CN106904920B - A kind of flame-retardant composite board and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
A kind of flame-retardant composite board and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106904920B CN106904920B CN201710149686.4A CN201710149686A CN106904920B CN 106904920 B CN106904920 B CN 106904920B CN 201710149686 A CN201710149686 A CN 201710149686A CN 106904920 B CN106904920 B CN 106904920B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
- C04B28/105—Magnesium oxide or magnesium carbonate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of flame-retardant composite board materials, each component comprising following parts by weight: 100 parts of light calcined magnesia, 30 ~ 50 parts of active aluminum oxide, 30 ~ 40 parts of gangue, 10 ~ 20 parts of silicon ash, 15 ~ 20 parts of flyash, 15 parts of exciting agent, 30 ~ 40 parts of basalt fibre, 35 ~ 45 parts of water, 1 ~ 2 part of water-reducing agent.The invention also discloses a kind of methods for preparing the flame-retardant composite board.It include the fit applications of suitable active constituent in flame-retardant composite board of the invention, silicon ash especially therein and flyash and basalt fibre toughening realize the high intensity of plate, fill gangue, avoid works contraction, realize that overall volume is stable, intensity is high, the quality of flame-retardant composite board is improved, can preferably be applied in different service conditions, improve the use value and use scope of flame-retardant composite board material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building engineering fields, are related to a kind of flame retardant section bar, and it is compound to refer specifically to a kind of gangue high-strength fire-retarding
Plate.
Background technique
Composite plate usually adds modified material by substrate of inorganic material at present, and inorganic material is mainly calcium silicates, chlorine
Oxygen magnesium cement etc. has the characteristics that non-ignitable, waterproof, moisture-proof, sound insulation, heat-insulated mainly by extrusion molding.In the dress of building
Decorations, template and application are more.
The above-mentioned advantage of fireproof inorganic composite plate makes that it is suitable for building decoration engineerings.However, traditional inorganic clad plate
Environmental-protecting performance is insufficient, in the long-term use can gradually release formaldehyde；Simultaneously itself mechanical property especially compression strength compared with
It is low, limit application of the inorganic clad plate in works.
Summary of the invention
That present invention aim to address inorganic clad plate environmental-protecting performances is insufficient, the lower works that should not be used in of compression strength
Problem provides a kind of fire-retardant composite plate, can be directly used for building structure, especially a kind of high-strength fire-retarding containing gangue
Composite plate, good environmental protection, manufacturing cost is low, should be widely promoted.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
A kind of flame-retardant composite board material, each component comprising following parts by weight: 100 parts of light calcined magnesia, three oxidation two of activity
30~50 parts of aluminium, 30~40 parts of gangue, 10~20 parts of silicon ash, 15~20 parts of flyash, 15 parts of exciting agent, basalt fibre 30
~40 parts, 35~45 parts of water, 1~2 part of water-reducing agent.
Preferably, MgO >=80% in the light calcined magnesia.
Gangue flame-retardant composite board material of the invention has the characteristics that high-strength, and can satisfy a variety of has composite board
The use of high requirement can be used for a long time since composite board raw materials of the invention are rationally environment friendly and pollution-free at component selections
Better stability and safety are kept in the process, will not release the toxic and harmful gas such as formaldehyde.Secondly, resistance of the invention
The bonding agent formulations activity for firing composite board application is good, and good stability can be realized satisfactory texture strength characteristics, guarantees fire-retardant
Composite plate is used directly for building structure.
Flame-retardant composite board material of the invention uses active constituent silicon ash and flyash, filling out using gangue as component
It fills, reduces contractibility, be conducive to volume stability, incorporation basalt fibre is conducive to the activeness and quietness and anti-flammability of plate
Energy.
Flame-retardant composite board recoverable waste material gangue of the invention, avoids kiln from firing and realizes formaldehyde zero-emission,
It is good for the environment, pouring molding saves the large scale equipment investment of extrusion, and the cost of raw material is lower.
Further, flame-retardant composite board material preferably includes each component of following parts by weight: 100 parts of light calcined magnesia, activity
35~45 parts of aluminum oxide, 30~40 parts of gangue, 12~18 parts of silicon ash, 16~20 parts of flyash, 15 parts of exciting agent, the Black Warrior
30~38 parts of rock fiber, 35~44 parts of water, 1~2 part of water-reducing agent.Inventor summarizes according to long-term research, for fire-retardant compound
The Ingredient Amount ratio of plate further optimize and revise so that the quality of flame-retardant composite board material further enhances, can
Preferably to realize the enhancing of comprehensive performance, the defect of existing general composite board is overcome, avoid deficiency, guarantee fire-retardant compound
In the engineering that plate preferably can be used to have higher requirements for fire-protection rating, safety, the decoration quality grade of engineering are improved.
Further, the light calcined magnesia is one kind by magnisite stone, shepardite and by mentioning in seawater or brine
The magnesium hydroxide Mg (OH) taken2, through 700~1000 DEG C of temperature lower calcination light calcined magnesias obtained.
Further, the silicon ash is called silicon powder, is also SILICA FUME or silicon dioxide ultrafine powder, is industrial processes
Middle SiO2With the oxygen rapid oxidation in Si gas and air and condense and the ultra-fine siliceous powder body material of one kind that is formed.
Further, the exciting agent is activity excitant, can be the mixture of one or more of exciting agents.The present invention
Exciting agent ingredient be sodium sulphate, have the characteristics that significantly improve low activity mixing material early strength, can be good at excite coal
The pozzolanic activity of spoil, flyash etc..
Further, the active aluminum oxide is also known as activated bauxite, is the solid material of a kind of porosity, high degree of dispersion
Material has very big surface area, aquation can occur with active silica in the presence of calcium hydroxide, ensure that hardening
The gain in strength of body and durability.
Further, the water-reducing agent is the water-reducing agent of polycarboxylic acids series, adaptable feature strong, water-reducing rate is high,
It can be satisfied with the expected requirement of engineering of the invention well, guarantee the quality of flame-retardant composite board more preferably.
Further.The gangue is the waste of discharge during coal mining process and coal washing, the solid through crushing and grinding
Particle, main component are Al2O3、SiO2.Preferred 0~10mm continuous grading gangue accumulates closer, the composite plate of production
Material intensity is higher.
Further, the compression strength 60MPa or more of the flame-retardant composite board.The pressure resistance of flame-retardant composite board of the invention
Degree reaches 60MPa or more, can be very good to meet the case where needing flame-retardant composite board material to provide part support force, for
Fire proof construction has great importance.
Further, the flexural strength 25MPa or more of the flame-retardant composite board.General flame-retardant composite board is to pass through gluing
What material bonded together, flexural strength is lower than 5MPa, is unable to satisfy and flame-retardant composite board is needed to provide part support or shearing resistance
Situation, using effect are bad.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of method for preparing the flame-retardant composite board, specifically provide below
The method of the preparation flame-retardant composite board material.
A method of preparing above-mentioned flame-retardant composite board, comprising the following steps:
(1) solid raw material is weighed by formula, the ingredient in addition to basalt fibre is ground, until passing through
40-100 μm of sieve preferably tails over≤10% using 80 μm of square hole screens, obtains solid material powder.
(2) at room temperature, solid material powder, basalt fibre, water and water-reducing agent mixing, stir evenly, obtain wait press
The slurry of system.
(3) slurry to be pressed is poured into and is touched in tool, compression moulding conserves to obtain gangue flame-retardant composite board, high intensity resistance
Fire composite plate.
The maintenance can be natural curing 28 days, or after final set 110 DEG C it is 24~48 hours steam-cured.
The flame-retardant composite board material that the method for the present invention is prepared is with good stability and structural strength
Advantage, and during producing and processing the flame-retardant composite board, each raw material are mutual because the sequence of charging is proper
Adverse effect is minimum, the quality after capable of being maximally maintained material forming.After the product maintenance being finally prepared is stablized,
The compression strength of flame-retardant composite board can reach 60MPa or more, and flexural strength can reach 25MPa or more, and have fire-retardant, sound insulation every
The effect of heat, can be applied to building structure and such as rescues channel.It is described it is steam-cured refer to steam curing, heated using steam mixed
Solidifying soil, keeps concrete rapid curing under conditions of higher temperature (60-90 DEG C) and higher levels of humidity (90% or more).
Further, the room temperature is 5 DEG C~30 DEG C of environment temperature.Reaction effect is good under room temperature environment, without additional
Preparation environmental Kuznets Curves, it is at low cost, easily carry out implement.
Further, the mold is steel mold.Steel mold is easily worked preparation, and the intensity of steel mold is high, processing
Obtained flame-proof sheet material flatness and density is preferable, and hole is few, there is certain promotion to make the performance boost of flame-retardant board
With.The daily maintenance of steel mold is also fairly simple, and staff, can be using extensive maintenance side according to actual need of work
Method is maintained.The steel form of damage can be searched out needed for a large amount of talents with repairing steel mold ability and maintenance
Appliance arrangement, material, be conveniently widely applied.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
It 1, include the fit applications of suitable active constituent, silicon ash especially therein in flame-retardant composite board of the invention
The high intensity of plate is realized with flyash and basalt fibre toughening, fills gangue, is avoided works contraction, is realized whole
Body volume stability, intensity are high.
2, in flame-retardant composite board of the invention, the use of gangue belongs to the recycling of renewable waste material, and prepares
Obtained composite plate is fired without kiln, low energy consumption and environment-friendly high-efficiency, and realizes formaldehyde zero-emission, is conducive to environmental protection.
3, the various raw material of flame-retardant composite board of the invention application are all very universal raw materials, control composite board material
Cost it is low, equipment investment is few, have biggish economic benefit.
4, preparation method is simple for flame-retardant composite board of the invention, can easily be implemented, and implement
Poisonous and harmful substance will not be generated in the process, and good environmental protection is small for the interference effect of the ambient enviroment of construction.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to test example and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should not be understood
It is all that this is belonged to based on the technology that the content of present invention is realized for the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments
The range of invention.Not specified ratio is weight ratio, including weight fraction ratio and weight percent in the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Flame-retardant composite board material, the component containing following parts by weight: 100 parts of light calcined magnesia, active aluminum oxide 30~
50 parts, 30~40 parts of gangue, 10~20 parts of silicon ash, 15~20 parts of flyash, 15 parts of exciting agent, basalt fibre 30~40
Part, 35~45 parts of water, 1~2 part of water-reducing agent.Wherein MgO >=80wt% in the light calcined magnesia.
Embodiment 2-6
It is similar with embodiment 1, it is prepared into using magnesia etc., the active Raw material processings such as aluminum oxide and gangue
To flame-retardant composite board, wherein the parts by weight for each component applied are as shown in the table.By testing its basic performance substantially
It is recorded in table 1.
The composition and proportionate relationship (part) of the flame-retardant composite board raw material of 1 embodiment 2-6 of table
| Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 | |
| Light calcined magnesia | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Active aluminum oxide | 42 | 30 | 45 | 40 | 50 |
| Gangue | 30 | 38 | 40 | 35 | 37 |
| Silicon ash | 12 | 20 | 10 | 15 | 18 |
| Flyash | 15 | 20 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
| Exciting agent | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Basalt fibre | 35 | 40 | 30 | 35 | 38 |
| Water | 36 | 41 | 44 | 40 | 35 |
| Water-reducing agent | 2 | 1.5 | 1 | 1.5 | 2 |
| Compression strength | 88.6 | 82.1 | 80.1 | 85.1 | 90.2 |
| Flexural strength | 25.7 | 29.5 | 21.7 | 23.5 | 27.5 |
As can be seen from the above table, when the mixing ratio of material is suitable for, it can preferably guarantee flame-retardant composite board material
The performance of material enables to meet inorganic compounding and prevents fires expected intensity index, is more suitable for various there are certain requirements intensity
Building use environment.
Embodiment 7-12
Prepare flame-retardant composite board
By the formula rate weighing for each raw material that table 2 records, the solid raw material in addition to basalt fibre is carried out
Milled processed preferably tails over≤10% using 80 μm of square hole screens, obtains solid material powder until passing through 40-100 μm of sieve
End.At room temperature, solid material powder, basalt fibre, water and water-reducing agent mixing, stir evenly, obtain slurry to be pressed.
It pours into and touches in tool, compression moulding conserves to obtain gangue high-strength fire-retarding composite plate.
Wherein embodiment 12 is mixed evenly at room temperature directly by formula weighing, obtains slurry to be pressed.It pours into and touches
In tool, compression moulding conserves to obtain gangue high-strength fire-retarding composite plate.
It is substantially also recorded in table 1 by testing its basic performance.
The composition and proportionate relationship (part) of the flame-retardant composite board raw material of 2 embodiment 7-12 of table preparation
| Embodiment 7 | Embodiment 8 | Embodiment 9 | Embodiment 10 | Embodiment 11 | Embodiment 12 | |
| Light calcined magnesia | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Active aluminum oxide | 43 | 36 | 43 | 41 | 38 | 37 |
| Gangue | 32 | 38 | 40 | 35 | 37 | 36 |
| Silicon ash | 14 | 17 | 13 | 15 | 18 | 16 |
| Flyash | 15 | 20 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 17 |
| Exciting agent | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Basalt fibre | 36 | 38 | 36 | 35 | 37 | 39 |
| Water | 37 | 42 | 43 | 40 | 38 | 40 |
| Water-reducing agent | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.5 |
| Room temperature conserves 28d | √ | √ | - | - | - | - |
| 110 DEG C steam-cured (h) | - | - | 24 | 36 | 48 | 32 |
| Compression strength | 91.7 | 90.1 | 82.1 | 83.5 | 77.6 | 69.5 |
| Flexural strength | 27.8 | 28.1 | 25.6 | 26.7 | 23.1 | 19.1 |
As can be seen from the above table, when preparing flame-retardant composite board, preparation method provided by the invention has been applied to it
When, for embodiment 2-6 overall performance, the performance of flame-retardant composite board material has a little further promotion, main
Show that flexural strength index significantly improves, be more suitable for it is various for intensity by necessarily required building use environment.
Comparative example 1-4
Prepare flame-retardant composite board
It carries out preparing flame-retardant composite board material using conventional technical means in the prior art, each raw material during preparation
Selecting for component is as shown in table 3 with applicable cases, also carries out test processes, analysis to the composite board material being prepared accordingly
Its whole performance change and expected intensity whether is reached.
The composition and proportionate relationship (part) of the flame-retardant composite board raw material of 3 embodiment 7-12 of table preparation
| Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | Comparative example 5 | |
| Light calcined magnesia | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Active aluminum oxide | 60 | 30 | 35 | ||
| Gangue | 40 | 25 | 35 | 35 | |
| Silicon ash | 14 | 15 | 13 | 15 | |
| Flyash | 15 | 10 | 17 | 17 | |
| Exciting agent | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Basalt fibre | 35 | 40 | 35 | 36 | 20 |
| Water | 40 | 45 | 43 | 40 | 40 |
| Water-reducing agent | 2 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Compression strength | 88.1 | 85.2 | 86.5 | 74.5 | 78.5 |
| Flexural strength | 26.7 | 27.1 | 22.1 | 23.5 | 24.1 |
Since flame-retardant composite board is at being grouped as and the embodiment of the present invention in the comparative example 1-2 it can be seen from above table 3
The difference of the component ratio of middle application causes it to occur different degrees of performance deterioration in the interlude of application, is unable to satisfy this
The performance for inventing expected fire proofing is also unable to reach us and wants the purpose realized.Comparative example 3-5 and implementation of the invention
Example is compared, and the component of application is different, directly results in the decline of flexural strength and compression strength, it is possible to find out the present invention
Flame-retardant composite board material selection and ingredient composition apply have important influence for the performance of composite plate, be not
Choose at random composition and the available expected effect of ratio.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of flame-retardant composite board material, each component comprising following parts by weight: 100 parts of light calcined magnesia, active aluminum oxide
30 ~ 50 parts, 30 ~ 40 parts of gangue, 10 ~ 20 parts of silicon ash, 15 ~ 20 parts of flyash, 15 parts of exciting agent, 30 ~ 40 parts of basalt fibre,
35 ~ 45 parts of water, 1 ~ 2 part of water-reducing agent；
MgO >=80% in the light calcined magnesia；
The compression strength 60Mpa or more of the flame-retardant composite board；
The flexural strength 25MPa or more of the flame-retardant composite board.
2. flame-retardant composite board material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that flame-retardant composite board material includes each group of following parts by weight
Point: 100 parts of light calcined magnesia, 35 ~ 45 parts of active aluminum oxide, 30 ~ 40 parts of gangue, 12 ~ 18 parts of silicon ash, flyash 16 ~
20 parts, 15 parts of exciting agent, 30 ~ 38 parts of basalt fibre, 35 ~ 44 parts of water, 1 ~ 2 part of water-reducing agent.
3. flame-retardant composite board material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the light calcined magnesia is one kind by natural magnesite
Ore, shepardite and the magnesium hydroxide by being extracted in seawater or brine, it is obtained light-burned through 700 ~ 1000 DEG C of temperature lower calcinations
Magnesia.
4. flame-retardant composite board material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the water-reducing agent is the diminishing of polycarboxylic acids series
Agent.
5. flame-retardant composite board material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the gangue is coal mining process and coal washing process
The waste of middle discharge, the solid particle through crushing and grinding, main component are Al2O3、SiO2。
6. a kind of method for preparing any flame-retardant composite board of claim 1-5, comprising the following steps:
(1) solid raw material is weighed by formula, the ingredient in addition to basalt fibre is ground, until passing through 40-100
μm sieve, obtain solid material powder；
(2) at room temperature, solid material powder, basalt fibre, water and water-reducing agent are mixed, stirs evenly, obtains to be pressed
Slurry；
(3) slurry to be pressed is poured into and is touched in tool, compression moulding conserves to obtain gangue flame-retardant composite board.
7. preparing the method for above-mentioned flame-retardant composite board as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the maintenance is natural curing
28 days, or after final set 110 DEG C it is 24~48 hours steam-cured.
8. preparing the method for above-mentioned flame-retardant composite board as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the room temperature is 5 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C
Environment temperature.
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