CN106903179B - A kind of uniaxial device and method for squeezing two-tube mouth and shaping simultaneously - Google Patents
A kind of uniaxial device and method for squeezing two-tube mouth and shaping simultaneously Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106903179B CN106903179B CN201610868471.3A CN201610868471A CN106903179B CN 106903179 B CN106903179 B CN 106903179B CN 201610868471 A CN201610868471 A CN 201610868471A CN 106903179 B CN106903179 B CN 106903179B
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- extrusion cylinder
- ejector pin
- ozzle
- blank
- upper ejector
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
- B21C23/212—Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
- B21C23/217—Tube extrusion presses
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of uniaxial device and method for squeezing two-tube mouth while forming, belongs to band ozzle posted sides pipeline manufacturing field.The device includes extruder and pressurizing unit with lift cylinder, and pressurizing unit includes that upper ejector pin, lower push rod, extrusion cylinder and extrusion cylinder housing, pressurizing unit are mounted on extruder, and lift cylinder drives extrusion cylinder housing to move in vertical direction；Extrusion cylinder housing lock ring extrusion cylinder, extrusion cylinder are moved with extrusion cylinder housing；The device realizes the flowing of metal in blank by upper and lower mandril to the extruding of blank.It squeezes metal when starting and is full of type chamber, frictionally moves blank, extrusion cylinder together；When inflating completion, top fitting upper metal flows to top fitting, and lower ozzle lower-lying metal flows to lower ozzle, and the metal between upper and lower ozzle, is zero relative to blank speed.The present invention can direct forming inner bore of pipeline and ozzle inner hole, improve the structural strength at ozzle, improve mechanics of metal and structure property, improve stock utilization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to band ozzle posted sides pipeline manufacturing field, particularly relate to a kind of uniaxial squeeze what two-tube mouth shaped simultaneously
Device and method.
Background technique
Large-scale two-tube mouth posted sides pipeline is widely used in the fields such as nuclear power, thermoelectricity, but since its volume size is larger, shape
Feature is also complex, and ozzle and pipe connection portion position performance requirement are high, how to obtain ideal large-scale two-tube mouth pipeline at
The a great problem of pipeline manufacturing field.So far, the method for the large-scale two-tube mouth pipeline of manufacture substantially has following three kinds: one is
By the method for forging, solid blanks flat-die forging is shaped to obtain the solid blanks with solid boss conduit profile, then
It is machined inner bore of pipeline and ozzle inner hole.This method heating fire time is more, process is tedious cause production efficiency lowly, material
Utilization rate is low, the high pipeline structure property of energy consumption is poor.Second is to manufacture pipe by extrusion technique based on drawing process,
And pre-manufactured hole is provided on pipe, to, by drawbench draft, extraction flange, later period add at pre-manufactured hole after heating at pre-manufactured hole
Work is at ozzle.This method is only applicable to the not high pipeline of ozzle height, and properties of product are unstable after forming, and quality is difficult to
Guarantee.Shaped ozzle is welded on pipe by the third method by welding procedure to be shaped.This method ozzle and
Pipeline junction anticorrosion stress-resistant and intensity are low, and service life is caused to greatly shorten.Although three of the above method can obtain
To the pipeline with ozzle, but all there is certain deficiency, is not the desirable technique of the large-scale two-tube mouth pipeline of manufacture.Thus send out
A kind of device of bright new two-tube mouth pipeline of large size, and its technique is designed and is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of uniaxial device and methods for squeezing two-tube mouth and shaping simultaneously, originally
Invention is based on extrusion molding principle, proposes the technological process of extruding of " single shaft squeezes, and two-tube mouth shapes simultaneously ".Using being squeezed into
The deformability of blank not only can be improved in shape technique, but also it is excellent to make drip molding have that dimensional accuracy is high, surface quality is good etc.
Point improves the comprehensive performance of part.Ozzle method up and down is proposed while shaped on this basis, ensure that part performance is continuous
Uniformly.The invention can be widely applied to main nuclear power pipeline field.
The device includes extruder and pressurizing unit, and with oil cylinder, pressurizing unit includes upper ejector pin, extrusion cylinder, squeezes extruder
Pressure cylinder housing and lower push rod are fixed by extrusion cylinder housing lock ring outside extrusion cylinder, and upper ejector pin upper end passes through fixed plate and extruder
Upper beam is connected, and lower push rod lower end is connected by fixed plate with extruder lower platform, and upper ejector pin lower part connects upper ejector pin plug, blank
Bore at an angle to each other there are two opening between upper ejector pin plug and extrusion cylinder, on extrusion cylinder, is divided into preceding extruding along bore
Cylinder and rear extrusion cylinder two parts, top fitting plug pass through another by bore center and upper ejector pin core rod touch, lower ozzle plug
A bore center and upper ejector pin core rod touch, oil cylinder drive extrusion cylinder housing to move in vertical direction.
Wherein, upper ejector pin plug length is slightly larger than required shaped pipe length.
Fillet is equipped at two bore of extrusion cylinder.
The through-hole that Radius is equal to upper ejector pin plug (2) radius is opened at lower push rod center, is squeezed downwards for upper ejector pin
Be pressed into.
The axis coincidence of upper ejector pin, upper ejector pin plug, lower push rod, the opened hole of lower push rod, blank and extrusion cylinder.
The method that the device that two-tube mouth shapes simultaneously is formed is squeezed using the single shaft, is included the following steps:
(1) it is hung onto after assembling whole device on extruder lower platform, it is empty to be transported to extruder opening by lower platform
Between in；
(2) oil cylinder drives extrusion cylinder housing downlink, and from peripheral banding extrusion cylinder；
(3) after lock ring is good, extrusion cylinder housing uplink, and whole device is promoted at extruder upper mounting plate, start
Preheating device, and prepare to be sent into blank；
(4) it after the completion of blank heating, hangs and is sent to lower platform, be sent into extruder opening；
(5) whole device uplink, until device upper surface and upper ejector pin following table face contact；Meanwhile lower push rod pushes blank
To predetermined position；
(6) upper ejector pin speed v is set1And oil cylinder drives the speed v of extrusion cylinder housing2；
(7) extrusion process starts, and squeezes stopping at the T moment, and upper and lower ozzle shapes completion simultaneously at this time；
(8) extrusion cylinder housing downlink and back-off assembly；
(9) lower platform sends out device and extrusion tube blank simultaneously；
(10) device is dismantled and takes out pipe.
Wherein, the T moment meets following formula in step (7):
Wherein, v1For upper ejector pin speed；v2For extrusion cylinder housing speed；r1For top fitting inner end diameter；r2For top fitting end
Portion's outer diameter；r3For top fitting bottom lower end radius surface；r4For lower ozzle inner end diameter；r5For lower ozzle outer end diameter；r6For down tube
Gonys subordinate end face radius；l1For top fitting tip lengths；l2For lower ozzle tip lengths；L1For top fitting length；L2For down tube
Mouth length.
The principle of the invention are as follows: realize the flowing of metal in blank to the extruding of blank by upper and lower mandril.Be intended to so that on
Metal fills forming at a same speed in ozzle and lower ozzle, then needs to meet under the metal speeds and inflow in inflow top fitting
Metal speeds size in ozzle is identical.Metal preferentially fills full type chamber when squeezing beginning and upset blank, frictionally make
Blank, extrusion cylinder device, extrusion cylinder housing is obtained to move together.When inflating completion, top fitting upper metal flows to top fitting, under
Ozzle lower-lying metal flows to lower ozzle, and the metal between upper and lower ozzle, is zero relative to blank speed.
The advantageous effects of the above technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:
(1) high production efficiency, it is once-forming that hollow shaft, hollow nipple pass through extruding.Before avoiding technique it is solid at
The cumbersome process that shape is machined out again reduces fiery time.
(2) stock utilization is high, and blank forged piece main shaft is hollow, and ozzle is hollow, saves lot of materials.It is real before avoiding
Waste of material caused by technique is punched out after heart blank forming again.
(3) upper and lower ozzle shapes simultaneously, and the speed of forming is accelerated under identical operating condition, so that ozzle has phase up and down
Same stress state avoids leading to grain growth since the time is long.
(4) mechanics and structure property are improved, heating times are rare to be conducive to improve metal inside tissue, while being squeezed into
During shape, material is in three-dimensional compressive stress, and material structure is finer and close.
(5) versatility is good, and the present invention has obtained the universal relation formula realized while met needed for forming by the derivation of equation,
For the pipeline of different duct lengths and internal-and external diameter, ozzle height and internal-and external diameter, speed can be set by corresponding relational expression
Degree.
(6) apparatus structure is simply easy to dismount, and considers that the convenient problem of modulus designs extrusion cylinder into a ladder.
(7) it solves the problems, such as to can not achieve two-tube mouth extrusion molding simultaneously on uniaxial extruder.
(8) manufacturing cost is low, and device materials use device steel, price is low, easily obtains.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram that single shaft of the invention squeezes two-tube mouth while forming；
Fig. 2 is extrusion cylinder structural schematic diagram of the invention, wherein Fig. 2 a is preceding extrusion cylinder structural schematic diagram, after Fig. 2 b is
Extrusion cylinder structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is dimensional drawing after the two-tube mouth pipeline forming of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is nozzle size figure of the invention, wherein Fig. 4 a is ozzle actual size figure, and Fig. 4 b is the rough size of ozzle
Figure；
Fig. 5 is forging blank dimensional drawing of the invention；
Fig. 6 is extrusion process schematic diagram of the invention.
Wherein: 1- upper ejector pin；2- upper ejector pin plug；3- blank；4- top fitting plug；5- oil cylinder；Ozzle plug under 6-；7-
Extrusion cylinder housing；8- extrusion cylinder；9- lower push rod.
Specific embodiment
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
The present invention provides a kind of uniaxial device and method for squeezing two-tube mouth while forming.
As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 (Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b), in the device extruder band oil cylinder 5, pressurizing unit include upper ejector pin 1,
Extrusion cylinder 8, extrusion cylinder housing 7 and lower push rod 9 are fixed by 7 lock ring of extrusion cylinder housing outside extrusion cylinder 8, and 1 upper end of upper ejector pin passes through
Fixed plate is connected with extruder upper beam, and 9 lower end of lower push rod is connected by fixed plate with extruder lower platform, and 1 lower part of upper ejector pin connects
Ejector pin and mandrel 2 is connected, blank 3 is opened on extrusion cylinder 8 there are two bore, between upper ejector pin plug 2 and extrusion cylinder 8 along bore
It is divided into preceding extrusion cylinder and rear extrusion cylinder two parts, top fitting plug 4 is contacted by bore center with upper ejector pin plug 2, down tube
Mouth plug 6 is contacted by another bore center with upper ejector pin plug 2, and oil cylinder 5 drives extrusion cylinder housing 7 to transport in vertical direction
It is dynamic.
As shown in fig. 6, specific step is as follows in use:
(1) it is hung onto after assembling whole device on extruder lower platform, it is empty to be transported to extruder opening by lower platform
Between in；
(2) oil cylinder 5 drives 7 downlink of extrusion cylinder housing, and from peripheral banding extrusion cylinder 8；
(3) after lock ring is good, 7 uplink of extrusion cylinder housing, and whole device is promoted at extruder upper mounting plate, it opens
Beginning preheating device, and prepare to be sent into blank 3；
(4) it after the completion of blank 3 heats, hangs and is sent to lower platform, be sent into extruder opening；
(5) whole device uplink, until device upper surface and 1 following table face contact of upper ejector pin；Meanwhile lower push rod 9 pushes base
Material 3 arrives predetermined position；
(6) 1 speed v of upper ejector pin is set1And oil cylinder 5 drives the speed v of extrusion cylinder housing 72；
(7) extrusion process starts, and squeezes stopping at the T moment, and upper and lower ozzle shapes completion simultaneously at this time；
(8) 7 downlink of extrusion cylinder housing and back-off assembly；
(9) lower platform sends out device and extrusion tube blank simultaneously；
(10) device is dismantled and takes out pipe.
Wherein, the specific determination process at T moment is as follows:
If upper ejector pin speed v1, direction is downward, then in time t, upper ejector pin stroke v1t。
If extrusion cylinder housing speed v2(extrusion cylinder, blank due to Extrusion bulging, with the same speed of extrusion cylinder housing), direction
Downwards, then time t when upper ejector pin with respect to blank stroke (v1-v2)t。
If upper ejector pin institute cored bar radiusBlank radiusAs shown in Figure 3.Then when
Between t when, upper ejector pin is to blank amount of compression(v1-v2)t。
In time t, blank has walked downwards v with respect to lower push rod2The stroke of t, also that is, lower push rod with respect to blank to
On walked v2The stroke of t, at this time lower push rod be to blank amount of compression
If top fitting end is internal diameterOuter diameterLength is l1Approximation circle
Cylinder, bottom can approximation be regarded as a upper end radius surface be r2, lower end radius surface isHeight is (L1-l1)
Approximation circle, as shown in Figure 4 b, Fig. 4 a be actual size.Then top fitting volume is
Similarly, setting nozzle end is internal diameterOuter diameterLength is l2
Approximate cylinder, bottom approximation be regarded as a upper end radius surface be r5, lower end radius surface is r6 Highly it is
(L2-l2) approximate rotary table, as shown in Figure 3.The ozzle volume is then descended to be
When being located at time T up and down ozzle simultaneously fill completion, then it is per second inflow top fitting volume be
(v1-v2), ozzle volume is under inflow per second
Because movement of the blank with respect to upper ejector pin is used under forming for shaping top fitting, blank with respect to the speed of lower push rod
Ozzle.It is intended at the T moment while shaping, then meet following equation:
Ozzle up and down can be realized while shaping.
Consider machining allowance factor, original blank internal diameter should be made to be less than actual parts size, finally obtain forging
Dimensional drawing is as shown in Figure 5.
In conclusion forging blank size is as shown in Figure 5.
Wherein: l1Top fitting tip lengths；d1Top fitting end is internal diameter；d2Top fitting outer end diameter d3Upper tube
Mouth lower end surface diameter；l2Lower ozzle tip lengths；d4Lower nozzle end is internal diameter；d5Lower ozzle outer end diameter；d6Down tube
Mouth lower end surface diameter；L1Top fitting length；L2Lower ozzle length；L3Top fitting center is to pipeline distance from top；L4It is upper and lower
Ozzle centre distance；L5Lower ozzle center is to duct bottom distance；D1Upper ejector pin institute cored bar diameter；D2Blank diameter；
(r1-Δr1)-forging top fitting aperture dimension；(r2-Δr2)-lower ozzle aperture dimension；(R1-ΔR1)-tube body diameter ruler
It is very little；(R2+ΔR2)-pipe shaft outer diameter；(h1+Δh1Pipeline distance from top is arrived at the top of)-forging；L3Top fitting center is to pipeline
Distance from top；L4Upper and lower ozzle centre distance；L5Lower ozzle center is to duct bottom distance；(h2+Δh2)-forging bottom is arrived
Duct bottom distance.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that in the description of the present invention, term " preceding ",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as " rear ", "upper", "lower" is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to just
In description the present invention and simplify description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, with
Specific orientation construction and operation, thus be not considered as limiting the invention.For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of uniaxial device for squeezing two-tube mouth and shaping simultaneously, it is characterised in that: including extruder and pressurizing unit, extruder
Band oil cylinder (5), pressurizing unit includes upper ejector pin (1), extrusion cylinder (8), extrusion cylinder housing (7) and lower push rod (9), extrusion cylinder (8)
Outside is fixed by extrusion cylinder housing (7) lock ring, and upper ejector pin (1) upper end is connected by fixed plate with extruder upper beam, lower push rod (9)
Lower end is connected by fixed plate with extruder lower platform, and upper ejector pin (1) lower part connects upper ejector pin plug (2), and blank (3) is located at upper
Between ejector pin and mandrel (2) and extrusion cylinder (8), is opened on extrusion cylinder (8) there are two bore, be divided into preceding extrusion cylinder along bore and squeeze afterwards
Pressure cylinder two parts, top fitting plug (4) are contacted by bore center with upper ejector pin plug (2), and lower ozzle plug (6) passes through another
A bore center is contacted with upper ejector pin plug (2), and oil cylinder (5) drives extrusion cylinder housing (7) to move in vertical direction；
The through-hole that Radius is equal to upper ejector pin plug (2) radius is opened at lower push rod (9) center；
The upper ejector pin (1), upper ejector pin plug (2), lower push rod (9), the opened hole of lower push rod (9), blank (3) and extrusion cylinder
(8) axis is overlapped；
The method being formed using above-mentioned apparatus, is included the following steps:
(1) it is hung onto after assembling whole device on extruder lower platform, extruder open space is transported to by lower platform
In；
(2) oil cylinder (5) drives extrusion cylinder housing (7) downlink, and from peripheral banding extrusion cylinder (8)；
(3) after lock ring is good, extrusion cylinder housing (7) uplink, and whole device is promoted at extruder upper mounting plate, start
Preheating device, and prepare to be sent into blank (3)；
(4) it after the completion of blank (3) heating, hangs and is sent to lower platform, be sent into extruder opening；
(5) whole device uplink, until device upper surface and upper ejector pin (1) following table face contact；Meanwhile lower push rod (9) pushes base
Expect that (3) arrive predetermined position；
(6) upper ejector pin (1) speed v is set1And oil cylinder (5) drives the speed v of extrusion cylinder housing (7)2；
(7) extrusion process starts, and squeezes stopping at the T moment, and upper and lower ozzle shapes completion simultaneously at this time；
(8) extrusion cylinder housing (7) downlink and back-off assembly；
(9) lower platform sends out device and extrusion tube blank simultaneously；
(10) device is dismantled and takes out pipe.
2. the uniaxial device for squeezing two-tube mouth and shaping simultaneously according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the upper ejector pin core
Stick (2) length is greater than required shaped pipe length.
3. the uniaxial device for squeezing two-tube mouth and shaping simultaneously according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the extrusion cylinder
(8) fillet is equipped at two bore.
4. the uniaxial device for squeezing two-tube mouth and shaping simultaneously according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step (7)
The middle T moment meets following formula:
Wherein, v1For upper ejector pin speed；v2For extrusion cylinder housing speed；r1For top fitting inner end diameter；r2Outside for top fitting end
Diameter；r3For top fitting bottom lower end radius surface；r4For lower ozzle inner end diameter；r5For lower ozzle outer end diameter；r6For down tube gonys
Subordinate end face radius；l1For top fitting tip lengths；l2For lower ozzle tip lengths；L1For top fitting length；L2It is long for lower ozzle
Degree.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610868471.3A CN106903179B (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2016-09-29 | A kind of uniaxial device and method for squeezing two-tube mouth and shaping simultaneously |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610868471.3A CN106903179B (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2016-09-29 | A kind of uniaxial device and method for squeezing two-tube mouth and shaping simultaneously |
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| CN106903179A CN106903179A (en) | 2017-06-30 |
| CN106903179B true CN106903179B (en) | 2019-05-10 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108746244B (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2019-08-13 | 烟台市台海集团有限公司 | A kind of extrusion process and main pipeline of the nuclear power main pipeline with ozzle |
| CN112846057B (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2022-06-21 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Integral profiling extrusion method for thin-wall pipeline with multiple nozzles |
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