CN106903552B - Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method under machine tool chief axis actual cut state - Google Patents
Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method under machine tool chief axis actual cut state Download PDFInfo
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- CN106903552B CN106903552B CN201710233768.7A CN201710233768A CN106903552B CN 106903552 B CN106903552 B CN 106903552B CN 201710233768 A CN201710233768 A CN 201710233768A CN 106903552 B CN106903552 B CN 106903552B
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- monitoring system
- drive mechanism
- machine tool
- runing rest
- chief axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
Abstract
Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state, the system includes support frame, the fixed mechanism of installation on the support frame, translating bracket, translational drive mechanism, runing rest, rotary drive mechanism, displacement sensor and control device, displacement sensor is preferably LVDT displacement sensor, control device and translational drive mechanism, rotary drive mechanism, displacement sensor passes through connection, fixed mechanism is fixedly mounted on lathe for that will monitor system, preferably, lathe bed vibration is also isolated in fixed mechanism, translational drive mechanism driving translating bracket makees translational motion, runing rest is mounted on translating bracket, displacement sensor is mounted on runing rest, rotary drive mechanism driving runing rest rotates.The present invention can be realized the precise measurement deformed to Thermal-mechanical Coupling under machine tool chief axis actual cut state, to help to effectively improve machine finish, improve production process intelligence and level of security.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and methods under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state.
Background technique
Numerically-controlled machine tool is the important foundation of industry manufacture, and machine finish is one of key technology of lathe.In numerical control
During machine tooling, thermal deformation caused by the unbalanced temperature rise of each component of lathe sends out the relative position between cutter and workpiece
Variation is given birth to；Cutting force acts on lower main shaft and power deformation occurs, and causes to allow knife.According to statistics, numerical control machining tool heat error accounts for about overall error
50%~70%, power error accounts for about the 10%~15% of overall error.To the Thermal-mechanical Coupling under machine tool chief axis actual cut state
Error is studied accurate, the safety monitoring especially realized and deformed to Thermal-mechanical Coupling under machine tool chief axis actual cut state, energy
Machine finish is enough effectively improved, biggish economic benefit is generated.
It is many to the research achievement of machine tool chief axis mismachining tolerance at present, but have the disadvantage that 1. most of error researchs
It is to be carried out under machine tool chief axis dry run condition, only considered the influence of main shaft thermal deformation, do not account for the influence of cutting force,
Research achievement is difficult to apply in actual production；2. in the mismachining tolerance research under machine tool chief axis actual cut state, often
Using the method for carrying out error decoupling based on workpieces processing error measurement, this method calculates complexity, and reliability is low.Therefore
It needs to design and develop Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state, effectively improves industrial production water
It is flat.
Summary of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state
Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method, solution do not account for the deformation of main shaft cutting force, actual cut shape in the prior art
The problem of main shaft Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation measurement difficulty under state.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state, including it is support frame, fixed mechanism, flat
Move bracket, translational drive mechanism, runing rest, rotary drive mechanism, displacement sensor and control device, the displacement sensing
Device is preferably LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer, linear variable difference transformer) displacement
Sensor, the fixed mechanism, the translating bracket, the translational drive mechanism, the runing rest and rotation driving
Mechanism is mounted on support frame as described above, the control device and the translational drive mechanism, the rotary drive mechanism, institute's rheme
Displacement sensor is by connection, and the fixed mechanism is used to the monitoring system being fixedly mounted on lathe, it is preferable that institute
It states fixed mechanism and lathe bed vibration is also isolated, the translational drive mechanism is coupled to the translating bracket to drive the translating bracket
Make translational motion, the runing rest is mounted on the translating bracket, and institute's displacement sensors are mounted on the runing rest
On, the rotary drive mechanism is coupled to the runing rest to drive the runing rest to rotate.
Further:
Support frame as described above includes main beam and the branch arm to extend out from main beam, the branch arm and the main cross
Beam forms angle, it is preferable that support frame as described above is made of carbon fiber bar.
The fixed mechanism includes the first magnet base being arranged in the branch arm, the first vibration isolator and is arranged in institute
State the second magnet base, the second vibration isolator and third magnet base, the third vibration isolator on main beam, it is first magnet base, described
Second magnet base and the third magnet base are first vibration isolator, second vibration isolator, described for adsorbing bed piece
Third vibration isolator is for being isolated lathe bed vibration.
The translational drive mechanism includes that the first steering engine, gear and rack teeth mechanism, first straight line guide rail and second straight line are led
Rail, the gear and rack teeth mechanism include gear and the rack gear that engages with the rack gear, the shaft of first steering engine and the tooth
Wheel coaxial line interference fit is to drive the gear to rotate, and the rack gear is mounted on the translating bracket, the translating bracket
It is mounted on the first straight line guide rail and the second straight line guide rail by sliding block, the first steering engine wheel passes through the gear
Rackwork drives the translating bracket to make translational motion along the first straight line guide rail and the second straight line guide rail.
The rotary drive mechanism includes the second steering engine and shaft, and second steering engine and the shaft are connected by shaft coupling
It connects, the shaft is connected with the runing rest, and second steering engine drives the runing rest to rotate by the shaft
Movement.
The control device includes the master control borad being mounted on support frame as described above, and the master control borad controls the driven in translation
The position of mechanism and the rotary drive mechanism displacement sensors to adjust and posture receive the survey of institute's displacement sensors
Data are measured, and early warning is carried out to lathe unusual condition.
Measurement data is stored on the master control borad in the SD card of grafting by the master control borad.
The positions of institute's displacement sensors and posture are controlled so that measurement direction face and perpendicular to machine in monitoring process
Bed spindle axis line.
Support frame as described above is the modular construction of adjustable assembling mode, and preferably each section is bolted, and passes through difference
Assembling mode realize under machine tool chief axis actual cut state three directions of x, y, z Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation measurement, preferably
Ground, support frame as described above are provided with multiple reinforcing ribs.
Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation monitoring method under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state, using the monitoring system to lathe
Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation is monitored under main shaft actual cut state.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM uses electromechanical integration mode under machine tool chief axis actual cut state of the invention,
By the measurement data of the preferred LVDT displacement sensor of control device such as master control borad real-time reception displacement sensor, and control accordingly
Translational drive mechanism and rotary drive mechanism, posture and position to LVDT displacement sensor are accurately adjusted, and surveyed number is made
According to accurate reliable；It is preferred that lathe bed vibration isolation is improved system stability and measurement accuracy by vibration isolator；It is preferred that adjusting
LVDT displacement sensor makes measurement direction face and perpendicular to machine tool chief axis axial line, improves institute's measured data accuracy and reliable
Property；Monitoring system of the invention can improve production process intelligence and level of security to the timely early warning of lathe unusual condition；It deposits
Measurement data is stored up, Study on Error Compensation accumulation experimental data is closed for machine tool chief axis thermo-mechanical Coupled and measurement data is preferably stored in master control
On plate in the SD card of grafting.The present invention solves Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation under machine tool chief axis actual cut state and is difficult to the difficulty measured
Topic moves towards industrial production with practical significance to machine tool error compensation technique.
A preferred embodiment of the invention has the advantages that posture and position using master control borad to LVDT displacement sensor
It sets and is controlled, the response such as early warning, storage is carried out to measurement data, improves Automation of Manufacturing Process, intelligent level；Using
LVDT displacement sensor measures the Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation under actual cut state, in the severe ring for having chip and cutting fluid
It still is able to work normally in border.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention further has following advantage: each composition components of support frame are by carbon fiber
Bar composition, since the thermal expansion coefficient of carbon fiber bar is small, density is small, and intensity is high, therefore support frame thermal deformation and power deformation are very
It is small；It is bolted, installs, dismantles flexibly and easily；It can be realized respectively by different assembling modes to machine tool chief axis
The precise measurement of the Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation in three directions of x, y, z, economical and efficient under actual cut state.
The present invention can be realized the essence to the Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation in three directions of x, y, z under machine tool chief axis actual cut state
Really measurement accumulates experimental data for Thermal-mechanical Coupling Study on Error Compensation, and to the timely early warning of unusual condition in process, from
And help to effectively improve machine finish, improve production process intelligence and level of security.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of present invention monitoring system embodiment；
Fig. 2 is scheme of installation of the present invention monitoring system embodiment on lathe；
Fig. 3 is the work flow diagram of present invention monitoring system embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the measuring principle figure of present invention monitoring system embodiment.
Numbering in the drawing explanation: the first magnet base of 1-, the first vibration isolator of 2-, the second magnet base of 3-, the second vibration isolator of 4-, 5-
Third magnet base, 6- third vibration isolator, 7- support frame, the first steering engine of 8-, 9- shaft, 10- runing rest, 11- fixture, 12-
LVDT displacement sensor, 13- first straight line guide rail, 14- second straight line guide rail, 15- translating bracket, the second steering engine of 16-, 17- tooth
It takes turns rackwork, 18- master control borad, 19- and monitors system, 20- platen, 21- machine tool chief axis.
Specific embodiment
It elaborates below to embodiments of the present invention.It is emphasized that following the description is only exemplary,
The range and its application being not intended to be limiting of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state, including the first magnetic force
Seat the 1, first vibration isolator 2, the second magnet base 3, the second vibration isolator 4, third magnet base 5, third vibration isolator 6, support frame 7, first
Steering engine 8, shaft 9, runing rest 10, fixture 11, LVDT displacement sensor 12, first straight line guide rail 13, second straight line guide rail 14,
Translating bracket 15, the second steering engine 16, gear and rack teeth mechanism 17, master control borad 18.All components of monitoring system are installed in support
On frame 7；Magnet base 1,3,5 is mounted on lathe (such as lathe bed column fixation for adsorbing bed piece, by monitoring system robust
In structure)；Vibration isolator 2,4,6 is separately positioned between magnet base 1,3,5 and support frame 7, for lathe bed vibration to be isolated；Master control borad
18 and first steering engine 8, the second steering engine 16, LVDT displacement sensor 12 pass through connection；Second steering engine, 16 shaft and gear teeth
The gear coaxial line interference fit of mechanism 17, driving rack-and-pinion movement；The rack gear of gear and rack teeth mechanism 17 is mounted on translation
On bracket 15, translating bracket 15 is driven to do translational motion；Translating bracket 15 is mounted in linear guide 13,14 by sliding block；Rotation
Turn bracket 10 to be mounted on translating bracket 15, be connected with shaft 9；LVDT displacement sensor 12 is mounted on rotation branch by fixture 11
On frame 10；First steering engine 8 is connect with shaft 9 by shaft coupling, and driving runing rest 10 makes rotating motion.
Master control borad can use ARM920T, for receiving the measurement data of LVDT displacement sensor, the first steering engine of control,
The movement of second steering engine, posture and position to LVDT displacement sensor accurately adjusted, make measurement direction face and perpendicular to
Machine tool chief axis axial line is stored on master control borad in the SD card of grafting to the timely early warning of lathe unusual condition, and by measurement data.
Vibration isolator can use spring vibration-isolator.
First steering engine, the second steering engine can use M0300 steering engine.
LVDT displacement sensor can use the 851ST301F displacement sensor of PETER HIRT GmbH company.
In a preferred embodiment, the carbon fiber that each composition components of support frame are small by thermal expansion coefficient, density is small, intensity is high
Bar composition is tieed up, support frame thermal deformation and power deform equal very little；It is bolted, installs, dismantles flexibly and easily；It can pass through
Different assembling modes is realized respectively to the Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation in three directions of x, y, z under machine tool chief axis actual cut state
Precise measurement；Preferably, there are multiple reinforcing ribs, for improving support frame structure strength and stiffness.
Before work, first the support frame 7 of monitoring system is assembled.It, can be real respectively by different assembling modes
Now to the measurement of the Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation in three directions of x, y, z under machine tool chief axis actual cut state.
In one embodiment, the assembling mode of use is used to measure the Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation in the direction machine tool chief axis y, such as schemes
Shown in 2.
Process when work is as shown in Figure 3.The first step is the preparation stage, is powered on to main controller 18, receives LVDT displacement and passes
The feedback signal of sensor 12 drives the first steering engine 8, the rotation of the second steering engine 16 based on the feedback signal.LVDT displacement sensing when initial
Device measurement direction is pose P1, as shown in Figure 4.Measurement direction is not aligned with spindle axis line A at this time, also not perpendicular to spindle shaft
Heart line A.Main controller 18 drives the rotation of the second steering engine 16 first, and the second steering engine 16 drives translating bracket by gear and rack teeth mechanism 17
15 do translational motion along x-axis on first straight line guide rail 13, second straight line guide rail 14, until the measurement data of feedback is minimum, this
When LVDT displacement sensor direction face machine tool chief axis axial line A, as shown in pose P2 in Fig. 4；Then main controller 18 drives
Dynamic first steering engine 8 rotation, the first steering engine 8 drives runing rest 10 to make rotating motion by shaft 9, until the measurement data of feedback
Minimum, LVDT displacement sensor direction face and perpendicular to machine tool chief axis axial line A at this time, as shown in pose P3 in Fig. 4.
The first vibration isolator 2, the second vibration isolator 4, third vibration isolator 6 use spring vibration-isolator in the present embodiment, can be effectively isolated lathe bed
High-frequency vibration；First steering engine 8, the second steering engine 16 use M0300 steering engine, and light structure is easy for installation, and position resolution reaches
0.09 °, control precision is high；LVDT displacement sensor can use the 851ST301F displacement sensing of PETER HIRT GmbH company
Device, measurement stroke are ± 2.0mm, and resolution ratio is 0.06 μm, and repeatability is 0.01 μm, can have the severe of chip and cutting fluid
It is worked normally in environment.Second step is working stage, and processing program is copied into Control System of NC Machine, starts lathe after lathe
Workbench 20 is acted according to processing program, and machine tool chief axis 21 only makes rotating motion, and carries out cutting test to test specimen.LVDT displacement passes
Measuring signal is fed back to main controller 18 in real time by sensor 12, when machine tool chief axis thermo-mechanical Coupled fastening deformation is more than some danger threshold,
Main controller 18 will sound an alarm, and experimenter is notified to handle unusual service condition in time.When measuring signal is in safe range,
Main controller 18 stores institute's measured data into the SD card of institute's grafting thereon, is the Thermal-mechanical Coupling under machine tool chief axis actual cut state
Study on Error Compensation accumulates experimental data.
The embodiment of the present invention has already passed through stringent test and verification, and function is all realized, has reliable performance, accurately
Degree height, feature at low cost.
The above content is combine it is specific/further detailed description of the invention for preferred embodiment, cannot recognize
Fixed specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some replacements or modifications can also be made to the embodiment that these have been described,
And these substitutions or variant all shall be regarded as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state, which is characterized in that including support frame, admittedly
Determine mechanism, translating bracket, translational drive mechanism, runing rest, rotary drive mechanism, displacement sensor and control device, institute
Fixed mechanism, the translating bracket, the translational drive mechanism, the runing rest and the rotary drive mechanism is stated to be mounted on
On support frame as described above, the control device and the translational drive mechanism, the rotary drive mechanism, institute's displacement sensors are logical
Connection is crossed, the fixed mechanism is used to the monitoring system being fixedly mounted on lathe, the translational drive mechanism coupling
The translating bracket is closed to drive the translating bracket to make translational motion, the runing rest is mounted on the translating bracket
On, institute's displacement sensors are mounted on the runing rest, and the rotary drive mechanism is coupled to the runing rest to drive
The runing rest is moved to rotate.
2. monitoring system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute's displacement sensors are LVDT displacement sensor.
3. monitoring system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that lathe bed vibration is also isolated in the fixed mechanism.
4. monitoring system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that support frame as described above includes main beam and prolongs from main beam
The branch arm stretched, the branch arm and the main beam form angle.
5. monitoring system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that support frame as described above is made of carbon fiber bar.
6. monitoring system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the fixed mechanism includes being arranged in the branch arm
The first magnet base, the first vibration isolator and the second magnet base being arranged on the main beam, the second vibration isolator and third magnetic
Power seat, third vibration isolator, first magnet base, second magnet base and the third magnet base are for adsorbing machine tool
Body, first vibration isolator, second vibration isolator, the third vibration isolator are for being isolated lathe bed vibration.
7. such as monitoring system described in any one of claim 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the translational drive mechanism includes first
Steering engine, gear and rack teeth mechanism, first straight line guide rail and second straight line guide rail, the gear and rack teeth mechanism include gear and with institute
The rack gear of rack gear engagement is stated, the shaft of first steering engine and the gear coaxial line are interference fitted to drive the gear to turn
Dynamic, the rack gear is mounted on the translating bracket, the translating bracket by sliding block be mounted on the first straight line guide rail with
On the second straight line guide rail, the first steering engine wheel drives the translating bracket along described the by the gear and rack teeth mechanism
One linear guide and the second straight line guide rail make translational motion.
8. such as monitoring system described in any one of claim 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the rotary drive mechanism includes second
Steering engine and shaft, second steering engine are connect with the shaft by shaft coupling, and the shaft is connected with the runing rest, institute
It states the second steering engine and drives the runing rest to rotate by the shaft.
9. such as monitoring system described in any one of claim 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the control device includes being mounted on institute
The master control borad on support frame is stated, it is described to adjust that the master control borad controls the translational drive mechanism and the rotary drive mechanism
The position of displacement sensor and posture receive the measurement data of institute's displacement sensors, and carry out early warning to lathe unusual condition.
10. the monitoring system as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that measurement data is stored in the master by the master control borad
It controls on plate in the SD card of grafting.
11. such as monitoring system described in any one of claim 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the position of institute's displacement sensors and appearance
State is controlled so that measurement direction face and perpendicular to machine tool chief axis axial line in monitoring process.
12. such as monitoring system described in any one of claim 1 to 5, which is characterized in that support frame as described above is adjustable assembling mode
Modular construction, the heat to three directions of x, y, z under machine tool chief axis actual cut state is realized by different assembling mode
The measurement of couple of force fastening deformation.
13. monitoring system as claimed in claim 12, which is characterized in that each section of the modular construction is connected by bolt
It connects.
14. monitoring system as claimed in claim 12, which is characterized in that support frame as described above is provided with multiple reinforcing ribs.
15. Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation monitoring method under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state, which is characterized in that wanted using such as right
Any one of 1 to the 14 monitoring system is asked to be monitored Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation under machine tool chief axis actual cut state.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710233768.7A CN106903552B (en) | 2017-04-11 | 2017-04-11 | Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method under machine tool chief axis actual cut state |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710233768.7A CN106903552B (en) | 2017-04-11 | 2017-04-11 | Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method under machine tool chief axis actual cut state |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106903552A CN106903552A (en) | 2017-06-30 |
| CN106903552B true CN106903552B (en) | 2018-12-14 |
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| CN201710233768.7A Expired - Fee Related CN106903552B (en) | 2017-04-11 | 2017-04-11 | Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method under machine tool chief axis actual cut state |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109000610A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-14 | 厦门百霖净水科技有限公司 | A kind of detection device and measurement method measuring contraction distortion |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT383534B (en) * | 1985-04-18 | 1987-07-10 | Heid Ag Maschf | MEASURING DEVICE ON MACHINE TOOLS |
| JP2009125852A (en) * | 2007-11-22 | 2009-06-11 | Murata Mach Ltd | Machine tool and sensor module |
| CN103231279B (en) * | 2013-05-04 | 2016-04-06 | 北京工业大学 | Machine tool chief axis dynamic checkout unit under a kind of numerical control machine tool cutting state |
| CN103801988A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-21 | 南通大学 | Monitoring system for thermal error of machine tool spindle |
| CN103868693B (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2016-06-15 | 清华大学 | The analysis integrated experimental apparatus for testing of a kind of mechanical main shaft system heat |
| CN104708495B (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2017-03-15 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of two link-type ball bar of space based on spherical hinge |
| CN105108583B (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2017-08-11 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Based on vibration isolation type electric vortex sensor measuring dynamic milling power apparatus and measuring method |
| CN105300681B (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2018-03-30 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of electro spindle temperature and heat distortion test device |
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