CN106895861B - 一种基于多个a/d模块采样的高分辨率光纤光栅反射谱采集方法 - Google Patents

一种基于多个a/d模块采样的高分辨率光纤光栅反射谱采集方法 Download PDF

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CN106895861B
CN106895861B CN201710042001.6A CN201710042001A CN106895861B CN 106895861 B CN106895861 B CN 106895861B CN 201710042001 A CN201710042001 A CN 201710042001A CN 106895861 B CN106895861 B CN 106895861B
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胡元华
万生鹏
曾少航
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Nanchang Hangkong University
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/35306—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement
    • G01D5/35309—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer
    • G01D5/35312—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer using a Fabry Perot
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
    • G01J3/0218—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using optical fibers

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Abstract

本发明提出了一种基于多个A/D模块采样的高分辨率光纤光栅反射谱采集方法，用单片机控制多个A/D模块产生时序分别对法珀腔可调谐滤波器扫描到的光纤光栅反射谱进行数据采集，提高光纤光栅反射谱范围内所采集的频谱点数，提高光纤光栅反射谱的分辨率；本发明具体实现步骤如下：搭建实验装置，宽带光源出来的光经F‑P腔可调谐滤波器后经过环形器进入光纤光栅；从光纤光栅反射回来的光经过光环形器后进入光电探测器；经光电探测器出来的电信号分成N路，每路都经过A/D模块转换后进入STM32单片机；由STM32单片机产生每路A/D模块采样的时序；将每路A/D模块采集到的数据按时序组合起来，就可以恢复光纤光栅反射谱数据。

Description

一种基于多个A/D模块采样的高分辨率光纤光栅反射谱采集 方法
技术领域
本发明涉及的是光纤光栅反射谱采集技术，具体为一种基于多个A/D模块采样的高分辨率光纤光栅反射谱采集方法。
背景技术
光纤光栅传感技术在许多领域获得广泛应用。在光纤光栅传感中，为了提高测量精度，必须提高光纤光栅反射谱的测量分辨率，这需要提升解调系统中核心色散部件，如体光栅、F-P腔（珐珀腔）可调谐滤波器的光谱分辨率。然而，这些色散部件的光谱分辨率有限，这导致在每一个光纤光栅反射谱中一般只能采集到几个频谱数据，反射谱峰值位置可能采集不到。因此，在实际应用中往往采用谱线拟合的方法来获取光纤光栅反射谱的峰值，这限制了系统的测量速率。
基于此，本发明提出了一种基于多个A/D模块分时序采集光纤光栅反射谱的快速高分辨率测量方法。
发明内容
本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种基于多个A/D模块采样的高分辨率光纤光栅光谱采集方法，用单片机控制多个A/D模块，由单片机产生时序，按时序分别对法珀腔可调谐滤波器扫描到的光纤光栅反射谱进行数据采集，提高光纤光栅反射谱范围内所采集的频谱点数，提高光纤光栅反射谱的分辨率。
为实现上述目的，本发明具体实现步骤如下：
（1）搭建实验装置，实验装置主要由宽带光源、F-P腔可调谐滤波器、光环形器、光纤光栅、光电探测器、A/D模块、STM32单片机和上位机组成，宽带光源连接F-P腔可调谐滤波器，F-P腔可调谐滤波器连接光环形器，光环形器分别连接光纤光栅、光电探测器，光电探测器分别和若干个A/D模块连接，A/D模块连接STM32单片机，STM32单片机连接上位机；
（2）宽带光源出来的光经F-P腔可调谐滤波器后经过环形器进入光纤光栅；
（3）从光纤光栅反射回来的光经过光环形器后进入光电探测器；
（4）经光电探测器出来的电信号分成N路，每路都经过A/D模块转换后进入STM32单片机；
（5）由STM32单片机产生每路A/D模块采样的时序；
（6）将每路A/D模块采集到的数据按时序组合起来，就可以恢复光纤光栅反射谱数据。
本发明的优点是：通过采用多个A/D模块，由单片机产生时序，用于控制每个A/D模块的采样时间，这样可以用低速A/D模块实现光纤光栅反射谱的高速率采样，从而提高光纤光栅反射谱的分辨率。
附图说明
图1是本发明的系统结构图。
其中，1是宽带光源；2是F-P腔可调谐滤波器；3是光环形器；4是光纤光栅；5是光电探测器；6是第1个A/D模块；7是第2个A/D模块；8是第N个A/D模块；9是STM32单片机；10是上位机。
图2是采用4个A/D模块时采集到的光纤光栅反射谱。
其中，图2中横坐标为波长，纵坐标为归一化功率。
具体实施方式
可以按照图1所示的结构进行。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用图1所示的系统结构。具体实现步骤如下：
（1）按图1搭建实验装置，实验装置主要由宽带光源1、F-P腔可调谐滤波器2、光环形器3、光纤光栅4、光电探测器5、A/D模块(6-8)、STM32单片机9和上位机10组成，宽带光源1连接F-P腔可调谐滤波器2，F-P腔可调谐滤波器2连接光环形器3，光环形器3分别连接光纤光栅4、光电探测器5，光电探测器5分别和若干个A/D模块(6-8)连接，A/D模块(6-8)连接STM32单片机9，STM32单片机9连接上位机10；
（2）宽带光源出来的光经F-P腔（法珀腔）可调谐滤波器后经过环形器进入光纤光栅；
（3）从光纤光栅反射回来的光经过光环形器后进入光电探测器；
（4）经光电探测器出来的电信号分成N路，每路都经过A/D模块转换后进入STM32单片机；
（5）由单片机产生每路A/D模块采样的时序；
（6）将每路A/D模块采集到的数据按时序组合起来，就可以恢复光纤光栅反射谱数据；
在不增加A/D模块速率的情况下，增加A/D模块的数目，就可以增加光纤光栅反射谱中所采集到的频谱数目，采集结果如图2所示。结果显示，采用多个A/D模块，在不提高A/D模块速率的情况下，可以大大提高光纤光栅反射谱的分辨率。
下面结合附图1对本方法作详细阐述。宽带光源1出射的光经F-P腔可调谐滤波器2后变成波长随时间变化的窄带光信号。窄带光信号经光环形器3后进入光纤光栅4，从光纤光栅4反射回来的光经环形器3后进入光电探测器5。从光电探测器5出来的电信号分为N路（N的值取决于所采用的A/D模块数目），由每路A/D模块按时序分别进行采样。第j个A/D模块采样时间为t 0 +iN/R a +(j-1)/R a ，其中，i为采样周期数，t 0为采样的起始时刻，R a 为N路实现的总采样速率，单路采样速率为R a /N。将所有A/D模块采集到的数据按时序组合，可以采集到图2所示的谱线数据。

Claims (1)

1.一种基于多个A/D模块采样的高分辨率光纤光栅反射谱采集方法，用单片机控制多个A/D模块，由单片机产生时序，按时序分别对法珀腔可调谐滤波器扫描到的光纤光栅反射谱进行数据采集，提高光纤光栅反射谱范围内所采集的频谱点数，提高光纤光栅反射谱的分辨率；
具体实现步骤如下：
(1)搭建实验装置，实验装置主要由宽带光源、F-P腔可调谐滤波器、光环形器、光纤光栅、光电探测器、A/D模块、STM32单片机和上位机组成，宽带光源连接F-P腔可调谐滤波器，F-P腔可调谐滤波器连接光环形器，光环形器分别连接光纤光栅、光电探测器，光电探测器分别和若干个A/D模块连接，A/D模块连接STM32单片机，STM32单片机连接上位机；
(2)宽带光源出来的光经F-P腔可调谐滤波器后经过环形器进入光纤光栅；
(3)从光纤光栅反射回来的光经过光环形器后进入光电探测器；
(4)经光电探测器出来的电信号分成N路，每路都经过A/D模块转换后进入STM32单片机；
(5)由STM32单片机产生每路A/D模块采样的时序；
(6)将每路A/D模块采集到的数据按时序组合起来，就可以恢复光纤光栅反射谱数据。
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