pressure switch two (16); Roots blower two (9) outlet is provided with pressure switch three (17); Methane-generating pit outlet is provided with pressure transmitter (19).
Described spark arrester one (8) is arranged on burner (1) gas pipeline below; Described spark arrester two (11) is arranged between moisture trap (12) and methane-generating pit reserved opening (15); Methane-generating pit reserved opening (15) rear end is provided with Pressure gauge one (18); Gas pipeline is provided with Pressure gauge two (20); Described moisture trap (12) is arranged on supercharging device front end; Moisture trap (12) is connected with automatic sewage discharging device, is discharged by sewage by discharge outlet; Described filter one (13) is arranged on roots blower one (10) front end; Filter two (14) is arranged on roots blower two (9) front end; Described gas pipeline is also provided with emptying pipe (21), by emptying solenoid valve (22), gas pipeline is carried out emptying; Described ion bar flame detector (2) and ultraviolet flame detectors (3) are connected with central control room respectively and detect biogas combustion degree.
A kind of control method of biogas safe combustion control device comprises: A, female pipe are emptying; Front at ignition combustion device (1), open female pipe emptying solenoid valve (22), roots blower to the biogas in pipeline and air gas mixture emptying, prevent lighting mist and set off an explosion; Purge before B, burner hearth; Have surplus biogas before causing burner hearth for preventing valve leaks biogas, burner (1) opens oxygen supply wind machine (7) before lighting, and purges burner hearth; C, quick action emergency valve are hunted leak; Closing quick action emergency valve, whether have biogas reveal generation, reveal generation if had if utilizing magnetic valve leak detection switch (24) to detect, then start and reveal warning; If do not revealed, put rifle of igniting; D, fire defector; Open quick action emergency valve, burner (1) burns, and utilizes ion bar flame detector (2) and ultraviolet flame detectors (3) to flame detecting, and as flame do not detected, then loss of ignition, starts and report to the police; As flame detected, then adjust flame; E, the pressure fed back according to pressure transmitter (19) are calculated the force value of biogas in pipeline by fuzzy data control program, and the numerical value calculated is exported by electric control valve, reach the object that combustion gas regulates; If the hypotony that pressure transmitter (19) feeds back, control methane-generating pit regulating butterfly valve regulates by PLC automatically, until be adjusted to satisfactory pressure limit; F, press stop button, close quick action emergency valve, carry out burner hearth post-purge, halt system.
A kind of control method of biogas safe combustion control device also comprises: 1, backfire control; Burner (1) arranges high combustion rate burner, and biogas reaches more than 120 meter per seconds at ejiction opening flow velocity, exceeds flame propagation velocity 90 meter per second, avoids tempering phenomenon with this; Pressure switch one (4) is set after burner (1), once occur that tempering passes to PLC by pressure switch, by the twice quick action emergency valve on PLC emergency cut-off methane pipeline, to avoid tempering; At burner (1), spark arrester is set afterwards with on supercharging device, avoids tempering for physically; 2, vacuum cavitations; Detect pressure in methane-generating pit and keep pressure-fired, carry out warning interlock protection; Avoid finding time by methane quantity in pressure gauge after supercharging and flowmeter (23) acquisition stream component analysis methane-generating pit; By analyzing pressure after supercharging and booster fan rotating speed, avoid occurring negative pressure in methane-generating pit; Increase moisture trap (12) is stopped pressure in tank for sewage gas for physically and is occurred negative value.
Biogas exports through methane-generating pit reserved opening (15) in methane-generating pit, at roots blower one (10), under the drive of roots blower two (9), biogas enters moisture trap (12), the steam comprised in biogas is separated, then filter one (13) is entered, filter two (14), burner (1) is entered through gas pipeline, under the effect of rifle of igniting, combustion gas is lighted, the signal of flame size is passed to central control room by ion bar flame detector (2) and ultraviolet flame detectors (3), whether central control room accordingly signal calculating flame combustion degree satisfies the demand, if need to adjust flame size, PLC control cabinet remakes for electric flow control valve (27), roots blower one (10), roots blower two (9), oxygen supply wind machine (7), adjustment flow and wind-force, magnetic valve leak detection switch (24) is if detect that magnetic valve has gas leakage to occur, and PLC control cabinet cuts off the supply of combustion gas in quick action emergency valve one (26) and quick action emergency valve two (25) according to the gas leakage signal function transmitted, Pressure gauge one (18) be used for measure methane-generating pit outlet pressure, Pressure gauge two (20) is used for measuring the pressure in the pipeline after supercharging, PLC control cabinet is according to Pressure gauge one (18), the numerical value that Pressure gauge two (20) is measured is to regulate the rotating speed of roots blower, the numerical value of Pressure gauge one (18) is as main regulation signal, the numerical value of Pressure gauge two (20) is as auxiliary adjustment signal, the pressure of biogas in pressure in pipeline and methane-generating pit is controlled with this, judge the storage of biogas in methane-generating pit, avoid the harm produced because biogas in methane-generating pit is not enough, the pipeline of methane-generating pit outlet is DN200 stainless steel pipes, and after roots blower supercharging, mothercraft flow can reach 2400-2500m
3/ h, all adopts DN200 pipeline to the pipeline before biogas supercharging, to ensure maximum stream flow, in view of water in methane is divided too much, moisture trap (12) is set before to biogas supercharging, is separated the moisture in biogas, moisture trap (12) is connected with automatic sewage discharging device, by sewage draining exit, sewage is discharged, filter one (13), filter two (14) are set before supercharging device, the impurity in pipeline is processed, the pressure that burner (1) accident extinguishing causes raises, and the constant-voltage system of roots blower can be adjusted to normal value automatically, break down at pressure transmitter (19), pressure is when exceeding setting range, pressure switch two (16), pressure switch three (17) can cut off the power supply of roots blower one (10) and roots blower two (9) automatically, to ensure system safety operation, the pressure transmitter (19) of methane-generating pit outlet can the situation of insufficient pressure in automatic decision methane-generating pit, system energy and alarm are informed, and when setting value halt system, during to guard against insufficient pressure, air enters biogas pipeline, avoids the accident of meeting accident.
In running, methane-generating pit needs to ensure pressure-fired, ensures biogas concentration, prevents air from entering in pond because of negative pressure; After methane-generating pit outlet, spark arrester is installed, ensures physics anti-backfire, a water seal buffer unit is set before supercharging equipment, to ensure that in methane-generating pit, pressure keeps the pressure-fired of safety; The situation of corrosive medium is contained according to methane quantity and biogas, methane-generating pit pipeline all adopts 304 stainless steels, and before methane-generating pit to supercharging device, depot siding adopts the pipeline of DN200 bore, pipe design telescopic joint, to reduce the load of booster fan, reduce electric quantity consumption.The roots blower pipeline be exported between boiler-burner (1) adopts DN150 bore stainless steel pipes, pipe design telescopic joint, also certain pressure can be kept time to ensure that methane quantity is little to enter stove, enter stove combustion parts adopts DN100 bore pipeline to burner (1).
This burner (1) have compact conformation, flameholding, adjustment than large, noise is low, flame spreadability is good, burning completely, burning is easy to the advantages such as control, main feature is:
1, burner (1) scope of application is wide, incendivity natural gas, liquefied gas, coke-stove gas, blast furnace gas, coal gas of converter, device in Gas and various cracking coal gas etc.;
2, burning completely, efficiency of combustion more than 99.5%, relatively old-fashioned burner (1) energy-conservation more than 4%;
3, can realize high-intensity combustion, liberation can reach 1.2 × 104kcal/m3s;
4, flame export jet velocity is high, and flame rigidity is strong, wind resistance speed can reach 60m/s;
5, the shortcoming such as flame instability, coking, blocking caused because containing tar, impurity, liquid hydrocarbon etc. in combustion gas is overcome.Without tempering, de-fiery phenomenon;
6, the high-energy ignition system of design and installation dependable performance can be required to unify fire defector and warning according to user;
The control appliance of combustion furnace establishes program-control cabinet+touch-screen, a roots blower switch board of a SIEMENS PLC, respectively chain control is carried out to equipment such as the valve above refuse furnace pipeline, instrument and booster fans, accept DCS coherent signal simultaneously, at boiler, MFT occur or want to realize necessary operation when stopping biogas mixing and combust burning.Program control on-site control is arranged in scene, should be dust-proof, heat insulation, away from blast area.Switch board is the core of whole automatic control system, can complete automatic start-stop, automatically controls (the load simulation amount Signal Regulation according to DCS comes), ensures the burning completely of biogas; DCS system send program-control cabinet allow put into operation, methane-generating pit outlet pressure height and urgent stop command instruction adopt hardwire mode, requires that realizing automatic combustion according to methane-generating pit outlet pressure height controls.On-site control can complete on-site manual ignition operation, comprises hand switch valve etc.; On-site signal is given stored program controlled by IGNITION CONTROL dish on the spot.
System, when first time uses, when the air had in burning line and combustion gas mix, is lighted a fire when numerical value is within the scope of explosion limit, can be caused the generation of burning line implode accident.So must carry out air displacement when system first time uses, method can with nitrogen displacement or to sky discharge instrument detectable concentration.In use, burner hearth internal memory may be caused to have surplus combustion gas because of reasons such as valve leaks before igniting, if direct-fire, kiln can be caused to explode or detonation phenomenon, and therefore must carry out furnace purge before ignition, object is that the combustion gas that may have in burner hearth is drained.And confirm whether blower fan normally works by the blast switch arranged in pipeline, perfectly safe to ensure purging.Before ignition, in order to whether confirm gas emergency cut-off valve because failsafe valve or cause valve leak because of the impurity in pipeline.System must arrange valve automatic leak detection program, can light a fire, otherwise directly can cause explosion phenomenon to detect valve without any leakage.After furnace purge, gas control valve, oxygen supply wind valve are turned down to safety ignition position, then light a fire, otherwise combustion gas can be caused and oxygen supply wind is excessive misfires or appearance point fiery ring phenomenon.The duration of ignition is unsuitable long, if long-time igniting is unsuccessful, combustion gas can enter burner hearth in a large number, easily causes an explosion accident.So must be equipped with flame detecting device, to determine whether light a fire successfully within a certain period of time, if unsuccessful, program then enters again purge and carries out refire time.
How Timeliness coverage process is the main solution avoiding accident, and we are solved by following scheme:
(1) the unexpected too low and blast that causes of gaseous-pressure is prevented, we arrange a low-pressure fuel gas switch (29) and high-pressure gas switch (30) in burning line, detect the pressure of burning line at any time, once pressure occurs too low or too high, cut-out combustion gas is carried out under also not flame-out security situation, and alarm.
(2) the unexpected too high meeting of gaseous-pressure causes the combustion gas entering burner hearth to increase suddenly, and helping to foster air quantity can not follow up in time, causes combustion gas burn incompletely in burner hearth, has the combustion gas of excess enthalpy to enter after flue runs into air flue blast occurs.So same combustion gas high-voltage switch gear is set on burning line, detects the pressure of combustion gas in real time, when suddenly unexpected be elevated to dangerous values time, gas emergency cut-off valve then avoids accident to occur at 0.1 second internal cutting off valve.Gaseous-pressure height switch can also detect the tempering phenomenon because occurring when accidental cause causes furnace pressure too high simultaneously.
(3) combusted proportion control in gas ratio valve or help to foster air quantity valve when surprisingly breaking down, capital causes incomplete combustion phenomenon to occur, so we to be compared with the command signal of system by the position of valve feedback or the feedback signal of flow in systems in which and can solve this problem.Once occur, system can first alarm, and when reaching dangerous setting value, system can cut off quick action emergency valve automatically, and alarm operating personnel process.
(4) for occurring that in normal combustion unknown cause stops working suddenly, be requirement the most basic in combustion control system.Burner (1) is arranged flame detector at any time flame detection existence whether, when there is accident extinguishing, the signal that system provides according to flame detector cuts off quick action emergency valve automatically, avoids the generation of accident.
The burning completely of fuel utilizes and safely except having certain relation with burner (1), the sky in combustion control processes, combustion ratio are also very important.The complete Combustion System scheme of combustion gas is:
In Combustion System, if help to foster wind and fuel ratio bad no matter be that combustion gas is too much or very few, heat utilization all can be caused to waste.
(1) help to foster wind very few time
Help to foster wind very few time flame color Chinese red central temperature low, cause intensification excessively slow, when body of heater thermal balance is constant, then heat loss is too much, fuel can be caused simultaneously can not to burn completely because of anoxic and to occur wasting phenomenon, or occur that the explosion phenomenon caused because of second-time burning occurs.
(2) help to foster wind excessive time
Help to foster wind excessive time flame short and small bright, rearward, local temperature is too high for flame kernel temperature, is unfavorable for the utilization of heat in burner hearth, and easily occurs that the situation burning out furnace wall and burner (1) occurs.
(3) optimal air-fuel ratio example
Optimal air-fuel ratio example, be calculate according to the oxygen often burnt required for unit kilocalorie fuel, the oxygen content in air is certain, is easy to the air capacity calculating 1 cube of fuel requirement like this.By system real-time fuel quantity with help to foster air quantity and carry out collection and compare, make fuel quantity by control valve and help to foster air quantity and reach optimum proportioning, make burning reach optimal combustion state.
Utilize fuzzy data control program to realize the burning completely of combustion gas; In control procedure, PLC is utilized to weave into database when debugging according to the data under difference different conditions, stored in PLC, temperature utilizes PID arithmetic to coordinate the data value in adder, subtracter direct called data storehouse to realize the steady control of temperature again as feed forward operation unit when controlling, and can fire box temperature be controlled within the deviation of 3 degrees Celsius in engineer applied.The obvious contraction state of temperature control curve is finally tending towards straight line.This kind of control program without the need to being equipped with combustion gas, mass air flow sensor can realize, and reduces the trouble point of enterprise investment and system.
The present invention to the Based Intelligent Control of supercharging device, burner, gas pipeline by intelligent controlling device (28), is achieved the safe combustion of biogas, is achieved the burning completely of combustion gas by fuzzy data control program; By the control of supercharging device, achieve stability and the reliability of fuel gas buring, by the monitoring to each instrument, valve, achieve the security of fuel gas buring.
Claims (2)
1. a biogas safe combustion control device comprise burner, help oxygen device, gas pipeline, intelligent controlling device (28), supercharging device; It is characterized in that: described burner comprises burner (1), rifle of igniting; Above burner (1) port, be provided with ion bar flame detector (2), below is provided with ultraviolet flame detectors (3); The flow velocity of described burner (1) interior biogas is 120m/s; Described rifle of igniting is arranged on below burner (1) port; Pressure switch one (4) is set after burner (1); Igniting, rifle lower end is provided with ignition coil; The pipeline be connected with rifle of igniting is provided with magnetic valve of igniting (5); The described oxygen device that helps comprises oxygen supply wind machine (7) and oxygen supply wind pressure switch (6); Described intelligent controlling device (28) comprises central control room and PLC control cabinet; Described gas pipeline is provided with low-pressure fuel gas switch (29), high-pressure gas switch (30), magnetic valve leak detection switch (24), electric flow control valve (27), quick action emergency valve one (26), quick action emergency valve two (25), flowmeter (23), spark arrester one (8); Described supercharging device comprises roots blower one (10), roots blower two (9), spark arrester two (11), moisture trap (12), filter one (13), filter two (14); Described supercharging device is connected with methane-generating pit reserved opening (15) by pipeline; Roots blower one (10) outlet is provided with pressure switch two (16); Roots blower two (9) outlet is provided with pressure switch three (17); Methane-generating pit outlet is provided with pressure transmitter (19).
2. a kind of biogas safe combustion control device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described spark arrester one (8) is arranged on burner (1) gas pipeline below; Described spark arrester two (11) is arranged between moisture trap (12) and methane-generating pit reserved opening (15); Methane-generating pit reserved opening (15) rear end is provided with Pressure gauge one (18); Gas pipeline is provided with Pressure gauge two (20); Described moisture trap (12) is arranged on supercharging device front end; Moisture trap (12) is connected with automatic sewage discharging device, is discharged by sewage by discharge outlet; Described filter one (13) is arranged on roots blower one (10) front end; Filter two (14) is arranged on roots blower two (9) front end; Described gas pipeline is also provided with emptying pipe (21), by emptying solenoid valve (22), gas pipeline is carried out emptying; Described ion bar flame detector (2) and ultraviolet flame detectors (3) are connected with central control room respectively and detect biogas combustion degree.
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| CN201420832852.2U CN204345708U (en) | 2014-12-24 | 2014-12-24 | A kind of biogas safe combustion control device |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104534508A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-22 | 潍坊思创环保设备有限公司 | Safe marsh gas combustion control device and method |
| CN106190826A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-12-07 | 刘宗磊 | A kind of biogas is monitored and controlled system |
| CN110822467A (en) * | 2019-11-24 | 2020-02-21 | 陕西北元化工集团股份有限公司 | Calcium carbide waste heat tail gas boiler combustion system |
| CN112524638A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-03-19 | 帕克环保技术(上海)有限公司 | Biogas combustion control system and method |
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2014
- 2014-12-24 CN CN201420832852.2U patent/CN204345708U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104534508A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-22 | 潍坊思创环保设备有限公司 | Safe marsh gas combustion control device and method |
| CN104534508B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-09-07 | 潍坊思创环保设备有限公司 | A kind of biogas safe combustion controls device and control method |
| CN106190826A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-12-07 | 刘宗磊 | A kind of biogas is monitored and controlled system |
| CN112524638A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-03-19 | 帕克环保技术(上海)有限公司 | Biogas combustion control system and method |
| CN112524638B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2024-01-30 | 帕克环保技术(上海)有限公司 | Biogas combustion control system and method |
| CN110822467A (en) * | 2019-11-24 | 2020-02-21 | 陕西北元化工集团股份有限公司 | Calcium carbide waste heat tail gas boiler combustion system |
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