CN106900234B - Driving system of rice transplanter - Google Patents
Driving system of rice transplanter Download PDFInfo
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- CN106900234B CN106900234B CN201710223565.XA CN201710223565A CN106900234B CN 106900234 B CN106900234 B CN 106900234B CN 201710223565 A CN201710223565 A CN 201710223565A CN 106900234 B CN106900234 B CN 106900234B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C19/00—Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders
- A01C19/02—Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders by a motor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/006—Other parts or details or planting machines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/02—Transplanting machines for seedlings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
- Guiding Agricultural Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a driving system of a rice transplanter, which comprises a walking driving hydraulic system and a seedling box lifting energy recovery hydraulic system; the walking driving hydraulic system comprises a driving main loop, an oil supplementing loop and a cooling loop; the engine drives the front wheel plunger pump and the rear wheel plunger pump to work through the belt, the front wheel plunger pump and the rear wheel plunger pump are of a swash plate type, the displacement of the pump and the oil suction and pressing directions can be changed by adjusting the inclination angle and the inclination angle direction of the swash plate, and the dual functions of changing the flow rate and the direction are achieved; a power element of the seedling box lifting energy recovery hydraulic system is a gear pump driven by an engine, an oil outlet of the gear pump is connected with a three-position four-way reversing valve, the three-position four-way reversing valve is used for controlling the flow direction of hydraulic oil and then controlling the lifting and descending of a seedling box, the reversing valve is in an O-shaped middle position function and used for locking the position of an oil cylinder, a two-position electromagnetic reversing valve is arranged at an oil outlet of a rodless cavity of a lifting oil cylinder and used for changing the direction of the hydraulic oil, and an energy accumulator is arranged on an oil outlet of the reversing valve and used for storing and releasing energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a driving system of a rice transplanter, and belongs to the technical field of driving systems of rice transplanters.
Background
With the implementation of the national thirteen-five, hydraulic transmission and electric transmission technologies are gradually introduced to the field of agricultural machinery, agricultural machinery products are gradually developed towards automation and intellectualization at a high speed, available energy is continuously reduced, and energy-saving and environment-friendly technologies of agricultural machinery are also a necessary development trend.
The existing high-speed rice transplanter has a series of advantages of high efficiency, good planting quality and the like, can work in a paddy field with poor environment for a long time, can basically meet the working requirements of the paddy field, but also has the following defects:
1) The multi-stage gears and the transmission shafts are used for transmitting power, the transmission system is complex and heavy, the arrangement mode is fixed and single, and the speed regulation range is small.
2) The whole machine has larger mass and can not meet the requirement of light weight.
3) The redundant kinetic energy or potential energy of the recovery system can not be stored, which is not beneficial to energy conservation and environmental protection.
4) The transplanting driving part adopts mechanical transmission, and the transmission system is complex, cannot realize stepless speed regulation and is not beneficial to control.
5) Is not beneficial to realizing automatic and intelligent control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to eliminate the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and provides a transplanter driving and energy recovery system which has the advantages of simple and compact structure, flexible layout, light weight, large speed regulation range, stepless speed regulation of a transplanting mechanism, energy recovery function, convenience for automation and intelligent control and capability of meeting the requirement of normal operation running of a high-speed transplanter.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a driving system of a rice transplanter comprises a walking driving hydraulic system and a seedling box lifting energy recovery hydraulic system; the walking driving hydraulic system comprises a driving main loop, an oil supplementing loop and a cooling loop; the power source for driving the main loop is an engine 1, the engine 1 drives the front wheel plunger pump 2 and the rear wheel plunger pump 3 to work through a belt, the front wheel plunger pump 2 and the rear wheel plunger pump 3 are of a swash plate type, the swash plate can adjust the inclination angle and the inclination angle direction to change the displacement of the pumps and the oil suction and pressing directions, and the dual functions of changing the flow rate and the direction are achieved; oil outlets of the front wheel plunger pump and the rear wheel plunger pump are respectively connected with a front wheel driving motor 4 and a rear wheel driving motor 5, the front wheel driving motor and the rear wheel driving motor are bidirectional variable plunger motors, and output shafts of the front wheel driving motor and the rear wheel driving motor are respectively connected with driving shafts of a front axle and a rear axle; the oil supplementing loop comprises an oil supplementing pump 11, an oil supplementing check valve group and an oil supplementing pressure limiting valve; the cooling loop comprises front and rear wheel flushing shuttle valves 16 and 22, front and rear wheel coolers 18 and 20, front and rear wheel flushing overflow valves 17 and 21 which are respectively corresponding to the front and rear wheel driving motors 4 and 5, the front and rear wheel flushing overflow valves 17 and 21 are of a hydraulic control type, 15-25% of the flow of the main loop on the low-pressure oil side of the main loop is cooled by the front and rear wheel coolers and then flows back to the oil tank; the power element of the seedling box lifting energy recovery hydraulic system is a gear pump 34 driven by an engine 1, an oil outlet of the gear pump 34 is connected with a three-position four-way reversing valve 27, the three-position four-way reversing valve 27 is electromagnetic and used for controlling the flow direction of hydraulic oil and then controlling the lifting and descending of the seedling box, the reversing valve 30 is O-shaped neutral position function and used for locking the position of an oil cylinder, one- way throttle valves 31 and 32 are installed on an oil inlet loop and an oil outlet loop of a lifting oil cylinder 33, the one- way throttle valves 31 and 32 are formed by connecting the one-way valve and a variable throttle valve in parallel and used for controlling the flow of the system in a single flow direction and preventing the oil cylinder from overspeed, the lifting oil cylinder 33 is a single-acting oil cylinder, a two-position electromagnetic reversing valve is installed on a rodless cavity oil outlet of the oil cylinder and used for changing the direction of the hydraulic oil, and an energy accumulator 28 is installed on one path of oil outlet of the reversing valve 30 and used for storing and releasing energy.
Further, the front and rear axles comprise a main speed reducer and a differential, and the transmission ratio of the main speed reducer and the differential can ensure that the system has no parasitic power.
Further, the oil supply pump 11 is a gear pump, the oil supply check valve group is a combination of two check valves, and the oil supply pressure limiting valve is an overflow valve.
Further, the oil replenishment pump 11 is a gear pump.
Furthermore, the electric rice transplanter also comprises an electric driving rice transplanting system, wherein the electric driving rice transplanting system comprises a land wheel, a rotating speed sensor, a motor and a control mechanism; the land wheel is arranged on one side of the transplanter and runs along with the transplanter, the rotating speed sensor is used for measuring the rotating speed of the land wheel and transmitting the measured data to the control mechanism, and the control mechanism converts the rotating speed of the land wheel into the running speed of the transplanter and combines the planting distance setting data to control the rotating speed of the motor; the motor is also provided with a motor sensor for measuring actual output and feeding back to the control mechanism to accurately control the planting distance.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The chassis adopts a double-pump double-motor driving mode, front and rear axles are reserved, and the transmission efficiency and the passing performance of the rice transplanter are guaranteed on the basis of optimizing layout flexibility and realizing stepless speed regulation.
2) The power density of the hydraulic component is high, the quality of the whole machine is reduced, and the requirement of light weight is met.
3) The seedling box lifting mechanism has an energy recovery function, can store redundant kinetic energy or potential energy of a recovery system, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
4) The motor-driven transplanting mechanism is simple in layout, does not need a complex mechanical transmission system, realizes stepless adjustment of planting distance, better meets the agricultural requirements, and is more convenient to control.
5) The land wheel tests the speed, has avoided making the speed of traveling measure inaccurately because the wheel that traveles skids, and closed loop feedback control guarantees more accurately that the plant spacing is unanimous.
6) The hydraulic system is easy to realize intelligent and automatic control.
7) Need not multistage gear drive, transmission system is light and handy, arranges more in a flexible way, and the speed governing scope is big.
8) The whole machine quality can be greatly reduced, and the requirement of light weight can be met.
9) An electric driving rice transplanting system is designed, a motor is used as power for rice transplanting driving, the transmission structure of a diesel engine motor is reduced, the weight of equipment is reduced, and meanwhile, the control is more convenient and accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a layout view of a traveling drive system in a drive system of a rice transplanter of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of a traveling drive system in the drive system of the rice transplanter of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of a seedling box lifting and energy recovery system in the driving system of the rice transplanter of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rice transplanting driving system in the driving system of the rice transplanting machine of the present invention.
The designations in the figures are as follows:
1-engine, 2-front wheel drive plunger pump, 3-rear wheel drive plunger pump, 4-front wheel drive motor, 5-rear wheel drive motor, 6-inter-axle differential lock valve, 7-front axle, 8-rear axle, 9-front wheel, 10-rear wheel, 11-oil supplement pump, 12, 13-two front wheel oil supplement overflow valves, 23, 24-two rear wheel oil supplement overflow valves, 14, 15-two front wheel oil supplement one-way valves, 25, 26-two rear wheel oil supplement one-way valves, 16, 22-front and rear wheel flushing shuttle valves, 17, 21-front and rear wheel cooling overflow valves, 18, 20-front and rear wheel coolers, 19-oil tank, 27-three-position four-way reversing valve, 28-energy accumulator, 29-one-way valve, 30-reversing valve, 31, 32-one-way throttle valve, 33-lifting hydraulic cylinder, 34-gear pump.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1-4:
fig. 1 shows a layout of a walking drive system.
The diesel engine 1 provides power for the whole walking drive system, the two-way variable plunger pumps 2 and 3 are connected with the engine through belts, the two plunger pumps are respectively connected with a front wheel drive motor 4 and a rear wheel drive motor 5 through a closed loop, an output shaft of the front wheel drive motor is connected with a front axle, an output shaft of the rear wheel drive motor is connected with a rear axle, a main speed reducer and a planetary gear differential are arranged in the front axle and the rear axle, the rotating speed of the motors and the reduction ratio of the axles are reasonably arranged to ensure that each wheel does not have parasitic power, and an interaxial differential lock valve is arranged between the two motors to play a role of interaxial differential.
Fig. 2 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of the walking drive system of the present invention. It mainly consists of two parts: 1) A hydraulic closed main loop consisting of a pump motor; 2) An oil supply circuit and a cooling circuit.
The diesel engine 1 is a power source of the whole system, the power is respectively transmitted to two bidirectional variable plunger pumps and an oil supplementing gear pump through belt connection, the two bidirectional variable plunger pumps are respectively connected with walking driving motors of front and rear axles through closed loops, the bidirectional variable plunger pumps are swash plate type plunger pumps, the dual functions of adjusting flow and changing flow direction can be realized by adjusting the inclination angle and direction of a swash plate, the rotating speed and the steering direction of an output shaft of the walking driving motor can be adjusted steplessly, and then the speed of the rice transplanter is changed and the forward and backward functions are realized. The front and rear traveling driving motors are respectively connected with front and rear axles through couplings to drive loads, the front and rear axles are provided with main reducers and planetary gear differentials with different reduction ratios, and parasitic power does not exist between wheels through reasonable configuration. The oil supplementing system comprises an oil supplementing pump, a check valve group and an oil supplementing pressure limiting valve, wherein the oil supplementing pump is a gear pump, the output oil of the gear pump jacks up the oil supplementing check valve and is input to the low-pressure side of the system, the oil pressure can maintain a system base pressure, the pressure is controlled by an oil supplementing overflow valve and is about 0.8-1.0MPa, and cavitation can be effectively prevented; the cooling loop comprises a flushing shuttle valve, a cooler and a flushing overflow valve, the driving system adopts a closed hydraulic loop, hot oil after the driving system works does not flow back to an oil tank, the oil temperature is high, the cooling loop needs to be arranged to ensure that the hydraulic oil of the main loop is not overhigh and the performance of the main loop is not influenced, the flushing shuttle valve is hydraulic-controlled and is controlled by high-pressure oil, the hydraulic oil on the low-pressure side is led to the cooler to be cooled by about 20 percent, the pressure of the flushing system is regulated by the cooling overflow valve, and the pressure is lower.
FIG. 3 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of the seedling box lifting and energy recovery system of the present invention.
The seedling box lifting and energy recovery system is used for controlling lifting and descending of the seedling box, and can store and recover potential energy in the seedling box descending process and release the potential energy at a required time. The diesel engine 1 provides power for seedling case lift and energy recovery system, gear pump 34 links to each other with the engine through the belt, gear pump 34 exit linkage has three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 27, when the switching-over valve is in the left position, the pneumatic cylinder upward movement, the seedling case promotes, when the switching-over valve is in the right position, the pneumatic cylinder downstream, the seedling case descends, the switching-over valve be the neutral position function of O type, when it is in the neutral position, the pneumatic cylinder lock is died, promptly the seedling case is fixed in a certain position, the pole chamber and the rodless chamber business turn over oil circuit of pneumatic cylinder all are provided with one- way choke valve 31, 32, one- way choke valve 31, 32 be one-way valve and variable throttle valve parallel connection form for control system flow in the single direction, prevent the pneumatic cylinder overspeed, be provided with two electromagnetic directional valve 30 at the oil-out of rodless chamber one side of pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic pressure oil case when this switching-over valve 30 is in the left position, when the switching-over valve circular telegram is in the right position, the hydraulic oil that the rodless chamber of pneumatic cylinder flows out pushes up the one-way valve and opens the one-way valve and gets into the accumulator and fills the energy accumulator, when the system rises again, the hydraulic pump provides energy storage, reaches the energy storage of energy storage, the environmental protection purpose of energy storage with high pressure oil release.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a rice transplanting driving system.
The rice transplanting driving system comprises a land wheel, a rotating speed sensor, a motor and a control mechanism. The system uses a land wheel arranged on one side of the transplanter to measure speed so as to prevent inaccurate speed measurement caused by slippage or slip of a running wheel, the rotating speed sensor is used for detecting the rotating speed of the land wheel and transmitting the measured data to the control mechanism, and the control mechanism calculates the rotating speed of the motor by combining the running speed and the planting distance and controls the rotating speed. The rotating speed of the motor can be steplessly adjusted, so that the planting distance of the rice seedlings can be steplessly adjusted, and a rotating speed sensor is mounted on an output shaft of the motor and used for measuring actual output and feeding the actual output back to the control mechanism, so that system errors are eliminated, closed-loop feedback is achieved, and the planting distance is accurately controlled.
The chassis of the invention adopts a driving mode of double pumps and double motors, and front and rear axles are reserved, so that the transmission efficiency and the passing performance of the rice transplanter are ensured on the basis of optimizing the layout flexibility and realizing stepless speed regulation; the power density of the hydraulic components is high, the quality of the whole machine is reduced, and the requirement of light weight is met; the seedling box lifting mechanism has an energy recovery function, can store redundant kinetic energy or potential energy of a recovery system, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly; the motor drives the transplanting mechanism, the layout is simple, a complex mechanical transmission system is not needed, the stepless adjustment of the planting distance is realized, the agricultural requirement is better met, and the control is more convenient; the speed measurement of the land wheel avoids inaccurate measurement of the running speed caused by the slipping of the running wheel, and the closed loop feedback control more accurately ensures the plant spacing to be consistent; the hydraulic system is easy to realize intelligent and automatic control; multi-stage gear transmission is not needed, a transmission system is light and handy, the arrangement is more flexible, and the speed regulation range is large; the whole machine quality can be greatly reduced, and the requirement of light weight can be met.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the general concept of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A driving system of a rice transplanter is characterized in that:
comprises a walking driving hydraulic system and a seedling box lifting energy recovery hydraulic system;
the walking driving hydraulic system comprises a driving main loop, an oil supplementing loop and a cooling loop;
the power source for driving the main loop is an engine (1), the engine (1) drives the front wheel plunger pump (2) and the rear wheel plunger pump (3) to work through a belt, the front wheel plunger pump (2) and the rear wheel plunger pump (3) are of a swash plate type, the maximum displacement of the pumps and the oil suction and oil pressing directions can be changed by adjusting the inclination angle and the inclination angle direction of the swash plate, and the dual functions of changing the flow and the direction are achieved; oil outlets of the front wheel plunger pump and the rear wheel plunger pump are respectively connected with a front wheel driving motor (4) and a rear wheel driving motor (5), the front wheel driving motor and the rear wheel driving motor are bidirectional variable plunger motors, and output shafts of the front wheel driving motor and the rear wheel driving motor are respectively connected with driving shafts of a front axle and a rear axle;
the oil supplementing loop comprises an oil supplementing pump (11), an oil supplementing check valve group and an oil supplementing pressure limiting valve;
the cooling loop comprises a front wheel flushing shuttle valve (16) and a rear wheel flushing shuttle valve (22), a front wheel cooler (18) and a rear wheel cooler (20) and a front wheel flushing overflow valve (17) and a rear wheel flushing overflow valve (21) which are respectively corresponding to the front wheel driving motor (4) and the rear wheel driving motor (5), the front wheel flushing overflow valves (17) and the rear wheel flushing overflow valves (21) are of a liquid control type, 15-25% of flow of the main loop on the low-pressure oil side of the main loop is cooled by the front wheel cooler and the rear wheel cooler and then flows back to the oil tank;
the power element of the seedling box lifting energy recovery hydraulic system is a gear pump (34) driven by an engine (1), the oil outlet of the gear pump (34) is connected with a three-position four-way reversing valve (27), the three-position four-way reversing valve (27) is electromagnetic and is used for controlling the flow direction of hydraulic oil and further controlling the lifting and descending of the seedling box, the reversing valve (30) has an O-shaped middle function and is used for locking the position of a lifting oil cylinder (33), one-way throttle valves (31 and 32) are mounted on oil inlet and outlet loops of the lifting oil cylinder (33), the oil inlet and outlet loops are connected to the three-position four-way reversing valve (27), the three-position four-way reversing valve (27) is further connected with an oil tank (19), and the reversing valve (30) is connected to the oil outlet loop of the lifting oil cylinder (33); the one-way throttle valves (31 and 32) are formed by connecting a one-way valve and a variable throttle valve in parallel and are used for controlling the flow of a system in a single flow direction and preventing the overspeed of a lifting oil cylinder (33), the lifting oil cylinder (33) is a single-action oil cylinder, a two-position electromagnetic reversing valve is arranged at an oil outlet of a rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder (33) and is used for changing the direction of hydraulic oil, and an energy accumulator (28) is arranged at an oil outlet of one path of the reversing valve (30) and is used for storing and releasing energy;
the front and rear axles comprise a main speed reducer and a differential mechanism, and the transmission ratio of the front and rear axles can ensure that the system has no parasitic power;
the oil supplementing pump (11) is a gear pump, the oil supplementing check valve group is used by combining two check valves, and the oil supplementing pressure limiting valve is an overflow valve.
2. The driving system of a rice transplanter according to claim 1, wherein: the oil replenishing pump (11) is a gear pump.
3. A driving system of a rice transplanter according to claim 1, wherein: the electric-driven rice transplanting system comprises a land wheel, a rotating speed sensor, a motor and a control mechanism; the land wheel is arranged on one side of the transplanter and travels along with the transplanter, the rotating speed sensor is used for measuring the rotating speed of the land wheel and transmitting the measured data to the control mechanism, and the control mechanism converts the rotating speed of the land wheel into the traveling speed of the transplanter and sets data by combining the planting distance so as to control the rotating speed of the motor; the motor is also provided with a motor sensor for measuring actual output and feeding back to the control mechanism to accurately control the planting distance.
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| CN201710223565.XA CN106900234B (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2017-04-07 | Driving system of rice transplanter |
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| CN201710223565.XA CN106900234B (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2017-04-07 | Driving system of rice transplanter |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108184353B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2023-07-28 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | General chassis of hydrostatic drive's paddy field working device |
| CN108506256A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-09-07 | 江苏恒立液压科技有限公司 | Drive hydraulic control system |
| CN109997470A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-07-12 | 丰疆智慧农业股份有限公司 | Unmanned rice seedlings transplanting system and its assemble method and rice transplanting method based on hybrid power |
| CN109779996A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-05-21 | 江苏沃得高新农业装备有限公司 | A kind of multifunction valve of control rice transplanter seedling platform lifting |
| CN110393045A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-11-01 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Transplant combine |
| CN110395652A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-11-01 | 王伟光 | A kind of segment overturning sucker machine |
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| DE102004016242A1 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2005-10-20 | Deere & Co | Drive system of a work vehicle |
| CN2862630Y (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-01-31 | 刘少先 | Tractor-propelled seedling planting machine |
| CN102511231B (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2014-01-22 | 覃志明 | Hydraulic driving system of full-hydraulic four-wheel-drive rice seedling transplanting machine |
| CN103010014B (en) * | 2013-01-03 | 2016-06-29 | 莱恩农业装备有限公司 | The electro-hydraulic hybrid drive system of rice transplanter |
| KR102235783B1 (en) * | 2013-10-04 | 2021-04-02 | 대동공업주식회사 | Saddle rice transplanter |
| CN105557103B (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2018-01-16 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of high-speed transplanter chassis of hydrostatic drive |
| CN205744646U (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-11-30 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | High-speed transplanter seedling case elevating mechanism Position of Hydraulic Cylinder control system |
| CN105850327A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-17 | 耒阳市三牛机械制造有限公司 | Hydraulic system of rice transplanter |
| CN206790973U (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-12-26 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of drive system of rice transplanter |
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