CN106888636B

CN106888636B - Precise seed sowing device

Info

Publication number: CN106888636B
Application number: CN201510959526.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕小荣; 吕小莲; 王庭钰; 田志伟; 张黎骅; 吴维雄; 廖念禾
Original assignee: Sichuan Agricultural University
Current assignee: Sichuan Agricultural University
Priority date: 2015-12-21
Filing date: 2015-12-21
Publication date: 2020-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 2035-12-21
Also published as: CN106888636A

Abstract

The invention discloses a precision seed sowing device which is characterized in that a seed storage chamber is fixedly connected to a frame of a seeder, the left end of the seed storage chamber is fixedly connected with a main seed taking device through a bolt, the right end of the seed storage chamber is fixedly connected with an auxiliary seed taking device through a bolt, and a seed sowing pipe is arranged right below the seed storage chamber and fixedly connected to the frame of the seeder; a transmission shaft arranged in the auxiliary seed taking device is connected with a stepping motor through a flat belt; the stepping motor is connected with the single chip microcomputer through a data line. The seed metering device is specially designed for precise seed metering of large-grain seeds such as corn and the like, effectively reduces the miss-seeding rate of the seeder by the alternate seed metering function of the auxiliary seed metering device, and greatly improves the mechanical seeding quality in the field.

Description

Precise seed sowing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, in particular to a precision seed-metering device.

Background

The air-suction type seed sowing device has the characteristics of simple structure, good universality, low seed damage rate and capability of realizing precision sowing under higher-speed operation conditions, and is widely applied. At present, the air-suction type seed sowing device is mostly adopted for the precise sowing of large seeds such as corn, peanut and the like in China, but the seed sowing device has higher miss-sowing rate and higher power consumption, and the miss-sowing is serious especially when the rotating speed of a ground fan is insufficient and the air pressure is insufficient; in addition, when the seeder is in operation, the phenomenon that the seeding apparatus breaks down suddenly and can not seed, but an operator does not find the fault in time, and the phenomenon that the seeding is missed in the whole row is easy to occur.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a precision seed sowing device for avoiding the defects of the prior art, the device detects the seed missing of a main seed sowing device and controls an auxiliary seed sowing device to replace the seed fetching in time through an intelligent control system, and the seed missing rate of the seeder is greatly reduced; in addition, the device can remind an operator of the phenomenon of miss-seeding at any time through the detection element arranged on the seed sowing pipeline, and effectively avoids the phenomenon of miss-seeding in the whole row.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:

the precision seed-metering device is structurally characterized in that:

a seed storage chamber (2) is fixedly connected on a frame of the seeder, the left end of the seed storage chamber (2) is fixedly connected with a main seed metering device (1) through a bolt, the right end of the seed storage chamber is fixedly connected with an auxiliary seed metering device (3) through a bolt, and a seed metering pipe (6) fixedly connected on the frame of the seeder is arranged right below the seed storage chamber to receive seeds discharged by a seed metering device; a transmission half shaft (32) arranged in the auxiliary seed metering device (3) is connected with the stepping motor (5) through a flat belt; the stepping motor (5) is connected with the singlechip (4) through a data line.

The structure of the precision seed-metering device is characterized in that the seed storage chamber (2) is divided into a left-right symmetrical structure by the middle plate; a signal emitter I (71) is arranged on the lower part of the left half part and the left surface of the middle plate; in the right half part, the lower ends of the left sides of the front wall and the rear wall are respectively provided with a signal receiver II (82) and a signal transmitter II (72) which are used in a matching way; a signal receiver I (81) is arranged at the lower part of a vacuum chamber of the main seed discharger (1) and is matched with a signal emitter I (71) at the lower part of the left surface of a middle plate of the seed storage chamber (2) for use; an electromagnetic valve (10) is arranged on the right side of the lower part of the vacuum chamber of the auxiliary seed metering device (3) and is matched with a seed suction hole of a replacement sucker (31) for use; two inclined branch pipes are arranged at the upper ends of the seed sowing pipes (6), and openings of the two branch pipes are respectively over against seed sowing ports of the main seed sowing device (1) and the auxiliary seed sowing device (3) so as to feed discharged seeds into a main pipeline of the seed sowing pipes (6).

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the intelligent control system is adopted, electronic elements such as the single chip microcomputer and the electromagnetic valve are utilized to detect the missed seeding and control the missed seeding, so that the missed seeding action is rapid and sensitive, the missed seeding rate of the seed sowing device is greatly reduced, the seed sowing condition of the seed sowing pipe is detected in real time through the detection element, an operator is reminded of the missed seeding phenomenon, the phenomena of seedling shortage, ridge breaking and whole-row missed seeding are avoided, and the stability of the seed sowing device is effectively improved; in addition, the invention has simple integral structure, convenient disassembly and assembly and good reliability.

2. The auxiliary seed sowing device structure is adopted, the function of repairing and mending leakage is effectively realized, and the leakage sowing rate of the sowing machine is greatly reduced;

3. the seed discharging pipe structure adopted by the invention can stably and effectively convey the seeds discharged by the main seed discharging device and the auxiliary seed discharging device into the main pipe of the seed discharging device, is beneficial to observing the seed discharging condition, and effectively improves the operation quality and efficiency of the seeder.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention A-A;

reference numbers in the figures: the device comprises a main seed metering device 1, a seed storage chamber 2, an auxiliary seed metering device 3, a singlechip 4, a stepping motor 5, a seed metering tube 6, a detection element 9, an electromagnetic valve 10, a replacement sucker 31, a transmission half shaft 32, a signal transmitter I71, a signal transmitter II 71, a signal receiver I81 and a signal receiver II 82.

Detailed Description

The precision seed-metering device is structurally characterized in that:

referring to fig. 1, a seed storage chamber 2 is fixedly connected to a frame of the seeder, the left end of the seed storage chamber 2 is fixedly connected with a main seed metering device 1 through a bolt, the right end of the seed storage chamber 2 is fixedly connected with an auxiliary seed metering device 3 through a bolt, and a seed metering pipe 6 fixedly connected to the frame of the seeder is arranged right below the seed storage chamber to receive seeds discharged by a seed metering device; a transmission half shaft 32 arranged in the auxiliary seed metering device 3 is connected with the stepping motor 5 through a flat belt; the stepping motor 5 is connected with the singlechip 4 through a data line.

In a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the chamber 2 is divided into a left-right symmetrical structure by a middle plate, and a signal emitter i 71 is arranged at the lower part of the left side of the middle plate; in the right half part, the lower ends of the left sides of the front wall and the rear wall are respectively provided with a signal receiver II 82 and a signal transmitter II 72 which are used in a matched mode; as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a signal receiver i 81 is arranged at the lower part of the vacuum chamber of the main seed discharger 1 and is matched with a signal transmitter i 71 at the lower part of the left surface of the middle plate of the seed storage chamber 2 for use; as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the electromagnetic valve 10 is arranged on the right side of the lower part of the vacuum chamber of the auxiliary seed metering device 3 and is matched with a seed sucking hole of a supplementary sucking disc 31 for use; as shown in fig. 1, two inclined branch pipes are arranged at the upper end of the seed sowing pipe 6, and the openings of the two branch pipes are respectively opposite to the seed sowing ports of the main seed sowing device 1 and the auxiliary seed sowing device 3, so that the discharged seeds can be fed into the main pipe of the seed sowing pipe 6.

The operation process is as follows:

when the machine is used for seeding, the vacuum chambers of the main seed sowing device 1 and the auxiliary seed sowing device 3 are under negative pressure; the seed suction plate in the main seed sowing device 1 rotates relative to the air chamber under the drive of the transmission shaft of the seeder, seeds are adsorbed on the seed suction holes of the seed suction plate under the action of negative pressure of the air chamber, the adsorbed seeds are taken out of the seed chamber, and when the seed suction plate is transferred to an air chamber lower part empty groove area, the adsorbed seeds fall into the seed sowing pipe 6 corresponding to the lower end under the action of self weight due to disappearance of the negative pressure, so that the seed taking process is realized. Meanwhile, the stepping motor 5 drives the supplementary suction cup 31 to rotate for a circle rapidly through the transmission half shaft 32 under the control of the single chip microcomputer 4 to adsorb seeds, when a seed sucking hole below the supplementary suction cup 31 does not adsorb the seeds, the emitting light signal of the signal emitter II 72 on the right half part of the storage chamber 2 along the disc surface of the supplementary suction cup 31 can directly irradiate on the signal receiver II 82, the signal receiver II 82 transmits information to the single chip microcomputer 4, the single chip microcomputer 4 can start the stepping motor 5 to drive the supplementary suction cup 31 to rotate, and when the seed sucking hole below sucks the seeds and blocks the light of the signal emitter II 72, the stepping motor 5 is controlled by the single chip microcomputer 4 to stop rotating. When the seed suction hole of the seed suction disc of the main seed sowing device 1 does not suck seeds, the light can pass through the seed suction hole to irradiate on the signal receiver I81 at the back of the sucker through the signal transmitter I71 at the left half part of the storage chamber 2, the signal receiver I81 transmits information to the single chip microcomputer 4, the single chip microcomputer 4 opens the electromagnetic valve 10 to block the seed suction hole below the auxiliary seed sowing device 3, the seeds on the seed suction hole fall down to enter the seed sowing device, the seeds which are leaked from the main seed sowing device 1 are supplemented, then the stepping motor 5 is started to rotate, the next seed suction hole with the adsorbed seeds is stopped below, and secondary replacement is prepared. When the seeding machine breaks down and no seeds fall in the seeding pipe 6 for a long time, the detection element 9 on the pipe wall of the seeding pipe 6 transmits a signal to the singlechip 4, and the singlechip 4 starts an alarm to inform an operator of stopping the machine for inspection. The device detects the miss-seeding by an intelligent system and controls the miss-seeding, so that the miss-seeding action is rapid and sensitive, and the miss-seeding rate of the seeding apparatus is greatly reduced; meanwhile, the seed falling condition of the seed discharging pipe is detected in real time through the detection element, the phenomena of seedling shortage, ridge breaking and whole row missing seeding are effectively avoided, and the seeding quality of the seeder is greatly improved.

Claims

1. A precision seed sowing device is characterized in that:

a seed storage chamber (2) is fixedly connected on a frame of the seeder, the left end of the seed storage chamber (2) is fixedly connected with a main seed metering device (1) through a bolt, the right end of the seed storage chamber is fixedly connected with an auxiliary seed metering device (3) through a bolt, and a seed metering pipe (6) fixedly connected on the frame of the seeder is arranged right below the seed storage chamber to receive seeds discharged by the seed metering device; a transmission half shaft (32) arranged in the auxiliary seed metering device (3) is connected with the stepping motor (5) through a flat belt; the stepping motor (5) is connected with the single chip microcomputer (4) through a data line;

an electromagnetic valve (10) is arranged on the right side of the lower part of the vacuum chamber of the auxiliary seed metering device (3) and is matched with a seed suction hole of a replacement sucker (31) for use;

the seed storage chamber (2) is divided into a left-right symmetrical structure by the middle plate; a signal emitter I (71) is arranged on the lower portion of the left side of the middle plate on the left half portion of the seed storage chamber, the signal emitter I (71) is arranged corresponding to a seed suction hole of a main seed discharger (1), and a signal receiver I (81) is arranged on the lower portion of a vacuum chamber of the main seed discharger (1) and is matched with the signal emitter I (71) on the lower portion of the left side of the middle plate of the seed storage chamber (2) for use;

the upper end of the seed sowing pipe (6) is provided with two inclined branch pipes, and the openings of the two branch pipes are respectively over against the seed sowing ports of the main seed sowing device (1) and the auxiliary seed sowing device (3) so as to feed the discharged seeds into the main pipeline of the seed sowing pipe (6);

the vacuum chamber of main kind of arranging ware (1) and supplementary seed metering ware (3) is the negative pressure, the seed suction dish in main kind of arranging ware (1) rotates at the relative air chamber of seeder transmission shaft drive down, when the seed suction of the seed suction dish of main kind of arranging ware (1) is not inhaled the seed, solenoid valve (10) are opened in singlechip (4), plug up the seed suction dish of supplementary seed metering ware (3) below, make the seed on the seed suction dish fall, get into the seed metering ware, the seed of the bushing of supplementary main kind of arranging ware (1), then start step motor (5) and rotate, make the next seed suction dish that adsorbs the seed stop in the below, prepare the second time bushing.

2. The precision seed-metering device of claim 1, characterized in that the right half part and the left lower end of the front and rear walls of the seed storage chamber (2) are respectively provided with a signal receiver II (82) and a signal transmitter II (72) which are used in a matched mode.